aerogrow-10k33109.htm
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
FORM
10-K
x
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ANNUAL
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
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For
the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009
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or
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o
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TRANSITION
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
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For
the transition period from to
(Commission File
No.) 001-33531
AEROGROW
INTERNATIONAL, INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada
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46-0510685
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(State
or other jurisdiction of incorporation
or organization)
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(I.R.S.
Employer Identification
No.)
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6075
Longbow Drive, Suite 200
Boulder,
Colorado 80301
(303) 444-7755
(Address,
including zip code and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's of
principal executive office)
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title
of each class:
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Name
of each exchange on which registered:
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Common
Stock, par value $0.001 per share
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OTC
Bulletin Board
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Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No
ý
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No ý
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on
its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be
submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit
and post such files). Yes o No o
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of the Form 10-K or
any amendment to the Form 10-K. o .
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See
definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," and "smaller
reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
one):
Large
accelerated filer o
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Accelerated
filer o
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Non-accelerated
filer o
(Do
not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Smaller
reporting company ý
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Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý
The
aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the
registrant as of September 30, 2008 was $25,811,157. For the purpose
of the foregoing calculation only, all directors and executive officers of the
registrant and owners of more than 5% of the registrant's common stock are
assumed to be affiliates of the registrant. This determination of affiliate
status is not necessarily conclusive for any other purpose.
The
number of shares of the registrant's common stock outstanding as of June 30,
2009 is 12,425,249.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
None.
AeroGrow International Inc.
Annual
Report on Form 10-K
Year
Ended March 31, 2009
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PART I
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Page
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Item 1.
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3
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Item 1A.
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12
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Item 1B.
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17
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Item 2.
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17
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Item 3.
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17
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Item 4.
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17
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PART II
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Item 5.
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18
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Item 6.
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19
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Item 7.
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19
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Item 7A.
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33
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Item 8.
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34
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Item 9.
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34
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Item 9A.
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34
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Item 9B.
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35
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PART III
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Item 10.
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37
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Item 11.
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40
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Item 12.
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48
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Item 13.
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52
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Item 14.
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53
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PART IV
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Item 15.
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Exhibits, Financial Statement
Schedules
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55
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In
addition to historical information, this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual
Report”) for AeroGrow International, Inc. (“AeroGrow” the “Company,” “we,” “our”
or “us”) contains “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including statements that
include the words “may,” “will,” “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” or
similar expressions. These forward looking statements may include, among others,
statements concerning our expectations regarding our business, growth prospects,
revenue trends, operating costs, working capital requirements, competition,
results of operations and other statements of expectations, beliefs, future
plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends, and similar expressions
concerning matters that are not historical facts. The forward-looking statements
in this Annual Report involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other
factors that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to
differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking
statements contained herein.
Each
forward-looking statement should be read in context with, and with an
understanding of, the various disclosures concerning our business made elsewhere
in this Annual Report, as well as other public reports filed by us with the
United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Investors should not place
undue reliance on any forward-looking statement as a prediction of actual
results of developments. Except as required by applicable law or regulation, we
undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement
contained in this Annual Report.
PART
I
Our
Business
AeroGrow
is a developer, marketer, distributor, and seller of advanced indoor garden
systems, designed for consumer use and priced to appeal to the gardening,
cooking, small indoor appliance, healthy eating, and home and office décor
markets worldwide. To date, we have launched multiple lines of proprietary
indoor gardens, more than 50 corresponding proprietary seed kits, and various
cooking, gardening and décor accessories, both nationally and
internationally.
As of
March 31, 2009, we had manufactured and shipped over 795,000 AeroGarden® garden
units and 1,700,000 seed kits to consumer and retailers worldwide. We
commenced initial marketing and distribution of our products in March 2006 and
have expanded these marketing efforts to encompass broad retail distribution,
home shopping networks, catalogue, international, and direct-to-consumer sales
channels which include direct television, Internet, and our own in-house direct
mail catalogue.
Our
principal products are indoor gardens and proprietary seed kits that allow
consumers, with or without gardening experience, the ability to grow vegetables
such as tomatoes, chili peppers and salad greens, fresh herbs including
cilantro, chives, basil, dill, oregano, and mint, and flowers such as
petunias, snapdragons, pink geraniums and phlox. Consumers can also
plant and grow their own seeds using our proprietary “master gardener” kits, or
use their AeroGardens as seed starters for their outdoor gardens with our
“garden starter” trays.
Our
indoor gardens are designed to be simple, consistently successful, and
affordable. We believe that our focus on the design and features of our indoor
gardening products made them the first of their kind on the consumer
market. This conclusion was reached on the basis of market research,
review of potentially competitive products offered at all ranges of
functionality and price, and testing of products that may be considered
competitive in function although not necessarily competitive in market
orientation.
We
believe that our products allow almost anyone, from consumers who have no
gardening experience to professional gardeners, to produce year-round harvests
of a variety of herbs, vegetables, and flowers, regardless of experience,
season, weather, or availability of natural light. We believe that our indoor
gardening products’ unique and attractive designs make them appropriate for use
in almost any location, including kitchens, living areas, and
offices.
Our
indoor gardening units currently on the market retail from approximately $79 to
$229 depending on the features and components, including size, design elements,
light intensity and automated features, and are sold through different channels
matching customer needs and interests with the appropriate garden unit features
and benefits.
Corporate
History
AeroGrow
International, Inc. (“AeroGrow”) was formed as a Nevada corporation on March 25,
2002. AeroGrow merged with Wentworth I, Inc., a Delaware corporation on February
24, 2006, and AeroGrow was the surviving corporation.
After
more than three years of initial research and product development, we began
sales activities in March of 2006. Since that time, we have significantly
expanded all aspects of our operations in order to take advantage of what we
believe to be an attractive market opportunity. We have substantially
increased the depth and breadth of our distribution. At the peak of
our 2008 holiday season, AeroGarden products were selling in an estimated 10,000
retail storefronts domestically and more than a dozen countries
internationally. We have also developed direct sales channels
including web sales, direct television sales including infomercials and 60 and
120 second television commercials, and a direct mail catalogue business with
more than 4.8 million catalogues mailed in fiscal 2009. In the past
two years we have significantly expanded our product lines, now offering 11
different indoor garden models, more than 50 seed kits, and various gardening
and kitchen accessories.
Hydroponics Industry -
Background
Hydroponics
is the science of growing plants using nutrients suspended in water instead of
soil. Used commercially worldwide, hydroponics is considered an advanced and
often preferred crop production method. Hydroponics is typically used inside
greenhouses to give growers the ability to better regulate and control nutrient
delivery, light, air, water, humidity, pests, and temperature. Hydroponic
growers benefit by producing crops faster and enjoying higher crop yields per
acre than traditional soil-based growers.
Aeroponic
technology is derived from hydroponics and occurs when plant roots are suspended
in an air chamber and bathed with a nutrient solution. AeroGrow believes that
the aeroponic technology used in our indoor gardening products is a
technological advance over most hydroponic growing systems because plant roots
are partially suspended in air and allowed direct access to oxygen, while being
bathed in a highly-oxygenated, nutrient rich solution. For these
reasons, we believe the use of a well designed and maintained aeroponic system
can yield increases in growth rate and plant survival when compared to most
hydroponic or dirt-based systems.
Until the
development of our indoor gardening products, significant barriers have
prevented hydroponic or aeroponic technology from being incorporated into
mainstream, mass-marketed consumer products, including:
· Consumers
generally lack the specialized knowledge required to select, set up, operate,
and maintain the various components for a typical hydroponic or aeroponic
system, including growing trays, irrigation channels, growing media nutrient
reservoirs, and nutrient delivery systems consisting of electronic timers,
pumps, motors, tubing, and nozzles;
· Consumers
generally do not possess the specialized knowledge required to select, set up,
operate, and maintain the varied indoor lighting systems that are necessary to
grow plants indoors in the absence of adequate natural light;
· Consumers
are often unable to properly mix and measure complex hydroponic nutrient
formulas, which change depending on the plant variety and the stage of plant
growth. In addition, consumers are unable to deal with the problem of nutrient
spoilage; and
·
Federally-mandated water quality reports show that the water in many large
cities is not suitable for hydroponic or aeroponic growing and requires
treatments in order to sustain growth.
Our
research has led us to believe that these complexities have been accepted in
existing hydroponic market channels because hydroponic manufacturers have
generally focused their product development and marketing efforts on satisfying
the needs of the commercial greenhouse and dedicated hobbyist markets. These
users are motivated to gain the specialized knowledge, equipment and experience
currently required to successfully grow plants with these
products. Our research indicated that the hydroponic growing
equipment currently available in these markets is bulky, expensive and comprised
of many, often unintegrated, parts.
We
believe that the complexities of currently available commercial hydroponic
products fail to address the needs and wants of the mass consumer market,
leaving that market unserved. We further believe that our trade secrets,
patented and patent-pending inventions, and companion technologies have
simplified and improved hydroponic and aeroponic technologies and have enabled
us to create the first indoor aeroponic gardening system appropriate for the
mass consumer market.
Our
Proprietary Technology
We have
spent seven years innovating, simplifying, combining, and integrating numerous
proprietary technologies and inventions into a family of “plug and grow” indoor
gardening products and related seed kits specifically designed and priced for
the mass consumer market. We have used this technology platform to develop 11
different models of indoor gardens, each with different features and technology
groupings, priced from approximately $79 to $229. We have filed 18
patent applications in the United States and internationally to protect our
inventions, and 4 patents have been issued (1 in the United States and 3
internationally). Following is a description of our proprietary
technologies and inventions that are used in our indoor garden system and seed
kits.
Rainforest Nutrient Delivery
System. Our “rainforest” nutrient delivery system combines our
patent-pending technologies with features from several hydroponic or aeroponic
methodologies into a proprietary system that leaves plant roots suspended in an
air gap. Plant roots take oxygen directly out of the air and, in
testing of aeroponic systems by multiple different sources, including NASA Small
Business Innovation Research lettuce studies, plants grow faster as a
result.
Advanced Growing System. Our Advanced Growing
System (AGS) is available on many of our newer indoor gardening products and
combines features from our rainforest delivery system with new technologies that
deliver increased nutrient oxygenation, faster, healthier root growth, decreased
needs for consumer maintenance, and increased product
reliability. With AGS, plant roots are suspended in air in a 100%
humid aeroponic chamber and then grow into a continuously oxygenated nutrient
bath.
Pre-Seeded Bio-Grow Seed Pods.
Our proprietary bio-grow seed pods include pre-implanted, specially selected
seeds, a bio-sponge growing medium, removable bio-dome covers, and a grow basket
to assist with the proper distribution of moisture. In development, attention
was paid to delivering optimal amounts of nutrient, oxygen and moisture to seeds
to maximize germination and survival rates.
Microprocessor-Based Control Panel
and Nutrient Cycle Delivery System. Microprocessor-based control panels
can include automated grow lights to ensure that plants receive proper lighting
and nutrient and water reminder systems that alert consumers to add water and
nutrients when needed. In addition, several systems allow consumers
to select from multiple plant types (for example, lettuce, herbs, tomatoes, or
flowers) and the system then automatically adjusts and optimizes the nutrient,
water and lighting cycles based on the plant variety selected. In
addition, some systems take into account stage of growth of the specific plants
when optimizing these factors.
Custom Nutrient Tablets and Automatic
pH Adjustment. We have developed time-release nutrient tablets designed
specifically to deliver the proper nutrients to the plants, while offering
consumers a user-friendly nutrient system. Plant specific nutrients are included
with each seed kit, and consumers simply add them when instructed by the
microprocessor-based nutrient reminder. The nutrient tablets eliminate the need
for measuring and mixing multi-part nutrient formulas and storing various
nutrients in separate containers. Also formulated into the nutrient tablets is a
proprietary buffer that automatically adjusts tap water from around the country
to the right pH ranges for plant growth. Without this adjustment, tap
water from many areas in the country will severely limit, or inhibit, plant
growth in most aeroponic and hydroponic systems.
Integrated and Automated Lighting
System. Hydroponic systems typically do not incorporate built-in lighting
systems. Our indoor gardening products include built-in adjustable grow lights
with ballast, reflector hood, grow bulbs and an electronic timer. Our integrated
lighting systems include high-output compact fluorescent light bulbs that
deliver a spectrum and intensity of light designed to help optimize plant growth
without natural light. In addition, our lighting system is fully automated and
controlled by our microprocessor-based control panel described above. Variations
in lighting are a differentiator in our product lines, and we have several
gardens on the market with “twice the light and twice the height” of our initial
gardens, allowing consumers to grow larger plants such as full-sized tomatoes in
our indoor gardens, and deliver higher yields.
New Technologies in
Development. We are continually engaged in developing
incremental improvements in lights, nutrients, oxygenation, seed variety
selection, and style and design innovation that are introduced to products on an
ongoing basis.
Markets
Based on
our sales experience to date and our existing channels of distribution, and
supplemented by our own formal and informal market research consisting of
individual consumer interviews, focus groups, blog monitoring, customer
modeling, and Internet survey responses, we believe that our indoor gardening
products appeal to a broad spectrum of consumers across multiple areas of
interest. For these and other reasons, our products have gained broad
distribution through retailers and other sales channels. We believe
that our products appeal to at least four major market segments:
Gardener Market. The 2002
National Gardening Survey conducted by the National Gardening Association states
that gardening is America’s number one hobby with more than 70 million active
gardeners. Based upon this survey, there were estimated to be: 27 million
vegetable gardeners, with one out of every four households having a vegetable
garden; over 15 million fresh herb gardeners; and over 20 million flower
gardeners. We believe that our indoor gardening products and related products
offer both expert and novice gardeners several major benefits not readily
available through traditional gardening methods, including:
·
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the
ability to grow fresh herbs, lettuces, vegetables, tomatoes, and flowers
year-round, regardless of indoor light levels or seasonal weather
conditions,
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·
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the
ability to easily start plants indoors during colder months and then
transplant them outdoors at the onset of the outdoor growing
season,
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·
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the
ability to use stem cuttings to propagate multiple reproductions of the
desired plants in our indoor gardening products,
and
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·
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the
ease of growing in our indoor gardens in contrast to the toil associated
with traditional gardening, including preparing the soil, planting,
thinning, weeding, watering, and removing
pests.
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“Want-to-be” Gardener Market.
We believe that many people have an interest in gardening but lack the
knowledge, confidence, available space, equipment, or time to garden. We have
observed the following barriers that often prevent people from
gardening:
·
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gardening
requires an ongoing time
commitment,
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·
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apartment,
high-rise, and condominium dwellers often lack the land needed for a
traditional garden,
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·
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gardening
requires physical work, which can be a significant barrier to people with
limited mobility or health issues,
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·
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buying
the necessary equipment to garden can be expensive,
and
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·
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gardening
requires knowledge and expertise.
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We
believe that our indoor gardening products overcome many of these barriers and
provide a simple, convenient way for many current non-gardeners to begin to
garden.
Kitchen Products and Small Appliances
Market. Many Americans enjoy cooking as a hobby Consumers in this market
include:
·
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people
interested in cooking who would appreciate the convenience and
satisfaction of having a readily available supply of fresh-cut herbs to
flavor soups, salads, and other
dishes,
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·
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people
who prefer the distinctive texture and taste of freshly picked,
vine-ripened tomatoes, basil, lettuces, and other vegetables over days-old
supermarket produce, and
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·
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people
interested in healthy, pesticide-free foods for themselves and their
families, reflecting both the rapidly growing interest in naturally and
organically grown foods and the increasing number of people who, for
health or weight concerns, include salads and fresh vegetables as part of
their families’ diets.
|
We
believe that our indoor gardening products are embraced in this market by people
who understand the value of having an ongoing supply of fresh herbs and fresh
produce throughout the year.
Office and Home Decor Market.
Flowers are frequently used to brighten homes and offices around the world. It
is difficult to readily grow flowers indoors due to a lack of sufficient light
and growing knowledge. As a result, people often use cut flowers, which are
expensive, short-lived, and require ongoing maintenance. Our indoor gardening
products enable colorful and fragrant flowers to be easily grown indoors
year-round. Flowers grown with our indoor gardening products will last for
months with minimal care and maintenance. Flowers can be grown in a wide variety
of indoor locations, including kitchen and bathroom countertops, living rooms,
bedrooms, family rooms, offices, work stations, waiting rooms, and
lobbies.
Products
AeroGarden Indoor
Gardens. We currently offer 11 different indoor garden models
priced from approximately $79 to $229 and differentiated based on size, design,
light intensity, degree of automation, inclusion of Adaptive Growth Technology
or Advanced Growing Systems, height potential of light hoods, and inclusions of
plant support systems.
Currently,
our product lines are divided into four main categories:
1.
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AeroGarden Classic 7-Pod
Series. Our first products launched feature the
rainforest nutrient delivery system and automated lights and reminder
systems. Retail price $149.
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2.
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AeroGarden Pro
Series. Seven pod garden configuration with degrees of
upgraded, stainless steel trim, Adaptive Growth Software, more lumens of
light output, and extended lamp arms for growing larger
vegetables. Retail price $169 to
$229.
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3.
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AeroGarden 6
Series. Features the Advanced Growing System, improved
grow lights, and an innovative design that delivers increased outputs
(relative to our classic 7-pod systems). Some include a space
saving configuration with a 30% smaller footprint to fit more easily on
countertops and in corners for apartments, condos, and smaller kitchens.
Other models include upgraded trim and extended growing arms and lumen
output for growing larger plants. Retail price $129 to
$199.
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4.
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AeroGarden3 Series – The
AeroGarden3 series features the Advanced Growing System, improved grow
lights, a smaller footprint, and an attractive, stylish design that makes
it suitable for use as a decorative feature throughout the home or
office. AeroGarden 3’s fit easily on kitchen counters, night
stands, and end tables. Some models include upgraded trim and new finish
designs such as the “Ladybug” garden targeted at all-family
usage. Retail price $79 to
$109.
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AeroGarden Seed
Kits. We currently offer more than 50 seed kits for use in our
indoor gardening products. These seed kits include pre-seeded bio-grow seed pods
and a three-to-six-month supply of nutrients, including our proprietary formula
for adjusting water quality. Our seed kits retail at prices ranging from $14.99
to $24.99, and include kits like:
· Vegetable
Gardens: cherry tomato, chili pepper, green beans, salsa
garden.
· Herb
Gardens: gourmet herbs, Italian herbs, pesto basil.
· Flower
Gardens: cascading petunias, English cottage, scented blooms,
mountain meadow.
· Salad
Gardens: salad greens, romaine lettuce.
Our seed
kits are sold to consumers for use with our indoor gardening
products. Individual seed kits are grown by consumers for three to
six months and then new seed kits may be purchased for replanting.
AeroGarden Seed-Starting
Kits. Developed for more experienced gardeners, our line of
Seed Starting Trays and Master Gardner Kits are designed to allow consumers to
plant and grow their own seeds in the AeroGarden. With our Seed
Starter Trays, consumers can start up to 70 seedlings in our indoor gardens for
transplant into their outdoor gardens when weather allows. With the
Master Gardener Kit, consumers can grow their own seeds to maturity in the
AeroGarden, or transplant seeds outdoors when weather allows.
Other
Accessories. To complement and expand the functionality of our
indoor gardening products, we have developed a variety of accessory products
including cookbooks and cooking accessories. We also offer multiple
wall brackets and other shelving and support systems, which can hold multiple
indoor gardens at the same time. We also offer the Herb ‘n Serve, a
battery-operated herb blender and salad dressing maker, and the Herb ‘n Ice, an
easy-to-use fresh herb storage device.
Future
Products. Our core technology platform can be leveraged by
bundling different components into new products with a wide variety of features
and price points that then can be sold through a variety of retail and direct
channels for use in different settings around the home or
office. Examples include a desk garden series, a professional
system for larger plants and vegetables, patio and deck gardens, home décor and
air freshening gardens, and additional seed kits and accessories.
For the fiscal years ending March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we invested
$2,146,493, 2,605,112 and $2,113,255, respectively, in research and development
activities. As a result, we have a strong backlog of new product
innovations in the pipeline and are waiting for ideal timing for launch in terms
of market opportunity, marketing and capitalization. In calendar
2009, we plan to introduce a six-pod configuration ”Veggie Pro” model, for
growing full-sized vegetables with our AGS technology, and a variety of new seed
kits and accessory items.
Integrated Marketing and Sales Channel
Strategy
We
consider our products to be an entirely new product category. A primary
objective since launch has been to maximize the exposure of the product and
educate consumers on the benefits of indoor gardening through an integrated
marketing and distribution strategy. We launched with a nationwide
public relations campaign during the first quarter of 2006, and have since
received extensive media exposure, with multiple features on national talk shows
as well local television features, local and national print articles and blog
and Internet pieces. We combined the public relations launch with a
retail and direct strategy focusing on high visibility partners and media,
including product sales through mass retail chains, national cataloguers, home
shopping channels, direct television commercials, our own in-house direct
response catalogue and inbound and outbound telemarketing.
Retail Sales. Initial
shipments to retail launch partners, including Sur La Table, Frontgate, and
others commenced in March 2006. By December 2006, our products were
distributed through more than 750 retailers, including catalogers like Skymall,
Brookstone and Herrington, and web merchants like Amazon.com. In 2007
we expanded into Linen’s n Things, Bed, Bath & Beyond, Sears, Macy’s and
JCPenney, and had successful tests at Target and other large
chains. This grew our retail distribution to 4,300 retailers by
December 2007, and by March 31, 2008, we had expanded to 5,100. Continued
rollout into large retailers like Kmart, Costco, Sam’s, Target, and Kohls pushed
retail distribution to a high of more than 9,000 stores by the end of the 2008
holiday season, much of that on an “in and out” seasonal basis. As of
March 31, 2009, our products were being sold in approximately 7,500 retail
storefronts. We expect that the number of retailers carrying the
AeroGarden line will decrease somewhat during the 2009 holiday season relative
to the 2008 holiday season as some retailers rethink their strategies in the
face of the prolonged economic downturn and as we focus our attention and
resources to maximize sales through our primary retailers. For the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, approximately 61% of our net sales were to
retailer customers and approximately 50% of our total sales to retailers
represented sales to five retailer customers. One of our retailer
customers represented 10% of our total net sales for the fiscal year ended March
31, 2009. Long-term, we believe that our indoor gardening products
present opportunities in up to 15 different retail channels, including culinary,
department stores, mass, clubs, specialty, home centers, lawn and garden,
hardware, office, drugstores, gift shops, grocery, toy, schools/education, and
hydroponic.
