Oil and Gas Properties

 

We believe that the Wattenberg and Niobrara Shale plays represent among the most promising unconventional oil and natural gas plays in the U.S. We plan to continue to seek additional acreage proximate to our currently held core acreage. Our strategy is to be the operator, directly or through our subsidiaries and joint ventures, in the majority of our acreage so we can dictate the pace of development in order to execute our business plan. The majority of our capital expenditure budget for the period from January 2015 to December 2015 has been and will continue to be focused on the acquisition, development and expansion of these formations. The Company is currently working with Dome Energy to prepare a projected drilling and completion schedule and budget assuming the Company’s acquisition of Dome US is consummated, which could impact our current 2015 drilling and completion plans.

 

 

Unless otherwise noted, the following table presents summary data for our leasehold acreage in our core areas as of December 31, 2014 and our drilling capital budget with respect to this acreage from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015, subject to availability of capital.

 

 

														Drilling & Land Acquisition Capital Budget January 1, 2015 - December 31, 2015
Current Core Assets:		Net Acres				Acre Spacing				Potential Gross -Drilling Locations (2)				Gross Wells				Net Wells				Gross Costs per Well (3)				Capital Cost to the Company (3)
D-J Basin Asset (1)			26,990				40-80				971
Long lateral															12				3.4			$	6,500,000			$	22,100,000
Short lateral															2				0.1			$	3,300,000			$	330,000
Lease renewal																										$	1,700,000
Total Assets			26,990								971				14				3.5							$	24,130,000

 

 

(1)

Takes into account the impact of our completed transactions for the D-J Basin Acquisition and the divestiture of non-core legacy Niobrara assets to MIEJ previously discussed.

(2)

Potential gross drilling locations are calculated using the acre spacings specified for each area in the table and adjusted assuming forced pooling in the Niobrara. Colorado, where the D-J Basin Asset is located, allows for forced pooling, which may create more potential gross drilling locations than acre spacing alone would otherwise indicate. 40 acre spacing assumed for certain acreage and 80 acre spacing is assumed for certain acreage.

 

(3)	Costs per well are gross costs while capital costs presented are net to the Company’s working interests.

 

 

Unless otherwise noted, the following table presents summary data for our leasehold acreage in our core areas as of December 31, 2014 and our drilling capital budget with respect to this acreage from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015, assuming completion of our planned combination with Dome Energy, subject to availability of capital.

 

														Drilling & Land Acquisition Capital Budget January 1, 2015 - December 31, 2015
Current Core Assets:		Net Acres				Acre Spacing				Potential Gross -Drilling Locations (2)				Gross Wells				Net Wells				Gross Costs per Well (3)				Capital Cost to the Company (3)
D-J Basin Asset (1)			26,990				40-80				971
Long lateral															9				4.2			$	6,200,000			$	28,000,000
Short lateral															24				9.0			$	3,100,000			$	25,800,000
Lease renewal																										$	1,700,000
Total Assets			26,990								971				33				13.2							$	55,500,000

 

(1)

Takes into account the impact of our completed transactions for the D-J Basin Acquisition and the divestiture of non-core legacy Niobrara assets to MIEJ previously discussed.

(2)

Potential gross drilling locations are calculated using the acre spacings specified for each area in the table and adjusted assuming forced pooling in the Niobrara. Colorado, where the D-J Basin Asset is located, allows for forced pooling, which may create more potential gross drilling locations than acre spacing alone would otherwise indicate. 40 acre spacing assumed for certain acreage and 80 acre spacing is assumed for certain acreage.

 

(3)	Costs per well are gross costs while capital costs presented are net to the Company’s working interests. We anticipate lower gross costs per well as we add more wells to our drilling program.

 

 

 

 

 

	S-16

 

	S-18

	S-19

		December 31, 2014				December 31, 2013
Balance sheet data:
Total assets			41,740				25,801
Total Liabilities			43,163				14,914
Series A convertible preferred stock			-				-
Stockholders’ equity			(1,423)				10,887

	S-20

	S-21

	S-22

	S-23

	S-24

	S-25

 

	S-26

	S-27

	S-28

	S-29

	S-30

	S-31

	S-32

	S-33

	S-34

	S-35

	S-36

	S-37

	S-38

	S-39

	S-40

	S-41

 

	S-42

	S-43

	S-44

 

	S-45

	S-46

	S-47

	S-48

	S-49

	S-50

	S-51

	S-52

	S-53

	S-54

	S-55

  

	S-56

	S-57

 

	S-58

	S-59

	S-60

	S-61

	S-62

	S-63

 

	S-65

			As of December 31, 2014 (amounts in thousands)
		Actual				Offering			Adjusted for Offering
Cash	$	6,675			$	2,353		$	9,028
Debt:
Convertible notes payable	$	687						$	687
Notes payable, net of discount		23,259							23,259
Notes payable, net of discount-related parties		6,170							6,170
Total debt		30,116							30,116
Shareholders’ equity:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 33,117,516 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 38,717,516 shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted for the offering		33				6			39
Additional paid- in capital		59,395				2,347			61,742
Accumulated deficit		(60,796)							(60,796)
Non-controlling interest		(55)							(55)
Total shareholders’ equity		(1,423)				2,353			930
Total capitalization	$	28,693			$	2,353		$	31,046

	S-66

Quarter Ended		High				Low
June 30, 2015 (through May 13, 2015)		$	0.74			$	0.50
March 31, 2015			0.90				0.34
March 31, 2014		$	2.78			$	1.93
June 30, 2014			2.44				1.77
September 30, 2014			2.02				1.51
December 31, 2014			1.64				0.40
March 31, 2013		$	7.44			$	5.01
June 30, 2013			5.40				2.10
September 30, 2013			4.67				2.80
December 31, 2013			4.20				2.00

 

	S-67

	S-68

	S-69

	S-70

	S-71

					TOTAL FEES
		Fee Per Share			Without Exercise of Option to Purchase Additional Shares				With Full Exercise of Option to Purchase Additional Shares
Underwriting discount to be paid by us		$	0.04		$	224,000			$	257,600

	S-72

	S-73

	S-74

	S-75

 

PROSPECTUS

PEDEVCO Corp.

$100,000,000

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Warrants

Units

________________________________________________________________________

We may from time to time, in one or more offerings at prices and on terms that we will determine at the time of each offering, sell common stock, preferred stock, warrants, or a combination of these securities or units (collectively referred to as “securities”) for an aggregate initial offering price of up to $100 million. This prospectus describes the general manner in which our securities may be offered using this prospectus. Each time we offer and sell securities, we will provide you with a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings.  Any prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus as well as the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein or therein before you purchase any of the securities offered hereby.

This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell our securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement. The information contained or incorporated in this prospectus or in any prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, or such prospectus supplement, as applicable, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of our securities.

Securities may be sold by us to or through underwriters or dealers, directly to purchasers or through agents designated from time to time. For additional information on the methods of sale, you should refer to the section entitled “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus. If any underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities with respect to which this prospectus is being delivered, the names of such underwriters and any applicable discounts or commissions and over-allotment options will be set forth in a prospectus supplement. The price to the public of such securities and the net proceeds we expect to receive from such sale will also be set forth in a prospectus supplement.

Our common stock is listed on the NYSE MKT under the symbol “PED.”  On October 22, 2013, the last reported sales price of our common stock was $3.85.  There is currently no market for the other securities we may offer.  You are urged to obtain current market quotations of our common stock before purchasing any of the shares being offered for sale pursuant to this prospectus or any prospectus supplement.  The prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to any other listing of the securities on the NYSE MKT or any other securities market or exchange covered by the prospectus supplement. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3, in no event will we sell our common stock in a public primary offering with a value exceeding more than one-third of our public float in any 12-month period so long as our public float remains below $75 million. As of the date of this prospectus, the aggregate market value of our outstanding voting and nonvoting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Company (i.e., our public float) was $53,616,879 and the total value of our entire voting and nonvoting common equity was $101,390,157, each based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on September 6, 2013, which closing price was $4.50.  We have offered and sold no securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 during the twelve calendar months prior to and including the date of this prospectus.

 

Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the risk factors beginning on page 11 of this prospectus and set forth in the documents incorporated by reference herein before making any decision to invest in our securities.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is November 5, 2013.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
About This Prospectus	1
Prospectus Summary	2
Securities Registered Hereby That We May Offer	9
Risk Factors	11
Forward-Looking Statements	17
Use of Proceeds	18
Description of Capital Stock	18
Description of Preferred Stock	22
Description of Warrants	23
Description of Units	26
Plan of Distribution	27
Legal Matters	30
Experts	30
Where You Can Find More Information	31
Incorporation of Certain Documents By Reference	32

 

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is a part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the Commission, utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may offer to sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus, either individually or in units, in one or more offerings up to a total dollar amount of $100,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities under this shelf registration, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. To the extent that any statement that we make in a prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you is inconsistent with statements made in this prospectus, the statements made in this prospectus will be deemed modified or superseded by those made in the prospectus supplement. You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement and free writing prospectus, including all documents incorporated herein or therein by reference, together with additional information described under “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Information Incorporated by Reference” before making an investment decision. We may only use this prospectus to sell the securities if it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

You should rely only on the information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus.  We have not authorized any dealer, salesman or other person to provide you with additional or different information.  This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement and free writing prospectus are not an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the securities to which they relate and are not an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation in that jurisdiction.  You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement, and any free writing prospectus, is accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of the document or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent to the date of the document incorporated by reference, even though this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement and free writing prospectus is delivered or securities are sold on a later date. We will disclose any material changes in our affairs in a post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, a prospectus supplement, free writing prospectus or a future filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We do not imply or represent by delivering this prospectus that PEDEVCO Corp., or its business, financial condition or results of operations, are unchanged after the date on the front of this prospectus or that the information in this prospectus is correct at any time after such date.

Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the securities and the distribution of this prospectus outside of the United States.

The market data and certain other statistical information used throughout this prospectus are based on independent industry publications, government publications and other published independent sources.  Although we believe that these third-party sources are reliable and that the information is accurate and complete, we have not independently verified the information.  Some data are also based on our good faith estimates.

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company,” and “PEDEVCO” refer to PEDEVCO Corp. and its subsidiaries.

 

	-1-

 

 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

The following summary highlights material information found in more detail elsewhere in, or incorporated by reference in, the prospectus. It does not contain all of the information you should consider. As such, before you decide to buy our securities, in addition to the following summary, we urge you to carefully read the entire prospectus and documents incorporated by reference herein, the prospectus supplement, and any free writing prospectus, especially the risks of investing in our securities as discussed under "Risk Factors" herein and therein. The following summary is qualified in its entirety by the detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

General

Overview

 

We are an energy company engaged in the acquisition, exploration, development and production of oil and natural gas resources in the United States, with a primary focus on oil and natural gas shale plays and a secondary focus on conventional oil and natural gas plays.  Our current operations are located primarily in the Niobrara Shale play in the Denver-Julesburg Basin in Weld and Morgan Counties, Colorado, the Eagle Ford Shale play in McMullen County, Texas, and the Mississippian Lime play in Comanche, Harper, Barber and Kiowa Counties, Kansas.  We also hold an interest in the North Sugar Valley Field in Matagorda County, Texas, though we consider this a non-core asset.  We also hope to utilize the Company’s strategic relationships for acquisition, exploration, development and production in Asia, with a particular focus on China and Kazakhstan.  We have entered into an agreement to acquire an approximate 34% indirect working interest in a production license covering a 380,000 acre oil and gas producing asset located in the Pre-Caspian Basin in Kazakhstan, which we plan to close upon receipt of required approvals from the Kazakhstan government, anticipated to be received no later than the third quarter of 2014, as described in greater detail below under “Recent Developments”.

 

We have approximately 9,293 gross (2,451 net) acres of oil and gas properties in our Niobrara core area.  Our current Eagle Ford position is a 3.97% non-operated working interest in 1,331 gross (53 net) acres.  We also recently acquired an average 98% working interest in 7,006 gross (6,885 net) acres in the Mississippian Lime play, which we operate. Condor Energy Technology LLC (“Condor”), which we jointly own and manage with an affiliate of MIE Holdings Corporation as described below, operates our Niobrara interests, including five producing wells in the Niobrara asset with production during the past quarter of approximately 22,573 gross barrels (Bbl) of oil (4,492 net) and gross 21,894 thousand cubic feet (Mcf) of natural gas (5,135 net) or 3,649 gross barrels of oil equivalent (“BOE”) (856 net), (utilizing a conversion factor for gas sales of 6 Mcf per 1 Bbl), for total aggregate gross production during the past quarter of approximately 26,222 BOE (5,348 net). We believe our current assets could contain a gross total of over 400 drilling locations, assuming 80 acre spacing on our Niobrara asset.

 

We believe that the Niobrara, Eagle Ford and Mississippian Lime plays represent among the most promising unconventional oil and natural gas plays in the United States. We will continue to seek additional acreage proximate to our currently held core acreage. Our strategy is to be the operator, directly or through our subsidiaries and joint ventures, in the majority of our acreage so we can dictate the pace of development in order to execute our business plan. The majority of our capital expenditure budget for the remainder of 2013 will continue to be focused on the acquisition, development and expansion of these formations.  In addition, we believe our pending acquisition of the interests in Kazakhstan’s largest and most prolific producing basin will provide the Company with opportunities to increase its net oil and gas production while expanding its global footprint and international presence.

 

 

 

	-2-

 

 

The following table presents summary data for our leasehold acreage in our Niobrara, Eagle Ford and Mississippian core areas as of September 30, 2013:

	Total Gross Acreage				Ownership Interest				Net Acres				Acre Spacing				Potential Gross -Drilling Locations (3)
Niobrara (1)		9,293				26.37	%			2,451				80				360
Eagle Ford (2)		1,331				3.97	%			53				60				17
Mississippian		7,006				98.27	%			6,885				160				42
Current Core Assets		17,630								9,389								419

(1)

We have a 26.37% net ownership interest in the leased acreage in the Niobrara asset (10.87% of the acreage held directly by us plus 15.50% of the acreage is held by virtue of our 20% interest in Condor Energy Technology LLC, which in turn holds a 77.52% working interest in the leased acreage in the Niobrara asset).

(2)	We have a 3.97% ownership in the leased acreage in the Eagle Ford asset (held through our 50% interest in White Hawk Petroleum, LLC, which holds a 7.939% working interest in the Eagle Ford asset).

(3)

Potential gross drilling locations are calculated using the acre spacings specified for each area in the table and adjusted assuming forced pooling in the Niobrara.  Colorado, where the Niobrara asset is located, allows for forced pooling, which may create more potential gross drilling locations than acre spacing alone would otherwise indicate.

Recent Developments

Kazakhstan Acquisition

 

On September 16, 2013, we announced the entry into Kazakhstan through an agreement to acquire an approximate 34% indirect interest in Aral Petroleum Capital Limited Partnership (“Aral”), a Kazakhstan entity which holds a 100% operated working interest in a production license covering a contract area issued by the Republic of Kazakhstan that expires in 2035 in western Kazakhstan (the “Contract Area”), from Asia Sixth Energy Resources Limited (“Asia Sixth”), which Contract Area covers 380,000 acres within the North Block located in the Pre-Caspian Basin.  The Pre-Caspian Basin is one of the largest currently producing basins in Kazakhstan.

Under the agreement, we plan to effectively take control of Aral through acquisition of a 51% controlling interest in Asia Sixth by way of subscription of shares of Asia Sixth, which currently holds a 60% controlling interest in Aral.  Asia Sixth’s interest in Aral is scheduled to increase to 66.5% following the completion of certain transactions to occur between Asia Sixth and Asia Sixth’s partner in Aral that currently holds the remaining 40% interest in Aral (the “Aral Transactions”).  Upon closing and completion of the Aral Transactions and consummation of the transactions contemplated by our agreement, Aral will be owned 66.5% by Asia Sixth, which will be controlled and managed by us.  Thus, we, through our 51% majority ownership in Asia Sixth, will own an approximate 34% interest in Aral and have control of Aral through Asia Sixth’s controlling interest.

We have paid an initial deposit of $8 million and a subsequent deposit of $2 million to Asia Sixth, and shall increase our deposit by up to $10 million, to up to a total of $20 million, contingent upon receipt of payment in full by us from an investor under a promissory note.  In the event the final $10 million due under the outstanding $10 million promissory note maturing in December 2013 is not received by us, we are not obligated to increase our deposit amount to Asia Sixth.  The deposit is subject to full refund to us in the event the transaction does not close, other than as a result of our material uncured breach, and we have no obligation to repay any of our investors any amounts previously paid under the promissory notes or

 

	-3-

 

 

otherwise if we receive any refunds from Asia Sixth.  This money will also be used, in part, to recomplete and rework currently producing wells with the hope of significantly increasing their production rates. Based on how these wells perform, at closing, we shall owe to Asia Sixth a final closing payment equal to an additional:  (i) $20 million if the daily average volume of oil produced by Aral over a specified 30 day period (the “Target Volume”) equals or exceeds 1,500 barrels of oil per day (“BOPD”); (ii) $15 million if the Target Volume equals or exceeds 1,000 BOPD but is less than 1,500 BOPD; or (iii) $0 due if the Target Volume is less than 1,000 BOPD.  In the event we are required to make a final closing payment to Asia Sixth based on well performance, we will need to raise the funds required through debt and/or equity financings.

Business Strategy

 

Our goal is to increase shareholder value by building reserves, production and cash flows at an attractive return on invested capital.  We intend to primarily engage in the acquisition, exploration, development and production of oil and natural gas resources in the United States, primarily shale oil and natural gas and secondarily conventional oil and natural gas opportunities in the United States (U.S.), and utilizing our strategic relationships for acquisition, exploration, development and production in Asia, with a particular focus on China and Kazakhstan. We intend to achieve our objectives as follows:

 

Aggressively drill and develop our existing acreage positions. We plan to aggressively drill our core assets, drilling at least two gross wells on the Niobrara asset, at least one gross well on the Eagle Ford asset, and three gross wells in the Mississippian Lime through the end of 2014.  We believe our planned drilling schedules will allow us to begin converting our undeveloped acreage to developed acreage with production, cash flow and proved reserves.

