Edgar Filing: ENSIGN GROUP, INC

ENSG 6.30.13 10Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_____________________________

FORM 10-Q



x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2013.



o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the transition period from to .

Commission file number: 001-33757

__________________________

THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)



Delaware	33-0861263
(State or Other Jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization)	Identification No.)

27101 Puerta Real, Suite 450

Mission Viejo, CA 92691

(Address of Principal Executive Offices and Zip Code)

(949) 487-9500

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

N/A

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, If Changed Since Last Report)

_____________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). x Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):



Large accelerated filer o	Accelerated filer x	Non-accelerated filer o	Smaller reporting company o
		(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes x No

As of August 5, 2013, 21,934,900 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS



Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited):	3

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012	3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012	4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012	5

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012	6

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	30

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	55

Item 4. Controls and Procedures	55

Part II. Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	56

Item 1A. Risk Factors	57

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	84

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	84

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	84

Item 5. Other Information	84

Item 6. Exhibits	85

Signatures	86

Exhibit 31.1
Exhibit 31.2
Exhibit 32.1
Exhibit 32.2
Exhibit 101

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Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except par values)

(Unaudited)



	June 30, 2013			December 31, 2012
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	27,499		$	40,685
Accounts receivable—less allowance for doubtful accounts of $14,014 and $13,811 at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively	107,436			94,187
Investments—current	3,279			5,195
Prepaid income taxes	10,729			3,787
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	7,086			8,606
Deferred tax asset—current	13,351			14,871
Assets held for sale—current (Note 3)	—			268
Total current assets	169,380			167,599
Property and equipment, net	476,671			447,855
Insurance subsidiary deposits and investments	19,384			17,315
Escrow deposits	4,506			4,635
Deferred tax asset	3,490			2,234
Restricted and other assets	12,596			8,640
Intangible assets, net	6,302			6,115
Long-term assets held for sale (Note 3)	—			11,324
Goodwill	23,523			21,557
Other indefinite-lived intangibles	7,740			3,588
Total assets	$	723,592		$	690,862
Liabilities and equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	21,315		$	26,069
Accrued charge related to U.S. Government inquiry (Note 16)	48,000			15,000
Accrued wages and related liabilities	34,511			35,847
Accrued self-insurance liabilities—current	14,662			16,034
Liabilities held for sale—current (Note 3)	—			339
Other accrued liabilities	19,216			20,871
Current maturities of long-term debt	7,297			7,187
Total current liabilities	145,001			121,347
Long-term debt—less current maturities	206,874			200,505
Accrued self-insurance liabilities—less current portion	36,376			34,849
Fair value of interest rate swap	1,948			2,866
Long-term liabilities held for sale (Note 3)	—			130
Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities	3,142			3,281
Total liabilities	393,341			362,978

Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)
Equity:
Ensign Group, Inc. stockholders' equity:
Common stock; $0.001 par value; 75,000 shares authorized; 22,426 and 21,898 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2013, respectively, and 22,244 and 21,719 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012, respectively	22			22
Additional paid-in capital	95,703			90,949
Retained earnings	236,689			239,344
Common stock in treasury, at cost, 296 and 301 shares at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively	(2,063		)	(2,099		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,186		)	(1,745		)
Total Ensign Group, Inc. stockholders' equity	329,165			326,471
Non-controlling interest	1,086			1,413
Total equity	330,251			327,884
Total liabilities and equity	$	723,592		$	690,862

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2013			2012			2013			2012
Revenue	$	220,086		$	203,919		$	438,287		$	405,959
Expense:
Cost of services (exclusive of facility rent, general and administrative and depreciation and amortization expenses shown separately below)	175,913			162,085			351,974			322,712
U.S. Government inquiry settlement (Note 16)	—			—			33,000			—
Facility rent—cost of services	3,338			3,355			6,652			6,675
General and administrative expense	8,872			8,137			17,720			15,834
Depreciation and amortization	8,671			7,010			16,403			13,924
Total expenses	196,794			180,587			425,749			359,145
Income from operations	23,292			23,332			12,538			46,814
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(3,145		)	(3,114		)	(6,260		)	(6,039		)
Interest income	129			52			222			103
Other expense, net	(3,016		)	(3,062		)	(6,038		)	(5,936		)
Income before provision for income taxes	20,276			20,270			6,500			40,878
Provision for income taxes	7,846			7,872			4,833			15,586
Income from continuing operations	12,430			12,398			1,667			25,292
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit of $7 and $1,119 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and $51 and $78 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively (Note 3)	(26		)	(119		)	(1,774		)	(185		)
Net income (loss)	12,404			12,279			(107		)	25,107
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	37			(177		)	(327		)	(253		)
Net income attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	12,367		$	12,456		$	220		$	25,360
Amounts attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.:
Income from continuing operations attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	12,393			12,575			1,994			25,545
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit	(26		)	(119		)	(1,774		)	(185		)
Net income attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	12,367			12,456			220			25,360
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic:
Income from continuing operations attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	0.57		$	0.59		$	0.09		$	1.20
Loss from discontinued operations	$	—		$	(0.01	)	$	(0.08	)	$	(0.01	)
Net income attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	0.57		$	0.58		$	0.01		$	1.19
Diluted:
Income from continuing operations attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	0.55		$	0.57		$	0.09		$	1.17
Loss from discontinued operations	$	—		$	—		$	(0.08	)	$	(0.01	)
Net income attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	0.55		$	0.57		$	0.01		$	1.16
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	21,859			21,368			21,814			21,309
Diluted	22,321			21,886			22,267			21,841

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2013		2012			2013			2012
Net income (loss)	$	12,404	$	12,279		$	(107	)	$	25,107
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, net of income tax (benefit) expense of ($255) and ($359) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, and $224 and $226 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively.	394		(349		)	559			(354		)
Comprehensive income	12,798		11,930			452			24,753
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	37		(177		)	(327		)	(253		)
Comprehensive income attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	12,761	$	12,107		$	779		$	25,006

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2013			2012
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income	$	(107	)	$	25,107
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Loss from sale of discontinued operations (Note 3)	2,837			—
U.S. Government inquiry settlement (Note 16)	33,000			—
Depreciation and amortization	16,432			13,966
Amortization of deferred financing fees and debt discount	411			411
Deferred income taxes	(95		)	(597		)
Provision for doubtful accounts	5,527			3,939
Share-based compensation	1,945			1,615
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation	(908		)	(618		)
Gain on sale of equity method investment	(380		)	—
Loss on disposition of property and equipment	1,129			203
Change in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable	(18,776		)	(14,063		)
Prepaid income taxes	(6,942		)	3,266
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,577			767
Insurance subsidiary deposits and investments	(153		)	(5,825		)
Accounts payable	(5,331		)	(901		)
Accrued wages and related liabilities	(1,336		)	(8,032		)
Other accrued liabilities	(1,658		)	255
Accrued self-insurance	(291		)	5,250
Deferred rent liability	(274		)	317
Net cash provided by operating activities	26,607			25,060
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment	(13,405		)	(16,382		)
Cash payment for business acquisitions	(39,310		)	(18,045		)
Escrow deposits	(4,506		)	(210		)
Escrow deposits used to fund business acquisitions	4,635			175
Cash Proceeds on sale of urgent care franchising business, net of note receivable	3,610			—
Cash proceeds on sale of equity method investment	1,600			—
Cash proceeds from the sale of property and equipment	641			30
Restricted and other assets	(156		)	(1,398		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(46,891		)	(35,830		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of debt	10,000			21,525
Payments on long-term debt	(3,581		)	(8,306		)
Repurchase of shares of common stock	—			(174		)
Issuance of treasury stock upon exercise of options	36			147
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options	1,901			2,995
Dividends paid	(1,436		)	(2,576		)
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation	908			618
Payments of deferred financing costs	(730		)	(258		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	7,098			13,971
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(13,186		)	3,201
Cash and cash equivalents beginning of period	40,685			29,584
Cash and cash equivalents end of period	$	27,499		$	32,785
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	6,267		$	6,129
Income taxes	$	9,890		$	12,215
Non-cash financing and investing activity:
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interest	$	—		$	11,600
Accrued capital expenditures	$	577		$	809
Note receivable on sale of urgent care franchising business	$	4,000		$	—

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

The Company - The Ensign Group, Inc., through its subsidiaries (collectively, Ensign or the Company), provides skilled nursing and rehabilitative care services through the operation of 118 facilities, nine home health and seven hospice operations as of June 30, 2013, located in Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, Utah and Washington. The Company's operations, each of which strives to be the operation of choice in the community it serves, provide a broad spectrum of skilled nursing, assisted living, home health and hospice services, including physical, occupational and speech therapies, and other rehabilitative and healthcare services, for both long-term residents and short-stay rehabilitation patients. In the first quarter of 2012, the Company entered into a business to develop and operate urgent care centers. These walk-in clinics offer daily access to healthcare for minor injuries and illnesses, including x-ray and lab services, all from convenient neighborhood locations with no appointments. In the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company acquired an 80% membership interest in a mobile x-ray and diagnostic company. The mobile x-ray and diagnostic company is a leader in providing mobile diagnostic services, including digital x-ray, ultrasound, electrocardiograms, ankle-brachial index, and phlebotomy services to people in their homes or at long-term care facilities. The Company's facilities have a collective capacity of approximately 13,000 operational skilled nursing, assisted living and independent living beds. As of June 30, 2013, the Company owned 95 of its 118 facilities and operated an additional 23 facilities through long-term lease arrangements, and had options to purchase two of those 23 facilities.