Direct Sales. In the fall of
2006 we launched an infomercial advertising campaign, which began with 30 minute
programming and has since been supplemented with 60-second and 120-second
television commercials. In 2008 we created new 60-second and 120-second
commercials highlighting our new products, and in 2009 we’re planning direct
response TV advertisements for our 3 pod and 6 pod lines. Overall
spending on TV advertising has decreased as a percentage of the overall
marketing budget in the most recent year as we have focused on more profitable
and efficient media spending.
In June
of 2007 we produced and began mailing our own in-house, direct mail product
catalogue, which tested successfully with a mailing of approximately 60,000
catalogues. In fiscal 2009 we mailed more than 4.8 million
catalogues. With our catalogue sales we focus on remarketing to
current customers and also prospecting for new customer acquisition using
database marketing techniques.
We
established our first consumer product website in the fall of 2006 and in late
2007 supplemented this with search engine advertising, banner advertising, email
campaigns and web affiliate programs. In the fall of 2008 we took on
in-house management of many of these programs from third-party providers and
have seen resulting increases in profitability and efficiency. A key
focus of our web and catalogue marketing will continue to be repeat sales of our
seed kits, light bulbs and accessories to our existing customers, and focusing
on building and maximizing the lifetime value of our AeroGarden
customers.
International Sales. We began
testing international sales opportunities in the UK and Japan in late 2007, and
have since expanded internationally into Australia, South Korea, Mexico, France
and several other countries. International expansion in 2009 will
likely focus on gaining broader distribution in existing markets, while
incrementally expanding into new areas as resources allow.
Competition
Aeroponic
and hydroponic technologies have historically been limited to ardent hobbyists
and commercial growing facilities. We believe that we are the first
company to develop and offer a simple soil-less indoor growing system for the
mass consumer market.
Typical
hydroponic manufacturers offer a range of equipment and accessories through
distributors or small independent “hydro-shops” in a trade-oriented manner
similar to plumbing or electrical suppliers. Purchasers typically mix and match
equipment from various suppliers in an “a la carte” fashion to individually
customize a large system that they then assemble on their
premises. We believe that these products are substantially more
expensive than our products.
We
believe that our simplified and complete indoor gardening products and current
and planned methods of distribution offer significant benefits from these
traditional hydroponic industry practices. To date, we have
discovered a kitchen design firm that has tried to introduce an indoor growing
system into the market, to what appears to be very limited
success. In our in-house laboratory tests, these systems have
performed at levels far below our own systems in terms of germination success,
longevity, speed-of-growth and overall yields.
However,
we recognize that a large market exists for products like ours and that there
are other companies that are better funded and have greater experience in
producing hydroponic products in commercial markets, or that are successful in
manufacturing or selling consumer product or soil-based gardening
products.
Manufacturing
We
manufacture our products using contract manufacturing sources, which are
supervised by our internal engineering and manufacturing teams. Our seed kits
are currently produced and assembled in our facilities in Indianapolis,
Indiana.
We
currently have primary main suppliers of our different indoor garden models in
China, and multiple, dual sourced manufacturers of our many component parts and
accessories. Our first garden manufacturer was Mingkeda
Industries Co, Ltd. (“Mingkeda”) a Chinese company capable of producing 20,000
gardens per month. Our second manufacturer was Main Power Electrical
Factory Ltd. (“Main Power”), which began shipping products during the first
calendar quarter of 2007. Production capacity at Main Power is
estimated to be 100,000 units per month. Our third manufacturer,
Kayue Electric Company Limited, started producing gardens in June 2007, and has
a production capacity of 20,000 units per month. Capacity expansion
is available through all manufacturers in a reasonable period of time with a
nominal tooling investment.
In
July 2008 we opened a company-owned distribution center in Indianapolis,
Indiana. We also produce and assemble our seed kits in this
facility. Indoor gardening products are shipped from China either to our primary
fulfillment center in Indianapolis, or to third-party fulfillment centers in
Chino, California and in countries outside the United States.
Product
Returns and Warranties
To
date, product returns have been within our expectations for both retail and
direct-to-consumer sales. At retail, we utilize a “Destroy in Field”
methodology for certain customers as the cost of shipping the return, if used,
does not justify the value of the recovered unit. In certain cases, customers
are provided a fixed allowance, usually in the 1% to 2% range, to cover returned
goods, which allowance is deducted from payments from such
customers. To our knowledge, our retailers are satisfied with this
arrangement. Our manufacturers will provide us with
replacement parts at no charge for products which are deemed defective due to
materials or manufacturing complications. We record warranty liabilities at the
time of sale for the estimated costs that may be incurred under our basic
warranty program. The specific warranty terms and conditions vary depending upon
the product sold but generally include technical support, repair parts, and
labor for periods up to one year. Factors that affect our warranty liability
include the number of installed units currently under warranty, historical and
anticipated rates of warranty claims on those units, and cost per claim to
satisfy our warranty obligation.
Intellectual
Property
As of
March 31, 2009, we had filed 13 patent applications in the United States and 4
patent applications internationally to protect our inventions, and of these, 1
United States and 3 international patents had issued. Subsequently we
filed 1 additional patent application in the United States, for a total of 14
patent applications covering our technologies in the United States. Following
are descriptions of our pending patent applications and issued patents related
to technologies that are used in our indoor garden systems and seed
kits:
United
States
●
|
devices
and methods for growing plants, RAIN (rain-aerated ionized nutrient)
system technology, which hyper-oxygenates and ionizes plant roots in 7-pod
garden systems, filed in March 2005, application serial number 10/528,110,
and responded to examiner’s second action with allowable subject
matter,
|
●
|
methods
for growing plants using seed germination pods, filed in April 2005,
application serial number 11/112,269, and responded to examiner’s fifth
action,
|
●
|
indoor
gardening appliance, filed in August 2005, application serial number
29/235,880, design of AeroGarden 6 and 7-Pod gardens, and issued as design
patent number D586,688 in February
2009,
|
●
|
pH
buffered plant nutrient compositions and methods for growing plants, filed
in December 2005, application serial number 11/321,023, and responding to
examiner’s first action,
|
●
|
smart
garden devices and methods for hydroponic gardens, filed in June 2006,
application serial number 11/455,364, and responded to examiner’s first
action,
|
●
|
devices
and methods for growing plants, filed in January 2007, application serial
number 11/653,121, and responded to examiner’s first
action,
|
●
|
systems
and methods for controlling liquid delivery and distribution to plants,
filed January 2007, application serial number
11/654,164,
|
● |
indoor gardening
appliance, design of 3-pod gardens, filed in October 2007, application
serial number
29/292,564, and responding to first examiner’s action with allowable
subject matter,
|
● |
indoor gardening
appliance, design of 6-pod gardens, filed in November 2007, application
serial number
29/293,343, and responded to examiner’s first action with allowable
subject matter,
|
●
|
devices
and methods for growing plants by measuring liquid or nutrient usage rate,
the adaptive growth learning technologies, filed in December 2007,
application serial number
12/002,543,
|
●
|
devices
and methods for growing plants, RAIN (rain-aerated ionized nutrient)
system technology, which hyper-oxygenates and ionizes plant roots in 7-pod
garden systems, filed in March 2008, application serial number
12/073,984,
|
●
|
methods
for growing plants using seed germination pods, filed in March 2008,
application serial number
12/073,985,
|
● |
devices and methods
for growing plants, directed to liquid, oxygen, and light delivery systems
in 3-Pod
and 6-Pod garden systems, filed October 2008, application serial number
12/261,821, and
|
● |
indoor
gardening appliance and task light, design for a garden for a desk or side
table, filed May 2009,
application serial number not yet
assigned.
|
International
● |
indoor gardening appliance,
design of 3-pod gardens, filed in April 2008, European Community covering
35 countries, issued in September 2008, serial number
000918842,
|
● |
indoor gardening appliance,
design of 6-pod gardens, filed in May 2008, European Community covering
35 countries, issued in December 2008, serial numbers 000935366-0001,
-0002, -0003, -0004,
-0005, and -0006,
|
● |
indoor gardening appliance,
design of 6-pod gardens, filed in May 2008, Japan, issued in November
2008, serial number 1345980,
and
|
● |
indoor gardening appliance,
design of 6-pod gardens, filed in May 2008, Korea, serial number 30-20080020737,
responding to examiner’s first
action.
|
We believe that the technology covered by these patent
applications does not infringe on issued patents owned by others. We believe
that if we fail to receive patents for any one of these patent applications, our
operations will not be materially, adversely affected. We believe that failure
to obtain patents, however, will make it easier for competitors to bring
competitive products to market. If such competitive products performed better
and/or were marketed by companies with greater financial and distribution
resources than us, such competitive products may adversely affect our
operations. In addition to the patents being sought, we maintain critical
information about our products as trade secrets. The inventions under the patent
applications have not been granted patents, and there can be no assurance that
patents will be granted.
We have
filed 39 trademark applications in the United States, 26 of which have
registered and 8 of which have been allowed; and 5 trademark applications
designating 33 countries, 27 of which have registered; which we intend to
prosecute to protect our products and brand equity. The applications are
for:
Registered
●
|
AeroGarden,
filed in 31 countries under the Madrid Protocol in June 2006, application
serial number A0005030, and received a general statement of grant of
protection; received notices that protected in 25 countries: European
Community, Australia, Norway, Japan, and Korea; pending in 6
countries,
|
●
|
AeroGarden, registered in Mexico in March 2007,
registration number 977468, |
●
|
AeroGarden,
registered in Canada in August 2007, registration number
TMA693,363,
|
●
|
AeroGarden
registered for 7-pod gardens in June 2007, registration number
3,252,527,
|
●
|
AeroGarden,
registered for printed material in October 2007, registration number
3,311,054,
|
●
|
AeroGarden,
registered for smart garden control panels and DVDs in October 2007,
registration number 3,311,062,
|
●
|
AeroGarden,
registered in stylized form in October 2007, registration number
3,322,684,
|
●
|
AeroGarden,
for toys, registered in January 2009, registration number
3,568,085,
|
●
|
Herb
‘n Serve, registered in January 2008, registration number
3,376,411,
|
●
|
Chef
in a Box, registered in January 2008, registration number
3,373,707,
|
●
|
Sweet
Rubies, registered in January 2008, registration number
3,370,002,
|
●
|
Wall
Farm, registered in February 2008, registration number
3,389,624,
|
●
|
Wall
Garden, registered in February 2008, registration number 3,389,625,
and
|
●
|
Ultimate
Kitchen Gardener registered in March 2008, registration number
3,392,651;
|
●
|
AeroGrow,
registered in April 2008, registration number
3,412,797,
|
●
|
Bio-Dome,
registered in October 2008, registration number
3,525,830,
|
●
|
Farmer’s
Market Fresh, registered in June 2008, registration number
3,455,606,
|
●
|
Herb
Appeal, registered in October 2008, registration number
3,524,683,
|
●
|
Plug
& Grow, registered in January 2009, registration number
3,565,083,
|
●
|
Veg-e-Garden,
registered in April 2008, registration number
3,413,666,
|
●
|
Florist
in a Box, registered in January 2009, registration number
3,568,213,
|
●
|
Herb
It Up, registered in March 2009, registration number
3,592,160
|
●
|
Florist
in a Box logo, registered in February 2009, registration number
3,573,607,
|
●
|
Chef
in a Box logo, registered in February 2009, registration number
3,573,608,
|
●
|
English
Cottage, registered in March 2009, registration number
3,592,303,
|
●
|
Splash
of Color, registered in March 2009, registration number
3,592,304,
|
●
|
Mountain
Meadow, registered in November 2008, registration number
3,528,760,
|
●
|
Advanced
Growing System logo, registered in November 2008, registration number
3,522,253, and
|
●
|
Herb
‘n Ice, registered in February 2009, registration number
3,570,754.
|
Pending
●
|
AeroGarden,
filed in July 2007, application serial number 77229682, and
allowed,
|
●
|
Plant
Pillow, filed in April 2008, application serial number 77440754, and
allowed,
|
●
|
Patioponics,
filed in May 2008, application serial number 77464412, and
allowed,
|
●
|
SleepGarden,
filed in May 2008, application serial number 77478932, and
allowed,
|
●
|
Herb
‘n Save, filed in August 2008, application serial number 77550915, and
allowed,
|
●
|
FreshAir,
filed in August 2008, application serial number
77550941,
|
●
|
Gift
That Keeps On Growing, filed in August 2008, application serial number
77550953, and allowed,
|
●
|
365
Sun/Snowflake Logo, filed in August 2008, application serial number, and
allowed,
|
●
|
AeroGarden
Antics, filed in September 2008, application serial number
77573358,
|
●
|
Greenspace,
filed in October 2008, application serial number 77584019, and
allowed,
|
●
|
VeggiePro,
filed in January 2009, application serial number
77651442,
|
●
|
Grow
Anything, Anytime, Anywhere, filed in January 2009, application serial
number 77655735, and
|
●
|
AeroFood,
filed in April 2009, application serial number
77720608.
|
Each of
our employees, independent contractors, interns, and consultants has executed
assignment of rights to intellectual property agreements and nondisclosure
agreements. The assignment of application rights to intellectual property
agreements grant us the right to own inventions and related patents which may be
granted in the United States and throughout the world. The nondisclosure
agreements generally provide that these people will not disclose our
confidential information to any other person without our prior written consent.
We have also obtained, both domestically and internationally, domain names for
AeroGrow.com, AeroGarden.com, AeroGarden.net, AeroGarden.tv, AeroGarden.biz, and
Getthegarden.com, among others.
Governmental
Regulation and Certification
We
believe that we are complying with United States regulations concerning the
shipping and labeling of seeds and nutrients. Currently, the components for the
indoor garden system are UL and/or ETL certified. These certifications confirm
that the products have been tested and conform to a recognized level of fire and
other safety standards for consumers. Such independent third party certification
is required for sales of products through many major retailers.
We believe that our costs of compliance with environmental laws will not be
material.
Personnel
As of
March 31, 2009, AeroGrow employed 66 employees with 65 full-time and 1
part-time. Subsequent to March 31, 2009, we initiated further staff
reductions and, as of June 15, 2009, we employed 58 employees, with 53 full-time
and 5 part-time. In addition, we contract the services of part-time and
project consultants on an “as needed” basis. We believe that our employee
relations are good. Our outsourced business includes (but is not limited to)
manufacturing, some telemarketing, infomercial production, and some fulfillment
and shipping. Additional employees and/or consultants will be hired in the
future as our operations grow.
Our
business, future performance and forward-looking statements are affected by
general industry and market conditions and growth rates, general U.S. and
non-U.S. economic and political conditions (including the global economy),
competition, interest rate and currency exchange rate fluctuations and other
events. The following items are representative of the risks, uncertainties and
other conditions that may impact our business, future performance and the
forward-looking statements that we make in this report or that we may make in
the future.
Risks
Related to our Business, Products and Markets
We
will likely need additional capital to fund our future operations and we may not
be able to obtain the amount of capital required, particularly when the credit
and capital markets are unstable.
On June
30, 2009, we issued $6,250,341in Series A Convertible Preferred stock to address
our immediate short-term liquidity needs, fund prior operating losses and
provide capital to support business operations. In addition, during
June 2009 we converted certain accounts payable totaling approximately $1.4
million to long-term debt, amended our working capital financing agreement and
negotiated concessions with certain of our accounts payable creditors with
regard to payment timing and amounts due. (See Item 9b. Other
Information, Liquidity and Capital Resources, and Note 11 – Subsequent Events in
the accompanying Financial Statements for additional details.)
We will
likely require additional capital to support our future growth and cover
operational expenses as we expand the scale of our operations. It is
possible that none of our outstanding warrants and options will be exercised and
we will therefore not receive additional capital from these
sources. We currently rely upon our senior secured revolving credit
facility to support our operations. It is possible that our access to
funding from this facility could be curtailed. We may need to issue
equity, debt, or securities convertible into equity, which could dilute the
current stock ownership in AeroGrow. If we are unable to raise
additional capital, or cannot raise capital on acceptable terms, we may not have
sufficient capital to operate our business as planned and would have to modify
our business plan or curtail some or all of our operations.
Because
we have a limited operating history, we may not be able to successfully manage
our business or achieve profitability.
We have a
limited operating history upon which to base an evaluation of our prospects and
the potential value of our common stock. Since commencing operations
in 2002, we have not achieved profitability in any of our fiscal year
periods. We are confronted with the risks inherent in an early stage
company, including difficulties and delays in connection with the production and
sales of our indoor garden systems, reliance on a small number of products and
manufacturers, operational difficulties, and difficulty in estimating future
sales, production requirements and costs, and administrative
costs. If we cannot successfully manage our business, we may not be
able to generate future profits and may not be able to support our
operations. It is possible that we will incur additional expenses and
losses in the further implementation of our business plan. We may not
be able to improve operations and therefore may not become
profitable.
We
have incurred substantial losses since inception and may never achieve
profitability.
Since we
commenced operations in 2002, and through March 31, 2009, we incurred
substantial losses, including a net loss of $10,313,514 for the most recent
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2009, our losses
have resulted in an accumulated deficit of $49,941,597. The future
success of our business will depend on our ability to profitably expand sales
and distribution of our AeroGarden indoor garden systems, seed kits and
accessory products to consumers, and develop new product extensions and
applications.
We are
subject to many of the risks common to developing enterprises, including
undercapitalization, cash shortages, limitations with respect to financial and
other resources, and insufficient revenue to be self-sustaining. There is no
assurance that we will ever attain profitability.
A
worsening of the United States economy could materially adversely affect our
business.
The
success of our business operations depends significantly on consumer confidence
and spending, which have deteriorated as a result of the worldwide economic
downturn. This economic downturn and decrease in consumer spending
may adversely impact our revenue, ability to market our products, build customer
loyalty, or otherwise implement our business strategy. If the current
economic situation persists, or deteriorates significantly, our business could
be negatively impacted.
Our
sales to retailer customers are highly concentrated in a small number of major
retail chains in the United States and Canada. The loss of one or
more of these customers could have a material adverse impact on our
business.
In the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009, approximately 61% of our net sales were to retailer
customers. Of these sales, 50% represented sales to the top five
retailer customers. The loss of one or more of these customers, or a
significant decline in orders from one or more of these retailers could
materially affect our sales of indoor garden systems, seed kits and accessories,
and therefore have a material adverse impact on our business and our financial
results.
A
significant portion of our sales are to retailers, many of which have been
adversely impacted by the deterioration in economic conditions and the
consequent impact on consumer spending.
In the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009, approximately 61% of our net sales were to retailer
customers. Our business plan anticipates continued sales through this
distribution channel. Uncertainty about the current and future global
economic conditions may cause consumers and retailers to defer purchases or
cancel purchase orders for our products in response to tighter credit, decreased
cash availability and declining consumer confidence. In the event
that certain retailers are adversely impacted by the current economic downturn,
re-structure their business operations to reduce costs and capital investment,
or choose to reduce the breadth of their product offering, our sales could be
adversely affected.
Our
future depends on the success of our indoor garden systems, seed kits and
accessory products. To date we have penetrated only a small portion of the
potential market for our products. We therefore do not know if our
indoor garden systems, seed kits and accessory products will generate consumer
acceptance on a broader scale.
We have
introduced our indoor garden systems and seed kits as new products to consumer
markets unfamiliar with their use and benefits. We cannot be certain
that our products will continue to generate and expand the consumer acceptance
we have observed to date. If consumers do not purchase our products in
sufficient numbers, we will not be profitable.
If
we are unable to recruit, train and retain key personnel necessary to operate
our business, our ability to successfully manage our business and develop and
market our products may be harmed.
To expand our business we will need to attract, retain, and motivate
highly skilled design, development, management, accounting, sales,
merchandising, marketing, and customer service personnel. Competition
for many of these types of personnel can be intense, depending on general
economic conditions, alternative employment options, and job
location. As a result, we may be unable to successfully attract or
retain qualified personnel. Additionally, any of our officers or employees can
terminate their employment with us at any time. The loss of any key employee, or
our inability to attract or retain other qualified employees, could harm our
business and results of operations.
As
a result of the economic downturn, decline in consumer spending and the
consequent impact on the sales of our products, we restructured our operations
and implemented a substantial workforce reduction. These actions
could adversely impact the morale and performance of our remaining employees and
our ability to hire new personnel.
Our business was adversely impacted by
the deterioration in the global economy and the consequent impact on our various
channels of distribution. We restructured our business operations in
order to re-size our overhead costs and streamline our distribution,
fulfillment, and manufacturing operations. This resulted in a
substantial decrease in the number of our full-time employees. These
restructuring actions and headcount reductions could have unintended impacts on
our remaining employees, could lead to a decline in employee morale, and could
lead to a loss of additional personnel over and above the level
desired by the Company. In the event of such employee
attrition, we may not be able to replace the lost personnel on a timely basis,
or with individuals having the same level of skills. In either case,
our operations and our financial performance could be adversely
impacted.
Our
marketing strategies may not be successful, which would adversely affect our
future revenue and profitability.