 

Acquire additional oil and natural gas opportunities. We plan to leverage our relationships and experienced acquisition team to pursue additional leasehold assets in our core areas as well as continue to pursue additional oil and natural gas interests.   We have an agreement in place (subject to customary closing conditions) for the acquisition of an approximate 34% indirect interest in Aral (as described above under “Recent Developments”), a Kazakhstan entity which holds a 100% operated working interest in a production license covering a contract area issued by the Republic of Kazakhstan that expires in 2035 in western Kazakhstan from Asia Sixth, which Contract Area covers 380,000 acres within the North Block located in the Pre-Caspian Basin.  This basin is one of the largest currently producing basins in Kazakhstan.  We plan to close this acquisition upon receipt of required approvals from the government of Kazakhstan, anticipated to be received no later than the third quarter of 2014.  We are also exploring additional oil and natural gas opportunities in our core areas, and in other areas of the United States and Pacific Rim countries, with a particular focus on China.

 

Leverage expertise of management and external resources.  We plan to focus on profitable investments that provide a platform for our management expertise.  We have also engaged South Texas Reservoir Alliance LLC (“STXRA”) and other industry veterans as key advisors, and recently jointly formed Pacific Energy Technology Services, LLC with STXRA, for the purpose of providing acquisition, engineering and oil drilling and completion technology services to third parties in the United States and Pacific Rim countries. As necessary, we intend to enlist external resources and talent to operate and manage our properties during peak operations.

 

Engage and leverage strategic alliances in Asia. We have already entered into a strategic alliance with MIE Holdings, and we intend to partner with additional Chinese energy companies to (a) acquire producing oil field assets that could provide cash flow to help fund our U.S. development program, (b) provide technical horizontal drilling expertise for a fee, thus acquiring valuable experience and data in regards to the China shale formations and successful engineering techniques, and (c) acquire interests in Asian producing assets.

 

Limit exposure and increase diversification through engaging in joint ventures.  We own various oil and natural gas interests through joint ventures with MIE Holdings, and may in the future enter into similar joint ventures with respect to other oil and gas interests either with MIE Holdings or other

 

	-4-

  

 

partners.  We believe that conducting many of our activities through partially owned joint venture will enable us to lower our risk exposure while increasing our ability to invest in multiple ventures.

 

Leverage partnerships for financial strength and flexibility. Our joint venture partner, MIE Holdings, has been a strong financial partner. They have loaned us $6.17 million through a short-term note to fund operations and development of the Niobrara asset and $432,433 toward the acquisition of the Mississippian asset. We expect that proceeds from future equity offerings, internally generated cash flow, and future debt financings will provide us with the financial resources to pay off these amounts due MIE Holdings and pursue our leasing and drilling and development programs through 2014.  We have also met with financial institutions, introduced to us by MIE Holdings, seeking to secure a line of credit that could be used for both acquisition and development costs where needed.  We cannot assure you, however, that we will be able to secure any such financing on terms acceptable to us, on a timely basis, or at all.

Strategic Alliances

MIE Holdings

 

Through the relationships developed by our founder and Chief Executive Officer, Frank Ingriselli, we formed a strategic relationship with MIE Holdings Corporation (Hong Kong Stock Exchange code: 1555.HK), one of the largest independent upstream onshore oil companies in China, which we refer to as MIE Holdings, to assist us with our plans to develop unconventional shale properties.  According to information provided by MIE Holdings, MIE Holdings has drilled and currently operates over 2,000 oil wells in China and brings extensive drilling and completion experience and expertise, as well as a strong geological team.  MIE Holdings has also been a significant investor in our operations, and our Niobrara and Eagle Ford assets are held all or in part by the following joint ventures which we jointly own with affiliates of MIE Holdings:

•	Condor Energy Technology LLC, which we refer to as Condor, which is a Nevada limited liability company owned 20% by us and 80% by an affiliate of MIE Holdings; and

•	White Hawk Petroleum, LLC, which we refer to as White Hawk, which is a Nevada limited liability company owned 50% by us and 50% by an affiliate of MIE Holdings.

Although our initial focus is on oil and natural gas opportunities in the United States, we plan to use our strategic relationship with MIE Holdings and our experience in operating U.S.-based shale oil and natural gas interests to acquire, explore, develop and produce oil and natural gas resources in Pacific Rim countries, with a particular focus on China.  We intend to use our existing or future joint ventures with MIE Holdings to acquire additional shale properties in the United States and in China, where MIE Holdings and other partners have extensive experience working in the energy sector. 

 

STXRA

 

On October 4, 2012, we established a technical services subsidiary, Pacific Energy Technology Services, LLC, which is 70% owned by us and 30% owned by STXRA, through which we plan to provide acquisition, engineering, and oil drilling and completion technology services in joint cooperation with STXRA in the United States and Pacific Rim countries, particularly in China.  While Pacific Energy Technology Services, LLC currently has no operations, only nominal assets and liabilities and limited capitalization, we anticipate actively developing this venture in 2014.

 

  STXRA is a consulting firm specializing in the delivery of petroleum resource acquisition services and practical engineering solutions to clients engaged in the acquisition, exploration and development of petroleum resources.  In April 2011, we entered into an agreement of joint cooperation with STXRA in an effort to identify suitable energy ventures for acquisition by us, with a focus on plays in shale oil and natural gas bearing regions in the United States.  According to information provided by STXRA, the STXRA team has experience in their collective careers of drilling and completing horizontal wells, including over 100 horizontal wells with lengths exceeding 4,000 feet from 2010 to 2012, as well as

 

	-5-

 

 

experience in both slick water and hybrid multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies and in the operation of shale wells and fields.   We believe that our relationship with STXRA, both directly and through our jointly-owned Pacific Energy Technology Services LLC services company, will supplement the core competencies of our management team and provide us with petroleum and reservoir engineering, petrophysical, and operational competencies that will help us to evaluate, acquire, develop and operate petroleum resources in the future.

Merger with Pacific Energy Development

 

On July 27, 2012, in order to carry out our business plan, we acquired through a reverse acquisition, Pacific Energy Development Corp., a privately held Nevada corporation, which we refer to as Pacific Energy Development or PEDCO. As described below, pursuant to the acquisition, the shareholders of Pacific Energy Development gained control of approximately 95% of the voting securities of our company. Since the transaction resulted in a change of control, Pacific Energy Development was the acquirer for accounting purposes.  In connection with the merger, which we refer to as the Pacific Energy Development merger, Pacific Energy Development became our wholly owned subsidiary and we changed our name from Blast Energy Services, Inc. to PEDEVCO CORP.

 

As part of the Pacific Energy Development merger, we issued to the shareholders of Pacific Energy Development (a) 5,972,421 shares of our common stock, (b) 6,538,892 shares of our then newly created Series A preferred stock, (c) warrants to purchase an aggregate of 373,334 shares of our common stock and 230,862 shares of our Series A preferred stock at various exercise prices, and (d) options to purchase an aggregate of 1,411,667 shares of our common stock at various exercise prices.  Pursuant to the Pacific Energy Development merger, we also converted all of our shares of preferred stock that were outstanding prior to the Pacific Energy Development merger into shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis and effected a reverse stock split of our common stock on a 1-for-112 shares basis.  All share and per share amounts used in this prospectus have been restated to reflect this reverse stock split, as well as a subsequent reverse stock split of our common stock on a 1-for-3 shares basis effected on April 23, 2013.

 

At the effective time of the Pacific Energy Development merger, (a) Pacific Energy Development owned the Niobrara and Eagle Ford assets and had begun discussions regarding the Mississippian acquisition opportunity, and (b) our primary business was developing the North Sugar Valley Field asset.  As a result of our acquisition of Pacific Energy Development in the Pacific Energy Development merger, we acquired these assets and opportunities of Pacific Energy Development.

 

In connection with the Pacific Energy Development merger, the directors and executive officers of Pacific Energy Development became our directors and executive officers.  

 

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The following chart reflects our current organizational structure: * Represents percentage of voting power as of October 23, 2013, based on ownership of outstanding common stock, but not including outstanding options or warrants.    Additional Information   Additional information about us can be obtained from the documents incorporated by reference herein. See “Where You Can Find More Information”.

 

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Our Contact Information   Our principal office is located at 4125 Blackhawk Plaza Circle, Suite 201, Danville, California 94506. Our phone number is (855) 733-2685.  Our website address is www.pacificenergydevelopment.com.  Information on our website or any other website is not, and will not be, a part of this prospectus and is not, and will not be, incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

  

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SECURITIES REGISTERED HEREBY THAT WE MAY OFFER

We may offer any of the following securities, either individually or in combination, with a total value of up to $100,000,000 from time to time under this prospectus at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of the offering:

·

common stock;

·

preferred stock, in one or more series;

·

warrants to purchase shares of common stock, or shares of preferred stock; or

·

any combination of the foregoing securities, in units.

We refer to our common stock, preferred stock, warrants, and units collectively in this prospectus as the “securities.” This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

·

designation or classification;

·

aggregate offering price;

·

rates and times of payment of dividends, if any;

·

redemption, conversion or sinking fund terms, if any;

·

voting or other rights, if any;

·

conversion prices, if any; and

·

important federal income tax considerations.

