Document
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to            
Commission file number 001-33998
logocdia05.jpg
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Kentucky
61-0156015
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
 
600 North Hurstbourne Parkway, Suite 400 Louisville, Kentucky 40222
(502) 636-4400
(Address of principal executive offices) (zip code)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
x
 
Accelerated filer
o
Non-accelerated filer
o
 
Smaller reporting company
o
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  ¨  No  x
The number of shares outstanding of Registrant’s common stock at July 25, 2018 was 13,563,116 shares.
 
 
 


CHURCHILL DOWNS INCORPORATED
INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2

PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CHURCHILL DOWNS INCORPORATED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per common share data)
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Net revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Racing
$
182.5

 
$
165.3

 
$
206.2

 
$
189.2

TwinSpires
93.7

 
80.5

 
156.9

 
132.5

Casino
98.2

 
88.3

 
196.3

 
175.8

Other Investments
5.0

 
5.2

 
9.3

 
9.3

Total net revenue
379.4


339.3

 
568.7

 
506.8

Operating expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Racing
85.3

 
76.5

 
121.2

 
112.9

TwinSpires
59.4

 
51.4

 
103.4

 
87.8

Casino
67.3

 
62.1

 
132.1

 
124.8

Other Investments
5.0

 
4.9

 
9.6

 
8.8

Corporate
0.6

 
0.6

 
1.1

 
1.2

Selling, general and administrative expense
23.1

 
20.2

 
41.5

 
38.8

Calder exit costs
—

 
0.2

 
—

 
0.6

Transaction expense, net
2.1

 
0.5

 
3.5

 
0.5

Total operating expense
242.8

 
216.4

 
412.4

 
375.4

Operating income
136.6

 
122.9

 
156.3

 
131.4

Other income (expense):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense, net
(9.7
)
 
(11.6
)
 
(19.3
)
 
(23.4
)
Equity in income of unconsolidated investments
8.8

 
7.7

 
15.3

 
13.8

Miscellaneous, net
0.3

 
0.7

 
0.4

 
0.7

Total other expense
(0.6
)
 
(3.2
)
 
(3.6
)
 
(8.9
)
  Income from continuing operations before provision for income taxes
136.0

 
119.7

 
152.7

 
122.5

Income tax provision
(32.8
)
 
(47.0
)
 
(35.4
)
 
(47.6
)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax
103.2

 
72.7

 
117.3

 
74.9

(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax
(0.1
)
 
5.6

 
167.8

 
10.7

Net income
$
103.1

 
$
78.3

 
$
285.1

 
$
85.6

Net income (loss) per common share data - basic:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
7.61

 
$
4.52

 
$
8.38

 
$
4.62

Discontinued operations
$
(0.01
)
 
$
0.34

 
$
11.98

 
$
0.65

Net income per common share data - basic:
$
7.60

 
$
4.86

 
$
20.36

 
$
5.27

Net income (loss) per common share data - diluted:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
7.57

 
$
4.47

 
$
8.34

 
$
4.53

Discontinued operations
$
(0.02
)
 
$
0.34

 
$
11.92

 
$
0.65

Net income per common share data - diluted:
$
7.55

 
$
4.81

 
$
20.26

 
$
5.18

Weighted average shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
13.5

 
16.1

 
14.0

 
16.2

Diluted
13.6

 
16.3

 
14.1

 
16.5

Other comprehensive loss:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation, net of tax
—

 
(0.3
)
 
—

 
(0.4
)
Change in pension benefits, net of tax
(0.2
)
 
—

 
(0.2
)
 
—

Other comprehensive loss
(0.2
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.4
)
Comprehensive income
$
102.9

 
$
78.0

 
$
284.9

 
$
85.2

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

CHURCHILL DOWNS INCORPORATED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(in millions)
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
254.6

 
$
51.7

Restricted cash
40.1

 
31.2

Accounts receivable, net
37.3

 
49.6

Income taxes receivable
—

 
35.6

Other current assets
22.1

 
18.9

Current assets of discontinued operations held for sale
—

 
69.1

Total current assets
354.1

 
256.1

Property and equipment, net
668.5

 
608.0

Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates
176.8

 
171.3

Goodwill
317.6

 
317.6

Other intangible assets, net
166.5

 
169.4

Other assets
13.1

 
13.6

Long-term assets of discontinued operations held for sale
—

 
823.4

Total assets
$
1,696.6

 
$
2,359.4

 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
79.0

 
$
54.1

Purses payable
26.3

 
12.5

Account wagering deposit liabilities
31.5

 
24.0

Accrued expense
95.2

 
75.8

Income taxes payable
24.5

 
—

Current deferred revenue
13.6

 
70.9

Current maturities of long-term debt
4.0

 
4.0

Dividends payable
—

 
23.7

Current liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale
—

 
188.2

Total current liabilities
274.1

 
453.2

Long-term debt, net of current maturities and loan origination fees
389.0

 
632.9

Notes payable, net of debt issuance costs
492.7

 
492.3

Non-current deferred revenue
21.1

 
29.3

Deferred income taxes
48.6

 
40.6

Other liabilities
17.9

 
16.0

Non-current liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale
—

 
54.8

Total liabilities
1,243.4

 
1,719.1

Commitments and contingencies

 

Shareholders' equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, no par value; 0.3 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding
—

 
—

Common stock, no par value; 50.0 shares authorized; 13.6 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2018 and 15.4 shares at December 31, 2017
6.0

 
7.3

Retained earnings
448.1

 
634.3

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(0.9
)
 
(1.3
)
Total shareholders' equity
453.2

 
640.3

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
$
1,696.6

 
$
2,359.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

CHURCHILL DOWNS INCORPORATED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
285.1

 
$
85.6

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
29.1

 
49.3

Game software development amortization
0.4

 
8.7

Gain on sale of Big Fish Games
(219.5
)
 
—

Distributed earnings from unconsolidated affiliates
9.9

 
8.7

Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliates
(15.3
)
 
(13.8
)
Stock-based compensation
12.6

 
11.7

Deferred income taxes
6.9

 
—

Big Fish Games earnout payment
(2.4
)
 
(2.5
)
Big Fish Games deferred payment
(2.0
)
 
—

Other
1.7

 
1.7

Increase (decrease) in cash resulting from changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of business acquisitions and dispositions:
 
 
 
Game software development
(0.3
)
 
(11.3
)
Income taxes
55.3

 
50.0

Deferred revenue
(43.7
)
 
(34.9
)
Other assets and liabilities
44.5

 
15.2

Net cash provided by operating activities
162.3

 
168.4

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Capital maintenance expenditures
(13.7
)
 