The Ensign Group, Inc. is a holding company with no direct operating assets, employees or revenue. All of the Company’s operations are operated by separate, independent subsidiaries, each of which has its own management, employees and assets. One of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, referred to as the Service Center, provides centralized accounting, payroll, human resources, information technology, legal, risk management and other centralized services to the other operating subsidiaries through contractual relationships with such subsidiaries. The Company also has a wholly-owned captive insurance subsidiary (the Captive) that provides some claims-made coverage to the Company’s operating subsidiaries for general and professional liability, as well as coverage for certain workers’ compensation insurance liabilities.

Like the Company’s facilities, the Service Center and the Captive are operated by separate, wholly-owned, independent subsidiaries that have their own management, employees and assets. References herein to the consolidated “Company” and “its” assets and activities, as well as the use of the terms “we,” “us,” “our” and similar verbiage in this quarterly report is not meant to imply that The Ensign Group, Inc. has direct operating assets, employees or revenue, or that any of the facilities, the Service Center or the Captive are operated by the same entity.

Other Information — The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2013 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 (collectively, the Interim Financial Statements), are unaudited. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted, as permitted under applicable rules and regulations. Readers of the Interim Financial Statements should refer to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2012 which are included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K, File No. 001-33757 (the Annual Report) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). Management believes that the Interim Financial Statements reflect all adjustments which are of a normal and recurring nature necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position and results of operations in all material respects. The results of operations presented in the Interim Financial Statements are not necessarily representative of operations for the entire year.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation - The accompanying Interim Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The Company is the sole member or shareholder of various consolidated limited liability companies and corporations; each established to operate various acquired skilled nursing and assisted living facilities, home health and hospice operations, urgent care centers and related ancillary services. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company presents noncontrolling interest within the equity section of its consolidated balance sheets. The Company presents the amount of consolidated net income (loss) that is attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc. and the noncontrolling interest in its consolidated statements of operations.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all entities controlled by the Company through its ownership of a majority voting interest and the accounts of any variable interest entities (VIEs) where the Company is subject to a majority of the risk of loss from the VIE's activities, or entitled to receive a majority of the entity's residual returns, or both. The Company assesses the requirements related to the consolidation of VIEs, including a qualitative assessment of power and economics that considers which entity has the power to direct the activities that "most significantly impact" the VIE's economic performance and has the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits that could be potentially significant to, the VIE. The Company's relationship with variable interest entities was not material at June 30, 2013.

On March 25, 2013, the Company agreed to terms to sell Doctors Express (DRX), a national urgent care franchise system. The asset sale was effective on April 15, 2013. The results of operations for DRX have been classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented (see Note 3, Discontinued Operations) in the accompanying Interim Financial Statements. Certain assets and liabilities included in the sale of DRX have been presented as held for sale in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012. In addition, the results of operations of DRX and the loss or impairment related to this divesture have been classified as discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented.

Estimates and Assumptions — The preparation of Interim Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. The most significant estimates in the Company’s Financial Statements relate to revenue, allowance for doubtful accounts, intangible assets and goodwill, impairment of long-lived assets, general and professional liability, worker’s compensation, and healthcare claims included in accrued self-insurance liabilities, other contingent liabilities, interest rate swaps, and income taxes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Business Segments — The Company has a single reportable segment — long-term care services, which includes the operation of skilled nursing and assisted living facilities, home health and hospice operations, urgent care centers and related ancillary services. The Company’s single reportable segment is made up of several individual operating segments grouped together principally based on their geographical locations within the United States. Based on the similar economic and other characteristics of each of the operating segments, management believes the Company meets the criteria for aggregating its operating segments into a single reportable segment.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments — The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, debt security investments, interest rate swap agreements, accounts receivable, insurance subsidiary deposits, accounts payable and borrowings. The Company believes all of the financial instruments’ recorded values approximate fair values because of their nature or respective short durations. The interest rate swap is carried at fair value on the balance sheet. The Company’s fixed-rate debt instruments do not actively trade in an established market. The fair values of this debt are estimated by discounting the principal and interest payments at rates available to the Company for debt with similar terms and maturities. See further discussion of debt security investments in Note 5, Fair Value Measurements.

Revenue Recognition — The Company recognizes revenue when the following four conditions have been met: (i) there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; (ii) delivery has occurred or service has been rendered; (iii) the price is fixed or determinable; and (iv) collection is reasonably assured. The Company's revenue is derived primarily from providing healthcare services to residents and is recognized on the date services are provided at amounts billable to individual residents. For residents under reimbursement arrangements with third-party payors, including Medicaid, Medicare and private insurers, revenue is recorded based on contractually agreed-upon amounts on a per patient, daily basis.

Revenue from the Medicare and Medicaid programs accounted for 72.7% and 72.8% of the Company’s revenue during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, and 73.8% for both periods during the three and six months ended June 30, 2012. The Company records revenue from these governmental and managed care programs as services are performed at their expected net realizable amounts under these programs. The Company’s revenue from governmental and managed care programs is subject to audit and retroactive adjustment by governmental and third-party agencies. Consistent with healthcare industry accounting practices, any changes to these governmental revenue estimates are recorded in the period the change or adjustment becomes known based on final settlement. The Company recorded retroactive adjustments to revenue which were not material to the Company's consolidated revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The Company’s service specific revenue recognition policies are as follows:

Skilled Nursing Revenue

The Company’s revenue is derived primarily from providing long-term healthcare services to residents and is recognized on the date services are provided at amounts billable to individual residents. For residents under reimbursement arrangements with third-party payors, including Medicaid, Medicare and private insurers, revenue is recorded based on contractually agreed-upon amounts on a per patient, daily basis. The Company records revenue from private pay patients, at the agreed-upon rate, as services are performed.

Home Health Revenue

Medicare Revenue

Net service revenue is recorded under the Medicare prospective payment system (PPS) based on a 60-day episode payment rate that is subject to adjustment based on certain variables including, but not limited to: (a) an outlier payment if patient care was unusually costly; (b) a low utilization payment adjustment (LUPA) if the number of visits was fewer than five; (c) a partial payment if the patient transferred to another provider or the Company received a patient from another provider before completing the episode; (d) a payment adjustment based upon the level of therapy services required; (e) the number of episodes of care provided to a patient, regardless of whether the same home health provider provided care for the entire series of episodes; (f) changes in the base episode payments established by the Medicare Program; (g) adjustments to the base episode payments for case mix and geographic wages; and (h) recoveries of overpayments.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) added two regulations to PPS that became effective April 1, 2011: (1) a face-to-face encounter requirement and (2) changes to the therapy assessment schedule, which require additional patient evaluations and certifications. As a condition for Medicare payment, the first regulation mandates that prior to certifying a patient's eligibility for the home health benefit, the certifying physician must document that they have had a face-to-face encounter with the patient. The second regulation mandates that periodic assessments be made by a professional qualified therapist at designated intervals, including at least once every 30 days during a therapy patient's course of treatment. Management evaluates the potential for revenue adjustments as a result of these regulations.

We make adjustments to Medicare revenue on completed episodes to reflect differences between estimated and actual payment amounts, an inability to obtain appropriate billing documentation or authorizations acceptable to the payor and other reasons unrelated to credit risk. Therefore, we believe that our reported net service revenue and patient accounts receivable will be the net amounts to be realized from Medicare for services rendered.

In addition to revenue recognized on completed episodes, we also recognize a portion of revenue associated with episodes in progress. Episodes in progress are 60-day episodes of care that begin during the reporting period, but were not completed as of the end of the period.

Non-Medicare Revenue

Episodic Based Revenue — The Company recognizes revenue in a similar manner as we recognize Medicare revenue for episodic-based rates that are paid by other insurance carriers, including Medicare Advantage programs; however, these rates can vary based upon the negotiated terms.

Non-episodic Based Revenue — Revenue is recorded on an accrual basis based upon the date of service at amounts equal to our established or estimated per-visit rates, as applicable.

Hospice Revenue

Revenue is recorded on an accrual basis based upon the date of service at amounts equal to the estimated payment rates. The estimated payment rates are daily rates for each of the levels of care we deliver. The Company makes adjustments to revenue for an inability to obtain appropriate billing documentation or authorizations acceptable to the payor and other reasons unrelated to credit risk. Additionally, as Medicare hospice revenue is subject to an inpatient cap limit and an overall payment cap, the Company monitors its provider numbers and estimates amounts due back to Medicare if a cap has been exceeded. The Company records these adjustments as a reduction to revenue and increases other accrued liabilities.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from Medicare and Medicaid programs, other government programs, managed care health plans and private payor sources. Estimated provisions for doubtful accounts are recorded to the extent it is probable that a portion or all of a particular account will not be collected.

In evaluating the collectability of accounts receivable, the Company considers a number of factors, including the age of the accounts, changes in collection patterns, the composition of patient accounts by payor type and the status of ongoing disputes with third-party payors. On an annual basis, the historical collection percentages are reviewed by payor and by state and are updated to reflect the recent collection experience of the Company. In order to determine the appropriate reserve rate percentages which ultimately establish the allowance, the Company analyzes historical cash collection patterns by payor and by state. The percentages applied to the aged receivable balances are based on the Company’s historical experience and time limits, if any, for managed care, Medicare, Medicaid and other payors. The Company periodically refines its estimates of the allowance for doubtful accounts based on experience with the estimation process and changes in circumstances.