Our
future revenue and profitability depend on the successful marketing of our
indoor garden systems. We cannot give assurance that consumers will
continue to be interested in purchasing our products. We use direct
consumer marketing, including television commercials, infomercials, catalogue,
magazine and newspaper advertising, and the Internet. In addition, we
collaborate with our retailer customers to market our products to
consumers. If our marketing strategies fail to attract customers, our
product sales will not produce future revenue sufficient to meet our operating
expenses or fund our future operations.
Our
current or future manufacturers could fail to fulfill our orders for indoor
garden systems, which would disrupt our business, increase our costs, and could
potentially cause us to lose our market.
We
currently depend on three contract manufacturers in China to produce our indoor
garden systems. These manufacturers could fail to produce the indoor garden
system to our specifications or in a workmanlike manner and may not deliver the
systems on a timely basis. Our manufacturers must also obtain inventories of the
necessary parts and tools for production. We own the tools and dies used by our
manufacturers. Our manufacturers operate in China and may be subject to business
risks that fall outside our control, including but not limited to, political,
currency, and regulatory risks, each of which may affect the manufacturer’s
ability to fulfill our orders for indoor garden systems. In addition, weather or
natural disasters in China could disrupt our supply of product. Any
change in manufacturers could disrupt our ability to fulfill orders for indoor
garden systems. Any change in manufacturers could disrupt our business due to
delays in finding a new manufacturer, providing specifications, and testing
initial production.
Our
revenue and level of business activity are highly seasonal, requiring us to
staff our operations, incur overhead and marketing costs, purchase and
manufacture inventory, and incur other operating costs in advance of having firm
customer orders for our products. A material variance in actual
orders relative to anticipated orders could have an adverse impact on our
business.
For the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009, approximately 55% of our total net sales occurred during the last four
calendar months. We must estimate sales in advance of these peak
months and operate our business during the balance of the year in such a way as
to insure that we can meet the demand for our products during the peak
months. This requires us to incur significant operating, marketing,
and overhead expenses, and to utilize cash and other capital resources to invest
in inventory in advance of having certainty as to the ultimate level of demand
for our product during the peak months. Significant variations in
actual demand for our products during the peak months relative to our forecast
could result in our sales being limited by lack of product, our not achieving a
sufficient level of sales to cover expenses incurred throughout the balance of
the year, or in our having excess inventory to liquidate at potentially lower
margins. In any of these cases, there could be a material adverse
impact on our financial performance.
We
are highly reliant upon a single company-operated distribution and manufacturing
facility. Any material disruption to the operation of this facility
could adversely affect our business.
In July
2008 we opened a company-operated distribution and fulfillment center in
Indianapolis, Indiana to supplement our existing third-party logistics
providers. Since then, our facility in Indianapolis has become our
primary distribution and fulfillment center for the United States and Canada,
with more than 75% of our shipment volume expected to be handled through this
facility in our fiscal year ending March 31, 2010. In February 2009
we re-located our seed kit manufacturing operations to the facility in
Indianapolis from its previous location in Longmont, Colorado. We now
manufacture all of our seed kits in the Indianapolis facility. Any
material disruption to the operation of this facility, whether caused by
internal or external factors, could have a material adverse impact on our
business and financial performance.
We
rely on third party providers in our manufacturing, warehouse, distribution,
order processing, and fulfillment operations. If these parties are unwilling to
continue providing services to us, or are unable to adequately perform such
services for us on a cost effective basis, our business could be materially
harmed.
We engage
third parties to perform many critical functions supporting our business
operations. Any disruption in our relationship with any of our
vendors could cause significant disruption to our business and we may not be
able to locate another party that can provide comparable services in a timely
manner or on acceptable commercial terms. In addition, no assurance
can be made that these relationships will be adequate to support our business as
we follow our business plan.
Our
intellectual property and proprietary rights give us only limited protection,
and can be expensive to defend.
Our
ability to produce and sell indoor garden systems exclusively depends in part on
securing patent protection for the components of our systems, maintaining
various trademarks, and protecting our operational trade secrets. To protect our
proprietary technology, we rely on a combination of patents pending (and if
granted, patents), trade secrets, and non-disclosure agreements, each of which
affords only limited protection. We own the rights to 18 United States and
international patent applications. However, these patent applications may not
result in issued patents and even issued patents may be challenged. We are
selling our indoor garden systems prior to receiving issued patents relating to
our patent applications. All of our intellectual property rights may be
challenged, invalidated, or circumvented. Claims for infringement may be
asserted or prosecuted against us in the future and we may not be able to
protect our patents, if any are obtained, and intellectual property rights
against others. Our former employees or consultants may violate their
non-disclosure agreements, leading to a loss of proprietary intellectual
property. We could also incur substantial costs to assert our intellectual
property or proprietary rights against others.
We
may face significant competition, and if we are unable to compete effectively,
our sales may be adversely affected.
We
believe that our complete indoor garden systems offer significant benefits over
traditional hydroponic industry products. There are companies in a
variety of related markets including but not limited to, consumer electronics,
commercial hydroponics, gardening wholesale, and soil-based gardening that are
larger, better funded, have more recognizable brand names, and have experience
in our channels of distribution. These companies could potentially
decide to develop products to compete with our products. These companies could
use hydroponic technologies, and could achieve better consumer
acceptance. The success of any competing products may adversely
impact us.
Increases
in energy prices, resulting from general economic conditions, or other factors,
may raise our cost of goods sold and adversely affect our business, results of
operations and financial condition.
Energy
costs, especially gasoline and fuel costs, are significant expenses in the
delivery of our products. Increased costs resulting from general economic
conditions, acts of nature, or other factors, may result in declining margins
and operating results if market conditions prevent us from passing these
increased costs on to our customers through timely price increases on our
products.
Our
current or future manufacturers are located in China and therefore our product
costs may be subject to fluctuations in the value of the dollar against the
Chinese currency.
Although
we purchase our AeroGarden products in U.S. dollars, the prices charged by our
factories are predicated upon their cost for components, labor and overhead.
Therefore, changes in the valuation of the U.S. dollar in relation to the
Chinese currency may cause our manufacturers to raise prices of our products
which could reduce our profit margins.
If
our indoor garden systems fail to perform properly, our business could suffer
with increased costs and reduced income.
We have
sold over 795,000 AeroGardens since our inception and have provided a limited
warranty with each garden sold. In addition, our indoor garden
systems are “guaranteed to grow.” We therefore may be required to
replace or repair products or refund the purchase price to
consumers. Failure of our products to meet expectations could damage
our reputation, decrease sales, increase costs related to returns and repairs,
delay market acceptance of our products, result in unpaid accounts receivable,
and divert our resources to remedy the malfunctions. The occurrence
of any of these events would have an adverse impact on our results of
operations.
From
time to time, we may be subject to litigation that, if decided adversely to us,
could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition.
From time
to time, we are a party to various litigation matters, in most cases involving
ordinary and routine claims incidental to our business. We cannot
estimate with certainty our ultimate legal and financial liability with respect
to any such pending litigation matters. However, we believe, based on
our examination of such matters, that our ultimate liability, if any, will not
have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations
or cash flows.
In
connection with the Linens ‘N Things (“LNT”) bankruptcy proceedings, a Complaint
to Avoid and Recover Preferential Transfers was filed by LNT in the United
States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware on April 20, 2009 (the
“Complaint”). The Complaint alleges that, pursuant to Sections 547
and 550 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, we are required to return to LNT
approximately $623,000 in “preferential” transfers allegedly made to AeroGrow
during the 90-day period preceding the filing of the LNT bankruptcy cases. The
Complaint also alleges that AeroGrow is required to pay to LNT approximately
$44,000 on account of credits allegedly earned but not redeemed by LNT prior to
the filing of the LNT bankruptcy cases. We engaged outside counsel
and filed a response to the Complaint on May 8, 2009 disputing that we have any
obligation to either return the “preferential” transfers allegedly made, or to
pay the credits allegedly earned, to LNT. As of March 31, 2009, an
estimate has been accrued in our balance sheet and consolidated statement of
operations in anticipation of the cost of defending, or settling, this
matter. We believe we have a number of strong potential defenses to
all of the claims made in the Complaint and therefore do not expect that the
resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on
us. However, we cannot at this time predict with certainty the
outcome of this matter. If the Complaint were to be decided in a
manner adverse to us, which, if it were to occur, at a minimum is not expected
to occur during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, it could materially
adversely impact our results of operations for that period in which the
Complaint is finally decided.
Risks
Related to the Market for our Securities
The
market price of our shares may fluctuate greatly. Investors in AeroGrow bear the
risk that they will not recover their investment.
Effective
as of May 4, 2009 our common stock ceased to be listed on The Nasdaq Stock
Market and is now traded on the OTC Bulletin Board. Currently,
trading in our common stock is limited, and the price per share is likely to be
influenced by the price at which and the amount of shares the selling security
holders are attempting to sell at any time. This could have the
effect of limiting the trading price or lowering the market price to the selling
security holders’ offering prices. Shares such as ours are also subject to the
activities of persons engaged in short selling securities, which generally has
the effect of driving the price down. Also, the common stock of emerging growth
companies is typically subject to high price and volume volatility. Therefore,
the price of our common stock has fluctuated, and may continue to fluctuate,
widely. A full and stable trading market for our common stock may never develop
in which event holders of such shares may not be able to sell at the time they
elect, or at all.
There
may be substantial sales of our common stock by existing security holders which
could cause the price of our stock to fall.
Future
sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market or the
perception that such sales might occur, could cause the market price of our
common stock to decline and could impair the value of an investment in our
common stock and our ability to raise equity capital in the
future.
Sales of
our common stock by security holders, or even the appearance that such holders
may make such sales, may limit the market for our common stock or depress any
trading market volume and price before other investors are able to sell the
common stock. Moreover, a number of shareholders have held their
investment for a substantial period of time and may desire to sell their shares,
which could drive down the price of our common stock.
We can issue share of preferred stock
without stockholder approval, which could adversely affect the rights of common
shareholders.
Our Articles of Incorporation allow our
Board of Directors to approve the terms and conditions of preferred stock issued
by the Company, including but not limited to voting rights, conversion
privileges and liquidation preferences, without the approval of common
shareholders. The rights of the holders of our common stock may be
adversely impacted as a result of the rights that could potentially be granted
to holders of preferred stock that we may issue in the future. In
addition, there could be an impact on the price of our common shares because of
the potential impact on the rights of common shareholders resulting from future
issuances of preferred shares.
Our
outstanding warrants, options and additional future obligations to issue our
securities to various parties, may dilute the value of an investment in AeroGrow
and may adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital.
As of
March 31, 2009, we were committed to issue up to 8,434,815 additional shares of
common stock under the terms of outstanding warrants, options and other
arrangements as detailed in Item 6. Selected Financial Data, and Item 8.
Financial Statements.
In
addition, on June 30, 2009 we issued $6,250,341 in Series A Convertible
Preferred stock giving the holders the right to convert their preferred shares
into 34,180,000 common shares of AeroGrow. The preferred shareholders
also received 3,414 warrants to purchase additional preferred shares that could
be converted into 17,070,000 shares of AeroGrow common stock. (see Liquidity and
Capital Resources and Note 11 – Subsequent Events in the accompanying Financial
Statements).
For the
length of time the warrants, options and preferred shares are outstanding, the
holders will have an opportunity to profit from a rise in the market price of
our common stock without assuming all the risks of common share ownership. This
may adversely affect the terms upon which we can obtain additional capital. The
holders of such derivative securities would likely exercise or convert them at a
time when we would be able to obtain equity capital on terms more favorable than
the exercise or conversion prices provided by the notes, warrants or
options.
Further,
future sales of substantial amounts of these shares, or the perception that such
sales might occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline
and could impair the value of an investment in our common stock and our ability
to raise equity capital in the future.
On
June 30, 2009, we issued $6,250,341 in Series A Convertible Preferred
securities. The terms and conditions of these securities could
significantly impact the price of our common shares, and could adversely impact
our ability to raise additional equity capital.
The
holders of our Series A Convertible Preferred shares (the “Preferred
Shareholders”) have the right to convert their shares and warrants into
51,250,000 common shares of AeroGrow. In addition, the Preferred
Shareholders have the right to vote their shares on an as-converted basis on all
matters voted on by common shareholders. The Preferred Shareholders
also have the right to elect three Directors of AeroGrow, voting as a separate
class. As a result of these rights, the Preferred Shareholders have
effective control over AeroGrow and its governance. In addition, the
Preferred Shareholders possess certain rights that give them preferences
relative to common shareholders in the event of a sale or liquidation of the
Company. It is possible that the Preferred Shareholders could take
actions that could adversely impact the value of investments in common shares of
the Company. In addition, the control position of the Preferred
Shareholders, as well as other anti-dilution rights held by the Preferred
Shareholders, could adversely impact our ability to raise capital in the
future. (For more detail on the Series A Convertible Preferred
securities, see Liquidity and Capital Resources and Note 11 – Subsequent Events
in the accompanying Financial Statements.)
If
an exemption from registration on which we have relied for any of our past
offerings of common stock or warrants are challenged legally, our principals may
have to spend time defending claims, and we would then risk paying expenses for
defense, rescission, and/or regulatory sanctions.
To raise
working capital, we offered common stock and warrants in private transactions
that we believed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act and
state securities laws. In 2004 we conducted a state-registered offering in
Colorado of common stock and warrants, intended to be exempt from registration
under the Securities Act as an intrastate offering. However, because we are
incorporated in Nevada, the offering did not satisfy all of the requirements for
an intrastate offering. This could result in investors or regulators asserting
that the Colorado offering and/or private offerings subsequent to the Colorado
offering (if the private offerings were integrated with the Colorado offering)
violated the Securities Act. There can be no assurance that investors or
regulators will not be successful in asserting a claim that these transactions
should not be integrated. In the event that one or more investors seeks
rescission, with resulting return of investment funds and interest at a market
rate, or that state or federal regulators seeks sanctions against us or our
principals, we would spend time and financial resources to pay expenses for
defense, rescission awards, or regulatory sanctions. The use of funds would
reduce the capital available to operate our business. No assurance can be given
regarding the outcome of any such actions.
|
UNRESOLVED
STAFF COMMENTS
|
None.
We lease
a 21,012 square foot office space in, Boulder, Colorado, with a current monthly
rent of $18,385. We also pay our proportionate share of building taxes,
insurance and operating expenses. The initial term continues until January 31,
2012, unless modified under specified circumstances. The agreement contains
other standard office lease provisions.
We
rent space in Longmont, Colorado, pursuant to a month-to-month rental
agreement. The Longmont facility temporarily houses our nutrient
tablet manufacturing operation. We currently lease approximately
2,400 square feet of space in the Longmont facility at a monthly rental rate of
$1,662 plus operating expenses.
We also
rent warehouse and manufacturing space in Indianapolis, Indiana. The
Indianapolis facility houses our distribution and fulfillment operations and our
seed kit manufacturing operations. We currently lease approximately 90,400
square feet of space in this facility at a monthly rental rate of $16,950 with
no additional operating expenses. The initial term of the lease
expires on February 28, 2011.
While our
facilities appear adequate for the foreseeable future, we may add space to meet
future growth as needed. Upon expiration of our current leases, we believe that
we will be able to either renew our existing leases or arrange new leases in
nearby locations on acceptable terms. We believe that these properties are
adequately covered by insurance.
In
connection with the Linens ‘N Things (“LNT”) bankruptcy proceedings, a Complaint
to Avoid and Recover Preferential Transfers was filed by LNT in the United
States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware on April 20, 2009 (the
“Complaint”). The Complaint alleges that, pursuant to Sections 547
and 550 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, we are required to return to LNT
approximately $623,000 in “preferential” transfers allegedly made to AeroGrow
during the 90-day period preceding the filing of the LNT bankruptcy cases. The
Complaint also alleges that AeroGrow is required to pay to LNT approximately
$44,000 on account of credits allegedly earned but not redeemed by LNT prior to
the filing of the LNT bankruptcy cases. We engaged outside counsel
and filed a response to the Complaint on May 8, 2009 disputing that we have any
obligation to either return the “preferential” transfers allegedly made, or to
pay the credits allegedly earned, to LNT. As of March 31, 2009, an
estimate has been accrued in our balance sheet and consolidated statement of
operations in anticipation of the cost of defending, or settling, this
matter. We believe we have a number of strong potential defenses to
all of the claims made in the Complaint and therefore do not expect that the
resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on
us. However, we cannot at this time predict with certainty the
outcome of this matter. If the Complaint were to be decided in a
manner adverse to us, which, if it were to occur, at a minimum is not expected
to occur during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, it could materially
adversely impact our results of operations for that period in which the
Complaint is finally decided.
From time
to time, we are also a party to various other litigation matters, in most cases
involving ordinary and routine claims incidental to our business. We
cannot estimate with certainty our ultimate legal and financial liability with
respect to any such pending litigation matters. However, we believe,
based on our examination of such matters, that our ultimate liability, if any,
will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of
operations or cash flows.
|
SUBMISSION
OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY
HOLDERS
|
On
February 5, 2009, the Company held a Special Meeting of
Stockholders. At the meeting, the stockholders present in person or
by proxy approved an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation giving our Board
of Directors the authority to designate the rights and preferences of AeroGrow’s
preferred stock.
Votes
For |
Votes
Against
|
Votes
Abstained
|
6,449,229
|
430,005
|
70,689
|
|
MARKET
FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.
|
We
began trading on the OTC Bulletin Board (the “OTCBB”) on June 9, 2009, ticker
symbol AERO, and have also been trading on the Pink Sheets Electronic OTC Market
since May 4, 2009. We traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market from June
13, 2007, to May 1, 2009, after trading on the OTCBB from January 8, 2007 to
June 12, 2007 under the ticker symbol AGWI. The following table
sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low prices of our common
stock while trading on these markets. As of June 22, 2009, we had
approximately 521 stockholders of record of our common stock. We have never
declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently expect to
retain future earnings, if any, to support operations and to finance the growth
and development of our business. We do not expect to pay cash dividends in the
foreseeable future.
|
|
Fiscal
Year Ended 3/31/09
|
|
|
Fiscal
Year Ended 3/31/08
|
|
|
Fiscal
Year Ended 3/31/07
|
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
1st
Quarter - Ended June 30
|
|
$ |
3.75 |
|
|
$ |
1.81 |
|
|
$ |
9.00 |
|
|
$ |
5.65 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
2nd
Quarter - Ended Sept 30
|
|
$ |
3.22 |
|
|
$ |
1.27 |
|
|
$ |
9.24 |
|
|
$ |
6.85 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
3rd
Quarter - Ended Dec 31
|
|
$ |
2.94 |
|
|
$ |
0.19 |
|
|
$ |
8.73 |
|
|
$ |
4.30 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
4th
Quarter - Ended Mar 31
|
|
$ |
0.40 |
|
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
|
$ |
6.75 |
|
|
$ |
2.60 |
|
|
$ |
10.00 |
|
|
$ |
5.52 |
|
COMPANY
STOCK PERFORMANCE
COMPARISON
OF CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN
Among
AeroGrow International, Inc., the Russell 2000 Index
and
the Russell Microcap Index
The
following graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return data for our
stock for the period beginning April 1, 2008 and ending on March 31, 2009 to the
cumulative return over such period of (i) The Russell 2000 Index (RUT) and (ii)
the Russell Microcap Index (IWC). The graph assumes $100 was invested on
March 31, 2008 in our Common Stock and in each of the comparative indices. Note
that the historical stock price performance on the following graph is not
necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.
Holders
of Record
As of
June 22, 2009, we had approximately 521 holders of record of our common
stock.
Dividends
We have
never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend
to retain all available funds and any future earnings for use in the operation
of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the
foreseeable future. Any future determination to declare cash dividends will be
made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to compliance with
covenants under any existing financing agreements, which may restrict or limit
our ability to declare or pay dividends, and will depend on our financial
condition, results of operations, capital requirements, general business
conditions, and other factors that our board of directors may deem
relevant.
Equity
Compensation Plan Information
Refer to
Item 11 below for information with respect to our equity compensation
plans.
Consolidated
Statements of Operations
Data
|
|
Years ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Revenues
|
|
$ |
37,449,868 |
|
|
$ |
38,356,676 |
|
|
$ |
13,144,037 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of revenue
|
|
|
23,710,787 |
|
|
|
22,975,385 |
|
|
|
8,404,507 |
|
Research
and development
|
|
|
2,146,493 |
|
|
|
2,605,112 |
|
|
|
2,113,255 |
|
Sales
and marketing
|
|
|
13,772,822 |
|
|
|
16,084,353 |
|
|
|
7,117,613 |
|
General
and administrative
|
|
|
7,043,391 |
|
|
|
6,084,728 |
|
|
|
4,050,312 |
|
Total
operating expenses
|
|
|
46,673,493 |
|
|
|
47,749,578 |
|
|
|
21,685,687 |
|
Loss
from operations
|
|
|
(9,223,625 |
) |
|
|
(9,392,902 |
) |
|
|
(8,541,650 |
) |
Other
(income) expense
|
|
|
1,089,889 |
|
|
|
443,019 |
|
|
|
1,844,801 |
|
Net
loss
|
|
$ |
(10,313,514 |
) |
|
$ |
(9,835,921 |
) |
|
$ |
(10,386,451 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
loss per share, basic and diluted
|
|
$ |
(0.82 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.84 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.09 |
) |
Weighted
average number of common
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
shares
outstanding, basic and diluted
|
|
|
12,519,999 |
|
|
|
11,662,891 |
|
|
|
9,505,926 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheet Data
|
|
March
31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
332,698 |
|
|
$ |
1,559,792 |
|
|
$ |
5,495,501 |
|
Total
assets
|
|
$ |
14,609,190 |
|
|
$ |
11,919,629 |
|
|
$ |
13,041,806 |
|
Total
liabilities
|
|
$ |
18,840,815 |
|
|
$ |
7,511,078 |
|
|
$ |
5,057,901 |
|
Total
stockholders’ equity (deficit)
|
|
$ |
(4,231,625 |
) |
|
$ |
4,408,551 |
|
|
$ |
7,983,905 |
|
|
MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
OPERATIONS
|
The
following discussion and analysis provides information which our management
believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our business,
operations, and financial condition. This discussion and analysis contains
forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions.