We may sell the securities to or through underwriters or dealers, directly to purchasers or through agents designated from time to time. We and our agents, underwriters and dealers reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase of securities. If we do offer securities to or through agents, underwriters or dealers, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement:

·

the names of those agents, underwriters or dealers;

·

applicable fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them;

·

details regarding over-allotment options, if any; and

·

the net proceeds to us.

Common Stock. We may offer shares of our common stock. Our common stock currently is listed on the NYSE MKT under the symbol “PED.”  Shares of common stock that may be offered in this offering will, when issued and paid for, be fully paid and non-assessable.

 

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Preferred Stock. We may offer shares of our preferred stock, in one or more series. Prior to the issuance of shares of each series, our Board of Directors will determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of such preferred stock series, and will adopt resolutions and file a certificate of designation with the Secretary of State of the State of Texas. The certificate of designation fixes for each class or series the designations, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions, including, but not limited to, the following: any dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of any series. Convertible preferred stock will be convertible into shares of our common stock. Conversion may be mandatory or at your option and would be at prescribed conversion rates. Shares of preferred stock that may be offered in this offering will, when issued and paid for, be fully paid and non-assessable.  If we elect to issue preferred stock, we will describe the specific terms of a particular series of preferred stock in the prospectus supplement relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from another report that we file with the SEC, the certificate of designation that describes the terms of any series of preferred stock we offer under this prospectus before the issuance of shares of that series of preferred stock. You should read any prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you related to the series of preferred stock being offered. We have summarized certain general features of the preferred stock under “Description of Preferred Stock”. We urge you to read the complete certificate of designations containing the terms of the applicable series of preferred stock, as well as the applicable prospectus supplement, and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you, related to such series.

 

Warrants. We may issue warrants for the purchase of common stock or preferred stock in one or more series. We may issue warrants independently or in combination with common stock or preferred stock. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the warrants under “Description of Warrants.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement, and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you, related to the particular series of warrants being offered, as well as the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain the terms of the warrants. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that describe the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants.

 

Warrants may be issued under a warrant agreement that we enter into with a warrant agent. We will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent, if any, in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of warrants.

Units. We may issue units representing any combination of common stock, preferred stock, and/or warrants from time to time.  The units may be issued under one or more unit agreements. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the units.

We will incorporate by reference into the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, the form of unit agreement under which the units are designated, if any, describing the terms of the units we are offering before the issuance of the related units. We have summarized certain general features of the units under “Description of Units.” We urge you to read the prospectus supplements related to any units being offered, as well as the complete unit agreement, if any, designating the units.

 

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

Except for the historical information contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference, this prospectus (and the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus) and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed herein or incorporated by reference or as set forth in any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to the following risks, as well as those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” contained under Item 1A of Part I of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, and under “Risk Factors” under Item 1A of Part II of our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, as the same may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time by our subsequent filings and reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, each of which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus. For more information, see “Information Incorporated by Reference.”

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully review the risks and uncertainties described below and under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, before deciding whether to purchase any of the securities being registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Each of the risk factors could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our securities, and the occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment. Moreover, the risks described are not the only ones that we face. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also significantly impair our business operations.

RISKS RELATED TO THE OFFERING AND OUR SECURITIES

We currently have a sporadic, illiquid and volatile market for our common stock, and the market for our common stock is and may remain sporadic, illiquid and volatile in the future.

We currently have a highly sporadic, illiquid and volatile market for our common stock, which market is anticipated to remain sporadic, illiquid and volatile in the future. Factors that could affect our stock price or result in fluctuations in the market price or trading volume of our common stock include:

•	our actual or anticipated operating and financial performance and drilling locations, including reserves estimates;

•	quarterly variations in the rate of growth of our financial indicators, such as net income per share, net income and cash flows, or those of companies that are perceived to be similar to us;

•	changes in revenue, cash flows or earnings estimates or publication of reports by equity research analysts;

•	speculation in the press or investment community;

•	public reaction to our press releases, announcements and filings with the SEC;

•	sales of our common stock by us or other shareholders, or the perception that such sales may occur;

•	the limited amount of our freely tradable common stock available in the public marketplace;

  

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•	general financial market conditions and oil and natural gas industry market conditions, including fluctuations in commodity prices;

•	the realization of any of the risk factors presented in this prospectus;

•	the recruitment or departure of key personnel;

•	commencement of, or involvement in, litigation;

•	the prices of oil and natural gas;

•	the success of our exploration and development operations, and the marketing of any oil and natural gas we produce;

•	changes in market valuations of companies similar to ours; and

•	domestic and international economic, legal and regulatory factors unrelated to our performance.

Our common stock is listed on the NYSE MKT under the symbol “PED.”  Our stock price may be impacted by factors that are unrelated or disproportionate to our operating performance. The stock markets in general have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.  Additionally, general economic, political and market conditions, such as recessions, interest rates or international currency fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Due to the limited volume of our shares which trade, we believe that our stock prices (bid, ask and closing prices) may not be related to our actual value, and not reflect the actual value of our common stock. Shareholders and potential investors in our common stock should exercise caution before making an investment in us.

Additionally, as a result of the illiquidity of our common stock, investors may not be interested in owning our common stock because of the inability to acquire or sell a substantial block of our common stock at one time.  Such illiquidity could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.  In addition, a shareholder may not be able to borrow funds using our common stock as collateral because lenders may be unwilling to accept the pledge of securities having such a limited market.  We cannot assure you that an active trading market for our common stock will develop or, if one develops, be sustained.

  

An active liquid trading market for our common stock may not develop in the future.

 

Our common stock currently trades on the NYSE MKT, although our common stock’s trading volume is very low.   Liquid and active trading markets usually result in less price volatility and more efficiency in carrying out investors’ purchase and sale orders. However, our common stock may continue to have limited trading volume, and many investors may not be interested in owning our common stock because of the inability to acquire or sell a substantial block of our common stock at one time.  Such illiquidity could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.  In addition, a shareholder may not be able to borrow funds using our common stock as collateral because lenders may be unwilling to accept the pledge of securities having such a limited market.  We cannot assure you that an active trading market for our common stock will develop or, if one develops, be sustained.

We do not presently intend to pay any cash dividends on or repurchase any shares of our common stock.

 

We do not presently intend to pay any cash dividends on our common stock or to repurchase any shares of our common stock.  Any payment of future dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements, level of indebtedness, statutory and contractual restrictions applying to the payment of dividends and other considerations that our Board of Directors deems relevant.  Cash dividend payments in the future may only be made out of legally available funds and, if we experience substantial losses, such funds may not be available.  Accordingly, you may have to sell some or all of your common stock in order to generate cash flow from your investment, and there is no guarantee that the price of our common stock that will prevail in the market will ever exceed the price paid by you.

 

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Our management has wide discretion in the use of the offering proceeds and may not apply these proceeds in a manner that will increase our revenue or market value.

 

Our management will have considerable discretion in the application of the proceeds of this offering, and you will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. The proceeds may be used for corporate purposes that do not increase our revenue or our market value.

Because we are a small company, the requirements of being a public company, including compliance with the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Dodd-Frank Act, may strain our resources, increase our costs and distract management, and we may be unable to comply with these requirements in a timely or cost-effective manner.

 

As a public company with listed equity securities, we must comply with the federal securities laws, rules and regulations, including certain corporate governance provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) and the Dodd-Frank Act, related rules and regulations of the SEC and the NYSE MKT, with which a private company is not required to comply. Complying with these laws, rules and regulations will occupy a significant amount of time of our Board of Directors and management and will significantly increase our costs and expenses, which we cannot estimate accurately at this time.  Among other things, we must:

•	establish and maintain a system of internal control over financial reporting in compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the related rules and regulations of the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;

•	comply with rules and regulations promulgated by the NYSE MKT;

•	prepare and distribute periodic public reports in compliance with our obligations under the federal securities laws;

•	maintain various internal compliance and disclosures policies, such as those relating to disclosure controls and procedures and insider trading in our common stock;

•	involve and retain to a greater degree outside counsel and accountants in the above activities;

•	maintain a comprehensive internal audit function; and

•	maintain an investor relations function.

In addition, being a public company subject to these rules and regulations may require us to accept less director and officer liability insurance coverage than we desire or to incur substantial costs to obtain coverage.  These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our Board of Directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee, and qualified executive officers.

 

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Future sales of our common stock could cause our stock price to decline.

If our shareholders sell substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, the market price of our common stock could decrease significantly. The perception in the public market that our shareholders might sell shares of our common stock could also depress the market price of our common stock.  Up to $100,000,000 in total aggregate value of securities which are being registered by us in this offering will be eligible for sale in the public markets from time to time, when sold and issued by us.  Additionally, if our existing shareholders sell, or indicate an intent to sell, substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, the trading price of our common stock could decline significantly.  The market price for shares of our common stock may drop significantly when such securities are sold in the public markets. A decline in the price of shares of our common stock might impede our ability to raise capital through the issuance of additional shares of our common stock or other equity securities.