Equity Investment — As of December 31, 2012, one of the Company's subsidiaries had a non-marketable equity investment which was accounted for under the equity method. The investment was initially recorded at cost and the Company adjusted the carrying amount for its share of the earnings or losses of the investee after the date of investment. On April 23, 2013, the Company entered into a common unit redemption agreement with the investee where the non-marketable equity investment was repurchased. See further discussion at Note 11, Restricted and Other Assets.

Property and Equipment — Property and equipment are initially recorded at their historical cost. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the depreciable assets (generally ranging from three to 30 years). Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the remaining lease term.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets — The Company reviews the carrying value of long-lived assets that are held and used in the Company’s operations for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is determined based upon expected undiscounted future net cash flows from the operations to which the assets relate, utilizing management’s best estimate, appropriate assumptions, and projections at the time. If the carrying value is determined to be unrecoverable from future operating cash flows, the asset is deemed impaired and an impairment loss would be recognized to the extent the carrying value exceeded the estimated fair value of the asset. The Company estimates the fair value of assets based on the estimated future discounted cash flows of the asset. Management has evaluated its long-lived assets and has not identified any asset impairment during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 or 2012.

Intangible Assets and Goodwill — Definite-lived intangible assets consist primarily of favorable leases, lease acquisition costs, patient base, facility trade names and customer relationships. Favorable leases and lease acquisition costs are amortized over the life of the lease of the facility, typically ranging from ten to 20 years. Patient base is amortized over a period of four to eight months, depending on the classification of the patients and the level of occupancy in a new acquisition on the acquisition date. Trade names at facilities are amortized over 30 years and customer relationships are amortized over 20 years.

The Company's indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trade names and home health and hospice Medicare licenses. The Company tests indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the intangible asset may not be recoverable.

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations. Goodwill is subject to annual testing for impairment. In addition, goodwill is tested for impairment if events occur or circumstances change that would reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The Company defines reporting units as the individual operations. The Company performs its annual test for impairment during the fourth quarter of each year. See further discussion at Note 10, Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets.

Self-Insurance — The Company is partially self-insured for general and professional liability up to a base amount per claim (the self-insured retention) with an aggregate, one-time deductible above this limit. Losses beyond these amounts are insured through third-party policies with coverage limits per occurrence, per location and on an aggregate basis for the Company. For claims made after April 1, 2013, the combined self-insured retention was $500 per claim with an aggregate $1,750 deductible limit. For all facilities, except those located in Colorado, the third-party coverage above these limits was $1,000 per occurrence, $3,000 per facility, with a $10,000 blanket aggregate and an additional state-specific aggregate where required by state law. In

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Colorado, the third-party coverage above these limits was $1,000 per occurrence and $3,000 per facility, which is independent of the $10,000 blanket aggregate applicable to our other 112 facilities.

The self-insured retention and deductible limits for general and professional liability and workers' compensation are self-insured through the Captive, the related assets and liabilities of which are included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Captive is subject to certain statutory requirements as an insurance provider. These requirements include, but are not limited to, maintaining statutory capital. The Company’s policy is to accrue amounts equal to the actuarially estimated costs to settle open claims of insureds, as well as an estimate of the cost of insured claims that have been incurred but not reported. The Company develops information about the size of the ultimate claims based on historical experience, current industry information and actuarial analysis, and evaluates the estimates for claim loss exposure on a quarterly basis. Accrued general liability and professional malpractice liabilities recorded on an undiscounted basis, net of anticipated insurance recoveries, in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets were $30,985 and $33,215 as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

The Company’s operating subsidiaries are self-insured for workers’ compensation liability in California. To protect itself against loss exposure in California with this policy, the Company has purchased individual stop-loss insurance coverage that insures individual claims that exceed $500 for each claim. In Texas, the operating subsidiaries have elected non-subscriber status for workers’ compensation claims and, effective February 1, 2011, the Company has purchased individual stop-loss coverage that insures individual claims that exceed $750 for each claim. The Company’s operating subsidiaries in other states have third party guaranteed cost coverage. In California and Texas, the Company accrues amounts equal to the estimated costs to settle open claims, as well as an estimate of the cost of claims that have been incurred but not reported. The Company uses actuarial valuations to estimate the liability based on historical experience and industry information. Accrued workers’ compensation liabilities are recorded on an undiscounted basis in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and were $13,771 and $11,983 as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

In addition, the Company has recorded an asset and equal liability of $3,665 and $3,219 at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, in order to present the ultimate costs of malpractice and workers' compensation claims and the anticipated insurance recoveries on a gross basis.

The Company provides self-insured medical (including prescription drugs) and dental healthcare benefits to the majority of its employees. The Company is fully liable for all financial and legal aspects of these benefit plans. To protect itself against loss exposure with this policy, the Company has purchased individual stop-loss insurance coverage that insures individual claims that exceed $300 for each covered person with an aggregate individual stop loss deductible of $75. The Company’s accrued liability under these plans recorded on an undiscounted basis in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets was $2,617 and $2,467 at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

The Company believes that adequate provision has been made in the Financial Statements for liabilities that may arise out of patient care, workers’ compensation, healthcare benefits and related services provided to date. The amount of the Company’s reserves was determined based on an estimation process that uses information obtained from both company-specific and industry data. This estimation process requires the Company to continuously monitor and evaluate the life cycle of the claims. Using data obtained from this monitoring and the Company’s assumptions about emerging trends, the Company, with the assistance of an independent actuary, develops information about the size of ultimate claims based on the Company’s historical experience and other available industry information. The most significant assumptions used in the estimation process include determining the trend in costs, the expected cost of claims incurred but not reported and the expected costs to settle or pay damage awards with respect to unpaid claims. The self-insured liabilities are based upon estimates, and while management believes that the estimates of loss are reasonable, the ultimate liability may be in excess of or less than the recorded amounts. Due to the inherent volatility of actuarially determined loss estimates, it is reasonably possible that the Company could experience changes in estimated losses that could be material to net income. If the Company’s actual liability exceeds its estimates of loss, its future earnings, cash flows and financial condition would be adversely affected.

Income Taxes —Deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities at tax rates in effect when such temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company generally expects to fully utilize its deferred tax assets; however, when necessary, the Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its net deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

For interim reporting purposes, the provision for income taxes is determined based on the estimated annual effective income tax rate applied to pre-tax income, adjusted for certain discrete items occurring during the period. In determining the effective income tax rate for interim financial statements, the Company must consider expected annual income, permanent differences between financial reporting and tax recognition of income or expense and other factors. When the Company takes uncertain income tax positions that do not meet the recognition criteria, it records a liability for underpayment of income taxes and related interest

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

and penalties, if any. In considering the need for and magnitude of a liability for such positions, the Company must consider the potential outcomes from a review of the positions by the taxing authorities.

In determining the need for a valuation allowance, the annual income tax rate for interim periods, or the need for and magnitude of liabilities for uncertain tax positions, the Company makes certain estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions are based on, among other things, knowledge of operations, markets, historical trends and likely future changes and, when appropriate, the opinions of advisors with knowledge and expertise in certain fields. Due to certain risks associated with the Company’s estimates and assumptions, actual results could differ.

Noncontrolling Interest — The noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is initially recognized at estimated fair value on the acquisition date and is presented within total equity in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company presents the noncontrolling interest and the amount of consolidated net income (loss) attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc. in its condensed consolidated statements of operations and net income (loss) per share is calculated based on net income (loss) attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.'s stockholders. The carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest is adjusted based on an allocation of subsidiary earnings based on ownership interest.

Stock-Based Compensation — The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors including employee stock options based on estimated fair values, ratably over the requisite service period of the award. Net income has been reduced as a result of the recognition of the fair value of all stock options and restricted stock awards issued, the amount of which is contingent upon the number of future grants and other variables.

Derivatives and Hedging Activities — The Company evaluates variable and fixed interest rate risk exposure on a routine basis and to the extent the Company believes that it is appropriate, it will offset most of its variable risk exposure by entering into interest rate swap agreements. It is the Company's policy to only utilize derivative instruments for hedging purposes (i.e. not for speculation). The Company formally designates its interest rate swap agreements as hedges and documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items. The Company formally assesses effectiveness of its hedging relationships, both at the hedge inception and on an ongoing basis, then measures and records ineffectiveness. The Company would discontinue hedge accounting prospectively (i) if it is determined that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting change in the cash flows of a hedged item, (ii) when the derivative expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, (iii) if it is no longer probable that the forecasted transaction will occur, or (iv) if management determines that designation of the derivative as a hedge instrument is no longer appropriate. The Company’s derivative is recorded on the balance sheet at its fair value.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and Total Comprehensive Income (Loss) — Accumulated other comprehensive loss refers to revenue, expenses, gains, and losses that are recorded as an element of stockholders’ equity but are excluded from net income. The Company’s other comprehensive loss consists of net deferred gains and losses on certain derivative instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges. As of June 30, 2013, accumulated other comprehensive losses were $1,948, recorded net of tax of $762 or $1,186, in stockholders' equity. As of December 31, 2012, accumulated other comprehensive losses were $2,866, net of tax of $1,121 or $1,745.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements — Except for rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws and a limited number of grandfathered standards, the FASB Accounting Standards Codification™ (ASC) is the sole source of authoritative GAAP literature recognized by the FASB and applicable to the Company. The Company has reviewed the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) accounting pronouncements and interpretations thereof that have effectiveness dates during the periods reported and in future periods. The Company has carefully considered the new pronouncements that alter previous generally accepted accounting principles and does not believe that any new or modified principles will have a material impact on the Company's reported financial position or operations in the near term. The applicability of any standard is subject to the formal review of the Company's financial management and certain standards are under consideration.