In addition to historical information, this Annual Report contains
“forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities
Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act, including statements that include the
words “may,” “will,” “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” or similar
expressions. These forward-looking statements may include, among others,
statements concerning our expectations regarding our business, growth prospects,
revenue trends, operating costs, working capital requirements, competition,
results of operations and other statements of expectations, beliefs, future
plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends, and similar expressions
concerning matters that are not historical facts. The forward-looking statements
in this Annual Report involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other
factors that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to
differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking
statements contained herein.
Each
forward-looking statement should be read in context with, and with an
understanding of, the various disclosures concerning our business made elsewhere
in this Annual Report, inclusive of the section entitled Risk Factors, as well
as other public reports filed by us with the SEC. Investors should not place
undue reliance on any forward-looking statement as a prediction of actual
results of developments. Except as required by applicable law or regulation, we
undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement
contained in this Annual Report.
Overview
We are in
the business of developing, marketing, and distributing advanced indoor
aeroponic garden systems. After more than three years of initial research and
product development, we began sales activities in March 2006. Since that time we
have significantly expanded all aspects of our operations in order to take
advantage of what we believe to be an attractive market
opportunity. We have substantially increased the depth and breadth of
distribution and as of March 31, 2009 sell products in over 7,500 domestic
retail storefronts and nine countries internationally. We have also
developed direct sales channels including web sales, direct television sales,
including infomercials and 60 and 120 second television commercials, and a
direct mail catalogue business with more than 4.8 million catalogues mailed in
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. In the past two years we have
significantly expanded our product lines, and now offer 11 different indoor
garden models, more than 50 seed kits, and various gardening and kitchen
accessories.
Our
Critical Accounting Policies
Inventory
Inventories
are valued at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out method,
or market. Included in inventory costs where the Company is the manufacturer are
raw materials, labor and manufacturing overhead. The Company records the raw
materials at delivered cost. Standard labor and manufacturing overhead costs are
applied to the finished goods based on normal production capacity as prescribed
under Accounting Research Bulletin (“ARB”) No. 43, Chapter 4, “Inventory
Pricing”. A majority of the Company’s products are manufactured
overseas and are recorded at cost.
|
|
March 31, 2009
|
|
|
March 31, 2008
|
|
Finished
goods
|
|
$ |
6,799,996 |
|
|
$ |
3,669,693 |
|
Raw
materials
|
|
|
1,550,139 |
|
|
|
1,018,751 |
|
|
|
$ |
8,350,135 |
|
|
$ |
4,688,444 |
|
The
Company determines an inventory obsolescence reserve based on management’s
historical experience and establishes reserves against inventory according to
the age of the product. As of March 31, 2009, the Company had
reserved $335,705 for inventory obsolescence and as of March 31, 2008 and March
31, 2007, the Company determined that no inventory obsolescence reserve was
required.
Revenue
Recognition
The
Company recognizes revenue from product sales, net of estimated returns, when
persuasive evidence of a sale exists: that is, a product is shipped under an
agreement with a customer; risk of loss and title has passed to the customer;
the fee is fixed or determinable; and collection of the resulting receivable is
reasonably assured. Accordingly, the Company did not record $0 and $577,838 of
revenue as of March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008, respectively, related to the
unpaid balance due for orders shipped in conjunction with the Company’s direct
sales to consumers because the consumer has 36 days to evaluate the product, and
is required to pay only the shipping and handling costs for such products before
making the required installment payments after the expiration of the 36-day
trial period. During the year ending March 31, 2009, the Company
discontinued offering the 36-day trail period. The Company also, as
of March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008, did not record $0 and $175,781,
respectively, of product costs associated with the foregoing revenue in as much
as the customer is required to return the product and the Company is therefore
able to recover these costs through resale of the goods. The liability for sales
returns is estimated based upon historical experience of return
levels.
Additionally,
the Company did not record $46,131 and $69,339 of revenue as of March 31, 2009
and March 31, 2008, respectively, related to the wholesale sales value of
inventory held by its retail shopping channel customers as these sales are
contingent upon the shopping channels selling the goods. Deferred payments for
these goods are charged to Customer Deposits. The Company has also deferred, as
of March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008, recognition of $21,336, and $33,937 of
product and freight costs associated with these sales, which have been included
in inventory.
The
Company records estimated reductions to revenue for customer and distributor
programs and incentive offerings, including promotions and other volume-based
incentives. Certain incentive programs require the Company to estimate based on
industry experience the number of customers who will actually redeem the
incentive. At March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008, the Company had accrued
$431,148 and $226,729 respectively, as its estimate for the foregoing deductions
and allowances. In addition, for the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009, the Company had accrued $2,077,622 for possible returns or price markdowns
associated with several large retailer accounts. These accruals were
recorded as a reduction of sales, and an increase in allowance for bad debt,
which reduced net trade receivables relating to retailers.
Warranty and Return
Reserves
The
Company records warranty liabilities at the time of sale for the estimated costs
that may be incurred under its basic warranty program. The specific warranty
terms and conditions vary depending upon the product sold but generally include
technical support, repair parts and labor for periods up to one year. Factors
that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of installed
units currently under warranty, historical and anticipated rates of warranty
claims on those units, and cost per claim to satisfy the Company’s warranty
obligation. The manufacturers of the Company’s products provide
replacement parts for any defective components free of charge up to 2% of the
total units purchased. Based upon the foregoing, the Company has
recorded as of March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008 a provision for potential
future warranty costs of $69,587 and $72,200, respectively.
The
Company reserves for known and potential returns from customers and associated
refunds or credits related to such returns based upon historical experience. In
certain cases, customers are provided a fixed allowance, usually in the 1% to 2%
range, to cover returned goods from which this allowance is deducted from
payments from such customers. As of March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008, the
Company has recorded a reserve for customer returns of $101,743 and $674,120,
respectively.
Shipping and Handling
Costs
Shipping
and handling costs associated with inbound freight are recorded in cost of
revenue. Shipping and handling costs associated with freight out to customers
are also included in cost of revenue. Shipping and handling charges to customers
are included in product sales.
Stock Based
Compensation
In
December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No.
123R, “Share-Based Payment.” Subsequently, the Securities and Exchange
Commission (“SEC”) provided for a phase-in implementation process for SFAS No.
123R, which required adoption of the new accounting standard no later than
January 1, 2006. SFAS No. 123R requires accounting for stock options using a
fair-value-based method as described in such statement and recognizing the
resulting compensation expense in the Company’s financial statements. Prior to
January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for employee stock options using the
intrinsic value method under APB No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees” and related Interpretations, which generally results in no employee
stock option expense. The Company adopted SFAS No. 123R on January 1, 2006 and
does not plan to restate financial statements for prior periods. The Company
uses the Black-Scholes option valuation model to estimate the fair value of
stock option awards issued under SFAS No. 123R. In addition, the
Company uses the “simplified” method for determining the expected term of its
“plain vanilla” stock options as permitted by Staff Accounting Bulletin No.
107. For the years ended March 31, 2009, March 31, 2008, and March
31, 2007, equity compensation in the form of stock options and grants of
restricted stock totaled $723,406, $710,899, and $1,077,029, respectively, and
is included in the accompanying Statements of Operations in the following
categories:
|
|
Years
ended |
|
|
|
March 31,
2009
|
|
|
March 31, 2008
|
|
|
March 31, 2007
|
|
General
and administrative
|
|
$ |
457,592 |
|
|
$ |
225,730 |
|
|
$ |
356,720 |
|
Research
and development
|
|
|
121,952 |
|
|
|
300,702 |
|
|
|
336,482 |
|
Sales
and marketing
|
|
|
143,862 |
|
|
|
184,467 |
|
|
|
383,827 |
|
|
|
$ |
723,406 |
|
|
$ |
710,899 |
|
|
$ |
1,077,029 |
|
Advertising and Production
Costs
The
Company expenses all production costs related to advertising, including, print,
television, and radio advertisements when the advertisement has been broadcast
or otherwise distributed. The Company records media costs related to
its direct-to-consumer advertisements, inclusive of postage and printing costs
incurred in conjunction with mailings of direct response catalogues, and related
direct response advertising costs, in accordance with the Statement of Position,
SOP 93-7, “Reporting on Advertising Costs.” In accordance with SOP 93-7, direct
response advertising costs incurred should be reported as assets and should be
amortized over the estimated period of the benefits, based on the proportion of
current period revenue from the advertisement to probable future revenue. As of
March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008, the Company had deferred $346,130 and
$503,825, respectively, related to such media costs. Advertising expenses for
the years ended March 31, 2009, March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007 were
$5,101,910, $6,955,555 and $2,125,112, respectively.
Research and
Development
Research,
development, and engineering costs are expensed as incurred, in accordance with
SFAS No. 2, “Accounting for Research and Development
Costs.” Research, development, and engineering expenses primarily
include payroll and headcount related costs, contractor fees, infrastructure
costs, and administrative expenses directly related to research and development
support.
Deferred Debt Issuance
Costs
The Company capitalizes debt issuance
costs that are directly attributable to realizing the proceeds of the debt
issued and it is amortized over the contractual life of the debt.
Registration Rights
Penalties
The holders of securities issued in our 2006 Offering and 2005 Offering (see
Notes 2 and 3 to our Financial Statements) had registration rights for the
common stock and for the common stock underlying the convertible debt and the
warrants held by them. Liquidated damages for failure to register and maintain
registration for such common stock were payable in shares of our common stock
under certain circumstances and were equal to 1% of the amount of the
outstanding convertible debt per 30-day period up to a maximum of 24% and 1% of
the amount of the investment in the 2006 Offering up to a maximum of 18%. In
each case, the amount was payable in shares of our common stock valued at a rate
of $2.00 per share. We elected to recognize the impact of such registration
rights penalties as incurred, which commenced after July 23, 2006. We completed
the registration of the foregoing securities on December 22, 2006 and recognized
five months of penalty, resulting in the recording of 332,876 shares of common
stock to be issued at a value of $5.00 for a total of $1,664,380. On December
21, 2006, the FASB Financial Statement Publication (“FSP”) Emerging Issues Task
Force 00-19-2 that addresses the accrual and accounting for registration rights
penalties became effective immediately. This FSP addresses the proper accounting
of similarly arranged registration rights agreements entered into after the
effective date of December 21, 2006.
New
Accounting Pronouncements
In May
2009, the FASB issued Statement of SFAS No. 165, Subsequent Events. This
Statement establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosures of
events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements
are issued or are available to be issued. It requires the disclosure of
the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events and the basis
for that date. This Statement is effective for interim and annual periods ending
after June 15, 2009 and as such, we will adopt this standard in the first
quarter of fiscal year 2010. We are currently assessing the impact of the
adoption of SFAS 165, if any, on our financial position, results of operations
or cash flows.
In April
2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, Interim Disclosures about Fair Value
of Financial Instruments. This FSP amends FASB Statement No.
107 to require disclosures about fair values of financial instruments for
interim reporting periods as well as in annual financial
statements. The FSP also amends APB Opinion No. 28 to require those
disclosures in summarized financial information at interim reporting
periods. This FSP becomes effective for interim reporting periods
ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending
after March 15, 2009. The adoption of this FSP is not expected to
have a material impact on our financial statements.
In
October 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-3, Determining the Fair Value of a
Financial Asset in a Market That is Not Active (FSP 157-3), which
clarifies the application of SFAS 157 when the market for a financial asset
is inactive. Specifically, FSP 157-3 clarifies how (1) the internal
assumptions should be considered in measuring fair value when observable data
are not present, (2) observable market information from an inactive market
should be taken into account, and (3) the use of broker quotes or pricing
services should be considered in assessing the relevance of observable and
unobservable data to measure fair value. The guidance in FSP 157-3 was effective
immediately. The adoption of FSP 157-3 did not have a material effect on our
financial statements.
In May
2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 163, Accounting for Financial Guarantee
Insurance Contracts-an interpretation of FASB Statement No.
60. Diversity exists in practice in accounting for financial guarantee
insurance contracts by insurance enterprises under FASB Statement No. 60, (Accounting and Reporting by
Insurance Enterprises). This results in inconsistencies in the
recognition and measurement of claim liabilities. This Statement requires that
an insurance enterprise recognize a claim liability prior to an event of default
(insured event) when there is evidence that credit deterioration has occurred in
an insured financial obligation. This Statement requires expanded disclosures
about financial guarantee insurance contracts. The accounting and disclosure
requirements of the Statement will improve the quality of information provided
to users of financial statements. SFAS 163 is effective for financial
statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and
interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of FASB 163 is not
expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial
position.
In May
2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162 The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles (“SFAS 162”). SFAS 162 identifies the
sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles
used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that
are presented in conformity with GAAP. This statement was effective 60 days
following the Securities Exchange and Commission’s September 16, 2008 approval
of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU
Section 411, The Meaning
of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles. The adoption did not have a material impact on our financial
statements
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of
Intangible Assets. This FSP amends the factors that should be considered
in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life
of a recognized intangible asset under FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets. This FSP is effective prospectively for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 2008, which for the Company is April 1, 2009. The
Company is currently assessing the impact of this FSP.
In March
2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161 Disclosures about Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities—An Amendment of FASB Statement
No. 133. SFAS 161 establishes the disclosure requirements for
derivative instruments and for hedging activities with the intent to provide
financial statement users with an enhanced understanding of the entity’s use of
derivative instruments, the accounting of derivative instruments and related
hedged items under Statement 133 and its related interpretations, and the
effects of these instruments on the entity’s financial position, financial
performance, and cash flows. This statement is effective for financial
statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. We do
not expect its adoption will have a material impact on our
financial statement disclosures.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), Business Combinations, which
amends SFAS No. 141, and provides revised guidance for recognizing and measuring
identifiable assets and goodwill acquired, liabilities assumed, and any
non-controlling interest in the acquiree. It also provides disclosure
requirements to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature
and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective
for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2009 and is to be applied
prospectively. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this
statement on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows and do
not expect that the adoption will have a material impact on our financial
statements.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Non-controlling Interests in
Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of ARB No.
51, which establishes accounting and reporting standards pertaining to
ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, the
amount of net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling
interest, changes in a parent's ownership interest, and the valuation of any
retained non-controlling equity investment when a subsidiary is deconsolidated.
SFAS No. 160 also establishes disclosure requirements that clearly identify and
distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the
non-controlling owners. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on
or after January 1, 2009. The Company does not expect that the adoption will
have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial
Assets and Financial Liabilities—including an amendment
of FASB Statement 157. We adopted SFAS No. 159 in the fiscal
year beginning April 1, 2008. The adoption of this Statement did not have a
material effect on our financial statements.
Inflation
and Seasonality
We do not
expect inflation to have a significant effect on our operations in the
foreseeable future. Because our indoor garden systems are designed for an indoor
gardening experience, we experience slower sales in the United States during the
late spring and summer months when our consumers may tend to garden
outdoors. In addition, we have experienced increased sales during the
holiday season in the fourth calendar quarter. We sell to our
international distributors in US Dollars thereby minimizing effects from
currency fluctuations. We purchase our gardens and other accessory
products from Chinese manufacturers, and these purchases are denominated in US
Dollars. However, over time, the cost of the products we procure from
China may be affected by changes in the value of the US Dollar relative to the
Chinese currency.
Results
of Operations
The
following table sets forth, as a percentage of sales, our financial results for
the last three fiscal years:
|
|
Fiscal Years Ended March
31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product
sales- retail
|
|
|
60.9 |
% |
|
|
62.
4 |
% |
|
|
68.1 |
% |
Product
sales- direct-to-consumer
|
|
|
32.9 |
% |
|
|
35.7 |
% |
|
|
31.9 |
% |
Product
sales- international
|
|
|
6.2 |
% |
|
|
1.9 |
% |
|
|
- |
|
Total
sales
|
|
|
100.00 |
% |
|
|
100.00 |
% |
|
|
100.00 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of revenue
|
|
|
63.3 |
% |
|
|
59.9 |
% |
|
|
63.9 |
% |
Research
and development
|
|
|
5.7 |
% |
|
|
6.8 |
% |
|
|
16.1 |
% |
Sales
and marketing
|
|
|
36.8 |
% |
|
|
41.9 |
% |
|
|
54.2 |
% |
General
and administrative
|
|
|
18.8 |
% |
|
|
15.9 |
% |
|
|
30.8 |
% |
Total
operating expenses
|
|
|
124.6 |
% |
|
|
124.5 |
% |
|
|
165.0 |
% |
Total
other (income) expense, net
|
|
|
2.9 |
% |
|
|
1.1 |
% |
|
|
14.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss
from operations
|
|
|
-27.5 |
% |
|
|
-25.6 |
% |
|
|
-79.0 |
% |
Fiscal
Years Ended March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008
Summary Overview: For the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, our net sales totaled $37,449,868, a decrease
of 2.4% from the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008. The sales decrease
reflected the impact of the sudden disruptions in the global credit markets, the
decline in general economic activity, and the consequent decline in consumer
spending that occurred in the second half of our fiscal year. In the
first half of the fiscal year (the six month period ended September 30, 2008),
our sales increased almost 63.8% reflecting our greatly expanded distribution
through our retailer customers; however, the sudden change in the economic
environment resulted in our sales declining 34.6% in the second half of the
fiscal year. This impact of the economic downturn on sales was
experienced in both our sales to retailer customers and in our
direct-to-consumer business. In our international business, sales
increased 213.7% year-over-year, principally reflecting the comparison to a
partial year of operations in the prior fiscal year. Our sales to
retailers were also adversely impacted during the second half of the fiscal year
by an unusually high level of sales allowances, totaling $2,077,622, that we
recognized to reflect our cost of supporting discounting programs executed by
some of our largest retailer customers. These discounting programs
were instituted during the 2008 holiday selling season by retailers in
recognition of the impact that the global credit crisis, stock market declines,
and sudden downturn in economic activity during the fourth calendar quarter of
2008 had on consumer confidence, and therefore on the level of consumer
spending. Because of these factors, discounting and other price
actions were prevalent at most retailers and on many products during the 2008
holiday selling season in order to try to incent the consumer to purchase
products during what is traditionally the highest volume selling season for
retailers. We do not expect that the confluence of a dramatic change
in consumer spending habits immediately in advance of the holiday selling season
and the impact of other economic factors will recur to the extent experienced
during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. Therefore, we do not
believe that the unusually high level of sales allowances we experienced in the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 will be experienced in future fiscal
years. Excluding the impact of these unusual sales allowances, our
adjusted sales for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 increased 3.1% relative
to the prior fiscal year.
Our gross
margin for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 was 36.7%, down from 40.1% in
the prior year. The reduction in margin reflected a number of factors
including the $2,077,622 in unusual sales allowances (which reduced sales and
gross profit), inventory reserves we established during the year totaling
$391,490, and the increased percentage mix of our sales that came from our
lower-margin international operations. Partially offsetting these
negative impacts were cost reductions we achieved in our manufacturing and
distribution operations, most notably resulting from the opening of a
company-operated distribution facility in Indianapolis, Indiana in July
2008. Excluding the impact of the unusual sales allowances, the
adjusted gross margin was 40.0% in the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009.
Operating
expenses other than cost of revenue for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009
decreased $1,811,487, or 7.3%, reflecting reduced spending in our sales and
marketing operations and in our research and development
operations. In both cases, the declines reflected cost saving
actions, including headcount reductions, taken in the second half of the fiscal
year in response to the sudden decline in sales volume we
experienced. Offsetting the decline in sales and marketing and
research and development expense was a year-over-year $958,663 increase in
general and administrative expense. This increase principally
reflected severance expense of $362,271, amortization of debt issuance costs of
$243,937, and a $414,831 increase in depreciation and amortization, partially
offset by the net impact of cost reduction actions taken during the
year.
Other
expense for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, principally interest expense,
increased $646,870 to $1,089,889 from the prior fiscal year reflecting the
higher proportion of debt in our capital structure during the
year. Our net loss totaled $10,313,514 for the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2009, $477,593 higher than the prior year as the increase in other
expense more than offset the decline in our loss from operations.
The table
set forth below shows quarterly revenues by sales channel for the fiscal years
ended March 31, 2009, and March 31, 2008:
|
|
Quarters
ended
|
|
|
Year
ended
|
|
|
|
30-Jun-07
|
|
|
30-Sep-07
|
|
|
31-Dec-07
|
|
|
31-Mar-08
|
|
|
31-Mar-08
|
|
Sales-
Retail
|
|
$ |
4,129,853 |
|
|
$ |
4,850,298 |
|
|
$ |
9,145,317 |
|
|
$ |
5,785,314 |
|
|
$ |
23,910,782 |
|
Sales-
Direct-to-Consumer
|
|
|
2,148,832 |
|
|
|
1,433,347 |
|
|
|
5,109,405 |
|
|
|
5,013,133 |
|
|
|
13,704,717 |
|
Sales
- International
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
383,020 |
|
|
|
358,157 |
|
|
|
741,177 |
|
|
|
$ |
6,278,685 |
|
|
$ |
6,283,645 |
|
|
$ |
14,637,742 |
|
|
$ |
11,156,604 |
|
|
$ |
38,356,676 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarters
ended
|
|
|
Year
ended
|
|
|
|
30-Jun-08
|
|
|
30-Sep-08
|
|
|
31-Dec-08
|
|
|
31-Mar-09
|
|
|
31-Mar-09
|
|
Sales-
Retail
|
|
$ |
2,642,575 |
|
|
$ |
11,508,030 |
|
|
$ |
5,621,688 |
|
|
$ |
3,048,651 |
|
|
$ |
22,820,944 |
|
Sales-
Direct-to-Consumer
|
|
|
3,339,410 |
|
|
|
1,365,438 |
|
|
|
4,867,808 |
|
|
|
2,731,362 |
|
|
|
12,304,018 |
|
Sales
- International
|
|
|
738,096 |
|
|
|
981,462 |
|
|
|
521,389 |
|
|
|
83,959 |
|
|
|
2,324,906 |
|
|
|
$ |
6,720,081 |
|
|
$ |
13,854,930 |
|
|
$ |
11,010,885 |
|
|
$ |
5,863,972 |
|
|
$ |
37,449,868 |
|
For the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, revenue totaled $37,449,868, a decrease of
2.4% from the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008. Overall, the decline
reflected the impact of the dramatic slowdown in economic activity in the United
States that began in the calendar fourth quarter. For the first half
of our fiscal year, net revenue increased 63.8%, principally because of the
impact of a substantial increase in the number of retail storefronts in the
United States and Canada carrying our AeroGardens, seed kits and accessory
items, which rose to over 9,000 stores by the December 2008 holiday shopping
season.