(17.9
)
Capital project expenditures
(58.7
)
 
(46.1
)
Acquisition of a business
—

 
(23.1
)
Proceeds from sale of Big Fish Games
970.7

 
—

Receivable from escrow
—

 
13.6

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates
—

 
(24.0
)
Other
(5.9
)
 
0.2

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
892.4

 
(97.3
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings under long-term debt obligations
117.2

 
543.6

Repayments of borrowings under long-term debt obligations
(361.3
)
 
(394.2
)
Big Fish Games earnout payment
(31.8
)
 
(31.7
)
Big Fish Games deferred payment
(26.4
)
 
—

Payment of dividends
(23.5
)
 
(21.8
)
Repurchase of common stock
(514.7
)
 
(181.0
)
Other
(4.4
)
 
3.8

Net cash used in financing activities
(844.9
)
 
(81.3
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
209.8

 
(10.2
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
(0.6
)
 
0.6

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period
85.5

 
83.0

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period
$
294.7

 
$
73.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

CHURCHILL DOWNS INCORPORATED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
 
 
 
Cash paid during the period for:
 
 
 
Interest
$
8.5

 
$
21.4

Income taxes
23.7

 
9.0

Schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
 
 
 
Property and equipment additions included in accounts payable and accrued expenses
21.9

 
—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)



1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Basis of Presentation
The Churchill Downs Incorporated (the "Company", "we", "us", "our") financial statements are presented in conformity with the requirements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and consequently do not include all of the disclosures normally required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") or those normally made in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. The December 31, 2017 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP.
On November 29, 2017, the Company entered into a definitive Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Stock Purchase Agreement") to sell its mobile gaming subsidiary, Big Fish Games, Inc., a Washington corporation ("Big Fish Games"), to Aristocrat Technologies, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the "Purchaser"), an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Aristocrat Leisure Limited, an Australian corporation (the "Big Fish Transaction"). On January 9, 2018, pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company completed the Big Fish Transaction. The Purchaser paid an aggregate consideration of $990.0 million in cash in connection with the Big Fish Transaction, subject to customary adjustments for working capital and indebtedness and certain other adjustments as set forth in the Stock Purchase Agreement.
The Big Fish Games segment and related Big Fish Transaction meet the criteria for held for sale and discontinued operation presentation. Accordingly, the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income, condensed consolidated balance sheets, and the notes to financial statements reflect the Big Fish Games segment as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Unless otherwise specified, disclosures in these condensed consolidated financial statements reflect continuing operations only. The condensed consolidated statements of cash flows include both continuing and discontinued operations. Refer to Note 5, Discontinued Operations, for further information on the discontinued operations relating to the Big Fish Transaction.
The following information is unaudited. All per share amounts assume dilution unless otherwise noted. This report should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of this information have been made, and all such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature.
Seasonality
Racing
Due to the seasonal nature of our live racing business, revenue and operating results for any interim quarter are generally not indicative of the revenues and operating results for the year and may not be comparable with results for the corresponding period of the previous year. Historically, we have had fewer live racing days during the first quarter of each year, and the majority of our live racing revenue occurs during the second quarter, with the running of the Kentucky Derby and the Kentucky Oaks. We conducted 64 live thoroughbred race days in the second quarter of 2018 and 2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, we conducted 118 live thoroughbred race days, compared to 119 live thoroughbred race days during the six months ended June 30, 2017.
TwinSpires
Due to the seasonal nature of the racing business, revenue and operating results for any interim quarter are generally not indicative of the revenues and operating results for the year and may not be comparable with results for the corresponding period of the previous year. Historically, our revenue is higher in the second quarter with the running of the Kentucky Derby and the Kentucky Oaks.
Casino
Revenue from our casino properties has a seasonal component and is typically higher during the first and second quarters.
2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Recent Accounting Pronouncement - Adopted on January 1, 2018
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Updated ("ASU") No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606") which provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. We adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The comparative information has not been retrospectively adjusted and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. We expect the adoption of the new revenue standard will not have a material impact on our net income on an ongoing basis in future periods.

7

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


The cumulative effects of the changes made to our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018 for the adoption of ASC 606 were as follows:
(in millions)
As Reported at December 31, 2017
 
Adoption of ASC 606
 
Balance at January 1, 2018
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable, net
$
49.6

 
$
(21.8
)
 
$
27.8

Income taxes receivable
35.6

 
(4.1
)
 
31.5

Current assets of discontinued operations held for sale
69.1

 
0.7

 
69.8

Other assets
13.6

 
(1.1
)
 
12.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued expense
75.8

 
0.8

 
76.6

Current deferred revenue
70.9

 
(18.9
)
 
52.0

Current liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale
188.2

 
(38.8
)
 
149.4

Non-current deferred revenue
29.3

 
(4.5
)
 
24.8

Deferred income taxes
40.6

 
(0.1
)
 
40.5

Non-current liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale
54.8

 
5.5

 
60.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
Retained earnings
634.3

 
29.7

 
664.0

There were two primary changes to our condensed consolidated balance sheet resulting from the adoption of ASC 606. The most significant change was in current and non-current liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale and retained earnings related to breakage revenue for outstanding Big Fish Game Club credits. The other primary change was in accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, current deferred revenue, and non-current deferred revenue related to the timing of when we have a right to consideration under our contracts.
In accordance with ASC 606 requirements, the disclosure of the impact of adoption on our condensed consolidated balance sheet was as follows:
 
At June 30, 2018
(in millions)
As Reported
 
Balances without Adoption of ASC 606
 
Effect of Change Increase/(Decrease)
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable, net
$
37.3

 
$
38.0

 
$
(0.7
)
Other assets
13.1

 
14.9

 
(1.8
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued expense
95.2

 
94.4

 
0.8

Income taxes payable
24.5

 
24.3

 
0.2

Current deferred revenue
13.6

 
15.4

 
(1.8
)
Non-current deferred revenue
21.1

 
23.6

 
(2.5
)
Deferred income taxes
48.6

 
48.4

 
0.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
Retained earnings
448.1

 
447.5

 
0.6

Adoption of ASC 606 had no impact on cash provided by or used in operating, financing, or investing activities on our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018. As part of the transition to ASC 606 on January 1, 2018, there have been certain modifications between the classification of net revenue and operating expenses in the TwinSpires segment in the current period. The impact of adopting ASC 606 on our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was not material.