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3. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

On March 25, 2013, the Company agreed to terms to sell DRX, a national urgent care franchise system for approximately $8,000, adjusted for certain assets and liabilities. The asset sale was effective on April 15, 2013. The sale resulted in a pre-tax loss of $2,837 for the six months ended June 30, 2013. The assets acquired at the initial purchase of DRX, including noncontrolling interest, were recorded at fair value. The initial fair value was greater than total cash paid to acquire all interests in DRX and the subsequent sale price. The sale of DRX has been accounted for as discontinued operations. Accordingly, the results of operations of this business for all periods presented and the loss related to this divesture have been classified as discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. As the sale was effective April 15, 2013, all assets and liabilities included in the sale were recorded as held for sale on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2012.

A summary of discontinued operations follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended June 30, 2013						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2013			2012			2013			2012
Revenue	$	104		$	389		$	728		$	509
Cost of services (exclusive of facility rent, general and administrative and depreciation and amortization expenses shown separately below)	(118		)	(514		)	(739		)	(716		)
Charges to discontinued operations for the excess carrying amount of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets	(13		)	—			(2,837		)	—
Facility rent—cost of services	(5		)	(13		)	(12		)	(14		)
Depreciation and amortization	(1		)	(32		)	(33		)	(42		)
Loss from discontinued operations	(33		)	(170		)	(2,893		)	(263		)
Benefit from income taxes	(7		)	(51		)	(1,119		)	(78		)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit	$	(26	)	$	(119	)	$	(1,774	)	$	(185	)

A summary of the net assets held for sale are as follows (in thousands):



	June 30, 2013		December 31, 2012
Current assets	$	—	$	268
Long-term assets:
Goodwill, net	—		1,099
Other identifiable intangible assets, net	—		10,200
Other long-term assets, net	—		25
Total assets held for sale	—		11,592

Current liabilities	—		(339		)
Long-term liabilities	—		(130		)
Total liabilities held for sale	—		(469		)
Net assets held for sale	$	—	$	11,123

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

4. COMPUTATION OF NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing income from continuing operations attributable to Ensign Group, Inc. stockholders by the weighted average number of outstanding common shares for the period. The computation of diluted net income per share is similar to the computation of basic net income per share except that the denominator is increased to include contingently returnable shares and the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive potential common shares had been issued.

A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the calculation of basic net income per common share follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2013			2012			2013			2012
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations	$	12,430		$	12,398		$	1,667		$	25,292
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	37			(177		)	(327		)	(253		)
Income from continuing operations attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	12,393			12,575			1,994			25,545
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit	(26		)	(119		)	(1,774		)	(185		)
Net income attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	12,367		$	12,456		$	220		$	25,360

Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic net income per share	21,859			21,368			21,814			21,309

Basic net income (loss) per common share:
Income from continuing operations attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	0.57		$	0.59		$	0.09		$	1.20
Loss from discontinued operations	$	—		$	(0.01	)	$	(0.08	)	$	(0.01	)
Net income attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	0.57		$	0.58		$	0.01		$	1.19

A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the calculation of diluted net income per common share follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2013			2012			2013			2012
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations	$	12,430		$	12,398		$	1,667		$	25,292
Less: net income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interests	37			(177		)	(327		)	(253		)
Income from continuing operations attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	12,393			12,575			1,994			25,545
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit	(26		)	(119		)	(1,774		)	(185		)
Net income attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	12,367		$	12,456		$	220		$	25,360
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding	21,859			21,368			21,814			21,309
Plus: incremental shares from assumed conversion (1)	462			518			453			532
Adjusted weighted average common shares outstanding	22,321			21,886			22,267			21,841
Diluted net income (loss) per common share:
Income from continuing operations attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	0.55		$	0.57		$	0.09		$	1.17
Loss from discontinued operations	$	—		$	—		$	(0.08	)	$	(0.01	)
Net income attributable to The Ensign Group, Inc.	$	0.55		$	0.57		$	0.01		$	1.16

(1) Options outstanding which are anti-dilutive and therefore not factored into the weighted average common shares amount above were 341 and 377 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 188 and 187 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and Level 3, defined as observable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

The following table summarizes the financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:



	June 30, 2013						December 31, 2012
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents	$	27,499	$	—	$	—	$	40,685	$	—	$	—
Fair value of interest rate swap	$	—	$	1,948	$	—	$	—	$	2,866	$	—

Our non-financial assets, which include long-lived assets, including goodwill, intangible assets and property and equipment, are not required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. However, on a periodic basis, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable, we assess our long-lived assets for impairment. When impairment has occurred, such long-lived assets are written down to fair value. See Note 2 for further discussion of our significant accounting policies.

Debt Security Investments - Held to Maturity

At June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company had approximately $22,663 and $22,510, respectively, in debt security investments which were classified as held to maturity and carried at amortized cost. The carrying value of the debt securities approximates fair value. The Company has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities to maturity. Further, at June 30, 2013, $6,181 is held in AA-rated debt securities backed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) under the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program, and $16,482 is held in A-rated debt securities.

Interest Rate Swap Agreement

In connection with the Senior Credit Facility with a six-bank lending consortium arranged by SunTrust and Wells Fargo (the Senior Credit Facility), in July 2011, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement in accordance with Company policy to reduce risk from volatility in the income statement due to changes in the LIBOR interest rate. The swap agreement, with a notional amount of $75,000, amortizing concurrently with the related term loan portion of the Facility, was five years in length and set to mature on July 15, 2016. The interest rate swap has been designated as a cash flow hedge and, as such, changes in fair value are reported in other comprehensive income (loss) in accordance with hedge accounting. Under the terms of this swap agreement, the net effect of the hedge was to record swap interest expense at a fixed rate of approximately 4.3%, exclusive of fees. Net interest paid under the swap was $262 and $514 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and $244 and $470 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively. In addition, based on the June 30, 2013 interest rate swap valuation, the Company expects to record swap interest expense of approximately $1,000 during the year ended December 31, 2013.

The Company assesses hedge effectiveness at inception and on an ongoing basis by performing a regression analysis. The regression analysis compares to the historical monthly changes in fair value of the interest rate swap to the historical monthly changes in the fair value of a hypothetically perfect interest rate swap over the trailing 30 months. The change in fair value of the hypothetical derivative is regarded as a proxy for the present value of the cumulative change in the expected future cash flows on the hedged transaction. The regression analysis serves as the Company's prospective and retrospective assessment of hedge effectiveness. Assuming the hedging relationship qualifies as highly effective, the actual swap will be recorded at fair value on the balance sheet and accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) will be adjusted to reflect the lesser of either the cumulative change in the fair value of the actual swap or the cumulative change in the fair value of the hypothetical derivative.

The interest rate swap agreement is recorded at fair value based upon valuation models which utilize relevant factors such as the contractual terms of the interest rate swap agreements, credit spreads for the contracting parties and interest rate curves. Based on this valuation method, the Company categorized the interest rate swap as Level 2 and recorded accumulated other comprehensive losses as of June 30, 2013 of $1,948, net of tax of $762, or $1,186, in stockholders' equity, compared to $2,866 net of tax of $1,121, or $1,745 as of December 31, 2012. There are no amounts attributable to hedge ineffectiveness that were required to be recognized in earnings.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

6. REVENUE AND ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 is summarized in the following tables:



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2013				2012
	Revenue		% of Revenue		Revenue		% of Revenue
Medicaid	$	78,989	35.9	%	$	73,641	36.2	%
Medicare	72,148		32.8		70,396		34.5
Medicaid — skilled	8,939		4.0		6,413		3.1
Total Medicaid and Medicare	160,076		72.7		150,450		73.8
Managed care	27,375		12.5		25,730		12.6
Private and other payors	32,635		14.8		27,739		13.6
Revenue	$	220,086	100.0	%	$	203,919	100.0	%



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2013				2012
	Revenue		% of Revenue		Revenue		% of Revenue
Medicaid	$	155,499	35.5	%	$	147,224	36.3	%
Medicare	146,075		33.3		140,190		34.5
Medicaid — skilled	17,412		4.0		12,274		3.0
Total Medicaid and Medicare	318,986		72.8		299,688		73.8
Managed care	56,560		12.9		51,422		12.7
Private and other payors	62,741		14.3		54,849		13.5
Revenue	$	438,287	100.0	%	$	405,959	100.0	%

Accounts receivable as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 is summarized in the following table:



	June 30, 2013			December 31, 2012
Medicaid	$	35,887		$	28,534
Managed care	29,274			26,707
Medicare	32,505			32,168
Private and other payors	23,784			20,589
	121,450			107,998
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts	(14,014		)	(13,811		)
Accounts receivable	$	107,436		$	94,187

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

7. ACQUISITIONS

The Company’s acquisition policy is generally to purchase or lease operations to complement the Company’s existing portfolio. The results of all the Company’s operations are included in the accompanying Interim Financial Statements subsequent to the date of acquisition. Acquisitions are typically paid for in cash and are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Where the Company enters into facility lease agreements, the Company typically does not pay any material amount to the prior facility operator nor does the Company acquire any assets or assume any liabilities, other than rights and obligations under the lease and operations transfer agreement, as part of the transaction. Some leases include options to purchase the facilities. As a result, from time to time, the Company will acquire facilities that the Company has been operating under third-party leases.