 

Our outstanding options, warrants and convertible securities may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

As of October 23, 2013, there were outstanding stock options to purchase approximately 1,477,062 shares of our common stock and outstanding warrants to purchase approximately 3,093,362 shares of common stock.  For the life of the options and warrants, the holders have the opportunity to profit from a rise in the market price of our common stock without assuming the risk of ownership.   The issuance of shares upon the exercise of outstanding securities will also dilute the ownership interests of our existing stockholders, including purchasers of common stock in this offering.

 

The availability of these shares for public resale, as well as any actual resales of these shares, could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock. Prior to or immediately following the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, we intend to file a registration statement with the SEC on Form S-8 providing for the registration of approximately 2,118,386 shares of our common stock issuable or reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plans. Subject to the satisfaction of vesting conditions, the expiration of lockup agreements, any management 10b5-1 plans and certain restrictions on sales by affiliates, shares registered under registration statements on Form S-8 will be available for resale immediately in the public market without restriction.

 

We cannot predict the size of future issuances of our common stock pursuant to the exercise of outstanding options or warrants or conversion of other securities, or the effect, if any, that future issuances and sales of shares of our common stock may have on the market price of our common stock. Sales or distributions of substantial amounts of our common stock (including shares issued in connection with an acquisition), or the perception that such sales could occur, may cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

 

Six of our directors and executive officers own approximately 17.5% of our common stock, and two of our major shareholders own approximately 40.2% of our common stock, which may give them influence over important corporate matters in which their interests are different from your interests.

Six of our directors and executive officers beneficially own approximately 17.5% of our outstanding shares of common stock, and our largest two non-director or officer shareholders own approximately 40.2% of our outstanding shares of common stock (assuming exercise of warrants held thereby) based on a total of 22,531,146 shares of common stock outstanding as of October 23, 2013. These directors, executive officers and major shareholders will be positioned to influence or control to some degree the outcome of matters requiring a shareholder vote, including the election of directors, the adoption of amendments to our certificate of formation or bylaws and the approval of mergers and other significant corporate transactions.  These directors, executive officers and major shareholders, subject to any fiduciary duties owed to the shareholders generally, may have interests different than the rest of our shareholders.  Their influence or control of our company may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of our company and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of other shareholders.  In addition, due to the ownership interest of these directors and officers in our common stock, they may be able to remain entrenched in their positions.

 

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Furthermore, one of our major shareholders, MIE Holdings, is an independent oil company in China with its own oil and natural gas operations separate from its relationship with us.  Potential conflicts of interest could arise as a result, either in the terms of our relationship with MIE Holdings or in MIE Holdings competing with us in its operations outside of its relationship with us.

 

Provisions of Texas law may have anti-takeover effects that could prevent a change in control even if it might be beneficial to our shareholders.

 

Provisions of Texas law may discourage, delay or prevent someone from acquiring or merging with us, which may cause the market price of our common stock to decline.  Under Texas law, a shareholder who beneficially owns more than 20% of our voting stock, or any “affiliated shareholder,” cannot acquire us for a period of three years from the date this person became an affiliated shareholder, unless various conditions are met, such as approval of the transaction by our Board of Directors before this person became an affiliated shareholder or approval of the holders of at least two-thirds of our outstanding voting shares not beneficially owned by the affiliated shareholder.  See “Description of Capital Stock — Business Combinations Under Texas Law.”

 

Our Board of Directors can authorize the issuance of preferred stock, which could diminish the rights of holders of our common stock and make a change of control of our company more difficult even if it might benefit our shareholders.

 

Our Board of Directors is authorized to issue shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the voting powers, preferences and other rights and limitations of the preferred stock.   Shares of preferred stock may be issued by our Board of Directors without shareholder approval, with voting powers and such preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights and powers as determined by our Board of Directors, which may be greater than the shares of common stock currently outstanding.  As a result, shares of preferred stock may be issued by our Board of Directors which cause the holders to have majority voting power over our shares, provide the holders of the preferred stock the right to convert the shares of preferred stock they hold into shares of our common stock, which may cause substantial dilution to our then common stock shareholders and/or have other rights and preferences greater than those of our common stock shareholders including having a preference over our common stock with respect to dividends or distributions on liquidation or dissolution.

Investors should keep in mind that the Board of Directors has the authority to issue additional shares of common stock and preferred stock, which could cause substantial dilution to our existing shareholders.  Additionally, the dilutive effect of any preferred stock which we may issue may be exacerbated given the fact that such preferred stock may have voting rights and/or other rights or preferences which could provide the preferred shareholders with substantial voting control over us subsequent to the date of this prospectus and/or give those holders the power to prevent or cause a change in control, even if that change in control might benefit our shareholders.  As a result, the issuance of shares of common stock and/or Preferred Stock may cause the value of our securities to decrease.

Securities analysts may not cover our common stock and this may have a negative impact on our common stock’s market price.

 

The trading market for our common stock will depend, in part, on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. We do not have any control over independent analysts (provided that we have engaged various non-independent analysts). We do not currently have and may never obtain research coverage by independent securities and industry analysts. If no independent securities or industry analysts commence coverage of us, the trading price for our common stock would be negatively impacted. If we obtain independent securities or industry analyst coverage and if one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades our common stock, changes their opinion of our shares or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our common stock could decrease and we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our stock price and trading volume to decline.

 

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Shareholders may be diluted significantly through our efforts to obtain financing and satisfy obligations through the issuance of securities.

Wherever possible, our Board of Directors will attempt to use non-cash consideration to satisfy obligations.  In many instances, we believe that the non-cash consideration will consist of shares of our common stock, preferred stock or warrants to purchase shares of our common stock. Our Board of Directors has authority, without action or vote of the shareholders, subject to the requirements of the NYSE MKT Equities Exchange (which generally require shareholder approval for any transactions which would result in the issuance of more than 20% of our then outstanding shares of common stock or voting rights representing over 20% of our then outstanding shares of stock), to issue all or part of the authorized but unissued shares of common stock, preferred stock or warrants to purchase such shares of common stock. In addition, we may attempt to raise capital by selling shares of our common stock, possibly at a discount to market in the future. These actions will result in dilution of the ownership interests of existing shareholders and may further dilute common stock book value, and that dilution may be material. Such issuances may also serve to enhance existing management’s ability to maintain control of us, because the shares may be issued to parties or entities committed to supporting existing management.

If we are delisted from the NYSE MKT, your ability to sell your shares of our common stock may be limited by the penny stock restrictions, which could further limit the marketability of your shares.

 

If our common stock is delisted, it could come within the definition of “penny stock” as defined in the Exchange Act and could be covered by Rule 15g-9 of the Exchange Act. That Rule imposes additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell securities to persons other than established customers and accredited investors. For transactions covered by Rule 15g-9, the broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written agreement to the transaction prior to the sale. Consequently, Rule 15g-9, if it were to become applicable, would affect the ability or willingness of broker-dealers to sell our securities, and accordingly would affect the ability of stockholders to sell their securities in the public market. These additional procedures could also limit our ability to raise additional capital in the future.

 

Due to the fact that our common stock is listed on the NYSE MKT, we are subject to financial and other reporting and corporate governance requirements which increase our cost and expenses.

We are currently required to file annual and quarterly information and other reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission that are specified in Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.  Additionally, due to the fact that our common stock is listed on the NYSE MKT, we are also subject to the requirements to maintain independent directors, comply with other corporate governance requirements and are required to pay annual listing and stock issuance fees. These obligations require a commitment of additional resources including, but not limited, to additional expenses, and may result in the diversion of our senior management’s time and attention from our day-to-day operations. These obligations increase our expenses and may make it more complicated or time consuming for us to undertake certain corporate actions due to the fact that we may require NYSE approval for such transactions and/or NYSE rules may require us to obtain shareholder approval for such transactions.

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the documents or information incorporated by reference herein and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from the results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. You should not unduly rely on these statements. Forward-looking statements may include statements about our:

•	business strategy;

•

reserves;

•	technology;

•	cash flows and liquidity;

•	financial strategy, budget, projections and operating results;

•	oil and natural gas realized prices;

•	timing and amount of future production of oil and natural gas;

•	availability of oil field labor;

•	the amount, nature and timing of capital expenditures, including future exploration and development costs;

•	availability and terms of capital;

•	drilling of wells;

•	government regulation and taxation of the oil and natural gas industry;

•	marketing of oil and natural gas;

•	exploitation projects or property acquisitions;

•	costs of exploiting and developing our properties and conducting other operations;

•	general economic conditions;

•	competition in the oil and natural gas industry;

•	effectiveness of our risk management and hedging activities;

•	environmental liabilities;

•	counterparty credit risk;

•	developments in oil-producing and natural gas-producing countries;

•	future operating results;

•	estimated future reserves and the present value of such reserves; and

•	plans, objectives, expectations and intentions contained in this prospectus that are not historical.