8

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash ("ASU 2016-18"). The new standard requires that the statement of cash flows explain the change during the period of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash. Entities are also required to reconcile the cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash in the statement of cash flows to the balance sheet and disclose the nature of the restrictions on restricted cash. We adopted ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018 using the retrospective method. As a result, we began including amounts generally described as restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning of period and end of period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. We adjusted our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2017 from amounts previously reported due to the adoption of ASU 2016-18. The effects of adopting ASU 2016-18 on our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows were as follows:
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
(in millions)
As Previously Reported
 
Adoption of ASU 2016-18
 
As Adjusted
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
$
171.1

 
$
(2.7
)
 
$
168.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period
$
48.7

 
$
34.3

 
$
83.0

Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
(7.5
)
 
(2.7
)
 
(10.2
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
0.6

 
—

 
0.6

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period
$
41.8

 
$
31.6

 
$
73.4

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. The new guidance reduces diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. We adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2018 and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. We will utilize the cumulative earnings approach under the ASU to present distributions received from equity method investees which is consistent with our previous existing policy.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income: Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("ASU 2018-02"), which allows an entity to make an election to reclassify amounts from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act"). We early adopted ASU 2018-02 on January 1, 2018 at the beginning of the period of adoption and elected to reclassify the income tax effects of the Tax Act from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. The adoption of ASU 2018-02 did not have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation: Scope of Modification Accounting, which provides clarity about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting for stock compensation expense. The guidance became effective in 2018 and is to be applied prospectively. We adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2018 and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations: Clarifying the Definition of a Business, in an effort to clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The guidance became effective in 2018 and is to be applied prospectively. We adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2018 and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements - effective in 2019 or thereafter
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, which requires companies to generally recognize on the balance sheet operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets. As currently issued, ASU 2016-02 will be effective in 2019 with earlier adoption permitted, and is to be applied at the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements using a modified retrospective approach. We are currently evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of this new standard, and we currently expect that most of our operating lease commitments will be subject to the new standard and recognized as operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets upon our adoption of ASU 2016-02. The adoption of this new standard is not expected to have a material effect on net income.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, which introduces a new model for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments based on an estimate of current expected credit losses. The new model will apply to: (1) loans, accounts receivable, trade receivables, and other financial assets measured at amortized cost, (2) loan

9

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


commitments and certain other off-balance sheet credit exposures, (3) debt securities and other financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, and (4) beneficial interests in securitized financial assets. The guidance will become effective in 2020, and is to be applied through a modified retrospective approach during the year of adoption. We are assessing the impact of the new accounting guidance and currently cannot estimate the financial statement impact of adoption.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This new guidance simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairments by removing step two from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss shall be recognized in an amount equal to that excess. The new guidance is effective in 2020 with early adoption permitted for any goodwill impairment test performed between January 1, 2017 and January 1, 2020, and is to be applied prospectively. We are currently evaluating the timing of our adoption and impact of the new accounting guidance on our financial statements and related disclosures.
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Except for the accounting policies for revenue recognition, casino and pari-mutuel taxes, and restricted cash, all of which were updated as a result of our recently adopted accounting pronouncements on January 1, 2018, as described in Note 2, Recent Accounting Pronouncements, there have been no changes to our significant accounting policies described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, that have had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.
Revenue Recognition
Racing
Racing revenue is generated by pari-mutuel wagering transactions with customers on live and simulcast racing content as well as simulcast host fees earned from other wagering sites. Additionally, we generate revenue through sponsorships, admissions (including luxury suites), personal seat licenses ("PSLs"), television rights, concessions, programs and parking.
Our Racing revenue and income are influenced by our racing calendar. Therefore, revenue and operating results for any interim quarter are not generally indicative of the revenue and operating results for the year and may not be comparable with results for the corresponding period of the previous year. We historically have had fewer live racing days during the first quarter of each year, and the majority of our live racing revenue occurs during the second quarter with the running of the Kentucky Oaks and Kentucky Derby.
For live races we present at our racetracks, we recognize revenue on wagers we accept from customers at our racetrack ("on-track revenue") and revenue we earn from exporting our live racing signals to other race tracks, off-track betting facilities ("OTBs"), and advance deposit wagering providers ("export revenue"). For simulcast races we display at our racetracks, OTBs, and TwinSpires, we recognize revenue we earn from providing a wagering service to our customers on these imported live races ("import revenue"). Each wagering contract for on-track revenue and import revenue contains a single performance obligation and our export revenue contracts contain a series of distinct services that form a single performance obligation. The transaction price for on-track revenue and import revenue is fixed based on the established commission rate we are entitled to retain. The transaction price for export revenue is variable based on the simulcast host fee we charge our customers for exporting our signal. Our export revenue contracts generally have a duration of one year or less. These arrangements are licenses of intellectual property containing a usage based royalty. As a result, we have elected to use the practical expedient to omit disclosure related to remaining performance obligations for our export revenue contracts. We recognize on-track revenue, export revenue, and import revenue once the live race event is made official by the relevant racing regulatory body.
We evaluate our on-track revenue, export revenue, and import revenue contracts in order to determine whether we are acting as the principal or as the agent when providing services, which we consider in determining if revenue should be reported gross or net. An entity is a principal if it controls the specified service before that service is transferred to a customer.
The revenue we recognize for on-track revenue and import revenue is the commission we are entitled to retain for providing a wagering service to our customers. For these arrangements, we are the principal as we control the wagering service; therefore, any charges, including simulcast fees, we incur for delivering the wagering service are presented as operating expenses.
For export revenue, our customer is the third party wagering site such as a race track, OTB, or advance deposit wagering provider. Therefore, the revenue we recognize for export revenue is the simulcast host fee we earn for exporting our racing signal to the third party wagering site.
Our admission contracts are either for a single live racing event day or multiple days. Our PSLs, sponsorships, and television rights contracts generally relate to multiple live racing event days. Multiple day admission, PSLs, sponsorships, and television rights contracts contain a distinct series of services that form single performance obligations. Sponsorships contracts generally include performance obligations related to admissions and advertising rights at our racetracks. Television rights contracts contain a performance obligation related to the rights to distribute certain live racing events on media platforms. The transaction prices