During the six months ended June 30, 2013, the Company acquired seven stand-alone skilled nursing facilities, three stand-alone assisted living facilities, three home health operations and three hospice operations. The aggregate purchase price of the 16 business acquisitions was approximately $39,310, which was paid in cash. The Company also entered into a separate operations transfer agreement with the prior tenant as part of each transaction. The operations acquired during the six months ended June 30, 2013 are as follows:


•	On January 1, 2013, the Company acquired a home health operation in Washington for approximately $2,801, which was paid in cash. The acquisition did not have an impact on the Company's operational bed count. The Company recognized $1,966 and $815 in goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, respectively, as part of this transaction.


•	On January 1, 2013, the Company acquired two hospice operations in Arizona and California, respectively, for approximately $1,825, which was paid in cash. The acquisition did not have an impact on the Company's operational bed count. The Company recognized $1,825 in other indefinite-lived intangible assets as part of these transactions.


•	On February 16, 2013, the Company acquired a home health operation in Texas for approximately $375, which was paid in cash. This acquisition did not have an impact on the Company's operational bed count. The Company recognized $375 in other indefinite-lived intangible assets as part of this transaction.


•	On March 1, 2013, the Company acquired a home health and hospice operation in Washington for approximately $1,137, which was paid in cash. This acquisition did not have an impact on the Company's operational bed count. The Company recognized $1,137 in other indefinite-lived intangible assets as part of this transaction.


•	In addition, on March 1, 2013, the Company purchased a skilled nursing facility in Texas for approximately $4,508, which was paid in cash. This acquisition added 150 operational skilled nursing beds to the Company's operations.


•	On April 1, 2013, the Company acquired three skilled nursing facilities in Texas for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $7,114, which was paid in cash. These acquisitions added 280 operational skilled nursing beds to the Company's operations.


•	On May 1, 2013, the Company acquired a skilled nursing facility and an assisted living facility in Washington for an aggregate purchase price of $11,585, which was paid in cash. These acquisitions added 102 operational assisted living units and 110 operational skilled nursing beds to the Company's operations.


•	In addition, on May 1, 2013, the Company acquired a skilled nursing facility in Nebraska for approximately $2,846, which was paid in cash. This acquisition added 70 operational skilled nursing beds to the Company's operations.


•	On June 1, 2013, the Company acquired an assisted living facility in California for approximately $4,263, which was paid in cash. This acquisition added 110 operational assisted living units to the Company's operations.


•	In addition, on June 1, 2013, the Company acquired an assisted living facility in Utah for approximately $2,856, which was paid in cash. This acquisition added 69 operational assisted living units to the Company's operations.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The table below presents the allocation of the purchase price for the operations acquired in business combinations during the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012:



	June 30,
	2013		2012
Land	$	7,591	$	676
Building and improvements	23,702		11,253
Equipment, furniture, and fixtures	1,204		802
Assembled occupancy	695		196
Goodwill	1,966		2,279
Other indefinite-lived intangible assets	4,152		1,217
	$	39,310	$	16,423

On July 1, 2013 the Company acquired a skilled nursing facility in Washington for approximately $4,425, which was paid in cash. This acquisition added 82 operational skilled nursing beds to the Company's operations. The Company also entered into a separate operations transfer agreement with the prior tenant as part of each transaction. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price was not completed as necessary valuation information was not yet available.

The Company’s acquisition strategy has been focused on identifying both opportunistic and strategic acquisitions within its target markets that offer strong opportunities for return on invested capital. The operations acquired by the Company are frequently underperforming financially and can have regulatory and clinical challenges to overcome. Financial information, especially with underperforming operations, is often inadequate, inaccurate or unavailable. Consequently, the Company believes that prior operating results are not meaningful, representative of the Company’s current operating results or indicative of the integration potential of its newly acquired operations. The businesses acquired during the six months ended June 30, 2013 were not material acquisitions to the Company individually or in the aggregate. Accordingly, pro forma financial information is not presented. These acquisitions have been included in the June 30, 2013 condensed consolidated balance sheet of the Company, and the operating results have been included in the condensed consolidated statement of income of the Company since the dates the Company gained effective control.

8. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consist of the following:



	June 30, 2013			December 31, 2012
Land	$	78,077		$	70,487
Buildings and improvements	369,982			341,096
Equipment	92,037			80,860
Furniture and fixtures	8,825			8,790
Leasehold improvements	42,657			32,570
Construction in progress	979			14,185
	592,557			547,988
Less: accumulated depreciation	(115,886		)	(100,133		)
Property and equipment, net	$	476,671		$	447,855

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

9. INTANGIBLE ASSETS — Net



	Weighted Average Life (Years)	June 30, 2013							December 31, 2012
		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization					Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Intangible Assets		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Lease acquisition costs	15.5	$	684	$	(567	)	$	117	$	684	$	(545	)	$	139
Favorable lease	15.0	1,596		(479		)	1,117		1,596		(426		)	1,170
Assembled occupancy	0.5	2,949		(2,526		)	423		2,255		(2,211		)	44
Facility trade name	30.0	733		(183		)	550		733		(171		)	562
Customer relationships	20.0	4,200		(105		)	4,095		4,200		—			4,200
Total		$	10,162	$	(3,860	)	$	6,302	$	9,468	$	(3,353	)	$	6,115

Amortization expense was $325 and $507 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and $200 and $439 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively. Of the $507 in amortization expense incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2013, approximately $315 related to the amortization of patient base intangible assets at recently acquired facilities, which is typically amortized over a period of four to eight months, depending on the classification of the patients and the level of occupancy in a new acquisition on the acquisition date.

Estimated amortization expense for each of the years ending December 31 is as follows:



Year	Amount
2013 (remainder)	$	600
2014	416
2015	365
2016	345
2017	345
2018	345
Thereafter	3,886
	$	6,302

10. GOODWILL AND OTHER INDEFINITE-LIVED INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment analysis during the fourth quarter of each year for each reporting unit that constitutes a business for which discrete financial information is produced and reviewed by operating segment management and provides services that are distinct from the other components of the operating segment. The Company tests for impairment by comparing the net assets of each reporting unit to their respective fair values. The Company determines the estimated fair value of each reporting unit using a discounted cash flow analysis. In the event a unit's net assets exceed its fair value, an implied fair value of goodwill must be determined by assigning the unit's fair value to each asset and liability of the unit. The excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss is measured by the difference between the goodwill carrying value and the implied fair value.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The following table represents activity in goodwill as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2013:



	Goodwill
December 31, 2012	$	22,656
Less: charges to discontinued operations for the excess carrying amount of goodwill	(1,099		)
	21,557
Additions	1,966
June 30, 2013	$	23,523

As of June 30, 2013, the Company anticipates that total goodwill recognized will be fully deductible for tax purposes.

During the six months ended June 30, 2013, the Company recorded $4,109 and $43 in home health and hospice Medicare license and trade name indefinite-lived intangible assets, respectively, as part of its acquisition of three home health and three hospice operations.

Other indefinite-lived intangible assets consists of the following:



	June 30,		December 31,
	2013		2012
Trade name	$	1,033	$	990
Home health and hospice Medicare license	6,707		2,598
	$	7,740	$	3,588

11. RESTRICTED AND OTHER ASSETS

Restricted and other assets consist of the following:



	June 30, 2013		December 31, 2012
Note receivable	$	4,000	$	—
Debt issuance costs, net	3,150		2,769
Long-term insurance losses recoverable asset	3,665		3,219
Deposits with landlords	812		749
Capital improvement reserves with landlords and lenders	775		683
Equity method investment	—		1,220
Other long-term assets	194		—
Restricted and other assets	$	12,596	$	8,640

Included in other assets as of June 30, 2013, are anticipated insurance recoveries related to the Company's general and professional liability claims that are recorded on a gross rather than net basis in accordance with an Accounting Standards Update issued by the FASB, capitalized debt issuance costs and a note receivable from the sale of DRX effective April 15, 2013. Included in other assets, as of December 31, 2012, was a non-marketable equity investment accounted for under the equity method. On April 23, 2013, the Company entered into a common unit redemption agreement with the investee where the non-marketable equity investment was repurchased for $1,600. The Company recognized a gain on the sale of its non-marketable equity investment of $380 in the second quarter of 2013.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

12. OTHER ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Other accrued liabilities consist of the following:



	June 30, 2013		December 31, 2012
Quality assurance fee	$	2,405	$	2,010
Resident refunds payable	4,922		4,564
Deferred revenue	1,326		5,661
Cash held in trust for residents	1,562		1,520
Resident deposits	1,687		1,666
Dividends payable	1,438		—
Property taxes	2,292		2,264
Other	3,584		3,186
Other accrued liabilities	$	19,216	$	20,871

Quality assurance fee represents amounts payable to California, Arizona, Utah, Idaho, Washington, Colorado, Iowa, and Nebraska in respect of a mandated fee based on resident days. Resident refunds payable includes amounts due to residents for overpayments and duplicate payments. Deferred revenue occurs when the Company receives payments in advance of services provided. Cash held in trust for residents reflects monies received from, or on behalf of, residents. Maintaining a trust account for residents is a regulatory requirement and, while the trust assets offset the liability, the Company assumes a fiduciary responsibility for these funds. The cash balance related to this liability is included in other current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

13. INCOME TAXES

During the first quarter of 2012, the State of California initiated an examination of the Company's income tax returns for the 2008 and 2009 income tax years. The examination is primarily focused on the Captive and the treatment of related insurance matters. California has not proposed any adjustments. The Company is not currently under examination by any other major income tax jurisdiction. During 2013, the statutes of limitations will lapse on the Company's 2009 Federal tax year and certain 2008 and 2009 state tax years. The Company does not believe these lapses, the California examination, or any other event will significantly impact the balance of unrecognized tax benefits in the next twelve months. The net balance of unrecognized tax benefits was not material to the Interim Financial Statements for the six months ended June 30, 2013 or 2012.