The
increase in retail storefronts carrying our products resulted in a large volume
of stocking shipments to new retailer customers during the six months ended
September 30, 2008, causing sales into the retail channel to increase by 57.6%
relative to the same time period in the prior year. In the following
two quarters, however, our sales were constrained by the combined impact of two
factors: first, the economic downturn caused a reduction in the level of
consumer spending, and second, our retailer customers reduced the level of their
purchases of our products relative to the levels they had originally
projected. The combination of these factors resulted in our sales
into the retail channel for the second half of the fiscal year to decline by
41.9% from the same period in the prior fiscal year. For the full
fiscal year, our sales into the retail channel declined by 4.6%, to
$22,820,944.
As of
December 31, 2008, our products were being sold in over 9,000 traditional “brick
and mortar” storefronts, as compared to approximately 4,300 as of December 31,
2007. As of March 31, 2009, AeroGrow products were being sold through
approximately 7,500 storefronts, as compared to approximately 5,100 storefronts
at March 31, 2008. Because of the impact of the deteriorating economy
following the high load-in level of shipments to retailers in the three months
ended September 30, 2008, we did experience a decline in order rates from our
key customers during the six months ended March 31, 2009. We expect
the number of stores carrying our products will vary during the fiscal year
ending March 31, 2010, and will likely decline due to our focus on servicing a
more limited number of key customers, and because certain retailers are expected
to reduce the breadth of products they carry as a result of their increased
focus on cash flow and inventory management practices. In addition, a
number of our retailer customers purchase our products on a seasonal basis and
do not carry the products year-round in their stores. As a result,
the number of storefronts offering our product can vary depending on the time of
year. Because of the impact of this variability, and the impact of
web-based retailers, TV sales channels, and catalogue retailers, which do not
have storefronts, on our retail sales, we do not believe “sales per store” is a
meaningful metric for assessing our retail business.
Our net
revenue from sales into the retail channel was also adversely impacted by sales
allowances over and above those allowances we normally recognize to account for
the costs of our account relationships with larger retailers. These
unusual allowances were taken to reflect the cost we incurred to support
discounting programs by our retailer customers during the 2008 holiday selling
season and in the first calendar quarter of 2009. These discounting
programs were instituted during the 2008 holiday selling season by retailers in
recognition of the impact that the global credit crisis, stock market declines,
and sudden downturn in economic activity during the fourth calendar quarter of
2008 had on consumer confidence, and therefore on the level of consumer
spending. Because of these factors, discounting and other price
actions were prevalent at most retailers and on many products during the 2008
holiday selling season in order to try to incent the consumer to purchase
products during what is traditionally the highest volume selling season for
retailers. We do not expect that the confluence of a dramatic change
in consumer spending habits immediately in advance of the holiday selling season
and the impact of other economic factors will recur to the extent experienced
during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. Therefore, we do not
believe that the unusually high level of sales allowances we experienced in the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 will be experienced in future fiscal
years. We recognized $1,725,213 in unusual allowances in the three
months ended December 31, 2008 and $352,409 during the three months ended March
31, 2009. In the prior fiscal year, we recognized no unusual
allowances. Excluding the impact of unusual sales allowances in the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, our adjusted sales into the retail channels
increased 4.1% relative to the prior fiscal year.
Our
direct-to-consumer sales also declined during the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009, by 10.2% to $12,304,018 from the prior fiscal year. The decline
reflected the offsetting impacts of an approximate 85.0% decline in sales
generated by television advertising and infomercials, and an approximate 20.0%
increase in sales generated from all other direct-to-consumer channels,
including an approximate 93.9% increase in sales generated by our catalogue
operations. The decline in sales generated by television media was
caused by a shift in our media spending from long-form and short-form television
infomercials designed specifically to drive direct-to-consumer sales, to more
traditional television advertising designed to support the sales and marketing
efforts of our retailer customers, as well as support our direct-to-consumer
operations. In addition, we reduced the level of our overall
television media spending relative to the prior fiscal year, as a result of our
constrained capital availability and because of analysis demonstrating that
television media purchased during the low seasonal period of our fiscal year
represented an inefficient use of our resources as it generated
direct-to-consumer sales that were less than the cost of media. The
year-over-year increase in sales from all other direct-to-consumer channels
during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, principally reflected a 132.9%
increase in the number of catalogues we mailed to consumers, to more than 4.8
million catalogues. The increase in catalogues mailed reflected our
strategy to increase marketing spending in this channel of our
direct-to-consumer business, as well as a comparison to operations for only part
of the prior fiscal year.
During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, from time-to-time we offered our direct
customers 36 days to evaluate the product (“Trial Sales”), with the customer
paying only the shipping and handling costs for such products before making
required installment payments after the expiration of the 36-day trial period.
As of March 31, 2009, we had discontinued offering Trial
Sales. During the prior fiscal year, we also offered Trial Sales, and
therefore did not record $577,838 of revenue as of March 31, 2008, related to
the unpaid balance due for orders shipped in conjunction with these Trial Sales.
Also, as of March 31, 2008, we did not record $175,781 of product costs
associated with the foregoing Trial Sales because in the event the customer
returned the product, we were able to recover these costs through resale of the
goods.
The
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 was the first full fiscal year of revenue for
our international operations. Total sales into markets outside the
United States and Canada increased to $2,324,906, or 213.7% higher than
international sales during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008. The
increase principally reflected an increase in our penetration of new markets
through local distributors, as well as the comparison to a partial fiscal year
of operations in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008. As of March
31, 2009, our products were being sold in nine countries outside the United
States and Canada, principally in Europe, Asia and in Australia.
The
following table presents our quarterly sales by product category, in US Dollars
and as a percent of total net revenue, for the fiscal years ending March 31,
2009 and March 31, 2008.
|
|
Quarters
ended
|
|
|
Year
ended
|
|
|
|
30-Jun-07
|
|
|
30-Sep-07
|
|
|
31-Dec-07
|
|
|
31-Mar-08
|
|
|
31-Mar-08
|
|
Product
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AeroGardens
|
|
$ |
5,643,885 |
|
|
$ |
4,816,504 |
|
|
$ |
12,145,733 |
|
|
$ |
8,934,285 |
|
|
$ |
31,540,407 |
|
Seed
kits and accessories
|
|
|
634,800 |
|
|
|
1,467,141 |
|
|
|
2,492,009 |
|
|
|
2,222,319 |
|
|
|
6,816,269 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
6,278,685 |
|
|
$ |
6,283,645 |
|
|
$ |
14,637,742 |
|
|
$ |
11,156,604 |
|
|
$ |
38,356,676 |
|
%
of Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AeroGardens
|
|
|
89.9 |
% |
|
|
76.7 |
% |
|
|
83.0 |
% |
|
|
80.1 |
% |
|
|
82.2 |
% |
Seed
kits and accessories
|
|
|
10.1 |
% |
|
|
23.3 |
% |
|
|
17.0 |
% |
|
|
19.9 |
% |
|
|
17.8 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarters
ended
|
|
|
Year
ended
|
|
|
|
30-Jun-08
|
|
|
30-Sep-08
|
|
|
31-Dec-08
|
|
|
31-Mar-09
|
|
|
31-Mar-09
|
|
Product
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AeroGardens
|
|
$ |
4,983,416 |
|
|
$ |
11,278,260 |
|
|
$ |
8,683,670 |
|
|
$ |
4,189,614 |
|
|
$ |
29,134,960 |
|
Seed
kits and accessories
|
|
|
1,736,665 |
|
|
|
2,576,670 |
|
|
|
2,327,215 |
|
|
|
1,674,358 |
|
|
|
8,314,908 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
6,720,081 |
|
|
$ |
13,854,930 |
|
|
$ |
11,010,885 |
|
|
$ |
5,863,972 |
|
|
$ |
37,449,868 |
|
%
of Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AeroGardens
|
|
|
74.2 |
% |
|
|
81.4 |
% |
|
|
78.9 |
% |
|
|
71.4 |
% |
|
|
77.8 |
% |
Seed
kits and accessories
|
|
|
25.8 |
% |
|
|
18.6 |
% |
|
|
21.1 |
% |
|
|
28.6 |
% |
|
|
22.2 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Year-over-year,
sales of our AeroGardens decreased 7.6% during the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009, to $29,134,960, reflecting the decline in sales to retailer customers, and
in our direct-to-consumer business detailed above. Year-over-year
seed kit and accessory sales increased, however, by 22.0%, to $8,314,908 during
the same time period. The increase in seed kit and accessory sales
reflected the impact of our expanded base of cumulative gardens sold since
inception, to 795,708. On a cumulative basis, we have sold over
1,722,000 seed kits to-date, and, in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, sales
of seed kits and accessories represented 22.2% of our total net revenue, up from
17.8% in the prior fiscal year.
Cost of
revenue for the year ended March 31, 2009 totaled $23,710,787, a 3.2% increase
from the prior fiscal year. Cost of revenue includes product costs
for purchased and manufactured products, freight costs for inbound freight from
manufacturers and outbound freight to customers, costs related to warehousing
and the shipping of products to customers and duties and customs applicable to
products imported. The increase in cost of revenue principally reflected the
increase in adjusted net revenue (with the increase being calculated after
excluding the impact of $2,077,622 in unusual sales allowances), as well as
$391,490 in reserves established for inventory damage and
obsolescence. As a percent of net revenue, cost of revenue increased
to 63.3% from 59.9% in the prior fiscal year. This increase reflects
the impact of the unusual sales allowances that reduced net revenue in the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, a higher percentage of our revenue coming from
international sales, at a lower average margin, offset partially by the impact
of various cost savings initiatives executed in our manufacturing and
distribution operations.
Our gross
margin varies based upon the factors impacting net revenue and cost of revenue
as discussed above, as well as the mix of our revenue that comes from the
retail, direct-to-consumer, and international channels. In a
direct-to-consumer sale, we recognize as revenue the full consumer purchase
price for the product as opposed to retail sales, where we recognize as revenue
the wholesale price for the product which we charge to the
retailer. Media costs associated with direct sales are included in
sales and marketing costs. For international sales, margins are
structured based on the distributor purchasing products by letter of credit or
cash in advance terms with the distributor bearing all of the marketing and
distribution costs within their territory, hence international margins are lower
than margins from domestic retail sales.
Gross
margin for the year ended March 31, 2009 was 36.7% of net revenue, as compared
to 40.1% in the prior fiscal year. The decline in gross margin as a
percent of net revenue principally reflected the impacts of the unusual sales
allowances, the inventory reserves established during the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2009, and the higher mix of our sales coming from international
operations, offset by the cost reductions we were able to achieve in our
manufacturing and distribution operations. Excluding the impacts of
the unusual sales allowances, the adjusted gross margin for the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2009 was 41.0%.
Sales and
marketing costs for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 totaled $13,772,822,a
reduction of $2,311,531, or 14.4%, from the prior fiscal year. Sales
and marketing costs include all costs associated with the marketing, sales,
operations, customer support, and sales order processing for our
products. The following table breaks down the components of our sales
and marketing costs for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009 and March 31,
2008:
|
|
Fiscal Years Ended March
31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
Advertising
|
|
$ |
5,101,910 |
|
|
$ |
8,291,987 |
|
Salaries
and related expenses
|
|
|
3,772,942 |
|
|
|
3,541,337 |
|
Sales
commissions
|
|
|
1,145,141 |
|
|
|
1,104,241 |
|
Trade
Shows
|
|
|
302,138 |
|
|
|
398,337 |
|
Other
|
|
|
3,450,691 |
|
|
|
2,748,451 |
|
|
|
$ |
13,772,822 |
|
|
$ |
16,084,353 |
|
Advertising
is principally made up of the costs of developing and airing our infomercials
and short-form television commercials, the costs of development, production,
printing, and postage for our catalogues, and mailing and web media costs for
search and affiliate web marketing programs. Each of these are key
components of our integrated marketing strategy because they help build
awareness of, and consumer demand for, our products, for all our channels of
distribution, in addition to generating direct-to-consumer
sales. Advertising expense totaled $5,101,910 for the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2009, a decrease of $3,190,077 from the prior fiscal year,
reflecting the offsetting impacts of a $3,647,172 reduction in television
advertising expense, and a $1,720,143 increase in the level of our catalogue and
web media spending.
Sales and
marketing personnel costs include salaries, payroll taxes, employee benefits and
other payroll costs for our sales, operations, customer service, graphics and
marketing departments. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009,
these costs totaled $3,772,942, an increase of $231,605 from the prior fiscal
year. The increase primarily reflects the impact of higher average
levels of staffing in our customer support and telesales operations early in the
fiscal year, severance expense totaling $101,788, reflecting the departure of
our Chief Marketing Officer, and new staffing for our Indianapolis, Indiana
distribution and manufacturing facility opened in July 2008, partially offset by
the impact of headcount reductions implemented in December 2008 and in the first
calendar quarter of 2009.
Sales
commissions, ranging from 2.5% to 7% of cash collections from our retailer
customers, are paid to third-party sales representative organizations that
assist us in developing and maintaining our relationships with
retailers. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, sales
commissions totaled $1,145,141, a 3.7% increase relative to the prior fiscal
year. The increase principally reflects changes in the mix of our
collections from retailer customers and the differential commission rates
associated with each customer, partially offset by the impact of the overall
decline in sales to retailers during the fiscal year.
General
and administrative expense for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 totaled
$7,043,391, up $958,663, or 15.8% from the prior fiscal
year. Contributing to the increase was severance expense of $362,271
relating to overall staff reductions, including the departure of our former
chief executive officer, chief financial officer, and vice president of human
resources, and $243,937 in amortization of debt issuance costs. The
balance of the increase principally reflects increases in executive and
managerial headcount costs, facility costs, insurance costs, and outside legal
costs, in addition to a $414,831 increase in non-cash depreciation and
amortization charges, offset by a $312,512 reduction in bad debt expense
reflecting a comparison to the prior fiscal year that included a $400,000
reserve established as a result of receivables due from Linens ‘N Things, Inc.,
which filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy code on May
2, 2008.
Research
and development costs totaled $2,146,493 for the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009, a $458,619 or 17.6% decline from the prior fiscal
year. Research and development costs comprise the costs associated
with our engineering staff that develops new AeroGarden models and technologies,
and our plant laboratories that research new plant varieties that will grow well
in our AeroGarden products, as well as technologies such as improved lighting
and nutrient formulation and delivery to enhance the performance of our
products. The decline in expense during the year ended March 31, 2009
principally reflected a comparison to the prior fiscal year that included a high
level of spending on product development, testing and certification for products
that were launched during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, or that will be
launched in future periods, as well as reductions in the staffing of the
research and development departments.
The loss
from operations totaled $9,223,625 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009,
$169,277 or 1.8% less than the prior year. Total other expense was
$1,089,889 during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 as compared to $443,019
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008. The $646,870 year-over-year
increase reflected a higher average level of interest-bearing debt and capital
leases outstanding, combined with a lower average level of interest-bearing cash
equivalents. Our net loss was $10,313,514 for the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2009, a $477,593 increase from the previous year as the lower loss
from operations was more than offset by the increase in other
expense.
Fiscal
Years Ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007
Summary Overview: For the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, our net sales totaled $38,356,676, an increase
of 191.8% from the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007. The sales
increase reflected a number of factors including an increase in our retail
presence from 750 storefronts as of December 31, 2006 to over 5,100 storefronts
as of March 31, 2008, the launch of a direct mail catalogue operation during the
fiscal year, and a geographic expansion of our presence to seven countries
outside the United States.
Our gross
margins improved to 40.1% in the year ended March 31, 2008 from 36.1% in the
year ended March 31, 2007 primarily as a result of improved distribution
logistics, particularly a reduction in the use of air freight to ship product
from China to the United States.
Sales and
marketing costs totaled $16,084,353 for the year ended March 31, 2008, an
increase of 126.0% from the prior fiscal year, reflecting generally higher
levels of spending in all categories to support the growth in our
business. General and administrative costs also increased, by 50.2%
to $6,084,728 for the year ended March 31, 2008. This increase was
caused by a number of factors, including an increase in the number of our
employees, higher depreciation and other facility costs related to our
expansion, corporate governance and listing costs, and bad debt expense
principally related to a reserve established to cover our exposure to the Linens
‘n Things, Inc. bankruptcy filing.
Our net loss totaled $9,835,921 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008 as
compared to a net loss of $10,386,451 for the fiscal year ended March 31,
2007.
The table
set forth below shows quarterly revenues by sales channel for the fiscal years
ending March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007:
|
|
Quarters
ended
|
|
|
Year
ended
|
|
|
|
30-Jun-06
|
|
|
30-Sep-06
|
|
|
31-Dec-06
|
|
|
31-Mar-07
|
|
|
31-Mar-07
|
|
Sales-
Retail
|
|
$ |
693,610 |
|
|
$ |
799,335 |
|
|
$ |
3,266,226 |
|
|
$ |
4,189,871 |
|
|
$ |
8,949,042 |
|
Sales-
Direct-to-Consumer
|
|
|
128,328 |
|
|
|
230,981 |
|
|
|
1,591,378 |
|
|
|
2,244,308 |
|
|
|
4,194,995 |
|
Sales
- International
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
$ |
821,938 |
|
|
$ |
1,030,316 |
|
|
$ |
4,857,604 |
|
|
$ |
6,434,179 |
|
|
$ |
13,144,037 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarters
ended
|
|
|
Year
ended
|
|
|
|
30-Jun-07
|
|
|
30-Sep-07
|
|
|
31-Dec-07
|
|
|
31-Mar-08
|
|
|
31-Mar-08
|
|
Sales-
Retail
|
|
$ |
4,129,853 |
|
|
$ |
4,850,298 |
|
|
$ |
9,145,317 |
|
|
$ |
5,785,314 |
|
|
$ |
23,910,782 |
|
Sales-
Direct-to-Consumer
|
|
|
2,148,832 |
|
|
|
1,433,347 |
|
|
|
5,109,405 |
|
|
|
5,013,133 |
|
|
|
13,704,717 |
|
Sales
- International
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
383,020 |
|
|
|
358,157 |
|
|
|
741,177 |
|
|
|
$ |
6,278,685 |
|
|
$ |
6,283,645 |
|
|
$ |
14,637,742 |
|
|
$ |
11,156,604 |
|
|
$ |
38,356,676 |
|
For the
year ended March 31, 2008, net sales totaled $38,356,676 as compared to
$13,144,037 for the year ended March 31, 2007, an increase of $25,212,639 or
191.8%. In retail channels, the number of retail storefronts carrying
our products was 750 in December 2006, and increased to over 4,300 by December
2007. At March 31, 2008, our products were being sold in over 5,100 retail
storefronts. In our direct-to-consumer channel, we expanded our sales
efforts to encompass multiple channels and formats. For the year
ended March 31, 2007, direct-to-consumer sales represented primarily sales to
new customers and were generated primarily through our television advertisements
and our own websites. During the year ended March 31, 2008, we
expanded our direct-to-consumer sales efforts to encompass web search engine and
affiliate marketing, in-house catalogue mailings to both our in house mailing
list and external prospect lists and to 60 second and 120 second television
commercials. We also saw a growing percentage of our direct-to-consumer business
result from our existing customer database representing repeat sales of
additional seed kits, accessories and additional AeroGarden units.
In regard
to our direct sales, we offered our direct customers 36 day Trial Sales to
evaluate the product, with the customer paying only the shipping and handling
costs for such products before making the required installment payments after
the expiration of the 36- day trial period. Accordingly, we did not record
$577,838 and $451,898 of revenue as of March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007,
respectively, related to the unpaid balance due for orders shipped in
conjunction with these Trial Sales. Also, as of March 31, 2008 and March 31,
2007, we did not record $175,781 and $135,459, respectively, of product costs
associated with the foregoing Trial Sales because the customer is required to
return the product and we are therefore able to recover these costs through
resale of the goods.
During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, we began to build our international
distributor network and entered into agreements and began shipments to
distributors in the United Kingdom, Germany, Korea, Australia, Japan, Mexico and
Canada.