10

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


for our admissions, PSLs, sponsorships, and television rights contracts are fixed. We allocate the transaction price to our sponsorship contract performance obligations based on the estimated relative standalone selling price of each distinct service.
The revenue we recognize for admissions to a live racing event day is recognized once the related event is complete. For admissions, PSLs, sponsorships, and television rights contracts that relate to multiple live racing event days, we recognize revenue over time using an output method of each completed live racing event day as our measure of progress. Each completed live racing event day corresponds with the transfer of the relevant service to a customer and therefore is considered a faithful depiction of our efforts to satisfy the promises in these contracts. This output method results in measuring the value transferred to date to the customer relative to the remaining services promised under the contracts. Certain premium live racing event days such as the Kentucky Derby and Oaks result in a higher value of revenue allocated relative to other live racing event days due to, among other things, the quality of thoroughbreds racing, higher levels of on-track attendance, national broadcast audience, local and national media coverage, and overall entertainment value of the event.
Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers for our long-term contracts in our Racing segment. We generally invoice customers prior to delivery of services for our admissions, PSLs, sponsorships, and television rights contracts. Accordingly, we recognize a receivable and a contract liability at the time we have an unconditional right to receive payment. When cash is received in advance of delivering services under our contracts, we defer revenue and recognize it in accordance with our policies for that type of contract. In situations where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, we have determined our contracts do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of our invoicing terms is to allow our customers to secure the right to the specific services provided under our contracts, not to receive financing from our customers.
Concessions, programs, and parking revenue is recognized once the good or service is delivered.
TwinSpires
TwinSpires revenue is generated through pari-mutuel wagering transactions with customers on simulcast racing content through advance deposit wagering. Advance deposit wagering consists of patrons wagering through an advance deposit account.
Our TwinSpires revenue and income are influenced by racing calendars similar to our Racing segment. Therefore, revenue and operating results for any interim quarter are not generally indicative of the revenue and operating results for the year and may not be comparable with results for the corresponding period of the previous year.
We recognize import revenue in our TwinSpires segment consistent with our policy described in Racing.
We may provide cash incentives in conjunction with wagering transactions we accept from customers. These cash incentives represent consideration payable to a customer and therefore are treated as a reduction of the transaction price for the wagering transaction.
Casino
Casino revenue primarily consists of gaming wager transactions. Other operating revenue, such as food and beverage or hotel revenue, is recognized once delivery of the product or service has occurred.
The transaction price for gaming wager transactions is the difference between gaming wins and losses. The majority of our casinos offer loyalty programs that enable customers to earn loyalty points based on their gaming play. Gaming wager transactions involve two performance obligations for those customers earning loyalty points under the Company’s loyalty programs and a single performance obligation for customers who do not participate in the program. Loyalty points are primarily redeemable for free gaming activities and food and beverage. For purposes of allocating the transaction price in a wagering transaction between the wagering performance obligation and the obligation associated with the loyalty points earned, the Company allocates an amount to the loyalty point contract liability based on the stand-alone selling price of the points earned, which is determined by the value of a loyalty point that can be redeemed for gaming activities or food and beverage. An amount is allocated to the gaming wager performance obligation using the residual approach as the stand-alone price for wagers is highly variable and no set established price exists for such wagers. The allocated revenue for gaming wagers is recognized when the wagers occur as all such wagers settle immediately. The loyalty point contract liability amount is deferred and recognized as revenue when the customer redeems the points for a gaming wagering transaction or food and beverage and such goods or services are delivered to the customer.
Casino and Pari-mutuel Taxes
We recognize casino and pari-mutuel tax expense based on the statutory requirements of the state and local jurisdictions in which we conduct business. All of our casino taxes and the majority of our pari-mutuel taxes are gross receipts taxes levied on the gaming entity. We recognize these taxes as Racing, TwinSpires and Casino operating expenses in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income. In certain jurisdictions governing our Racing and TwinSpires pari-mutuel contracts with customers, there are specific pari-mutuel taxes that are assessed on winning wagers from our customers, which we collect and remit to the government. These taxes are presented on a net basis.

11

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


Restricted Cash and Account Wagering Deposit Liabilities
Amounts included in restricted cash represent amounts due to horsemen for purses, stakes and awards that are paid in accordance with the terms of our contractual agreements or statutory requirements. Restricted cash also includes deposits collected from our TwinSpires segment customers for account wagering that are paid when customers withdraw cash from their account.
4. REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
Performance Obligations
As of June 30, 2018, our Racing segment had remaining performance obligations with an aggregate transaction price of $174.9 million. The revenue we expect to recognize on these remaining performance obligations is $1.3 million for the remainder of 2018, $41.2 million in 2019, $34.1 million in 2020, and the remainder thereafter.
As of June 30, 2018, our remaining performance obligations in segments other than Racing were not material.
Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities
As of January 1, 2018 and June 30, 2018, contract assets were not material.
As of January 1, 2018 and June 30, 2018, contract liabilities were $78.7 million and $36.7 million, respectively, which are included in current deferred revenue, non-current deferred revenue, and accrued expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Contract liabilities primarily relate to our Racing segment and the decrease was primarily due to revenue recognized for fulfilled performance obligations. We recognized $47.9 million of revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2018 and $50.1 million of revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2018 that was included in the contract liabilities balance at January 1, 2018.
Disaggregation of Revenue
To determine how we disaggregate our revenue from contracts with customers, we consider the information regularly reviewed by our chief operating decision maker for evaluating the financial performance of operating segments, disclosures presented in our earnings releases, and other similar information that is used by the Company and users of our financial statements to evaluate our financial performance. We believe that the disaggregation of our revenue included in Note 15, Segment Information, coupled with the disclosures included in Note 3, Significant Accounting Policies, reflects these considerations and depicts how the nature, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
5. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On January 9, 2018, the Company completed the Big Fish Transaction which had a purchase price of $990.0 million. The Company received cash proceeds of $970.7 million which was net of $5.2 million of working capital adjustments and $14.1 million of transaction costs. The Company derecognized the following upon the Big Fish Transaction:
(in millions)
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
0.3

Accounts receivable
34.7

Game software development, net
6.7

Other current assets
17.0

Property and equipment, net
17.8

Game software development, net
13.8

Goodwill
530.7

Other intangible assets, net
238.4

Other assets
24.0

Accounts payable
(8.5
)
Accrued expense
(22.6
)
Deferred revenue
(44.2
)
Deferred income taxes
(52.0
)
Other liabilities
(4.9
)
Carrying value of Big Fish Games
$
751.2


12

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


The Company recognized a gain of $219.5 million upon the sale recorded in income from discontinued operations on the condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The gain consisted of cash proceeds of $970.7 million offset by the carrying value of Big Fish Games of $751.2 million. The income tax provision on the gain was $51.2 million, resulting in an after tax gain of $168.3 million.
The following table presents the financial results of Big Fish Games included in "(loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax":
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Net revenue
$
—

 
$
112.5

 
$
13.2

 
$
224.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses
—

 
89.2

 
8.4

 
176.2

Selling, general and administrative expense
0.6

 
6.7

 
4.9

 
12.2

Research and development
—

 
9.9

 
0.9

 
20.2

Transaction expense, net
—

 
0.2

 
—

 
0.4

Total operating expense
0.6

 
106.0

 
14.2

 
209.0

Operating (loss) income
(0.6
)
 
6.5

 
(1.0
)
 