The Company recorded total pre-tax charges related to the pending settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and related expenses of $33,000 and $15,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, for a total charge of $48,000. The Company recorded estimated tax benefits of $10,373 and $5,865 during the six months ended June 30, 2013 and three months ended December 31, 2012, respectively. See Note 16, Commitments and Contingencies.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

14. DEBT

Long-term debt consists of the following:



	June 30, 2013			December 31, 2012
Promissory note with RBS, principal and interest payable monthly and continuing through March 2019, interest at a fixed rate, collateralized by real property, assignment of rents and Company guaranty.	$	20,694		$	21,032
Senior Credit Facility with SunTrust and Wells Fargo, principal and interest payable quarterly, balance due at February 1, 2018, secured by substantially all of the Company’s personal property.	97,500			89,375
Ten Project Note with GECC, principal and interest payable monthly; interest is fixed, balance due June 2016, collateralized by deeds of trust on real property, assignment of rents, security agreements and fixture financing statements.	49,474			50,072
Promissory note with RBS, principal and interest payable monthly and continuing through January 2018, interest at a fixed rate, collateralized by real property, assignment of rents and Company guaranty.	32,652			33,167
Promissory notes, principal, and interest payable monthly and continuing through October 2019, interest at fixed rate, collateralized by deed of trust on real property, assignment of rents and security agreement.	9,063			9,203
Mortgage note, principal, and interest payable monthly and continuing through February 2027, interest at fixed rate, collateralized by deed of trust on real property, assignment of rents and security agreement.	5,549			5,665
	214,932			208,514
Less current maturities	(7,297		)	(7,187		)
Less debt discount	(761		)	(822		)
	$	206,874		$	200,505

Senior Credit Facility with Six-Bank Lending Consortium Arranged by SunTrust and Wells Fargo (the Senior Credit Facility)

On April 22, 2013, the Company entered into the fourth amendment to the Senior Credit Facility (the Fourth Amendment), which amended the Company's existing Senior Credit Facility Agreement, dated as of July 15, 2011, to amend certain covenants, representations and other key provisions in the credit agreement to, among other things, (i) allow for the settlement relating to the previously disclosed federal civil investigation that has been conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and related federal agencies in an amount up to $50,000 and (ii) permit the Company to enter into a corporate integrity agreement with the Office of Inspector General-HHS. Except as set forth in the Fourth Amendment, all other terms and conditions of the Senior Credit Facility, as amended, remained in full force.

On February 1, 2013, the Company entered into the third amendment to the Senior Credit Facility (the Third Amendment), which amended the Company's existing Senior Credit Facility Agreement, dated as of July 15, 2011. The Third Amendment revised the Senior Credit Facility Agreement to, among other things, (i) increase the revolving credit portion of the Senior Credit Facility by $75,000 to an aggregate principal amount of $150,000, of which $30,000 was drawn as of June 30, 2013, and (ii) extend the maturity date of the Senior Credit Facility from July 15, 2016 to February 1, 2018. Except as set forth in the Third Amendment, all other terms and conditions of the Senior Credit Facility remained in full force and effect as described below.

On July 15, 2011, the Company entered into the Senior Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $150,000 comprised of a $75,000 revolving credit facility and a $75,000 term loan advanced in one drawing on July 15, 2011. Borrowings under the term loan portion of the Senior Credit Facility amortize in equal quarterly installments commencing on September 30, 2011, in an aggregate annual amount equal to 5% per annum of the original principal amount. Interest rates per annum applicable to the Senior Credit Facility are, at the option of the Company, (i) LIBOR plus an initial margin of 2.5% or (ii) the Base Rate (as defined by the agreement) plus an initial margin of 1.5%. Under the terms of the Senior Credit Facility, the applicable margin adjusts based on the Company’s leverage ratio as set forth in further detail in the Senior Credit Facility agreement. Amounts borrowed pursuant to the Senior Credit Facility are guaranteed by certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries and secured by substantially all of their personal property. To reduce the risk related to interest rate fluctuations, the Company, on behalf of

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

the subsidiaries, entered into an interest rate swap agreement to effectively fix the interest rate on the term loan portion of the Senior Credit Facility. See further details of the interest rate swap at Note 5, Fair Value Measurements.

Among other things, under the Senior Credit Facility, the Company must maintain compliance with specified financial covenants measured on a quarterly basis, including a maximum net leverage ratio, minimum interest coverage ratio and minimum asset coverage ratio. The loan documents also include certain additional reporting, affirmative and negative covenants including limitations on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, liens, investments in other businesses, dividends declared in excess of 20% of consolidated net income and repurchases and capital expenditures. As of June 30, 2013, we were in compliance with all loan covenants.

15. OPTIONS AND AWARDS

Stock-based compensation expense consists of share-based payment awards made to employees and directors, including employee stock options and restricted stock awards, based on estimated fair values. As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 was based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. The Company estimates forfeitures at the time of grant and, if necessary, revises the estimate in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ.

The Company has three option plans, the 2001 Stock Option, Deferred Stock and Restricted Stock Plan (2001 Plan), the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (2005 Plan) and the 2007 Omnibus Incentive Plan (2007 Plan), all of which have been approved by the stockholders. The total number of shares available under all of the Company’s stock incentive plans was 1,874 as of June 30, 2013.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to recognize the value of stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards. Determining the appropriate fair-value model and calculating the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant date requires considerable judgment, including estimating stock price volatility, expected option life and forfeiture rates. The Company develops estimates based on historical data and market information, which can change significantly over time. The Company granted 150 options and 60 restricted stock awards from the 2007 Plan during the six months ended June 30, 2013.

The Company used the following assumptions for stock options granted during the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012:



Grant Year	Options Granted	Weighted Average Risk-Free Rate		Expected Life	Weighted Average Volatility		Weighted Average Dividend Yield
2013	47	1.48	%	6.5 years	55	%	0.93	%
2012	49	1.05	%	6.5 years	55	%	0.93	%

The Company used the following assumptions for stock options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012:



Grant Year	Options Granted	Weighted Average Risk-Free Rate					Expected Life	Weighted Average Volatility		Weighted Average Dividend Yield
2013	150	1.18	%	-	1.48	%	6.5 years	55	%	0.93	%
2012	92	1.05	%	-	1.18	%	6.5 years	55	%	0.93	%

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

For the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, the following represents the exercise price and fair value displayed at grant date for stock option grants:



Grant Year	Granted	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Fair Value of Options
2013	150	$	31.88	$	15.68
2012	92	$	25.43	$	12.44

The weighted average exercise price equaled the weighted average fair value of common stock on the grant date for all options granted during the periods ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 and therefore, the intrinsic value was $0 at date of grant.

The following table represents the employee stock option activity during the six months ended June 30, 2013:



	Number of Options Outstanding		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Number of Options Vested	Weighted Average Exercise Price of Options Vested
January 1, 2013	1,387		$	16.06	739	$	11.88
Granted	150		31.88
Forfeited	(35	)	21.70
Exercised	(136	)	11.38
June 30, 2013	1,366		$	18.13	745	$	12.72

The following summary information reflects stock options outstanding, vested and related details as of June 30, 2013:



								Stock Options Vested
	Stock Options Outstanding							Stock Options Vested
				Number Outstanding	Black-Scholes Fair Value		Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Vested and Exercisable
Year of Grant	Exercise Price			Number Outstanding	Black-Scholes Fair Value		Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Vested and Exercisable
2003	$0.67	-	0.81	4	*		1	4
2004	1.96	-	2.46	2	*		1	2
2005	4.99	-	5.75	40	*		2	40
2006	7.05	-	7.50	153	1,475		3	153
2008	9.38	-	14.87	318	1,757		5	271
2009	14.88	-	16.70	303	2,400		6	197
2010	17.47	-	18.16	85	753		7	41
2011	21.61	-	29.30	86	1,073		8	22
2012	24.04	-	29.16	227	3,074		9	15
2013	29.25	-	35.72	148	2,318		10	—
Total				1,366	$	12,850		745

* The Company will not recognize the Black-Scholes fair value for awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 unless such awards are modified.