The
following table presents our quarterly sales by product category, in US Dollars
and as a percent of total net revenue, for the fiscal years ending March 31,
2008 and March 31, 2007.
|
|
Quarters
ended
|
|
|
Year
ended
|
|
|
|
30-Jun-06
|
|
|
30-Sep-06
|
|
|
31-Dec-06
|
|
|
31-Mar-07
|
|
|
31-Mar-07
|
|
Product
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AeroGardens
|
|
$ |
726,891 |
|
|
$ |
889,979 |
|
|
$ |
4,438,916 |
|
|
$ |
5,464,416 |
|
|
$ |
11,520,202 |
|
Seed
kits and accessories
|
|
|
95,047 |
|
|
|
140,337 |
|
|
|
418,688 |
|
|
|
969,763 |
|
|
|
1,623,835 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
821,938 |
|
|
$ |
1,030,316 |
|
|
$ |
4,857,604 |
|
|
$ |
6,434,179 |
|
|
$ |
13,144,037 |
|
%
of Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AeroGardens
|
|
|
88.4 |
% |
|
|
86.4 |
% |
|
|
91.4 |
% |
|
|
84.9 |
% |
|
|
87.6 |
% |
Seed
kits and accessories
|
|
|
11.6 |
% |
|
|
13.6 |
% |
|
|
8.6 |
% |
|
|
15.1 |
% |
|
|
12.4 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarters
ended
|
|
|
Year
ended
|
|
|
|
30-Jun-07
|
|
|
30-Sep-07
|
|
|
31-Dec-07
|
|
|
31-Mar-08
|
|
|
31-Mar-08
|
|
Product
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AeroGardens
|
|
$ |
5,643,885 |
|
|
$ |
4,816,504 |
|
|
$ |
12,145,733 |
|
|
$ |
8,934,285 |
|
|
$ |
31,540,407 |
|
Seed
kits and accessories
|
|
|
634,800 |
|
|
|
1,467,141 |
|
|
|
2,492,009 |
|
|
|
2,222,319 |
|
|
|
6,816,269 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
6,278,685 |
|
|
$ |
6,283,645 |
|
|
$ |
14,637,742 |
|
|
$ |
11,156,604 |
|
|
$ |
38,356,676 |
|
%
of Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AeroGardens
|
|
|
89.9 |
% |
|
|
76.7 |
% |
|
|
83.0 |
% |
|
|
80.1 |
% |
|
|
82.2 |
% |
Seed
kits and accessories
|
|
|
10.1 |
% |
|
|
23.3 |
% |
|
|
17.0 |
% |
|
|
19.9 |
% |
|
|
17.8 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
For the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, sales of AeroGardens increased 173.8% to
$31,540,407, from the prior fiscal year, reflecting the overall increase in
sales in our retail and direct-to-consumer channels. Seed kit and
accessory sales also increased, by 319.8%, reflecting the overall sales
increase, as well as the impact of recurring revenues generated by the
cumulative number of AeroGardens sold to-date. The faster rate of
growth in seed kit and accessory sales was reflected in the increase in the
percent of total revenue represented by seed kit and accessory sales, to 17.8%
during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008 from 12.4% in the prior fiscal
year.
Cost of
revenue for the year ended March 31, 2008 was $22,975,385 as compared to
$8,404,507 for the year ended March 31, 2007, an increase of $14,570,878, or
173.4%. As a percentage of sales, cost of revenue decreased 4
percentage points from 63.9% to 59.9%. Included in cost of revenue
for the year ended March 31, 2007 were costs associated with expedited shipping
of approximately 15,000 of our AeroGarden units from China by air rather than by
sea in order to expedite our initial deliveries in April 2006, and to satisfy
customer demands in the November/December 2006 holiday timeframe at an
incremental airfreight cost of $27 per unit, as well as airfreight costs
associated with expediting components parts for our seed kits in the January
2007 timeframe, for a total of additional freight cost of approximately
$490,000.
Gross
profit for the year ended March 31, 2008 totaled $15,381,291 or 40.1% of
revenues, as compared to $4,739,530 for the year ended March 31, 2007,
representing 36.1% of revenues. Affecting gross margins for the year ended March
31, 2007, as discussed above, were airfreight costs of $490,000, reducing gross
margins by 4%.
Sales and
marketing costs for the year ended March 31, 2008 totaled $16,084,353 as
compared to $7,117,613 for the year ended March 31, 2007, an increase
$8,966,740, or 126.0%. The breakdown of sales and marketing costs for
these two fiscal years is presented in the table below:
|
|
Years ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Advertising
|
|
$ |
8,291,987 |
|
|
$ |
2,892,710 |
|
Personnel
|
|
|
3,541,337 |
|
|
|
2,036,104 |
|
Sales
commissions
|
|
|
1,104,241 |
|
|
|
556,531 |
|
Trade
Shows
|
|
|
398,337 |
|
|
|
156,320 |
|
Other
|
|
|
2,748,451 |
|
|
|
1,475,948 |
|
|
|
$ |
16,084,353 |
|
|
$ |
7,117,613 |
|
Advertising
expense increased principally because of an increase in the amount of television
airtime purchased, a $568,832 increase in the costs of producing our
infomercials, and the costs of producing and mailing our direct-to-consumer
catalogues in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008. Personnel costs
increased because of a higher average level of headcount in our sales,
marketing, customer service, and operations departments. Sales
commissions, ranging from 4% to 7% of cash collected from our retailer
customers, increased primarily because of the increase in our overall level of
sales to retailer customers. Trade shows and other sales and
marketing expense increased principally because of the increased scale of our
operations.
General
and administrative costs for the year ended March 31, 2008 totaled $6,084,728 as
compared to $4,050,312 for the year ended March 31, 2007, an increase of
$2,034,416, or 50.2%. Contributing to the increase in general and administrative
costs was an increase of $480,000 in salary and wage related costs as we added
additional executive and managerial staff to manage our growth, $226,000 in
additional facility costs due to additional space requirements, $279,000 in
additional depreciation expense related to our expansion of our IT
infrastructure as well as tooling for new models of our AeroGardens, $185,000 in
increased corporate governance and investor relations costs due in part to our
listing on NASDAQ and $653,000 in additional bad debt expenses primarily as a
result of a reserve established against approximately $500,000 in outstanding
accounts receivable at March 31, 2008 from Linens ‘n Things, Inc., which filed
for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy code on May 2,
2008.
During
the year ended March 31, 2008 we incurred $2,605,112 in research and development
costs as compared to $2,113,255 for the year ended March 31, 2007, an increase
of $491,887 or 23.3%. Research and development costs encompass the costs
associated with our engineering staff whose function is the development of new
AeroGarden models and technologies and our plant laboratories whose principal
function is the research of new plant varieties that will grow well in our
AeroGarden products as well as technologies such as improved lighting and
nutrient formulation and delivery to enhance our products performance. The
increase in research and development costs is primarily attributable to
increased staffing for our plant labs.
Other
expense totaled $443,019 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, a decrease of
$1,401,782 from the total other expense of $1,844,801 for the prior fiscal year,
which included the impact of a $1,664,380 registration rights
penalty.
Our net
loss totaled $9,835,921 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, $550,530 less
than in the prior fiscal year.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
After
adjusting the net loss for non-cash items, including depreciation, amortization,
bad debt allowances and issuances of common stock and options, the net cash loss
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 totaled $7,589,946 as compared to an
$8,096,771 net cash loss in the prior year.
Changes
in working capital accounts contributed cash of $635,873 during the twelve
months ended March 31, 2009, as increases in accounts payable and accrued
liabilities more than offset increases in inventory and accounts receivable
balances. We source the majority of our inventory from Chinese
manufacturers and therefore face production and delivery lead times that average
60 to 90 days. In order to be prepared to meet anticipated fall and
holiday demand for our products, we contracted to purchase inventory in the
quarter ended September 30, 2008. As consumer demand declined in
response to the global credit crisis in October and November, we reduced our
orders for product from China to the extent possible, but because of the long
procurement lead times we face, were unable to effectively manage inventory
levels to the new lower demand expectations. As a result, inventory
on hand as of March 31, 2009 totaled $8,350,135, representing approximately 155
days of sales activity, and 208 days of sales activity, at the average daily
rate of product cost expensed during the twelve months and three months ended
March 31, 2009, respectively. Net accounts receivable totaled
$2,278,052 as of March 31, 2009, representing approximately 37 days of net
retail sales activity, and 67 days of net retail sales activity, at the average
daily rate of sales experienced during the twelve months and three months ended
March 31, 2009, respectively. Accounts payable totaled $8,338,559 as
of March 31, 2009, representing approximately 65 days of daily expense activity,
and 83 days of daily expense activity, at the average daily rate of expenses
experienced during the twelve months and three months ended March 31, 2009,
respectively. On June 30, 2009, approximately $1 million in accounts
payable were converted to Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, and
approximately $1.4 million in accounts payable were converted to a two-year,
interest-bearing note. In addition, during June 2009, we reached
agreements with certain vendors to reduce the amounts payable to them by an
aggregate amount of approximately $1 million. We also reached
agreements with certain vendors to defer payments due to later
dates.
Net cash
used by operating and investing activities totaled $8,263,205 for the twelve
months ended March 31, 2009 as compared to $10,175,596 in the year earlier
period. The cash requirement for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009
was funded by increases in net borrowings under our debt facilities and payments
on capital lease obligations totaling $7,566,329, a reduction in our
unrestricted cash balances of $1,227,094, and proceeds from the exercise of
warrants and options to purchase our common stock totaling
$949,932. Included in the latter amount is $873,289 in proceeds from
warrants exercised in November 2008, when the Company reset the exercise price
on 1,189,979 warrants, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the
warrants, from a range of $5.00 – $8.25 per share to a range of $0.66 – $0.75
per share in return for an agreement by the warrant holders to exercise the
warrants immediately. In addition, the warrant holders were issued an
aggregate of 594,990 new warrants with an exercise price of $2.00 per share,
representing one-half new warrant for every existing warrant exercised at the
reset exercise price.
As of
March 31, 2009, we had a cash balance of $771,029, including $438,331 in cash
that is restricted as collateral for letters of credit and other corporate
obligations. This compares to $1,646,468 as of March 31, 2008, of
which $86,676 was restricted as to use.
During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, we relied on a variety of external debt
funding sources to meet our liquidity requirements:
First
National Loan
On May
19, 2008, the Company and Jack J. Walker, one of the Company’s directors, acting
as co-borrowers, entered into a Business Loan Agreement with First National Bank
(the “Business Loan Agreement”) for a loan to the Company in the principal
amount of $1,000,000 (the “First National Loan”). The Company has
agreed, among other things, that while the Business Loan Agreement is in effect,
the Company will not (without First National Bank's prior written consent): (i)
incur or assume indebtedness, except for trade debt in the ordinary course of
business, capital leases in an amount not to exceed $500,000, and capital
expenditures of not more than $500,000 during any fiscal year; (ii) sell,
transfer, mortgage, assign, pledge, lease, grant a security interest in, or
encumber any of the Company’s assets (except as specifically allowed), or
(iii) sell with recourse any of the Company’s accounts, except to First
National Bank. In the event of a default under the First National Loan, at First
National Bank's option, all indebtedness owed under the First National Loan will
become immediately due and payable.
Pursuant
to the Business Loan Agreement, the Company and Mr. Walker provided First
National Bank with a promissory note for a principal amount of up to $1,000,000
(the “First National Note”). The First National Note has an initial
interest rate of 5.5% and matures on May 19, 2009. The First National Note
provides for monthly payments of interest only, with the balance of principal
and all accrued but unpaid interest due and payable on May 19,
2009. The First National Note also provides for a minimum interest
charge of $250, but otherwise may be prepaid at any time without
penalty. In the event of a default under the First National Note, the
interest rate will be increased by a margin of 4% over the current rate of
interest. As of March 31, 2009, $1,001,146 was outstanding under the
First National Note, including accrued interest.
On May
19, 2009, the Company, Mr. Walker, and FNB entered into a Change in Terms
Agreement (the “Change in Terms Agreement”), extending the maturity of the First
National Loan until July 19, 2009, and increasing the interest rate from the
Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus .50% floating to the Wall Street Journal
Primate Rate plus 2.0% floating, with a floor interest rate of
5.50%.
WLLC
Loan Agreement
On May
22, 2008, the Company entered into a Loan Agreement (the “WLLC Loan Agreement”)
and associated Promissory Note with WLoans, LLC, a Colorado limited liability
company (“WLLC”), as lender, and Jack J. Walker. The WLLC Loan
Agreement provides for a loan up to a maximum of $1,500,000 for business
purposes, at an annual interest rate of 12% (the “WLLC Loan”). Mr. Walker is the
manager of WLLC and owns a 73.3% membership interest in WLLC, with the remaining
membership interest owned by other officers and directors of the
Company. As a condition of the WLLC Loan, the Company paid WLLC a
non-refundable commitment fee of $37,500. Further, in consideration of WLLC
holding available funds equal to the principal amount not yet disbursed, the
Company must pay a non-refundable fee of 1% of the retained funds as a holding
fee, payable quarterly. If not paid sooner, the WLLC Loan, if drawn
upon, will be due and payable on April 1, 2009. We granted WLLC a
security interest in all of the Company’s assets, subordinate to the security
interests in such assets granted to FCC and First National Bank (each as
described herein). Further, in the event we receive any equity
financing, all obligations due under the WLLC Loan Agreement become immediately
due and payable. In the event of any default under the WLLC Loan
Agreement, WLLC may, at its option, declare all amounts owed immediately due and
payable, foreclose on the security interest granted, and increase the annual
rate of interest to 18%. As of March 31, 2009, loans totaling
$1,233,371 were outstanding under the WLLC Loan Agreement, including accrued
interest.
The WLLC
Loan Agreement also set forth the terms and conditions under which Mr. Walker
agreed to act as co-borrower on the First National Loan. In consideration for
Mr. Walker's agreement to act as co-borrower, the Company agreed to: (i) pay Mr.
Walker a service fee of $50,000; (ii) allow Mr. Walker to purchase the First
National Loan in the event of the Company’s default under the First National
Loan and to repay Mr. Walker any amounts expended by Mr. Walker on the First
National Loan, together with interest at an annual rate of 18%; and (iii)
terminate and release Mr. Walker from any obligation under the First National
Loan on the one-year anniversary of the execution date of the First National
Loan Agreement.
On May
19, 2009, Mr. Walker, WLLC, and the Company entered into a Loan Extension
Agreement (the “Loan Extension Agreement”) effective April 1, 2009, extending
the maturity date of the WLLC Loan until June 30, 2009. The Company
paid WLLC $5,000 in consideration for the loan extension. The balance
of principal due on the WLLC Loan as of May 19, 2009 was
$1,200,000. The parties agreed that the Company is not entitled to
any further disbursements under the WLLC Loan. In the event the
Company receives any equity financing, all obligations due under the WLLC Loan
become immediately due and payable.
On June
30, 2009, principal totaling $1,200,000 outstanding under the WLLC Loan
Agreement was converted to 1,200 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock,
and the WLLC Loan Agreement was terminated.
Revolving
Credit Facility
On June
23, 2008, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement with FCC, LLC,
d/b/a First Capital (“FCC”) (the “FCC Loan Agreement”) for a revolving credit
facility up to a maximum amount of $12,000,000 (the “Revolving Credit
Facility”). The actual amount available for borrowing under the
Revolving Credit Facility is limited at any given time to the sum of a
percentage of eligible inventory and a percentage of eligible accounts
receivable, each as defined in the FCC Loan Agreement. Mr. Walker
provided a guarantee against certain contingent liabilities related to the FCC
Loan Agreement. In return for this guarantee, the Company paid Mr.
Walker a fee of $7,500.
The
Revolving Credit Facility has an initial two-year term, with one-year renewals
thereafter. Continued availability of the Revolving Credit Facility
is subject to the Company’s compliance with customary financial and reporting
covenants. The purpose of the Revolving Credit Facility is to provide
additional working capital. As collateral for the Revolving Credit
Facility, the Company granted to FCC a first priority security interest over all
of the Company’s assets, including, but not limited to, accounts receivable,
inventory, and equipment. As of March 31, 2009, loans totaling
$5,515,685 were outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, including
accrued interest, and there was an estimated remaining availability of
approximately $120,000. The amount available under the Revolving
Credit Facility varies from day-to-day, depending on the level of sales,
accounts receivable collections, and inventory on-hand levels.
As of
June 30, 2008, the Company was not in compliance with two covenants under the
FCC Loan Agreement. As of July 31, 2008, FCC and AeroGrow executed an
amendment to the FCC Loan Agreement (the “First FCC Amendment”). The
First FCC Amendment re-set the covenant levels for June 30, 2008 and future
periods, thus waving the non-compliance as of June 30, 2008, under the old
covenants, temporarily reduced certain restrictions on the Company’s ability to
borrow against inventory, and increased the interest rate from Base Rate plus 2%
to the current rate of Base Rate plus 3.5%. After the First FCC
Amendment, the Company was in compliance with the revised covenants as of June
30, 2008.
As of
September 30, 2008, the Company was not in compliance with two covenants under
the revised FCC Loan Agreement. On October 24, 2008, FCC and the
Company executed a second amendment to the FCC Loan Agreement (the “Second FCC
Amendment”). The Second FCC Amendment waived the covenant violations
as of September 30, 2008. In addition, the Second FCC Amendment
changed the definition of Base Rate to be the higher of the prime rate or
one-month LIBOR + 2.75%, and adjusted the interest calculation under the FCC
Loan Agreement such that the interest rate resets monthly, rather than
daily.
As of
October 27, 2008, FCC and the Company executed a temporary amendment to the FCC
Loan Agreement that temporarily reduced certain restrictions on the Company’s
ability to borrow against inventory, and increased the advance rate against
inventory.
On
January 16, 2009, the Company and FCC executed a temporary amendment to the FCC
Loan Agreement that temporarily reduced certain restrictions on the Company’s
ability to borrow against inventory, and increased the advance rate against
inventory as of January 1, 2009.
As of
December 31, 2008, the Company was not in compliance with three covenants under
the revised FCC Loan Agreement. Effective as of January 31, 2009, FCC
and the Company executed a forbearance agreement related to the FCC Loan
Agreement (the “Forbearance Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the
Forbearance Agreement, FCC agreed to forbear its rights and remedies under the
FCC Loan Agreement and related documents with respect to any existing defaults
under the FCC Loan Agreement (the “Existing Defaults”) until the earlier of June
30, 2009, or the date of occurrence of a default other than the Existing
Defaults. The Forbearance Agreement also increases the Company’s
ability to borrow against inventory and accounts receivable during the term of
the Forbearance Agreement (the “Additional Borrowing Capacity”). In
return for FCC providing the forbearance period and the Additional Borrowing
Capacity, the Company agreed to pay FCC a $25,000 forbearance fee (in five
monthly installments), an amendment fee equal to 1.5% per month on the average
utilization of the Additional Borrowing Capacity, and issue to FCC a minimum of
250,000 warrants to purchase common stock of the Company at a purchase price of
$1.00 per share. Simultaneously with the execution of the Forbearance
Agreement, Mr. Walker provided a $1 million guarantee against certain
liabilities under the FCC Loan Agreement. As compensation for
providing the guarantee, the Company issued to Mr. Walker 50,000 warrants to
purchase common stock of the Company at a purchase price of $1.00 per
share.
On June
1, 2009, the Company, FCC, and Jack J. Walker, as guarantor, executed a Second
Forbearance Agreement, effective as of April 29, 2009 (the “Second Forbearance
Agreement”), in which FCC agreed to forbear from exercising its rights and
remedies under the Loan Agreement until June 30, 2009, if no further defaults
occur. The Second Forbearance Agreement also increased the advance
rate against inventory until July 1, 2009, and eliminated the Company’s
obligation to pay the monthly forbearance and amendment fees and to provide cash
flow projections. In return, AeroGrow agreed to pay FCC a fee of
$60,000 no later than June 30, 2009.
In
connection with the Second Forbearance Agreement, FCC is permitting AeroGrow to
borrow up to $800,000 more than would otherwise be permitted by the applicable
borrowing base calculation under the Loan Agreement. Such additional
borrowing must be repaid by June 30, 2009. FCC is not charging
AeroGrow a fee for this additional borrowing capacity.
As of
July 1, 2009, FCC, AeroGrow, and Jack J. Walker, as guarantor, executed an
amendment to the FCC Loan Agreement (the “Third FCC Amendment”). The
Third FCC Amendment reduced the maximum amount of the Revolving Credit Facility
to $8 million, re-set the covenant levels beginning July 1, 2009, and waived
existing defaults. In addition, the Third FCC Amendment re-set the
formulas for determining the borrowing base against which the Company can
borrow. The Third FCC Amendment also changed the definition of Base
Rate to the greater of (a) the Prime Rate, or (b) LIBOR plus 3.25%, and
increased the interest rate to Base Rate plus 4.0%. The Third FCC
Amendment provides for a $30,000 success fee to be paid by the Company to FCC on
April 30, 2010. In addition, the Third FCC Amendment replaces a
minimum borrowing fee with a fee calculated as 0.50% per annum of the daily
average unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility, payable monthly in
arrears. Finally, the Third FCC Amendment increased the annual
facility fee to 1.0% of the maximum amount of the Revolving Credit Facility,
from 0.75%.
Cash
Requirements
Over
the course of the fiscal year ending March 31, 2010, we will require cash
to:
·
|
Fund
our operations and working capital
requirements,
|
·
|
Develop
and execute our product development and market introduction
plans,
|
·
|
Execute
our sales and marketing plans,
|
·
|
Fund
research and development efforts,
and
|
·
|
Expand
our international presence, particularly in Europe and
Asia.
|
We expect
to fund these, and any other cash requirements, with cash provided by
operations, our Revolving Credit Facility, and other debt facilities, as well as
with existing cash. We will also utilize funding provided by the
issuance of $6.25 million in Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock. Our cash requirements for the fiscal year ending March 31,
2010 have been reduced by the conversion of certain accounts payable totaling $1
million into the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, the conversion of $1.4
million of accounts payable to long-term debt, and concessions we have agreed
with certain unsecured creditors to reduce the balances owed and/or defer the
timing of required payments. Based on a variety of assumptions
including, but not limited to, the level of customer and consumer demand, the
impact of cost reduction programs, and the state of the general economic
environment in which we operate, our business plan for the fiscal year ending
March 31, 2010 projects that these internal and external sources of funding will
be sufficient to meet our cash requirements for the next twelve
months.
We cannot
predict with certainty the cash and other ongoing operational requirements for
our proposed plans as market conditions, competitive pressures, regulatory
requirements, and customer requirements can change rapidly. If we are
unable to generate cash from operations at currently estimated levels, or if our
access to new borrowings under our debt agreements is constrained, or if we
cannot raise additional capital if we deem it to be necessary, our ability to
execute our operational plans could be adversely impacted. In
addition, given the high degree of uncertainty regarding the general
macroeconomic environment in which we operate and the timing of an economic
recovery, if any, it is possible that we may find it necessary to, or choose to,
raise additional funding to support our business over the next twelve
months.