15.5

Other income (expense)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain on sale of Big Fish Games
—

 
—

 
219.5

 
—

Other expense
—

 
(0.4
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.4
)
Total other income (loss)
—

 
(0.4
)
 
219.4

 
(0.4
)
(Loss) income from discontinued operations before provision for income taxes
(0.6
)
 
6.1

 
218.4

 
15.1

Income tax benefit (provision)
0.5

 
(0.5
)
 
(50.6
)
 
(4.4
)
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax
$
(0.1
)
 
$
5.6

 
$
167.8

 
$
10.7

Stock-Based Compensation
For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recognized $3.4 million of stock-based compensation expense related to Big Fish Games, which included the impact of the accelerated vesting dates of restricted stock awards held by Big Fish Games' employees in conjunction with the Big Fish Transaction.
Earnout Liabilities
As of December 31, 2017, we had $34.2 million of deferred earnout consideration and $28.4 million of deferred payments due to the founder of Big Fish Games, both of which were paid on January 3, 2018.
6. ACQUISITIONS
On February 28, 2018, the Company entered into two separate definitive asset purchase agreements with Eldorado Resorts, Inc. ("ERI") to acquire substantially all of the assets and properties used in connection with the operation of Presque Isle Downs & Casino in Erie, Pennsylvania (the "Presque Isle Transaction"), and Lady Luck Casino in Vicksburg, Mississippi (the "Lady Luck Vicksburg Transaction") for total aggregate consideration of approximately $229.5 million, to be paid in cash, subject to certain working capital and other purchase price adjustments.
On July 6, 2018, the Company and ERI mutually agreed to terminate the asset purchase agreement with respect to the Lady Luck Vicksburg Transaction (the "Termination Agreement"). Pursuant to the Termination Agreement, the Company has agreed to pay to ERI a termination fee of $5.0 million, subject to the parties' execution of a definitive agreement with respect to the Lady Luck Nemacolin Transaction, as described below.
Concurrently with the entry into the Termination Agreement, the Company and ERI also entered into an amendment to the previously announced asset purchase agreement relating to the Presque Isle Transaction (the "Amendment"). Pursuant to the Amendment, the Company and ERI have agreed to, among other things, (i) eliminate the consummation of the Lady Luck Vicksburg Transaction as a condition to closing the Presque Isle Transaction, (ii) withdraw the parties’ filings previously submitted in connection with the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR Act"), and submit new filings pursuant to the HSR Act to reflect the transactions contemplated by the Amendment and the Termination Agreement and (iii) cooperate in good faith, subject to certain conditions, to enter into an agreement pursuant to which the Company, for cash consideration of $100,000,

13

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


will assume the rights and obligations of an affiliate of ERI to operate the Lady Luck Casino Nemacolin in Farmington, Pennsylvania (the "Lady Luck Nemacolin Transaction"). The Presque Isle Transaction reflects a stand-alone purchase price of $178.9 million and remains dependent on usual and customary closing conditions. Closing of the Presque Isle Transaction is also conditioned on the execution of the definitive agreement with respect to the Lady Luck Nemacolin Transaction. Subject to expiration of termination of the waiting period under the HSR Act, receipt of Pennsylvania regulatory approvals, and other customary closing conditions, the Presque Isle Transaction and the Lady Luck Nemacolin Transaction are expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2018.
On April 24, 2017, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of BAM Software and Services, LLC ("BetAmerica"), which has not had a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. The Company has not included other disclosures regarding BetAmerica because the acquired business is immaterial to our business.
7. INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES
The Company's equity investments include the following:
•
50% joint venture ownership in Miami Valley Gaming ("MVG") in Lebanon, Ohio;
•
25% equity investment in Saratoga Casino Holdings LLC ("SCH"), which owns Saratoga Casino Hotel in Saratoga Springs, New York ("Saratoga New York") and Saratoga Casino Black Hawk in Black Hawk, Colorado ("Saratoga Colorado"); and
•
50% equity investment in Ocean Downs LLC and Services Racing LLC ("Ocean Downs") located near Ocean City, Maryland. SCH owns the remaining 50% of Ocean Downs, providing the Company an effective 62.5% interest.
Summarized below are the financial results for our unconsolidated affiliates:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Net revenue
$
114.5

 
$
109.4

 
$
216.1

 
$
212.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating and SG&A expense
84.4

 
83.8

 
163.3

 
165.5

Depreciation and amortization
6.6

 
5.1

 
13.1

 
10.9

Total operating expense
91.0

 
88.9

 
176.4

 
176.4

Operating income
23.5

 
20.5

 
39.7

 
36.3

Interest and other expense, net
(2.6
)
 
(2.7
)
 
(4.9
)
 
(5.3
)
Net income
$
20.9

 
$
17.8

 
$
34.8

 
$
31.0

(in millions)
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Assets
 
 
 
Current assets
$
71.1

 
$
64.5

Property and equipment, net
231.0

 
234.6

Other assets, net
241.0

 
236.5

Total assets
$
543.1

 
$
535.6

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and Members' Equity
 
 
 
Current liabilities
$
96.8

 
$
100.3

Long-term debt
104.6

 
110.1

Other liabilities
1.2

 
0.1

Members' equity
340.5

 
325.1

Total liabilities and members' equity
$
543.1

 
$
535.6


14

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


8. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill is comprised of the following:
(in millions)
Racing
 
TwinSpires
 
Casino
 
Total
Balances as of December 31, 2017
$
51.7

 
$
148.2

 
$
117.7

 
$
317.6

Additions
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Balances as of June 30, 2018
$
51.7

 
$
148.2

 
$
117.7

 
$
317.6

We performed our annual goodwill impairment analysis as of April 1, 2018 and no adjustment to the carrying value of goodwill was required. We assessed goodwill for impairment by performing step one fair value calculations on a quantitative basis for each reporting unit. We concluded that the fair values of our reporting units exceeded their carrying value and therefore step two of the assessment was not required.
Other intangible assets are comprised of the following:
 
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
(in millions)
Gross Carrying Amount
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying Amount
 
Gross Carrying Amount
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying Amount
Definite-lived intangible assets
$
40.0

 
$
(23.7
)
 
$
16.3

 
$
39.8

 
$
(20.6
)
 
$
19.2

Indefinite-lived intangible assets
 
 
 
 
150.2

 
 
 
 
 
150.2

Total


 


 
$
166.5

 
 
 
 