 

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We identify forward-looking statements by use of terms such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “hope,” “plan,” “believe,” “predict,” “envision,” “intend,” “will,” “continue,” “potential,” “should,” “confident,” “could” and similar words and expressions, although some forward-looking statements may be expressed differently. We disclose important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our expectations under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.  These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.  You should consider carefully the statements included in and incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus which describe factors that could cause our actual results to differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this prospectus or the date of any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as applicable. Except to the extent required by applicable law or regulation, we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

 

You should also consider carefully the statements under “Risk Factors” and other sections of this prospectus, and the documents we incorporate by reference and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, which address additional facts that could cause our actual results to differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. We caution investors not to place significant reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus, and the documents we incorporate by reference. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered in the prospectus and any prospectus supplement for future drilling and development, additional leasehold acquisitions, repayment of debt, working capital and general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire or invest in businesses and assets that are complementary to our own, although we have no current plans, commitments or agreements with respect to any acquisitions as of the date of this prospectus.  Pending the uses described above, we intend to invest the net proceeds in short-term, interest bearing, investment-grade securities.

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

 

In connection with the Pacific Energy Development merger (described above under “Prospectus Summary”), all shares of our preferred stock that were outstanding prior to the Pacific Energy Development merger were converted into shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis, and we effected a reverse stock split of our common stock on a 1-for-112 shares basis.  On April 23, 2013, we effected an additional reverse stock split of our common stock on a 1-for-3 shares basis. We are currently authorized to issue 200 million shares of $0.001 par value common stock and 100 million shares of $0.001 par value preferred stock, of which 25 million shares have been designated as Series A preferred stock.  As of the date of this prospectus, we had 22,531,146 shares of common stock issued and outstanding and no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding.

 

Common Stock

 

The holders of our common stock are entitled to equal dividends and distributions per share with respect to the common stock when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors from funds legally available therefore.  No holder of any shares of common stock has a preemptive right to subscribe for any of our securities, nor are any common shares subject to redemption or convertible into other securities.  Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our company, and after payment of creditors and preferred shareholders, if any, the assets will be divided pro rata on a share-for-share basis among the holders of the shares of common stock.  All shares of common stock now outstanding are, and all shares that we are selling in this offering, upon their issuance and sale, will be, fully paid, validly issued and non-assessable.  Each share of our common stock is entitled to one vote with respect to the election of any director or any other matter upon which shareholders are required or permitted to vote.

 

	-18-

 

Preferred Stock

 

Under our amended and restated certificate of formation, our Board of Directors has the power, without further action by the holders of the common stock, to designate the relative rights and preferences of the preferred stock, and to issue the preferred stock in one or more series as designated by our Board of Directors.  The designation of rights and preferences could include preferences as to liquidation, redemption and conversion rights, voting rights, dividends or other preferences, any of which may be dilutive of the interest of the holders of the common stock or the preferred stock of any other series.  The issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our company without further shareholder action and may adversely affect the rights and powers, including voting rights, of the holders of the common stock.

 

Business Combinations under Texas Law

 

A number of provisions of Texas law, our certificate of formation and bylaws could make more difficult the acquisition of our company by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise and the removal of incumbent officers and directors. These provisions are intended to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of our company to negotiate first with our Board of Directors.

 

We are subject to the provisions of Title 2, Chapter 21, Subchapter M of the Texas Business Organizations Code (the “Texas Business Combination Law”). That law provides that a Texas corporation may not engage in specified types of business combinations, including mergers, consolidations and asset sales, with a person, or an affiliate or associate of that person, who is an “affiliated shareholder”, for a period of three years from the date that person became an affiliated shareholder, subject to certain exceptions (described below). An “affiliated shareholder” is generally defined as the holder of 20% or more of the corporation’s voting shares. The law’s prohibitions do not apply if the business combination or the acquisition of shares by the affiliated shareholder was approved by the Board of Directors of the corporation before the affiliated shareholder became an affiliated shareholder; or the business combination was approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting shares of the corporation not beneficially owned by the affiliated shareholder, at a meeting of shareholders called for that purpose, not less than six months after the affiliated shareholder became an affiliated shareholder.

 

Because we have more than 100 of record shareholders, we are considered an “issuing public corporation” for purposes of this law. The Texas Business Combination Law does not apply to the following:

•

the business combination of an issuing public corporation: where the corporation’s original charter or bylaws contain a provision expressly electing not to be governed by the Texas Business Combination Law; or that adopts an amendment to its charter or bylaws, by the affirmative vote of the holders, other than affiliated shareholders, of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting shares of the corporation, expressly electing not to be governed by the Texas Business Combination Law and so long as the amendment does not take effect for 18 months following the date of the vote and does not apply to a business combination with an affiliated shareholder who became affiliated on or before the effective date of the amendment;

•

a business combination of an issuing public corporation with an affiliated shareholder that became an affiliated shareholder inadvertently, if the affiliated shareholder divests itself, as soon as possible, of enough shares to no longer be an affiliated shareholder and would not at any time within the three-year period preceding the announcement of the business combination have been an affiliated shareholder but for the inadvertent acquisition;

 

	-19-

 

•	a business combination with an affiliated shareholder who became an affiliated shareholder through a transfer of shares by will or intestacy and continuously was an affiliated shareholder until the announcement date of the business combination; or

•	a business combination of a corporation with its wholly owned Texas subsidiary if the subsidiary is not an affiliate or associate of the affiliated shareholder other than by reason of the affiliated shareholder’s beneficial ownership of voting shares of the corporation.

Neither our certificate of formation nor our bylaws contain any provision expressly providing that we will not be subject to the Texas Business Combination Law. The Texas Business Combination Law may have the effect of inhibiting a non-negotiated merger or other business combination involving our company, even if that event would be beneficial to our shareholders.

Anti-Takeover Provisions of Our Charter Documents

Our certificate of formation and bylaws contain various provisions intended to promote the stability of our stockholder base and render more difficult certain unsolicited or hostile attempts to take us over, that could disrupt us, divert the attention of our directors, officers and employees and adversely affect the independence and integrity of our business. These provisions include:

•	Special Meetings of Stockholders — Our bylaws provide that special meetings of the stockholders may only be called by our Chairman, our President, or upon written notice to our Board of Directors by our stockholders holding not less than 30% of our outstanding voting capital stock.

•	Amendment of Bylaws — Our bylaws may be amended by our Board of Directors alone.

•

Advance Notice Procedures — Our bylaws establish an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals to be brought before an annual meeting of our stockholders. At an annual meeting, our stockholders elect a Board of Directors and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting. By contrast, at a special meeting, our stockholders may transact only the business for the purposes specified in the notice of the meeting.

•	No cumulative voting — Our certificate of formation and bylaws do not include a provision for cumulative voting in the election of directors.

•	Vacancies — Our bylaws provide that vacancies on our board may be filled by a majority of directors in office, although less than a quorum, and not by the stockholders.

 

•

Preferred Stock — Our certificate of formation allows us to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which 25 million shares have been designated as Series A preferred stock.  The undesignated preferred stock may have rights senior to those of the common stock and that otherwise could adversely affect the rights and powers, including voting rights, of the holders of common stock. In some circumstances, this issuance could have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock as well as having an anti-takeover effect.

•

Authorized but Unissued Shares — Our Board of Directors may cause us to issue our authorized but unissued shares of common stock in the future without stockholders' approval. These additional shares may be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued shares of common stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of a majority of our common stock by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.

 

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Limitation of Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

 

Our certificate of formation provides that our directors are not personally liable to us or our shareholders for monetary damages for an act or omission in their capacity as a director. A director may, however, be found liable for, and we may be prohibited from indemnifying them against:

•	any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to us or our shareholders;

•	acts or omissions not in good faith that constitute a breach of the director’s duty to us;

•	acts or omissions that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

•	any transaction from which the director receives an improper benefit; or

•	acts or omissions for which the liability is expressly provided by an applicable statute.

Our certificate of formation also provides that we will indemnify our directors, and may indemnify our agents, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Texas law from any expenses, liabilities or other matters. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) may be permitted for directors, officers and controlling persons of our company under our certificate of formation, it is the position of the SEC that such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.

 

Subchapter C of Title 1 of Chapter 8 of the Texas Business Organizations Code describes the terms and conditions under which a corporation is authorized to indemnify its directors, officers and other agents against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and expenses that they may incur in connection with proceedings brought against them, or in which they are otherwise involved, as a result of their service as directors, officers or other agents of the corporation.

Indemnification Agreements

 

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our officers and directors pursuant to which we have agreed, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law and subject to the specified terms and conditions set forth in each agreement, to indemnify a director or officer who acts on our behalf and is made or threatened to be made a party to any action or proceeding against expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement that are incurred by such officer or director in connection with the action or proceeding. The indemnification provisions apply whether the action was instituted by a third party or by us.  We also maintain insurance on behalf of our officers and directors that provides coverage for expenses and liabilities incurred by them in their capacities as officers and directors.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is First American Stock Transfer, Inc., located at 4747 N. 7th Street, Suite 170, Phoenix, Arizona 85014.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK

 

A prospectus supplement relating to any series of preferred stock being offered will include specific terms relating to the offering. Such prospectus supplement will include:

·

the title and stated or par value of the preferred stock;

·

the number of shares of the preferred stock offered, the liquidation preference per share and the offering price of the preferred stock;

 

·

the dividend rate(s), period(s) and/or payment date(s) or method(s) of calculation thereof applicable to the preferred stock;

·

whether dividends shall be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends on the preferred stock shall accumulate;

·

the provisions for a sinking fund, if any, for the preferred stock;

·

any voting rights of the preferred stock;

·

the provisions for redemption, if applicable, of the preferred stock and any restriction on the repurchase or redemption of shares by the Company while there is any arrearage in the payment of dividends or sinking fund installments;

·

any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange;

·

the terms and conditions, if applicable, upon which the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, including the conversion price or the manner of calculating the conversion price and conversion period;

·

if appropriate, a discussion of Federal income tax consequences applicable to the preferred stock; and

·

any other specific terms, preferences, rights, limitations or restrictions of the preferred stock.