At this
time, we do not expect to enter into additional capital leases to finance major
purchases. At present, we have no binding commitments with any third
parties to obtain any material amount of equity or debt financing other than the
financing arrangements described in this report. However, given our
operating history, and our expectation of future growth, we will continue to
monitor the global capital markets and may choose to raise additional capital if
market conditions prove to be favorable. The terms, conditions, and
timing of any future transactions have not been conclusively
determined.
Assessment
of Future Liquidity and Results of Operations
Liquidity. To assess
our ability to fund ongoing operating requirements over the next twelve months,
we developed assumptions regarding our business plan, projected operating cash
flow, anticipated capital expenditures, and availability under our various
existing credit facilities. Critical sources of funding, and key
assumptions include:
·
|
Our
cash of $771,029 (including restricted cash) as of March 31,
2009,
|
·
|
$3.8
million of cash raised by issuing Series A Convertible Preferred Stock,
and $1 million of existing obligations of the Company that were converted
to Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, both on June 30,
2009
|
·
|
$1.4
million of existing obligations of the Company that were converted to a
two-year, interest-bearing note.
|
·
|
$1
million in concessions we negotiated with certain of our unsecured
creditors, as well as deferred payment schedules we agreed with a number
of these, and other, unsecured
creditors.
|
·
|
The
continued availability of funding from the Revolving Credit Facility and
our other existing credit facilities. As of March 31, 2009,
there was approximately $120,000 in remaining availability under the
Revolving Credit Facility. The amount available under the
Revolving Credit Facility varies from day-to-day, depending on the level
of sales, accounts receivable collections, and inventory on-hand
levels,
|
·
|
The
continued support of our suppliers,
|
·
|
Our
anticipated sales to retail customers, international distributors, and
consumers,
|
·
|
The
anticipated level of spending to support our planned initiatives,
and
|
·
|
Our
expectations regarding cash flow from
operations.
|
The
availability of borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility is subject to
covenants and limitations that require us to maintain compliance with specified
operating and financial covenants. Although our lender agreed to
forbear its rights and remedies with respect to our non-compliance with these
covenants at March 31, 2009, there can be no assurance that we will regain
compliance with these covenants over time, as and if amended, or that our lender
will waive or forbear its rights and remedies with respect to any future
violations, especially if our borrowings increase or our operating results are
not sufficient to cover our fixed financing payments.
As of
July 1, 2009, we executed an amendment to the Revolving Credit Facility that
reduced the maximum amount of the Revolving Credit Facility to $8 million,
re-set the covenant levels beginning July 1, 2009, and waived existing
defaults. In addition, the amendment to the Revolving Credit Facility
re-set the formulas for determining the borrowing base against which the Company
can borrow (see Item 9b. Other Information and Note 11 – Subsequent Events in
the accompanying Financial Statements).
Results of Operations.
There are several factors that could affect our future results of
operations. These factors include, but are not limited to, the
following:
·
|
Sell-through
of our products by our retailer customers to consumers, and the consequent
impact on expected re-orders from our retailer
customers,
|
·
|
Uncertainty
regarding the impact of macroeconomic conditions on the retail market and
on consumer spending,
|
·
|
Uncertainty
regarding the impact of macroeconomic conditions, particularly with regard
to the capital markets, on our access to sufficient capital to support our
current and projected scale of
operations,
|
·
|
The
effectiveness of our consumer-focused marketing efforts in generating both
direct-to-consumer sales, and sales to consumers by our retailer
customers, and
|
·
|
Sufficient
capacity to meet demand and a continued, uninterrupted supply of product
from our third-party manufacturing suppliers in
China.
|
Based on
the qualifications and contingencies presented above regarding liquidity, we
believe we can execute our operating plans. However, the factors
noted above regarding results of operations could impact our expected financial
results, either positively or negatively. As a result, we cannot be
certain that third-party financial forecasts will prove to be
accurate.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
We
have certain current commitments under capital leases and have not entered into
any contacts for financial derivative such as futures, swaps and options. We do
not believe that these arrangements are material to our current or future
financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital resources or
capital expenditures.
Obligations and
Commitments
As part
of our ongoing operations, we enter into arrangements that obligate us to make
future payments under contracts, such as leases and the timing and effect that
such commitments are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future
periods. The following is a summary of these obligations as of March
31, 2009.
|
|
Less
than 1 year
|
|
|
1
-3 years
|
|
|
More
than 3 years
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital
Lease Obligations
|
|
$
|
107,239
|
|
|
$
|
32,803
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
140,042
|
|
Operating
Leases
|
|
|
613,839
|
|
|
|
909,425
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,523,264
|
|
Long
term debt
|
|
|
1,001,146
|
|
|
|
6,739,056
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
7,740,202
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Totals:
|
|
$
|
1,722,224
|
|
|
$
|
7,681,284
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
9,403,508
|
|
\
See Notes
5 and 9 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information
related to our capital and operating leases.
|
QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
|
Interest
Rate Risk
Our
interest income is most sensitive to fluctuations in the general level of U.S.
interest rates. As such, changes in U.S. interest rates affect the interest
earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, the value of
those investments. Due to the short-term nature of our cash equivalents and
investments, we have concluded that a change in interest rates does not pose a
material market risk to us with respect to our interest income. The interest
payable to our lenders is determined in part based on variable interest rates
and, therefore, is affected by changes in market interest rates. Interest rates
on our capital leases are dependent on interest rates in effect at the time the
lease is drawn upon. Total liabilities outstanding at March 31, 2009 under our
credit facilities and capital leases were approximately $7.9 million. Based
on amounts borrowed as of March 31, 2009, we would have a resulting decline in
future annual earnings and cash flows of approximately $79,000 for every one
percentage point increase in our lending rates.
Foreign
Currency Exchange Risk
We
transact business in primarily in U.S. currency. Although we purchase
our products in U.S. dollars, the prices charged by our China factories are
predicated upon their cost for components, labor and overhead. Therefore,
changes in the valuation of the U.S. dollar in relation to the Chinese currency
may cause our manufacturers to raise prices of our products which could reduce
our profit margins.
In future
periods over the long term, we anticipate we will be exposed to fluctuations in
foreign currency exchange rates on accounts receivable from sales in these
foreign currencies and the net monetary assets and liabilities of the related
foreign subsidiary. To date, however, virtually all of our
transactions have been denominated in US Dollars.
Our
financial statements appear in a separate section at the end of this Annual
Report. Such information is incorporated herein by reference.
|
CHANGES
IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
|
Gordon,
Hughes & Banks, LLP (“GHB”) has audited our financial statements annually
since inception through March 31, 2008. On November 1, 2008, GHB
resigned as our independent registered public accounting firm because it had
entered into an agreement with Eide Bailly LLP (“Eide Bailly”), pursuant to
which Eide Bailly acquired the operations of GHB. Certain of the
professional staff and shareholders of GHB joined Eide Bailly either as
employees or partners of Eide Bailly and continued to practice as members of
Eide Bailly. Concurrent with the resignation of GHB, we engaged Eide
Bailly as our independent registered public accounting firm as of November 1,
2008, through and with the approval of our Audit Committee.
The
report of GHB on our financial statements for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2008 and 2007 did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, and
was not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting
principles.
In
connection with the audit for the past two fiscal years and through November 1,
2008, there were no disagreements with GHB on any matter of accounting
principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or
procedure, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of GHB,
would have caused GHB to make reference to the subject matter of the
disagreements in connection with its audit reports on the Company’s financial
statements.
Disclosure
Controls and Procedures
The
Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal
control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2009. In making this
assessment, the Company’s management used the criteria set forth by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (“COSO”) of the Treadway Commission’s
Internal Control-Integrated Framework.
Based on
our assessment, management has concluded that, as of March 31, 2009, the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those
criteria.
Management’s
Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management
is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over
financial reporting for the Company. Internal control over financial
reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the
supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial
officers and effected by the company’s board of directors, management and other
personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and
includes those policies and procedures that:
· Pertain
to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly
reflect
the
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;
· Provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation
of
financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and that
receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance
with authorizations
of
management and directors of the company; and
· Provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition,
use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on
the financial statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not
prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Internal
control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving
financial reporting objectives because of its inherent
limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process
that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in
judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failure. Internal
control over financial reporting can also be circumvented by collusion or
improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a
risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely
basis by internal control over financial reporting. However, these
inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting
process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process
safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk.
Attestation Report of the Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm
This
Annual Report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s
independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over
financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the
Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the
SEC that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this Annual
Report.
Changes in Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting
There
have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the
fourth quarter of fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 that have or are
reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial
reporting identified in connection with the previously mentioned
evaluation.
On April
16, 2009, the Company was notified by The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) that
the Company had not paid certain fees required by Listing Rule
5210(d). On April 30, 2009, Nasdaq notified the Company that the
Nasdaq Hearing Panel had determined to delist the
Company. Accordingly, Nasdaq suspended trading in the Company’s
shares at the open of business on Monday, May 4, 2009. On May 4,
2009, the Company’s shares began trading on the Pink Sheets OTC
Market. On June 8, 2009, the Company’s shares began trading on the
OTC Bulletin Board.
On April
16, 2009, the Company was notified by The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) that
the Company had not paid certain fees required by Listing Rule
5210(d). On April 30, 2009, Nasdaq notified the Company that the
Nasdaq Hearing Panel had determined to delist the
Company. Accordingly, Nasdaq suspended trading in the Company’s
shares at the open of business on Monday, May 4, 2009. On May 4,
2009, the Company’s shares began trading on the Pink Sheets OTC
Market. On June 8, 2009, the Company’s shares began trading on the
OTC Bulletin Board.
During
June 2009, the Company entered into a series of transactions to raise new
capital and to enhance liquidity.
·
|
Issuance of Series A
Convertible Preferred Stock – On June 30, 2009, the Company issued
6,836 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A
Shares”) for aggregate consideration totaling $6,250,341. 2,690
Series A Shares were issued in exchange for cash invested into the Company
totaling $2,690,000. 2,332 Series A Shares were issued in
exchange for the release of existing obligations of the Company totaling
$2,332,000. 1,642 Series A Shares were issued in exchange for a
combination of $950,000 in cash, 924,703 shares of the Company’s common
stock, and 462,352 warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common
stock. 172 Series A Shares were issued in exchange for $172,000
in short term notes receivable having maturities of 90 days or
less.
|
The
Series A Shares carry certain rights, preferences and designations, including
the right to convert each Series A Share into 5,000 shares of the Company’s
common stock. Each Series A Share has an original issue price of
$1,000. In addition, the Series A Shares were issued with a total of
3,414 warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase additional Series A Shares at an
exercise price of $1,250 per Series A Share. The exercise period for
the Warrants expires five years from the date of issuance. The
holders of the Series A Shares are entitled to receive cumulative dividends in
preference to any dividend on the Company’s common stock at the rate of 8% of
the original issue price per annum, and are entitled to participate pro rata in
any dividends paid on the Company’s common stock on as as-if-converted
basis. In the event of a sale, liquidation, or other winding up of
the Company, the holders of the Series A Shares are entitled to receive in
preference to the holders of the Company’s common stock a per share amount equal
to the greater of (i) 1.5 times the original issue price, plus any accrued but
unpaid dividends or (ii) the amount that the holder of a Series A Share would
otherwise receive in such event on an as-converted to common stock
basis. The holders of the Series A Shares will vote along with
holders of the Company’s common stock on an as-if-converted
basis. Each Series A Share shall have a number of votes equal to the
number of shares of the Company’s common stock then issuable upon conversion of
such Series A Share. In addition, the holders of the Series A Shares
are entitled to elect three members of the Company’s Board of Directors by an
affirmative vote or consent of the holders of at least a majority of the
outstanding Series A Shares, voting together as a single class. The
Series A shares also carry certain other rights, including the right to block
certain actions of the Company unless such actions are approved by a vote of the
holders of the Series A Shares voting together as a single class, anti-dilution
provisions, and other rights and preferences commonly associated with preferred
shares.
As a
result of the issuance of the Series A Shares, holders of the Series A shares
acting individually together will have the power to direct the affairs of
AeroGrow and elect all of AeroGrow’s directors. See “Item
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
and Related Stockholder Matters.”
The
issuance of the Series A Shares was conducted in reliance upon exemptions from
registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”), including, without limitation, those under Regulation D promulgated under
the Securities Act. The Series A Shares were offered and sold only to
investors who are “accredited investors,” as defined in Rule 501 under the
Securities Act.
·
|
Amendment to Revolving
Credit Facility – Effective as of July 1, 2009, FCC, AeroGrow, and
Jack J. Walker, as guarantor, executed an amendment to the FCC Loan
Agreement (the “Third FCC Amendment”). The Third FCC Amendment
reduced the maximum amount of the Revolving Credit Facility to $8 million,
re-set the covenant levels beginning July 1, 2009, and waived existing
defaults. In addition, the Third FCC Amendment re-set the
formulas for determining the borrowing base against which the Company can
borrow. The Third FCC Amendment also changed the definition of
Base Rate to the greater of (a) the Prime Rate, or (b) LIBOR plus 3.25%,
and increased the interest rate to Base Rate plus 4.0%. The
Third FCC Amendment provides for a $30,000 success fee to be paid by the
Company to FCC on April 30, 2010. In addition, the Third FCC
Amendment replaces a minimum borrowing fee with a fee calculated as 0.50%
per annum of the daily average unused portion of the Revolving Credit
Facility, payable monthly in arrears. Finally, the Third FCC
Amendment increased the annual facility fee to 1.0% of the maximum amount
of the Revolving Credit Facility, from
0.75%.
|
·
|
Accounts Payable
Conversion to Long-term Debt – On June 30, 2009, the Company
executed a Promissory Note (the “Promissory Note”) and, along with
MainPower Electrical Factory, Ltd. (“MainPower), executed a Letter
Agreement (the “Letter Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of
the Letter Agreement, MainPower agreed to release the Company from
$1,388,190.79 of existing accounts payable obligations owed by the Company
to MainPower in return for the Company executing the Promissory Note for
the same amount. In addition, the Letter Agreement included
other provisions relating to the terms and conditions under which AeroGrow
will purchase AeroGarden products from MainPower. The
Promissory Note has a final maturity of June 30, 2011 and carries an
interest rate of 8% per annum, with interest accrued and added to the
principal amount of the Promissory Note for the first
year. During the second year of the Promissory Note, interest
is due and payable quarterly. Principal payments of
$150,000 are due and payable monthly beginning January 31, 2011, with a
final payment of all principal and accrued but unpaid interest due on June
30, 2011.
|
·
|
Adjustments to the
Amounts and Timing of Payment Against Accounts Payable Balances Due
– During June 2009, the Company reached agreement with certain suppliers
of goods and services (the “Suppliers”) to reduce the amounts of existing
accounts payable obligations owed by the Company to the
Suppliers. In aggregate, the accounts payable obligations were
reduced by approximately $1 million. The impact of the
reduction in accounts payable obligations will be reflected in the
Company’s financial statements for the three months ended June 30,
2009. In addition, deferred payment schedules were agreed with
certain of the Suppliers.
|
On
June 29, 2009, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment
to the Company’s Bylaws to opt out of the control shares provisions of the
Nevada Revised Statutes.
|
DIRECTORS,
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE
|
Directors and
Officers
The following table shows the names and
ages of our directors and executive officers and the positions they hold with
us. Our bylaws provide that directors are generally elected at our
annual shareholders meeting and hold office until the next annual shareholders
meeting and until their successors are elected and qualified. Our
bylaws provide that our board of directors (the “Board”) shall consist of such
number of members as the Board may determine from time to time, but not less
than one and not more than 15. In addition, pursuant to the bylaws,
the Board may add members as needed. The Board currently consists of
six individuals. Executive officers are selected by the Board and
serve until their termination or the appointment of a successor.
Name
|
Age
|
Position
with AeroGrow
|
Served
as a Director Since
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chairman,
Board of Directors
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer, President, and Director
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jack J. Walker has
been a director since the February 23, 2006 annual meeting of shareholders, and
became Chairman as of July 23, 2008. He is the Managing Member of
Walker Enterprises LLLP, a real estate investment and development company, since
2000. He is on the Board of Pathogen Systems, Inc and Modern Hotels
Limited. He is an English Solicitor and began his career in 1956 in
London, England. In 1968 he founded English & Continental
Property Company, and served as Joint Managing Director of this commercial
property development company, which operated in Europe with over 200 staff,
until its sale to the Post Office Pension Fund in 1973. From 1973 he
controlled several English listed companies, including Charles Spreckly
Industries, Town & Commercial Properties and Associated Development
Holdings, with worldwide interests and over 3,500 employees. Mr.
Walker served as a director of supermarket group Megafoods Stores, Inc from 1987
to 1993, and was CFO for part of that time. Mr. Walker created the
Walker Foundation for Charitable Activities in England, and serves as a director
of various civic and charitable organizations.
Linda Graebner has been a
director since July 2, 2008. From June 1993 to January 2007, Ms. Graebner served
as President and CEO of Tilia Inc., a leading manufacturer of premier lines of
small electric kitchen appliances (FoodSaver® and
VillaWare® brands)
with annual revenues in excess of $200 million. She managed the sale of this
privately held company to Jarden Corporation in 2002. Ms. Graebner has served on
multiple boards, including Bradshaw International Inc., Wine.com, Inc., the
Association of Corporate Growth, and Pacific Community Ventures, and as Chairman
of the International Housewares Association.
Peter A. Michel has been a
director since July 2, 2008. Since 2006, Mr. Michel has been employed
as President and CEO of iSECUREtrac Corporation, a leading provider of
electronic monitoring systems. From 2005 to 2006, he was an operations
team member of Cerberus Capital Management, L.P., where he provided operations
turnaround/enhancement advice and services and served as fulltime interim CEO
when required for portfolio companies of this private investment
firm. Mr. Michel was previously President and CEO of General Fiber
Communications, Inc. on an interim basis from May 23, 2005 to July 8,
2005. The Company filed for Chapter 7 Bankruptcy on July 8,
2005. From 2003 to 2004 he served as President and CEO of NEP Broadcasting,
L.L.C. where he led the sale of the business to private equity
investors. He has led four companies as CEO, including Brink's Home
Security, a $258 million leader in high-tech home protection services supporting
over 700,000 households in more than 100 markets and 42 states. Mr.
Michel is currently on the board of iSECUREtrac Corporation,
ISEC.OB.
Suresh Kumar
has been a director since July 2, 2008. Mr. Kumar has been the
President and Managing Partner of KaiZen Innovation, LLC, a management advisory
firm that specializes in installing global marketing processes and programs,
since January of 2004. From 2006 to 2007, he was special advisor to
the Clinton Foundation working closely with the principals and
governments to establish private-public partnerships that stimulate
international economic development. From 1999 to 2003, Mr. Kumar
served as head of Worldwide Consumer Pharmaceuticals for Johnson & Johnson,
where he was responsible for all aspects of a $580 million (revenue) consumer
medicines business in Asia, Latin America, and Europe. From 1993 to
1999, Mr. Kumar served as the Marketing Director, Consumer Healthcare, then Vice
President, Consumer Products, Latin America & Asia, for Warner Lambert,
USA.
Michael
D. Dingman, Jr. has been a director since July 2,
2008. Mr. Dingman served as Chief Investment Administration Officer
for Spencer Trask & Co, a venture capital firm based in New York City, from
April 2008 through March 2009, where he was responsible for restructurings,
recapitalizations, and the development and implementation of strategies to
enhance the value and liquidity of individual portfolio
companies. From June 2006 to July 2007, Mr. Dingman was chief
financial officer of Local Matters, Inc., a pre-IPO software and media services
company supporting yellow pages and delivery assistance providers, where he was
responsible for the financial and capital markets strategies, budgeting, and
forecasting. From September 2000 until April 2006, Mr. Dingman served
as the chief financial officer of Intrado Inc., a provider of 911 information
services and systems to telecommunications companies, where he was responsible
for budgeting, forecasting, investor relations, capital market and financial
strategy development and all aspects of the accounting/financial reporting
functions. Prior to joining Intrado, from March 1999 to August 2000,
Mr. Dingman was the chief financial officer and treasurer of Internet Commerce
and Communication (formerly RMI NET, Inc.). Mr. Dingman's prior work
experience includes five years of banking in merger and acquisitions with Lazard
Freres in New York during the late 1980s, three years as an independent
consultant specializing in debt restructuring and workouts during the early
1990s, and five years as an investment advisor specializing in corporate
retirement plans and high-net-worth accounts.
Jervis B. Perkins has
been Chief Executive Officer and a director of AeroGrow since March 2008, and
President and Chief Operating Officer since November 2007. From
January 2003 to May 2006, Mr. Perkins served as President and Chief Operating
Officer of Johnson Outdoors, Inc., a publicly-traded global manufacturer of
outdoor recreation products with revenue of approximately $400 million per
year. At Johnson Outdoors, Mr. Perkins was directly responsible for
all aspects of sales, marketing, product development, manufacturing, and
distribution. From 1995 to 2003, Mr. Perkins served as Executive Vice
President and General Manager at Brunswick Corporation, a leading consumer
brands company. Prior to Brunswick, Mr. Perkins worked at Quaker Oats
for 17 years, serving in a variety of general management and senior marketing
roles.