 
$
169.4

We performed our annual indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment analysis as of April 1, 2018, which included an assessment of qualitative and quantitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair values of the indefinite-lived intangible assets are less than the carrying amount. We concluded that the fair values of our indefinite-lived intangible assets exceeded carrying value and therefore step two of the assessment was not required.
9. INCOME TAXES
The Company’s income tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was higher than the U. S. federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to state income taxes and certain expenses that are not deductible for income tax purposes, partially offset by tax benefits resulting from tax deductions from vesting of restricted stock units in excess of book deductions as well as deferred tax benefits from Kentucky House Bill 487 ("HB 487"), which was enacted on April 27, 2018. HB 487 reduces Kentucky’s corporate statutory income tax rate from 6% to 5% and imposes a single-sales factor apportionment effective for the 2018 tax year and beyond.
The Company’s income tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 was higher than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35.0% primarily due to state income taxes and certain expenses that are not deductible for income tax purposes, partially offset by tax benefits resulting from tax deductions from vesting of restricted stock units in excess of book deductions.
10. FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
We endeavor to utilize the best available information in measuring fair value. Financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following table presents our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 
Level 1
(in millions)
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Cash equivalents and restricted cash
$
40.1

 
$
31.2

Our cash equivalents and restricted cash that are held in interest-bearing accounts qualify for Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy which includes unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets.
We currently have no other assets or liabilities subject to fair value measurement on a recurring basis. Our 4.75% Senior Notes due 2028 (the "Senior Notes") are disclosed at fair value which is based on unadjusted quoted prices for similar liabilities in markets that are not active. The fair value of the Senior Notes was $463.2 million at June 30, 2018 and $496.8 million at December 31, 2017.

15

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


The following methods and assumptions were used in estimating our fair value disclosures for financial instruments:
Cash equivalents: the carrying amount reported in the balance sheet for cash equivalents approximates our fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.
Long-term debt: the carrying amounts of the borrowings under the $700.0 million revolving credit facility and $400.0 million Senior Secured Term Loan B due 2024 (the "2017 Credit Agreement") approximate fair value, based upon current interest rates, representing a Level 2 fair value measurement.
We did not measure any assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis for 2018 or 2017.
11. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
On November 29, 2017, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized a $500.0 million share repurchase program in a "modified Dutch auction" tender offer utilizing a portion of the proceeds from the Big Fish Transaction. The Company completed the tender offer on February 12, 2018, and repurchased 1,886,792 shares of the Company's common stock at a purchase price of $265 per share with an aggregate cost of $500.0 million, excluding fees and expenses related to the tender offer.
12. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
We have stock-based employee compensation plans with awards outstanding under the Churchill Downs Incorporated 2007 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan, the Churchill Downs Incorporated 2016 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan ("the 2016 Plan"), and the Executive Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, which was adopted pursuant to the 2016 Plan. Our total stock-based compensation expense, which includes expenses related to restricted stock awards ("RSAs"), restricted stock unit awards ("RSUs"), performance share unit awards ("PSUs"), and stock options associated with our employee stock purchase plan was $6.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and $4.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017. Stock-based compensation expense was $9.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and $7.8 million for the six months ended June 20, 2017.
During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company awarded RSAs to employees, RSUs and PSUs to certain named executive officers, and RSUs to directors. The vesting criteria for the PSU awards granted in 2018 were based on a three year service period with two performance conditions and a market condition related to relative total shareholder return ("TSR") consistent with prior year grants. The total compensation cost we will recognize under the PSUs will be determined using the Monte Carlo valuation methodology, which factors in the value of the TSR market condition when determining the grant date fair value of the PSU. Compensation cost for each PSU is recognized during the performance and service period based on the probable achievement of the two performance criteria. The PSUs are converted into shares of our common stock at the time the PSU award value is finalized.
A summary of the RSAs, RSUs, and PSUs granted during 2018 is presented below:
Grant Year
 
Award Type
 
Number of Shares/Units Awarded
(in thousands)
 
Vesting Terms
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
 
RSA
 
18
 
Vest equally over three service periods ending in February of 2019, 2020, and 2021
2018
 
RSU
 
16
 
Vest equally over three service periods ending December 31 of 2018, 2019, and 2020
2018
 
PSU
 
16
 
Three year performance and service period ending December 31, 2020
2018
 
RSU
 
3
 
One year service period ending in April 2019
13. CONTINGENCIES
We are involved in litigation arising in the ordinary course of conducting business. We carry insurance for workers' compensation claims from our employees and general liability for claims from independent contractors, customers and guests. We are self-insured up to an aggregate stop loss for our general liability and workers' compensation coverages.
In accordance with current accounting standards for loss contingencies and based upon information currently known to us, we establish reserves for litigation when it is probable that a loss associated with a claim or proceeding has been incurred and the amount of the loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated.  When no amount within the range of loss is a better estimate than any other amount, we accrue the minimum amount of the estimable loss. To the extent that such litigation against us may have an exposure to a loss in excess of the amount we have accrued, we believe that such excess would not be material to our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.  Legal fees are expensed as incurred.

16

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


We review all litigation on an ongoing basis when making accrual and disclosure decisions. For certain legal proceedings, we cannot reasonably estimate losses or a range of loss, if any, particularly for proceedings that are in the early stages of development or where the plaintiffs seek indeterminate damages. Various factors, including, but not limited to, the outcome of potentially lengthy discovery and the resolution of important factual questions, may need to be determined before probability can be established or before a loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated.
If the loss contingency in question is not both probable and reasonably estimable, we do not establish an accrual and the matter will continue to be monitored for any developments that would make the loss contingency both probable and reasonably estimable. In the event that a legal proceeding results in a substantial judgment against, or settlement by us, there can be no assurance that any resulting liability or financial commitment would not have a material adverse impact on our business.
14. NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE COMPUTATIONS
The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the net income per common share computations:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Numerator for basic net income per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income from continuing operations
$
103.2

 
$
72.7

 
$
117.3

 
$
74.9

Net loss from continuing operations allocated to participating securities
—

 
—

 
—

 
(0.1
)
Net (loss) income from discontinued operations
(0.1
)
 
5.6

 
167.8

 
10.7

Numerator for basic net income per common share
$
103.1

 
$
78.3

 
$
285.1

 
$
85.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Numerator for diluted net income from continuing operations per common share
$
103.2

 
$
72.7

 
$
117.3

 
$
74.9

Numerator for diluted net income per common share:
$
103.1

 
$
78.3

 
$
285.1

 
$
85.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denominator for net income per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
13.5

 
16.1

 
14.0

 
16.2

Plus dilutive effect of stock awards
0.1

 
0.2

 
0.1

 
0.2

Plus dilutive effect of participating securities
—

 
—

 
—

 
0.1

Diluted
13.6

 
16.3

 
14.1

 
16.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) per common share data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
7.61