The terms, if any, on which the preferred stock may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock will also be stated in the preferred stock prospectus supplement. The terms will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option, and may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock to be received by the holders of preferred stock would be subject to adjustment.

When we issue shares of preferred stock, the shares will be fully paid and non-assessable, which means the full purchase price of the shares will have been paid and holders of the shares will not be assessed any additional monies for the shares. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement indicates otherwise, each series of the preferred stock will rank equally with any outstanding shares of our preferred stock and each other series of the preferred stock. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, the preferred stock will have no preemptive rights to subscribe for any additional securities which are issued by us, meaning, the holders of shares of preferred stock will have no right to buy any portion of the issued securities.

In addition, unless the applicable prospectus indicates otherwise, we will have the right to “reopen” a previous issue of a series of preferred stock by issuing additional preferred stock of such series.

The transfer agent, registrar, dividend disbursing agent and redemption agent for shares of each series of preferred stock will be named in the prospectus supplement relating to such series.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

 General

 

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplements and free writing prospectuses, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, which may consist of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock and may be issued in one or more series. Warrants may be offered independently or in combination with common stock or preferred stock, or as a part of units, offered by any prospectus supplement. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The following description of warrants will apply to the warrants offered by this prospectus unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement for a particular series of warrants may specify different or additional terms.

 

We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that describe the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the warrants are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement related to the particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectuses, and the complete form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements, that contain the terms of the warrants.

The prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of warrants to purchase our common stock or preferred stock will describe the terms of the warrants, including the following:

•

the title of the warrants;

•

the offering price for the warrants, if any;

•

the aggregate number of the warrants;

•

the designation and terms of the common stock or preferred stock that may be purchased upon exercise of the warrants;

•

if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each security;

•

if applicable, the date from and after which the warrants and any securities issued with the warrants will be separately transferable;

•

the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock that may be purchased upon exercise of a warrant and the exercise price for the warrants;

•

the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants shall commence and expire;

•

if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of the warrants that may be exercised at any one time;

•

the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable;

•

if applicable, a discussion of material U.S. federal income tax considerations;

•

the anti-dilution provisions of the warrants, if any;

•

the redemption or call provisions, if any, applicable to the warrants;

•

any provisions with respect to a holder’s right to require us to repurchase the warrants upon a change in control; and

 

	-23-

 

•

any additional material terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures, and limitations relating to the exchange, exercise and settlement of the warrants.

Holders of warrants will not be entitled to:

•

vote, consent or receive dividends;

•

receive notice as shareholders with respect to any meeting of shareholders for the election of our directors or any other matter; or

•

exercise any rights as shareholders of the Company.

Exercise of Warrants

 

Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus at the exercise price that we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

Holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants by delivering the warrant or warrant certificate representing the warrants to be exercised together with specified information, and paying the required amount to the warrant agent, if applicable, in immediately available funds, as provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will set forth on the reverse side of any warrant certificate and in the applicable prospectus supplement the information that the holder of the warrant will be required to deliver to any warrant agent.

 

Upon receipt of the required payment and any warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of any warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If fewer than all of the warrants represented by a warrant certificate are exercised, then we will issue a new warrant certificate for the remaining amount of warrants. If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may surrender securities as all or part of the exercise price for warrants.

 

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Warrants

 

Each warrant agent, if any, will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.

Amendments and Supplements to Warrant Agreements

We and the relevant warrant agent may, with the consent of the holders of at least a majority in number of the outstanding unexercised warrants affected, modify or amend the warrant agreement and the terms of the warrants. However, the warrant agreements may be amended or supplemented without the consent of the holders of the warrants issued thereunder to effect changes that are not inconsistent with the provisions of the warrants and that do not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the warrants. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no such modification or amendment may, without the consent of the holders of each warrant affected:

 

	-24-

 

•

reduce the amount receivable upon exercise, cancellation or expiration;

•

shorten the period of time during which the warrants may be exercised;

•

otherwise materially and adversely affect the exercise rights of the beneficial owners of the warrants; or

•

reduce the percentage of outstanding warrants whose holders must consent to modification or amendment of the applicable warrant agreement or the terms of the warrants.

Anti-dilution and Other Adjustments

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the exercise price of, and the number of shares of common stock covered by a warrant, are subject to adjustment in certain events, including:

•

the issuance of common stock as a dividend or distribution on the common stock;

•

subdivisions and combinations of the common stock (or as applicable to warrants to purchase preferred stock and the preferred stock);

•

the issuance to all holders of common stock of capital stock rights entitling them to subscribe for or purchase common stock within 45 days after the date fixed for the determination of the stockholders entitled to receive such capital stock rights, at less than the current market price; and

•

the distribution to all holders of common stock of evidence of our indebtedness or assets (excluding certain cash dividends and distributions described below) or rights or warrants (excluding those referred to above).

We may, in lieu of making any adjustment in the exercise price of, and the number of shares of common stock covered by, a warrant, make proper provision so that each holder of such warrant who exercises such warrant (or any portion thereof):

•

before the record date for such distribution of separate certificates, shall be entitled to receive upon such exercise, shares of common stock issued with capital stock rights; and

•

after such record date and prior to the expiration, redemption or termination of such capital stock rights, shall be entitled to receive upon such exercise, in addition to the shares of common stock issuable upon such exercise, the same number of such capital stock rights as would a holder of the number of shares of common stock that such warrants so exercised would have entitled the holder thereof to acquire in accordance with the terms and provisions applicable to the capital stock rights if such warrant was exercised immediately prior to the record date for such distribution.

Common stock owned by or held for our account or for the account of any of our majority owned subsidiaries will not be deemed outstanding for the purpose of any adjustment.

No adjustment in the exercise price of, and the number of shares of common stock covered by, a warrant will be made for regular quarterly or other periodic or recurring cash dividends or distributions of cash dividends or distributions to the extent paid from retained earnings. Except as stated above, the exercise price of, and the number of shares of common stock covered by, a warrant will not be adjusted for the issuance of common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for common stock, or securities carrying the right to purchase any of the foregoing.

 

	-25-

 

In the case of a reclassification or change of the common stock, a consolidation or merger involving us or sale or conveyance to another corporation of our property and assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety, in each case as a result of which holders of our common stock shall be entitled to receive stock, securities, other property or assets (including cash) with respect to or in exchange for such common stock, the holders of the warrants then outstanding will be entitled thereafter to convert such warrants into the kind and number of shares of stock and amount of other securities or property which they would have received upon such reclassification, change, consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance had such warrants been exercised immediately prior to such reclassification, change, consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance.

Governing Law

 

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the warrants and warrant agreements will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Texas.

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

We may issue, in one more series, units consisting of common stock, preferred stock and/or warrants for the purchase of common stock and/or preferred stock in any combination in such amounts and in such numerous distinct series as we determine. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any units that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any units offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below.

We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of unit agreement that describes the terms of the series of units we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of the related series of units. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the units are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the unit agreement and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the particular series of units that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectuses and the complete unit agreement and any supplemental agreements that contain the terms of the units.

Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date.

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of units being offered, including:

•

the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;

•

any provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described below; and

•

any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units.

The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under "Description of Capital Stock," and "Description of Warrants" will apply to each unit and to any common stock, preferred stock, or warrant included in each unit, respectively.

 

	-26-

 

Each unit agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable unit agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or trust company may act as unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a unit may, without the consent of the related unit agent or the holder of any other unit, enforce by appropriate legal action its rights as holder under any security included in the unit.

We, and any unit agent and any of their agents, may treat the registered holder of any unit certificate as an absolute owner of the units evidenced by that certificate for any purpose and as the person entitled to exercise the rights attaching to the units so requested, despite any notice to the contrary.

Issuance in Series

We may issue units in such amounts and in as many distinct series as we wish. This section summarizes terms of the units that apply generally to all series. Most of the financial and other specific terms of a particular series will be described in the prospectus supplement.

 

Governing Law

 

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the units and unit agreements will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Texas.

  

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell the securities offered by this prospectus in any one or more of the following ways from time to time:

•	directly to investors, including through a specific bidding, auction or other process or in privately negotiated transactions;

•	to investors through agents;

•	directly to agents;

•	to or through brokers or dealers;

•	to the public through underwriting syndicates led by one or more managing underwriters;

•	to one or more underwriters acting alone for resale to investors or to the public;

•	through a block trade in which the broker or dealer engaged to handle the block trade will attempt to sell the securities as agent, but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

•	through agents on a best-efforts basis; and

•	through a combination of any such methods of sale.