In addition to the above, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, the Company granted 14 and 60 restricted stock awards, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, the Company granted 13 and 76 restricted stock awards, respectively. All awards were granted at an exercise price of $0 and vest over five years.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

A summary of the status of the Company's nonvested restricted stock awards as of June 30, 2013, and changes during the six-month period ended June 30, 2013 is presented below:



	Nonvested Restricted Awards		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 2013	224		$	23.04
Granted	60		32.27
Vested	(23	)	24.23
Forfeited	(27	)	23.03
Nonvested at June 30, 2013	234		$	26.39

Total share-based compensation expense recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 was as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2013		2012		2013		2012
Share-based compensation expense related to stock options	$	505	$	421	$	1,079	$	920
Share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards	328		363		643		695
Share-based compensation expense related to stock awards	121		—		607		—
Total	$	954	$	784	$	2,329	$	1,615

In future periods, the Company expects to recognize approximately $6,593 and $5,600 in share-based compensation expense for unvested options and unvested restricted stock awards, respectively, that were outstanding as of June 30, 2013. Future share-based compensation expense will be recognized over 3.7 weighted average years for both unvested options and restricted stock awards. There were 621 unvested and outstanding options at June 30, 2013, of which 581 are expected to vest. The weighted average contractual life for options vested at June 30, 2013 was 6.2 years.

The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding, vested, expected to vest and exercised as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 is as follows:



Options	June 30, 2013		December 31, 2012
Outstanding	$	23,372	$	15,703
Vested	16,754		11,285
Expected to vest	5,916		4,088
Exercised	2,933		7,123

The intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the market value of the underlying common stock and the exercise price of the options.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Leases — The Company leases certain facilities and its administrative offices under non-cancelable operating leases, most of which have initial lease terms ranging from five to 20 years. The Company also leases certain of its equipment under non-cancelable operating leases with initial terms ranging from three to five years. Most of these leases contain renewal options, certain of which involve rent increases. Total rent expense, inclusive of straight-line rent adjustments, was $3,446 and $6,882 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and $3,482 and $6,918 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively.

Six of the Company’s facilities are operated under two separate three-facility master lease arrangements. Under these master leases, a breach at a single facility could subject one or more of the other facilities covered by the same master lease to the same default risk. Failure to comply with Medicare and Medicaid provider requirements is a default under several of the Company’s leases, master lease agreements and debt financing instruments. In addition, other potential defaults related to an individual facility may cause a default of an entire master lease portfolio and could trigger cross-default provisions in the Company’s outstanding debt arrangements and other leases. With an indivisible lease, it is difficult to restructure the composition of the portfolio or economic terms of the lease without the consent of the landlord.

In addition, a number of the Company’s individual facility leases are held by the same or related landlords, and some of these leases include cross-default provisions that could cause a default at one facility to trigger a technical default with respect to others, potentially subjecting certain leases and facilities to the various remedies available to the landlords under separate but cross-defaulted leases. The Company is not aware of any defaults as of June 30, 2013.

Regulatory Matters — Laws and regulations governing Medicare and Medicaid programs are complex and subject to interpretation. Compliance with such laws and regulations can be subject to future governmental review and interpretation, as well as significant regulatory action including fines, penalties, and exclusion from certain governmental programs. The Company believes that it is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws and regulations.

A significant portion of the Company’s revenue is derived from Medicaid and Medicare, for which reimbursement rates are subject to regulatory changes and government funding restrictions. Any significant future change to reimbursement rates or regulation on how services are provided could have a material effect on the Company’s operations.

Cost-Containment Measures — Both government and private pay sources have instituted cost-containment measures designed to limit payments made to providers of healthcare services, and there can be no assurance that future measures designed to limit payments made to providers will not adversely affect the Company.

Income Tax Examinations — During the first quarter of 2012, the State of California initiated an examination of the Company's income tax returns for the 2008 and 2009 income tax years. The examination is primarily focused on the Captive and the treatment of related insurance matters. California has not proposed any adjustments. The Company is not currently under examination by any other major income tax jurisdiction. During 2013, the statutes of limitations will lapse on the Company's 2009 Federal tax year and certain 2008 and 2009 state tax years. The Company does not believe these lapses, the California examination, or any other event will significantly impact the balance of unrecognized tax benefits in the next twelve months. See Note 13, Income Taxes.

Indemnities — From time to time, the Company enters into certain types of contracts that contingently require the Company to indemnify parties against third-party claims. These contracts primarily include (i) certain real estate leases, under which the Company may be required to indemnify property owners or prior facility operators for post-transfer environmental or other liabilities and other claims arising from the Company’s use of the applicable premises, (ii) operations transfer agreements, in which the Company agrees to indemnify past operators of facilities the Company acquires against certain liabilities arising from the transfer of the operation and/or the operation thereof after the transfer, (iii) certain lending agreements, under which the Company may be required to indemnify the lender against various claims and liabilities, (iv) agreements with certain lenders under which the Company may be required to indemnify such lenders against various claims and liabilities, and (v) certain agreements with the Company’s officers, directors and employees, under which the Company may be required to indemnify such persons for liabilities arising out of their employment relationships. The terms of such obligations vary by contract and, in most instances, a specific or maximum dollar amount is not explicitly stated therein. Generally, amounts under these contracts cannot be reasonably estimated until a specific claim is asserted. Consequently, because no claims have been asserted, no liabilities have been recorded for these obligations on the Company’s balance sheets for any of the periods presented.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Litigation — The skilled nursing business involves a significant risk of liability given the age and health of the Company’s patients and residents and the services the Company provides. The Company and others in the industry are subject to an increasing number of claims and lawsuits, including professional liability claims, alleging that services have resulted in personal injury, elder abuse, wrongful death or other related claims. The defense of these lawsuits may result in significant legal costs, regardless of the outcome, and can result in large settlement amounts or damage awards.

In addition to the potential lawsuits and claims described above, the Company is also subject to potential lawsuits under the Federal False Claims Act and comparable state laws alleging submission of fraudulent claims for services to any healthcare program (such as Medicare) or payor. A violation may provide the basis for exclusion from federally-funded healthcare programs. Such exclusions could have a correlative negative impact on the Company’s financial performance. Some states, including California, Arizona and Texas, have enacted similar whistleblower and false claims laws and regulations. In addition, the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 created incentives for states to enact anti-fraud legislation modeled on the Federal False Claims Act. As such, the Company could face increased scrutiny, potential liability and legal expenses and costs based on claims under state false claims acts in markets in which it does business.

In May 2009, Congress passed the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act (FERA) of 2009 which made significant changes to the Federal False Claims Act (FCA), expanding the types of activities subject to prosecution and whistleblower liability. Following changes by FERA, health care providers face significant penalties for the knowing retention of government overpayments, even if no false claim was involved. Health care providers can now be liable for knowingly and improperly avoiding or decreasing an obligation to pay money or property to the government. This includes the retention of any government overpayment. The government can argue, therefore, that a FCA violation can occur without any affirmative fraudulent action or statement, as long as it is knowingly improper. In addition, FERA extended protections against retaliation for whistleblowers, including protections not only for employees, but also contractors and agents. Thus, there is generally no need for an employment relationship in order to qualify for protection against retaliation for whistleblowing.

In July 2010, Congress passed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act). The Dodd-Frank Act establishes rigorous standards and supervision to protect the economy and American consumers, investors and businesses. Included under Section 922 of the Dodd-Frank Act, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) will be required to pay a reward to individuals who provide original information to the SEC resulting in monetary sanctions exceeding $1,000 in civil or criminal proceedings. The award will range from 10 to 30 percent of the amount recouped and the amount of the award shall be at the discretion of the SEC. The purpose of this reward program is to “motivate those with inside knowledge to come forward and assist the Government to identify and prosecute persons who have violated securities laws and recover money for victims of financial fraud.”

Healthcare litigation (including class action litigation) is common and is filed based upon a wide variety of claims and theories, and we are routinely subjected to varying types of claims. One particular type of suit arises from alleged violations of state-established minimum staffing requirements for skilled nursing facilities. Failure to meet these requirements can, among other things, jeopardize a facility's compliance with conditions of participation under certain state and federal healthcare programs; it may also subject the facility to a notice of deficiency, a citation, civil monetary penalty, or litigation. These class-action “staffing” suits have the potential to result in large jury verdicts and settlements, and have become more prevalent in the wake of a previous substantial jury award against one of the Company's competitors. The Company expects the plaintiff's bar to become increasingly aggressive in their pursuit of these staffing and similar claims.

A class action staffing suit was previously filed against the Company in the State of California, alleging, among other things, violations of certain Health and Safety Code provisions and a violation of the Consumer Legal Remedies Act at certain of the Company's California facilities. In 2007, the Company settled this class action suit, and the settlement was approved by the affected class and the Court. The Company has been defending a second such staffing class-action claim filed in Los Angeles Superior Court; however, a settlement was reached with class counsel and has received Court approval. The total costs associated with the settlement, including attorney's fees, estimated class payout, and related costs and expenses, are projected to be approximately $5,600, of which, approximately $600 of this amount was recorded in the quarter ended June 30, 2013, with the balance having been expensed in prior periods. The settlement will not have a material ongoing adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations.