 
$
4.52

 
$
8.38

 
$
4.62

Discontinued operations
$
(0.01
)
 
$
0.34

 
$
11.98

 
$
0.65

Net income per common share - basic
$
7.60

 
$
4.86

 
$
20.36

 
$
5.27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
7.57

 
$
4.47

 
$
8.34

 
$
4.53

Discontinued operations
$
(0.02
)
 
$
0.34

 
$
11.92

 
$
0.65

Net income per common share - diluted
$
7.55

 
$
4.81

 
$
20.26

 
$
5.18

15. SEGMENT INFORMATION
We manage our operations through five operating segments:
•
Racing, which includes Churchill Downs Racetrack ("Churchill Downs"), Arlington International Race Course ("Arlington"), Fair Grounds Race Course ("Fair Grounds") and Calder Race Course ("Calder");
•
TwinSpires, which includes TwinSpires.com, Fair Grounds Account Wagering, Velocity, BetAmerica and Bloodstock Research Information Services;
•
Casino, which includes Oxford Casino ("Oxford"), Riverwalk Casino ("Riverwalk"), Harlow's Casino ("Harlow’s"), Calder Casino, Fair Grounds Slots, Video Services, LLC ("VSI"), 50% equity investment in MVG, 50% equity investment

17

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


in Ocean Downs and 25% equity investment in SCH, which includes investments in Saratoga Casino Hotel, Saratoga Casino Black Hawk and Ocean Downs;
•
Other Investments, which includes United Tote and other minor investments; and
•
Corporate, which includes miscellaneous and other revenue, compensation expense, professional fees and other general and administrative expense not allocated to our other operating segments.
Big Fish Games is a global producer and distributor of social casino, casual and mid-core free-to-play, and premium paid games for PC, Mac and mobile devices. On January 9, 2018, we closed the Big Fish Transaction, at which time Big Fish Games ceased to be an operating segment. Due to the Big Fish Transaction, the Company has presented Big Fish Games as held for sale and discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and these notes. The Company has not allocated corporate and other certain expenses to Big Fish Games consistent with the discontinued operations presentation in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Accordingly, the prior year amounts were reclassified to conform to this presentation.
Eliminations include the elimination of intersegment transactions. We utilize non-GAAP measures, including EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) and adjusted EBITDA. Our chief operating decision maker utilizes adjusted EBITDA to evaluate segment performance, develop strategy and allocate resources. Adjusted EBITDA includes the following adjustments:
Adjusted EBITDA includes our portion of the EBITDA from our equity investments.
Adjusted EBITDA excludes:
•
Transaction expense, net which includes:
•
Acquisition and disposition related charges, including fair value adjustments related to earnouts and deferred payments; and
•
Other transaction expense, including legal, accounting, and other deal-related expense;
•
Stock-based compensation expense;
•
Asset impairments;
•
Gain on Calder land sale;
•
Calder exit costs;
•
Loss on extinguishment of debt;
•
Pre-opening expense; and
•
Other charges, recoveries and expenses
We utilize the adjusted EBITDA metric because we believe the inclusion or exclusion of certain non-recurring items is necessary to provide a more accurate measure of our core operating results and enables management and investors to evaluate and compare from period to period our operating performance in a meaningful and consistent manner. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to operating income as an indicator of performance, as an alternative to cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity, or as an alternative to any other measure provided in accordance with GAAP. Our calculation of adjusted EBITDA may be different from the calculation used by other companies and, therefore, comparability may be limited. For segment reporting, adjusted EBITDA includes intercompany revenue and expense totals that are eliminated in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
The tables below present net revenue from external customers and intercompany revenue from each of our operating segments, adjusted EBITDA by segment and reconciles comprehensive income to adjusted EBITDA:

18

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Net revenue from external customers:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Racing:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Churchill Downs
$
154.9

 
$
136.7

 
$
156.9

 
$
139.0

Arlington
17.7

 
18.0

 
26.0

 
26.5

Fair Grounds
9.2

 
10.0

 
22.0

 
22.5

Calder
0.7

 
0.6

 
1.3

 
1.2

Total Racing
182.5

 
165.3

 
206.2

 
189.2

TwinSpires
93.7

 
80.5

 
156.9

 
132.5

Casino:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oxford Casino
26.2

 
23.1

 
50.4

 
44.0

Riverwalk Casino
13.6

 
12.0

 
28.0

 
23.5

Harlow’s Casino
12.5

 
12.5

 
25.8

 
26.0

Calder Casino
25.3

 
21.8

 
49.6

 
43.2

Fair Grounds Slots
9.2

 
8.8

 
19.8

 
19.0

VSI
11.1

 
9.8

 
22.1

 
19.5

Saratoga
0.3

 
0.3

 
0.6

 
0.6

Total Casino
98.2

 
88.3

 
196.3

 
175.8

Other Investments
5.0

 
5.2

 
9.3

 
9.3

Net revenue from external customers
$
379.4

 
$
339.3

 
$
568.7

 
$
506.8

 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Intercompany net revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Racing:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Churchill Downs
$
9.4

 
$
8.4

 
$
9.7

 
$
8.7

Arlington
2.1

 
1.9

 
3.3

 
2.9

Fair Grounds
0.1

 
0.1

 
1.1

 
1.0

Total Racing
11.6

 
10.4

 
14.1

 
12.6

TwinSpires
0.4

 
0.3

 
0.8

 
0.6

Other Investments
1.5

 
1.3

 
2.7

 
2.7

Eliminations
(13.5
)
 
(12.0
)
 
(17.6
)
 
(15.9
)
Intercompany net revenue
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—


19

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


Adjusted EBITDA by segment is comprised of the following:
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
(in millions)
Racing
 
TwinSpires
 
Casino
 
Other Investments
 
Corporate
Net revenue
$
194.1

 
$
94.1

 
$
98.2

 
$
6.5

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxes & purses
(34.4
)
 
(4.6
)
 
(33.4
)
 
—

 
—

Marketing & advertising
(3.6
)
 
(3.1
)
 
(3.5
)
 
(0.1
)
 
—

Salaries & benefits
(15.3
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(13.6
)
 
(3.6
)
 
—

Content expense
(4.7
)
 
(49.8
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

SG&A expense
(4.6
)
 
(2.9
)
 
(5.6
)
 
(0.7
)
 
(2.6
)
Other operating expense
(22.8
)
 
(8.2
)
 
(11.1
)
 
(1.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Other income
0.4

 
—

 
12.9

 
0.1

 
—

Adjusted EBITDA
$
109.1

 
$
23.1

 
$
43.9

 
$
1.1

 
$
(2.7
)