H. MacGregor Clarke
became Chief Financial Officer on May 23, 2008. From 2007 to
2008, Mr. Clarke was president and chief executive officer, and from 2006 to
2007, chief financial officer, of Ankmar, LLC, a garage door manufacturer,
distributor and installer. From 2003 to 2006, Mr. Clarke was a senior
investment banker with FMI Corporation, a management consulting and investment
banking firm serving the building and construction industry. At FMI
Corporation, Mr. Clarke was responsible for delivering consulting and investment
banking services to clients, and for marketing to prospective clients in the
financial services industry. From 1997 to 2002, Mr. Clarke served as
an operating group chief financial officer, then vice president and general
manager for Johns Manville Corporation, a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway
Inc. Mr. Clarke also served as vice president, corporate treasurer,
and international division chief financial officer for The Coleman Company,
Inc. Prior to Coleman, Mr. Clarke was with PepsiCo, Inc. for over
nine years and served in a range of financial roles, including director of
corporate strategic planning, where he led strategy and planning related to the
worldwide beverage sector.
Jeffrey M. Brainard has been Vice President,
Sales at AeroGrow since joining the company in March 2006. From 2003
to 2006, Mr. Brainard was vice president of sales and marketing for Tensor
Lighting, a manufacturer and marketer of task and functional
lighting. From 2000 to 2002 he was senior vice president of sales for
The Holmes Group, a manufacturer and marketer of kitchen appliances and seasonal
appliances, including products under the brand names Holmes, Pollenex, Bionaire,
Rival, and Family Care. Previously, Mr. Brainard held various
positions in sales and marketing with Brita Water Filters, a division of the
Clorox Company, over an 11 year period.
Board
Committees and Meetings
We
have established three standing committees so that certain matters can be
addressed in more depth than may be possible in a full Board meeting: an Audit
Committee, a Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee, and a Special
Committee. These first two committees each operate under a written
charter. The Special Committee is governed by a set of Board
resolutions.
Audit
Committee. The current members of our Audit Committee are Mr.
Dingman (chairman), Mr. Kumar, and Mr. Michel. The members were
elected to the committee, and the chairman was appointed, by the
Board. Mr. Dingman is considered a financial expert and Messrs Kumar
and Michel are considered financially literate under the rules of the SEC for
audit committee members. The Board has affirmatively determined that each
of these persons is an independent director as defined by applicable securities
law and NASDAQ corporate governance guidelines. The Audit Committee’s
charter provides that the committee shall:
|
·
|
oversee
the accounting and financial reporting processes and audits of the
financial statements;
|
|
·
|
assist
the Board with oversight of the integrity of our financial statements, the
Company’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, its
independent auditors’ qualifications, and independence and the performance
of the independent auditors; and
|
|
·
|
provide
the Board with the results of its
monitoring.
|
Governance, Compensation
and Nominating Committee. The current members of the
Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee are Mr. Michel
(chairman), Mr. Kumar, and Ms. Graebner. The Board has affirmatively
determined that each of these persons is an independent director as defined by
applicable securities law and NASDAQ corporate governance guidelines. The
members were elected to the committee, and the chairman was appointed, by the
Board. The Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee’s
charter provides that the committee shall:
|
·
|
recommend
to the Board the corporate governance guidelines to be
followed;
|
|
·
|
review
and recommend the nomination of Board
members;
|
|
·
|
set
the compensation for the chief executive officer and other officers;
and
|
|
·
|
administer
the equity-based performance compensation plans of
AeroGrow.
|
Special
Committee. The current members of the Special Committee are Mr.
Dingman (chairman), Ms. Graebner, Mr. Kumar, and Mr. Michel. The
Board has affirmatively determined that each of these persons is an independent
director as defined by applicable securities law and NASDAQ corporate governance
guidelines. The resolutions forming the Special Committee provide
that the committee shall:
|
·
|
consider
all possible strategic alternatives for the Company which may be available
from time to time;
|
|
·
|
negotiate
the terms and conditions of any such alternatives to the best interests of
the Company and its shareholders;
and
|
|
·
|
make
recommendations to the Board and shareholders regarding any such
alternatives.
|
Meetings. During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 the Board met four times and held twelve
conference calls. Each director attended all of the meetings held by
the Board during the period that he or she served as a director of
AeroGrow. Ms. Graebner missed two of the conference calls while
traveling. Also during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, the
Audit Committee met three times and held three conference calls; the Governance,
Compensation and Nominating Committee met three times and held four conference
calls. There were no member absences from any of the committee
meetings or conference calls, except for one Governance, Compensation and
Nominating Committee conference call, in which Ms. Graebner was unable to
participate.
Code of
Ethics
We have
adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to each of our employees, executive
officers, and directors. A copy is available free of charge in the
“Investor” section of our website at www.aerogrow.com. Any
amendment to or waiver of the Code of Ethics will be disclosed promptly
following the date of such amendment or waiver in a Current Report on Form
8-K.
Section 16(a) Beneficial
Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a)
of the Exchange Act requires our executive officers and directors, and persons
who own more than 10% of our common stock (herein collectively, our
“Section 16 insiders”) to file certain forms reporting their ownership and
changes in ownership of our stock with the SEC, and to furnish us with copies of
these filings.
Based
solely on our review of the copies of such forms that we received and written
representations from our Section 16 insiders, we believe that all of our
Section 16 insiders complied with their Section 16(a) reporting obligations
for Fiscal 2009 with one exception. Dennis A. Channer, a former
director who resigned from the Board of Directors effective July 2, 2008, sold
AeroGrow common stock on December 31, 2008 and his Form 4 was filed late on
January 6, 2009.
COMPENSATION
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Compensation
Philosophy
The Governance,
Compensation and Nominating Committee of our Board is responsible for guiding
and overseeing the formulation and application of the compensation and benefit
programs for our executive officers. The Committee acts pursuant to a
charter that has been approved by our Board. None of our executive
officers are members of the Governance, Compensation and Nominating
Committee.
The
Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee believes that the most
effective compensation program is one that is designed to reward the achievement
of specific annual, long-term, and strategic goals by AeroGrow, and which aligns
executives’ interests with those of the stockholders by rewarding performance
above established goals, with the ultimate objective of increasing stockholder
value. The Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee
evaluates both performance and compensation to ensure that AeroGrow
maintains its ability to attract and retain superior employees in key positions
and that compensation provided to key employees remains competitive relative to
the compensation paid to similarly situated executives of our peer
companies. Accordingly, the Governance, Compensation and Nominating
Committee believes executive compensation packages provided by AeroGrow to its
executives, including the executive officers, should include salary
compensation, annual cash incentives based on fundamental measures of financial
performance, and longer-term stock-based compensation.
Compensation
Objectives
The
Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee has worked with AeroGrow’s
management to design compensation programs that encourage high performance,
promote accountability and assure that employee interests are aligned with the
interests of AeroGrow’s stockholders. The primary objectives of our
executive compensation policies are to:
·
|
attract,
retain, and motivate highly qualified executives utilizing a mix of
compensation opportunities that include fixed short-term as well as
performance-related medium and long-term incentives tied to measurable
results;
|
·
|
reward
executives based upon our financial performance at levels competitive with
peer companies;
|
·
|
ensure
that the compensation amounts do not exceed what the company can
reasonably afford by regularly measuring total compensation for all
employees against a variety of financial metrics, including net income;
and
|
·
|
align
a significant portion of the executives’ compensation with AeroGrow’s
performance and stockholder value, by using performance-based executive
bonuses and long-term equity
incentives.
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We
compensate our executives through a mix of base salary, bonus, and equity
compensation designed to be competitive with comparable employers and to align
management’s incentives with the long-term interests of our
stockholders.
Competitive
Benchmarking
In making
compensation decisions, the Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee,
may compare certain elements of total compensation against other comparable
publicly-traded and privately-held companies that compete in our markets
(“Compensation Peers”). The Compensation Peers consist of companies
which the Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee believes to be
comparable in terms of size and market composition (primarily in AeroGrow’s
market area), and in certain instances, which compete for talent and for
stockholder investment. The Compensation Peers are not utilized by
the Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee strictly as a formal peer
group, but are instead used as a reference source, from time to time, as to
certain specific compensation issues, such as the extent of usage of stock
options as a compensation component.
A
significant percentage of total compensation is allocated to incentive
compensation as a result of the philosophy mentioned above. There is
no pre-established policy or target for the allocation between either cash and
non-cash or short-term and long-term incentive compensation. Rather,
the Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee reviews information such
as that referenced above with respect to the Compensation Peers to determine the
appropriate level and mix of incentive compensation. Income from such
incentive compensation is realized as a result of the performance of AeroGrow or
the individual, depending on the type of award.
Compensation
Process
The
Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee reviews the benchmarking and
performance results presented by management in determining the appropriate
aggregate and individual compensation levels for the performance
year. In conducting its review, the Governance, Compensation and
Nominating Committee considers quantitative performance results, the overall
need of the organization to attract, retain and motivate the executive team, and
the total cost of compensation programs.
Generally,
base salaries and annual incentive awards will be reviewed at the end of each
fiscal year with changes made to the base salaries effective April 1 of the
following fiscal year. Whether an individual’s salaries and incentive awards are
increased or decreased depends on the individual’s performance as well as that
of the Company.
Stock
options and other stock grants are reviewed and approved at meetings of the
Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee and the full
Board. By establishing the meeting schedule and agenda for these
grants in advance, AeroGrow diminishes any opportunity for manipulation of
exercise prices on option grants to the extent any recipients are in possession
of non-public information at the time of the meetings. Approval of
grants for any newly-hired or promoted executives during the course of the year
generally occurs at the Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee’s
meeting immediately following the hiring or promotion.
Role
of Executive Officers in Compensation Decisions
The
Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee makes all compensation
decisions for the executive officers and approves recommendations regarding
equity awards to all elected officers of AeroGrow. The Chief
Executive Officer annually reviews the performance of each Named Executive
Officer (other than the Chief Executive Officer, whose performance is reviewed
by the Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee). “Named
Executive Officers” are the Company’s (i) Chief Executive Officer and (ii) other
two most highly compensated executive officers based on SEC regulations. The
conclusions reached and recommendations based on these reviews, including with
respect to salary adjustments and annual award amounts, are presented to the
Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee. The Governance,
Compensation and Nominating Committee can exercise its discretion in modifying
any recommended adjustments or awards to executives.
Components
of Total Compensation
For
Fiscal 2009, the principal components of compensation for executive officers
were:
·
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annual
incentive compensation;
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·
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benefits
and other perquisites.
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Each
component is designed to achieve a specific purpose and to contribute to a total
package that is competitive, appropriately performance-based, and valued by
AeroGrow’s executives.
Base
Salaries
AeroGrow
provides executive officers and other employees with base salary to compensate
them for services rendered during the fiscal year. Base salary ranges
for executive officers are determined for each executive based on his or her
position and responsibility. During its review of base salaries for
executives, the Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee primarily
considers:
·
|
individual
scope of responsibility;
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·
|
market
data, such as that obtained from a review of our Compensation
Peers;
|
·
|
internal
review of the executive’s compensation, both individually and relative to
other officers; and
|
·
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individual
performance of the executive.
|
Salary
levels are typically considered annually as part of AeroGrow’s performance
review process as well as upon a promotion or other change in job
responsibility.
Performance-Based
Annual Incentive Compensation
Though markets dictate that base
salaries must be competitive, AeroGrow is moving towards basing a greater
proportion of its executive compensation on the achievement of
measurable individual and company results through the award of annual incentive
bonuses. These bonuses are often tied to a percentage of the Company’s EBITDA as well as to other financial goals
and metrics. By
increasing variable pay as a percentage of total compensation, AeroGrow can
better align executive compensation with value delivered to its
shareholders. This limits fixed costs and also results in higher pay
occurring only in years when merited by high performance.
Long
Term Stock-based Compensation
This category of awards covers options
granted to executives out of the Company’s 2005 Equity Compensation Program, and
that vest over time, at different rates for different
executives. Because these awards vest over time and become more
valuable to the recipient only as AeroGrow’s stock price increases, the
Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee believes these are a useful
form of long-term incentive compensation, with the potential to directly align
the interests of shareholders and management.
Liquidity
Performance Award Plan
On March
23, 2009, the Board, upon recommendation by the Governance, Compensation and
Nominating Committee, adopted a Liquidity Performance Award Plan, which provides
compensation to certain executives in the event of a Company Sale if certain
conditions are met. The covered executives qualify for a payment
under the Liquidity Performance Award Plan if (a) the value of all cash,
securities, and other consideration actually received by the holders of the
Company’s outstanding capital stock in connection with the Company Sale is
$2,000,000 or more, and (b) the covered executive is employed by the
Company at the time of the Company Sale. All awards will
be reduced by any proceeds received by a covered executive in respect of Company
stock options held by such covered executive. The aggregate maximum
amount payable to all participants under this plan is $500,000. Under
the Liquidity Performance Award Plan’s formula, the following executives are
eligible for the listed awards:
Jervis
B. Perkins
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President
and Chief Executive Officer
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$150,000
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H.
MacGregor Clarke
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Chief
Financial Officer and Treasurer
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$100,000
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Jeffrey
M. Brainard
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Vice
President of Sales
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$
50,000
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All
other participants (in aggregate)
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|
$200,000
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COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS AND
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Executive
Compensation
Executives and Employment
Arrangements
The
following discussion and table relate to compensation arrangements on behalf of,
and compensation paid by us to our Named Executive Officers who were employed by
the Company as of March 31, 2009, for Fiscal 2009.
Employment
Contracts
We have
entered into employment agreements with Jervis B. Perkins, H. MacGregor Clarke,
and Jeffrey M. Brainard.
Jervis
B. Perkins
The
employment agreement for Mr. Perkins, dated as of March 1, 2008 (the “Perkins
Agreement”), provides that he will be employed as the Chief Executive Officer of
the Company. He must devote his entire business
time to the affairs of the Company. The initial term is one year and
renewable for successive one year terms. Mr. Perkins
is entitled
to receive
base compensation of $300,000 per year, and an annual bonus of not less than
2.0% of EBITDA. As of
December 8, 2008, Mr. Perkins agreed to temporarily defer 20% of his
salary. Mr. Perkins may be eligible to receive an additional annual
cash bonus based upon an increase in the stock price of the Company over the
previous year (as calculated under the Agreement). Under this
provision, an increase of less than 33% will yield no bonus, an increase of 33%
to 49% will yield a bonus of $50,000, an increase of 50% to 99% will yield a
bonus of $100,000, and an increase of 100% or greater will yield a bonus of
$200,000. Mr. Perkins is entitled to reimbursement for car
expenses at the rate of $1,000 per month. The agreement also provides
for medical, vacation and other benefits commensurate with the policies and
programs adopted by us for our senior executives. If the Company
terminates the employment of Mr. Perkins without cause (as determined under the
Perkins Agreement), then Mr. Perkins will be entitled to receive his base salary
for 12 months following the date of termination, and a pro-rated portion of his
annual cash bonus. During the first three months of the Perkins
Agreement, the Company paid Mr. Perkins’s reasonably incurred commuting expenses
from Chicago, Illinois to Boulder, Colorado, including airline travel, rental
housing or hotel charges, and rental cars or car service. Mr. Perkins
was granted five-year options, subject to shareholder approval at the next
annual meeting, to purchase 216,666 shares of the Company’s common stock on
March 1, 2008, under the Company’s 2005 Equity Compensation Plan. The
exercise price is $4.74, the price of the Company’s common stock at market close
on the day of the grant. On March 1, 2008, 43,334 of the options
vested. One quarter of the remaining options will vest every six
months thereafter, starting on September 1, 2008, and ending on March 1,
2010. Under his previous employment agreement, dated November 12,
2007, Mr. Perkins was granted five-year options to purchase 33,334 shares of the
Company’s common stock on February 1, 2008, under the Company’s 2005 Equity
Compensation Plan. The options have a $5.85 exercise price, which was
the price of the Company’s common stock at market close on the day of grant, and
were fully vested on the day of grant. On March 4, 2009, Mr. Perkins
was granted five-year options to purchase 300,000 shares of AeroGrow’s common
stock under the Company’s 2005 Equity Compensation Plan. The options
have an exercise price of $0.18 per share which was the price at market close on
the date of grant. The options vest quarterly over a two-year
period. For Fiscal 2009, the Company paid Mr. Perkins $294,692 in
cash compensation and expensed $112,798 in equity compensation.
H.
MacGregor Clarke
The
employment agreement for Mr. Clarke, dated as of May 23, 2008 (the “Clarke
Agreement”), provides that he will be employed as the Chief Financial Officer of
the Company. He must devote all of his business time to the affairs
of the Company. The initial term is one year ending May 23, 2009, and
renewable for successive one year terms. Mr. Clarke is entitled to
receive base compensation of $200,000 per year and an annual bonus of not less
than 1.5% EBITDA of the Company, as determined by our annual financial
statements and prorated for any portion of such annual period covered under the
Clarke Agreement. As of December 8, 2008,
Mr. Clarke agreed to temporarily defer 20% of
his salary. Mr. Clarke is entitled to reimbursement for car
expenses at the rate of $750 per month. The Clarke Agreement also
provides for medical, vacation, and other benefits commensurate with the
policies and programs as adopted by us for our senior executives. If
the Company terminates the employment of Mr. Clarke without cause (as determined
under the Clarke Agreement), then Mr. Clarke will be entitled to receive his
base salary for 12 months following the date of termination, and a prorated
portion of his annual cash bonus. Further, pursuant to the Clarke
Agreement, Mr. Clarke was granted five year options to purchase our common stock
under the 2005 Equity Compensation Plan on three different dates. The
first grant was for 30,000 fully vested options to purchase the common stock of
the Company on June 1, 2008 at an exercise price of $2.60 per
share. On July 1, 2008, Mr. Clarke was granted 60,000 options to
purchase our common stock at an exercise price of $2.07 per
share. The vesting schedule for these options is 50% as of December
1, 2008 and 50% as of June 1, 2009. The final grant of options per
the Clarke Agreement was on October 1, 2008. The grant was for 60,000
options to purchase common stock of the Company at an exercise price of $2.86
per share with a vesting schedule of 50% on December 1, 2009 and 50% on June 1,
2010. The exercise prices of these options are equal to the price of
the Company’s common stock at market close on the dates of grant. On
March 4, 2009, Mr. Clarke was granted five-year options to purchase 200,000
shares of AeroGrow’s common stock under the Company’s 2005 Equity Compensation
Plan. The options have an exercise price of $0.18 per share which was
the price at market close on the date of grant. The options vest
quarterly over a two-year period. For Fiscal 2009, the Company paid Mr. Clarke
$162,490 in cash compensation and expensed $134,257 in equity
compensation.
Jeffrey M. Brainard
The
employment agreement for Mr. Brainard, dated as of March 31, 2006 (the
“Brainard Agreement”), provides that he will be employed as the Vice President,
Sales of the Company. He must devote his entire business time to the affairs of
the Company, working from his home office in Lexington, Massachusetts. The
initial term was two years and renewable for successive one year terms. Mr.
Brainard is entitled to receive base compensation of $150,000 per year and an
annual bonus in an amount not less than the greater of: (i) $50,000;
(ii) 0.5 per cent of retail net sales, net of all customer deductions
including but not limited to returns, allowances, bad debts and other
deductions; or (iii) 1.5% of the EBITDA of the Company as determined by our
annual financial statements and pro-rated for any portion of such annual period
covered under this agreement. The
bonus amount due for Fiscal 2007 was paid in installments in accordance with the
terms of the Brainard Agreement. The Brainard Agreement also provides
for medical, vacation, and other benefits commensurate with the policies and
programs adopted by us for our senior executives. Further, pursuant to the
Brainard Agreement, Mr. Brainard was granted 125,000 options to purchase
our common stock under our 2005 Plan at an exercise price of $5.00. The options
will: (i) vest pursuant to a schedule that provides for vesting of at least
of 33% of the amount of the grant at the date granted and 33% per each 12-month
period from the date of grant; (ii) not expire in less than five years from
the date of grant; and (iii) be subject to other standard terms and
conditions under the 2005 Plan. Under the Brainard Agreement, Mr. Brainard was
also entitled to grants of shares of our common stock equal in value to $25,000
semi-annually until such time as his salary reached a rate of $200,000 annually.
The first 5,000 shares (valued at a price of $5.00 per share) were granted
immediately upon Mr. Brainard’s joining AeroGrow, and 5,000 additional shares
were granted six months thereafter. Effective March 31, 2007, Mr. Brainard’s
salary was increased to $200,000 annually. Effective April 1, 2008, Mr.
Brainard’s salary was increased to $206,000 annually. However, as of
December 8, 2008, Mr. Brainard agreed to temporarily defer 20% of his
salary. Mr. Brainard has agreed to regular confidentiality and
inventions assignment provisions and agreed not to compete with AeroGrow for a
period equal to the term employed after the termination of employment. If
Mr. Brainard is terminated without cause by us or Mr. Brainard
terminates under certain circumstances constituting a breach of the agreement by
us, Mr. Brainard shall be entitled to receive severance compensation
equivalent to six months base salary and a pro rata bonus. In addition, if Mr.
Brainard is terminated in the event of a change in control of AeroGrow,
including a change in chief executive officer, Mr. Brainard shall be
entitled to receive severance equal to his base salary for one year. On
March 4, 2009, Mr. Brainard was granted five-year options to purchase 100,000
shares of AeroGrow’s common stock under the Company’s 2005 Equity Compensation
Plan. The options have an exercise price of $0.18 per share which was
the price at market close on the date of grant. The options vest
quarterly over a two-year period. Mr. Brainard received $321,977 in
cash compensation and expensed $333 in equity compensation from the Company
during Fiscal 2009.
Other
Company officers who do not qualify as Named Executive Officers are employed on
an “at will” basis subject to varying lengths of employment agreements and
severance agreements.
Summary
Compensation Table
The
following table sets forth information regarding all forms of compensation
received by the Named Executive Officers during Fiscal 2009. Fiscal 2008 and the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2007 (“Fiscal 2007”):
Name
and Principal Position
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Fiscal
Year
|
|
Salary
Paid
|
|
Bonus
|
|
|
Stock
Awards
|
|
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