We may also sell the securities offered by this prospectus in "at the market offerings" within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act, to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise.

 

	-27-

 

Sales may be effected in transactions:

 

•	on any national securities exchange or quotation service on which the securities may be listed or quoted at the time of sale, including the NYSE MKT in the case of shares of our common stock;

•	in the over-the-counter market;

•	in transactions otherwise than on such exchanges or services or in the over-the-counter market;

•	through the writing of options; or

•	through the settlement of short sales.

We will provide in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the offering and the method of distribution and will identify any firms acting as underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering, including:

•	the name or names of any underwriters, dealers or agents;

•	the amount of securities underwritten;

•	the purchase price of the securities and the proceeds to us from the sale;

•	any over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;

•	any underwriting discounts and other items constituting compensation to underwriters, dealers or agents;

•	any public offering price;

•	any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers;

•	any material relationships between the underwriters and the Company; and

•	any securities exchange or market on which the securities offered in the prospectus supplement may be listed.

In connection with the sale of the securities, we or the purchasers of securities for whom the underwriter may act as agent, may compensate the underwriter in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions.

Any underwritten offering may be on a best efforts or a firm commitment basis. Underwriters, dealers and agents participating in the securities distribution may be deemed to be underwriters, and any discounts and commissions they receive and any profit they realize on the resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Underwriters and their controlling persons, dealers and agents may be entitled, under agreements entered into with us, to indemnification against and contribution toward specific civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

 

	-28-

 

The distribution of the securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at prices determined as the applicable prospectus supplement specifies.

In connection with the sale of the securities, underwriters, dealers or agents may be deemed to have received compensation from us in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions and also may receive commissions from securities purchasers for whom they may act as agent. Underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers, and the dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters or commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agent.

Unless otherwise specified in the related prospectus supplement, each series of securities will be a new issue with no established trading market, other than shares of common stock of the Company, which are listed on the NYSE MKT. Any common stock sold pursuant to a prospectus supplement will be listed on the NYSE MKT, subject to official notice of issuance and where applicable, subject to the requirements of the NYSE MKT (which generally require shareholder approval for any transactions which would result in the issuance of more than 20% of our then outstanding shares of common stock or voting rights representing over 20% of our then outstanding shares of stock). We may elect to list any series of preferred stock, on an exchange, but we are not obligated to do so. It is possible that one or more underwriters may make a market in the securities, but such underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity of, or the trading market for, any offered securities.

In connection with an offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell securities in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of securities than they are required to purchase in an offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of bids or purchases made for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the securities while an offering is in progress. The underwriters also may impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because the underwriters have repurchased securities sold by or for the account of that underwriter in stabilizing or short-covering transactions. These activities by the underwriters may stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the securities. As a result, the price of the securities may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If these activities are commenced, they may be discontinued by the underwriters at any time. Underwriters may engage in overallotment. If any underwriters create a short position in the securities in an offering in which they sell more securities than are set forth on the cover page of the applicable prospectus supplement, the underwriters may reduce that short position by purchasing the securities in the open market.

 

Underwriters, dealers or agents that participate in the offer of securities, or their affiliates or associates, may have engaged or engage in transactions with and perform services for, us or our affiliates in the ordinary course of business for which they may have received or receive customary fees and reimbursement of expenses.

We may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement so indicates, in connection with any derivative transaction, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement or a post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. In addition, we may otherwise loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities short using this prospectus. Such financial institution or other third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a concurrent offering of other securities.

 

	-29-

 

The specific terms of any lock-up provisions in respect of any given offering will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

The underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business for which they receive compensation.

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the securities offered by this prospectus has been passed upon for us by The Loev Law Firm, PC.  Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us, any underwriters, dealers or agents, by counsel that we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement.  

EXPERTS

The consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, appearing in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 (“Form 10-K”), as amended by the Company’s filing of Amendments to the Form 10-K on April 19, 2013 and April 25, 2013, have been audited by GBH CPAs, PC, as set forth in their report thereon, and incorporated herein by reference.  Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firms as experts in accounting and auditing.

The balance sheets of Condor as of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, and the related statements of operations, members' equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2012 and for the period from October 31, 2011 (inception) to December 31, 2011, appearing in the Company’s Form 10-K, as amended by the Company’s filing of an Amendment to the Form 10-K on April 25, 2013 have been audited by GBH CPAs, PC, as set forth in their report thereon, and incorporated herein by reference.  Such financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firms as experts in accounting and auditing.

The balance sheets of White Hawk as of December 31, 2012, and the related statements of operations, members' equity, and cash flows for the period from May 11, 2012 (inception) to December 31, 2012, appearing in the Company’s Form 10-K have been audited by GBH CPAs, PC, as set forth in their report thereon, and incorporated herein by reference.  Such financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firms as experts in accounting and auditing.

The consolidated financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2011 and for the period from February 9, 2011 (inception) to December 31, 2011, appearing in the Company’s Form 10-K, as restated in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 9, 2013, have been audited by SingerLewak LLP, as set forth in their report thereon, and incorporated herein by reference.  Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firms as experts in accounting and auditing.

The consolidated financial statements of Blast Energy Services, Inc. as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 and for each of the two fiscal years ended December 31, 2011 appearing in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 have been audited by GBH CPAs, PC, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report thereon, and incorporated herein by reference. Such financial statements are included in this prospectus in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

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Certain of our oil and gas reserve estimates that are incorporated herein by reference were based upon a report prepared by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., an independent professional engineering firm specializing in the technical evaluation of oil and gas assets and estimates of future net income. These estimates are included and incorporated by reference herein in reliance on the authority of such firm as an expert in such matters.

No expert or counsel named in this prospectus as having prepared or certified any part of this prospectus or having given an opinion upon the validity of the securities being registered or upon other legal matters in connection with the registration or offering of the securities was employed on a contingency basis, or had, or is to receive, in connection with the offering, a substantial interest, direct or indirect, in the registrant or any of its parents or subsidiaries. Nor was any such person connected with the registrant or any of its parents or subsidiaries as a promoter, managing or principal underwriter, voting trustee, director, officer or employee.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s web site at www.sec.gov and on the “Investors,” “SEC Filings” page of our website at www.pacificenergydevelopment.com. Information on our web site is not part of this prospectus, and we do not desire to incorporate by reference such information herein. You may also read and copy any document we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can also obtain copies of the documents upon the payment of a duplicating fee to the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the Public Reference Room. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC like us. Our SEC filings are also available to the public from the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

This prospectus is part of the registration statement and does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement. Whenever a reference is made in this prospectus to any of our contracts or other documents, the reference may not be complete and, for a copy of the contract or document, you should refer to the exhibits that are a part of the registration statement.

This prospectus omits some information contained in the registration statement in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. You should review the information and exhibits included in the registration statement for further information about us and the securities we are offering. Statements in this prospectus concerning any document we filed as an exhibit to the registration statement or that we otherwise filed with the SEC are not intended to be comprehensive and are qualified by reference to these filings and documents. You should review the complete document to evaluate these statements.

 

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

The Securities and Exchange Commission allows us to “incorporate by reference” into this prospectus the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus from the date on which we file that document. Any reports filed by us with the SEC (i) on or after the date of filing of the registration statement and (ii) on or after the date of this prospectus and before the termination of the offering of the securities by means of this prospectus will automatically update and, where applicable, supersede information contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

We incorporate by reference the documents listed below, all filings filed by us pursuant to the Exchange Act after the date of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part prior to effectiveness of such registration statement, and any future filings we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, prior to the time that all securities covered by this prospectus have been sold; provided, however, that we are not incorporating any information furnished under either Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of any current report on Form 8-K:

·	Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, filed with the SEC on March 25, 2013, as amended on April 19, 2013 and April 25, 2013;

·	Our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2013, filed with the SEC on May 20, 2013 and August 14, 2013 (as amended on August 14, 2013 and August 21, 2013), respectively;

·	Our Current Reports on Form 8-K and Form 8-K/A (other than information furnished rather than filed) filed with the SEC on April 9, 2013; April 23, 2013; July 15, 2013; August 13, 2013; September 5, 2013; September 10, 2013; and September 16, 2013; and

·	The description of our common stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A/A, filed with the SEC on September 5, 2013 (File No. 001-35922) pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

These documents contain important information about us, our business and our financial condition. You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at:

PEDEVCO Corp.

4125 Blackhawk Plaza Circle, Suite 201

Danville, CALIFORNIA 94506

Phone: (855) 733-2685

Fax: (925) 403-0703

All documents filed by us pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, excluding any information in those documents that are deemed by the rules of the SEC to be furnished but not filed, after the date of the filing of this prospectus and before the termination of this offering shall be deemed to be incorporated in this prospectus and to be a part hereof from the date of the filing of such document. Any statement contained in a document incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for all purposes to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus, or in any other subsequently filed document which is also incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference, modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus. You will be deemed to have notice of all information incorporated by reference in this prospectus as if that information was included in this prospectus.

We maintain an Internet website at www.pacificenergydevelopment.com where the incorporated reports listed above can be accessed. Neither this website nor the information on this website is included or incorporated in, or is a part of, this prospectus.

 

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