Other claims and suits, including class actions, continue to be filed against us and other companies in our industry. If there were a significant increase in the number of these claims or an increase in amounts owing should plaintiffs be successful in their prosecution of these claims, this could materially adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The Company has been, and continues to be, subject to claims and legal actions that arise in the ordinary course of business, including potential claims related to care and treatment provided at its facilities as well as employment related claims. The Company does not believe that the ultimate resolution of these actions will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, cash flows, financial condition or results of operations. A significant increase in the number of these claims or an increase in amounts owing should plaintiffs be successful in their prosecution of these claims, could materially adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company cannot predict or provide any assurance as to the possible outcome of any litigation. If any litigation were to proceed, and the Company is subjected to, alleged to be liable for, or agrees to a settlement of, claims or obligations under federal Medicare statutes, the federal False Claims Act, or similar state and federal statutes and related regulations, its business, financial condition and results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected and its stock price could be adversely impacted. Among other things, any settlement or litigation could involve the payment of substantial sums to settle any alleged civil violations, and may also include the Company's assumption of specific procedural and financial obligations going forward under a corporate integrity agreement and/or other arrangement with the government.

Medicare Revenue Recoupments — The Company is subject to reviews relating to Medicare services, billings and potential overpayments. The Company had one operation subject to probe review during the six months ended June 30, 2013. The Company anticipates that these probe reviews will increase in frequency in the future. Further, the Company currently has no facilities on prepayment review; however, others may be placed on prepayment review in the future. If a facility fails prepayment review, the facility could then be subject to undergo targeted review, which is a review that targets perceived claims deficiencies. The Company has no facilities that are currently undergoing targeted review.

U.S. Government Inquiry — In late 2006, the Company learned that it might be the subject of an on-going criminal and civil investigation by the DOJ and this was confirmed in March 2007. The investigation relates to claims submitted to the Medicare program for rehabilitation services provided at skilled nursing facilities in Southern California, that the Company believes is tied to a pending whistleblower complaint. The Company, through its outside counsel and a special committee of independent directors established by its board, have worked cooperatively with the U.S. Attorney's office to produce information requested by the government as part of an ongoing dialogue designed to try to resolve the issue.

In December 2011, the DOJ notified the Company that it had elected to close its criminal investigation without action although, as is typical, it reserved the right to reopen the criminal case if new facts came to light, leaving only the civil investigation to resolve. In furtherance of the remaining civil investigation, certain additional information was requested and supplied to the DOJ and the Office of the Inspector General of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) by the Company, including specific patient records and documents from 2007 to 2011 from six Southern California skilled nursing facilities that had been the subject of previous requests.

In early 2013, discussions between government representatives and the Company's special committee, its outside counsel and their experts had advanced sufficiently that the Company recorded an initial estimated liability in the amount of $15,000 in the fourth quarter of 2012 for the resolution of claims connected to the investigation.

In April 2013, the Company and government representatives reached an agreement in principle to resolve the allegations and close the investigation. Based on these discussions, the Company recorded and announced an additional charge in the amount of $33,000 in the first quarter of 2013, increasing the total reserve to resolve the matter to $48,000 (the Reserve Amount). In addition, the Company has commenced discussions regarding the scope of a potential corporate integrity agreement with the Office of Inspector General-HHS as part of the resolution, the specific terms and conditions of which remain under discussion. The Company expects to finalize and execute the corporate integrity agreement and remit the full Reserve Amount to the government in the third quarter of 2013, once the agreement has been fully documented.

The Company has agreed to the settlement in principle, without any admission of wrongdoing, in order to resolve the allegations underlying the investigation and to avoid the uncertainty and expense of protracted litigation. If the ongoing settlement discussions are successfully concluded, the Company expects that the tentative settlement will resolve the DOJ investigation which has been previously described in the Company's periodic filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The tentative settlement is subject to completion and execution of all required documentation and the final approval of the DOJ, the Office of Inspector General-HHS, and the Court; until the proposed settlement becomes final, there can be no guarantee that these matters will be resolved by the agreement in principle, the outcome remains uncertain and the amount related to the resolution of any claims connected to this pending investigation could differ materially from the Company's estimates.

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THE ENSIGN GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Concentrations

Credit Risk — The Company has significant accounts receivable balances, the collectability of which is dependent on the availability of funds from certain governmental programs, primarily Medicare and Medicaid. These receivables represent the only significant concentration of credit risk for the Company. The Company does not believe there are significant credit risks associated with these governmental programs. The Company believes that an appropriate allowance has been recorded for the possibility of these receivables proving uncollectible, and continually monitors and adjusts these allowances as necessary. The Company’s receivables from Medicare and Medicaid payor programs accounted for approximately 56.3% and 56.2% of its total accounts receivable as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. Revenue from reimbursement under the Medicare and Medicaid programs accounted for 72.7% and 72.8% of the Company’s revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, and 73.8% for both periods during the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively.

Cash in Excess of FDIC Limits — The Company currently has bank deposits with financial institutions in the U.S. that exceed FDIC insurance limits. FDIC insurance provides protection for bank deposits up to $250. In addition, the Company has uninsured bank deposits with a financial institution outside the U.S. As of August 6, 2013, the Company had approximately $1,001 in uninsured cash deposits. All uninsured bank deposits are held at high quality credit institutions.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Report. The information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is not a complete description of our business or the risks associated with an investment in our common stock. We urge you to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this Report and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including our Annual Report on Form 10-K (Annual Report), which discusses our business and related risks in greater detail, as well as subsequent reports we may file from time to time on Forms 10-Q and 8-K, for additional information. The section entitled “Risk Factors” contained in Part II, Item 1A of this Report, and similar discussions in our other SEC filings, also describe some of the important risk factors that may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and/or liquidity. You should carefully consider those risks, in addition to the other information in this Report and in our other filings with the SEC, before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock.

This Report contains "forward-looking statements," within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which include, but are not limited to the Company’s expected future financial position, results of operations, cash flows, financing plans, business strategy, budgets, capital expenditures, competitive positions, growth opportunities and plans and objectives of management. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “predicts,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “potential,” “continue,” “ongoing,” similar expressions, and variations or negatives of these words. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, our actual results could differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, some of which are listed under the section “Risk Factors” contained in Part II, Item 1A of this Report. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Report, and are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry and business, management’s beliefs, and certain assumptions made by us, all of which are subject to change. We undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statement for any reason, except as otherwise required by law. As used in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, the words, “we,” “our” and “us” refer to The Ensign Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. All of our operations, the Service Center and the Captive are operated by separate, wholly-owned, independent subsidiaries that have their own management, employees and assets. The use of “we,” “us,” “our” and similar verbiage in this quarterly report is not meant to imply that any of our facilities, the Service Center or the Captive are operated by the same entity. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Annual Report.

Overview

We are a provider of skilled nursing and rehabilitative care services through the operation of 118 facilities, nine home health and seven hospice operations as of June 30, 2013, located in Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, Utah and Washington. Our operations, each of which strives to be the service of choice in the community it serves, provide a broad spectrum of skilled nursing, assisted living, home health and hospice services, including physical, occupational and speech therapies, and other rehabilitative and healthcare services, for both long-term residents and short-stay rehabilitation patients. During the first quarter of 2012, we entered into a business to develop and operate urgent care facilities and related businesses. These walk-in clinics will offer daily access to healthcare for minor injuries and illnesses, including x-ray and lab services, all from convenient neighborhood locations with no appointments. In the fourth quarter of 2012, we acquired an 80% membership interest in a mobile x-ray and diagnostic company. The mobile x-ray and diagnostic company is a leader in providing mobile diagnostic services, including digital x-ray, ultrasound, electrocardiograms, ankle-brachial index, and phlebotomy services to people in their homes or at long-term care facilities. As of June 30, 2013, we owned 95 of our 118 facilities and operated an additional 23 facilities under long-term lease arrangements, and had options to purchase two of those 23 facilities.

The following table summarizes our facilities and operational skilled nursing, assisted living and independent living beds by ownership status as of June 30, 2013:



	Owned		Leased (with a Purchase Option)		Leased (without a Purchase Option)		Total
Number of facilities	95		2		21		118
Percent of total	80.5	%	1.7	%	17.8	%	100.0	%
Operational skilled nursing, assisted living and independent living beds	10,374		414		2,347		13,135
Percent of total	79.0	%	3.1	%	17.9	%	100.0	%

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The Ensign Group, Inc. is a holding company with no direct operating assets, employees or revenues. All of our skilled nursing, assisted living and home health and hospice operations are operated by separate, wholly-owned, independent subsidiaries, which have their own management, employees and assets. In addition, one of our wholly-owned independent subsidiaries, which we call our Service Center, provides centralized accounting, payroll, human resources, information technology, legal, risk management and other services to each operating subsidiary through contractual relationships between such subsidiaries. In addition, we have the Captive that provides some claims-made coverage to our operating subsidiaries for general and professional liability, as well as for certain workers’ compensation insurance liabilities. References herein to the consolidated “Company” and “its” assets and activities, as well as the use of the terms “we,” “us,” “our” and similar verbiage in this quarterly report is not meant to imply that The Ensign Group, Inc. has direct operating assets, employees or revenue, or that any of the facilities, the Service Center or the Captive are operated by the same entity.

Facility Acquisition History



	December 31,								June 30,
	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
Cumulative number of facilities	46	57	61	63	77	82	102	108	118
Cumulative number of operational skilled nursing, assisted living and independent living beds	5,585	6,667	7,105	7,324	8,948	9,539	11,702	12,198	13,135

The following table sets forth the location of our facilities and the number of operational beds located at our facilities as of June 30, 2013:



	CA	AZ	TX	UT	CO	WA	ID	NV	NE	IA	Total
Number of facilities	36	13	27	12	6	5	6	3	5	5	118
Operational skilled nursing, assisted living and independent living beds	3,973	1,902	3,353	1,413