 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
(in millions)
Racing
 
TwinSpires
 
Casino
 
Other Investments
 
Corporate (a)
Net revenue
$
175.7

 
$
80.8

 
$
88.3

 
$
6.5

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxes & purses
(32.9
)
 
(4.1
)
 
(29.7
)
 
—

 
—

Marketing & advertising
(2.2
)
 
(4.6
)
 
(3.0
)
 
—

 
—

Salaries & benefits
(13.5
)
 
(2.6
)
 
(13.4
)
 
(3.3
)
 
—

Content expense
(4.7
)
 
(40.2
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

SG&A expense
(4.2
)
 
(3.0
)
 
(5.6
)
 
(0.7
)
 
(2.5
)
Other operating expense
(20.0
)
 
(7.0
)
 
(9.8
)
 
(1.2
)
 
(0.3
)
Other income
0.5

 
—

 
10.7

 
—

 
—

Adjusted EBITDA
$
98.7

 
$
19.3


$
37.5

 
$
1.3


$
(2.8
)
(a) The Corporate segment includes corporate and other certain expenses of $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017 that have not been allocated to Big Fish Games as a result of the Big Fish Transaction. The Big Fish Games segment is reported as held for sale and discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and these notes.


20

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
(in millions)
Racing
 
TwinSpires
 
Casinos
 
Other Investments
 
Corporate
Net revenue
$
220.3

 
$
157.7

 
$
196.3

 
$
12.0

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxes & purses
(44.7
)
 
(8.0
)
 
(65.8
)
 
—

 
—

Marketing & advertising
(4.4
)
 
(3.9
)
 
(6.7
)
 
(0.1
)
 
—

Salaries & benefits
(23.9
)
 
(4.5
)
 
(27.1
)
 
(6.8
)
 
—

Content expense
(7.8
)
 
(82.0
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

SG&A expense
(8.6
)
 
(5.7
)
 
(11.0
)
 
(1.4
)
 
(5.0
)
Other operating expense
(31.6
)
 
(14.0
)
 
(21.2
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(0.3
)
Other income
0.4

 
—

 
23.7

 
0.1

 
0.1

Adjusted EBITDA
$
99.7

 
$
39.6

 
$
88.2

 
$
1.4

 
$
(5.2
)

 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
(in millions)
Racing
 
TwinSpires
 
Casinos
 
Other Investments
 
Corporate (a)
Net revenue
$
201.8

 
$
133.1

 
$
175.8

 
$
12.0

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxes & purses
(43.1
)
 
(7.1
)
 
(58.8
)
 
—

 
—

Marketing & advertising
(2.9
)
 
(5.6
)
 
(6.0
)
 
—

 
—

Salaries & benefits
(22.1
)
 
(4.8
)
 
(26.5
)
 
(6.2
)
 
—

Content expense
(7.9
)
 
(65.6
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

SG&A expense
(8.0
)
 
(5.7
)
 
(10.8
)
 
(1.5
)
 
(5.4
)
Other operating expense
(29.3
)
 
(11.8
)
 
(21.2
)
 
(2.5
)
 
(0.5
)
Other income
0.5

 
—

 
20.3

 
0.1

 
—

Adjusted EBITDA
$
89.0

 
$
32.5

 
$
72.8

 
$
1.9

 
$
(5.9
)
(a) The Corporate segment includes corporate and other certain expenses of $1.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 that have not been allocated to Big Fish Games as a result of the Big Fish Transaction. The Big Fish Games segment is reported as held for sale and discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and these notes.

21

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Reconciliation of Comprehensive Income to Adjusted EBITDA:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive income
$
102.9

 
$
78.0

 
$
284.9

 
$
85.2

Foreign currency translation, net of tax
—

 
0.3

 
—

 
0.4

Change in pension benefits, net of tax
0.2

 
—

 
0.2

 
—

Net income
103.1

 
78.3

 
285.1

 
85.6

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
0.1

 
(5.6
)
 
(167.8
)
 
(10.7
)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax
103.2


72.7


117.3


74.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
15.3

 
14.4

 
29.1

 
28.6

Interest expense
9.7

 
11.6

 
19.3

 
23.4

Income tax provision
32.8

 
47.0

 
35.4

 
47.6

EBITDA
161.0

 
145.7

 
201.1

 
174.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjustments to EBITDA:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock-based compensation expense
6.4

 
4.4

 
9.2

 
7.8

Other charges
—

 
(0.2
)
 
—

 
—

Pre-opening expense
0.7

 
0.3

 
1.3

 
0.3

Other income, expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest, depreciation and amortization expense related to equity investments
4.3

 
3.1

 
8.6

 
6.6

Transaction expense, net
2.1

 
0.5

 
3.5

 
0.5

Calder exit costs
—

 
0.2

 
—

 
0.6

Total adjustments to EBITDA
13.5

 
8.3

 
22.6

 
15.8

Adjusted EBITDA
$
174.5

 
$
154.0

 
$
223.7

 
$
190.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA by segment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Racing
$
109.1

 
$
98.7

 
$
99.7

 
$
89.0

TwinSpires
23.1

 
19.3

 
39.6

 
32.5

Casino
43.9

 
37.5

 
88.2

 
72.8

Other Investments
1.1

 
1.3

 
1.4

 
1.9

Corporate(a) 
(2.7
)
 
(2.8
)
 
(5.2
)
 
(5.9
)
Adjusted EBITDA
$
174.5

 
$
154.0

 
$
223.7

 
$
190.3

(a) The Corporate segment includes corporate and other certain expenses of $0.7 million for the three months and $1.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 that have not been allocated to Big Fish Games as a result of the Big Fish Transaction. The Big Fish Games segment is reported as held for sale and discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and these notes.
The table below presents information about equity in income of unconsolidated investments included in our reported segments:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Casino
$
8.8

 
$
7.7

 
$
15.3

 
$
13.8


22

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


The table below presents total asset information for each of our operating segments:
(in millions)
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Total assets:
 
 
 
Racing
$
496.4

 
$
483.0

TwinSpires
222.0

 
215.9

Casino
671.9

 
679.6

Other Investments
53.5

 
15.2

Corporate
252.8

 
73.2

Big Fish Games
—

 
892.5

 
$
1,696.6

 
$
2,359.4

The table below presents total capital expenditures for each of our operating segments:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
Capital expenditures:
 
 
 
Racing
$
43.0

 
$
38.4

TwinSpires
4.7

 
5.2

Casino
5.9

 
15.6

Other Investments
17.6

 
0.7

Corporate
1.0

 
0.6

Big Fish Games
—

 
3.5

 
$
72.2

 
$
64.0

16. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
Refer to Note 6, Acquisitions, for the subsequent event related to the Presque Isle Transaction, the Lady Luck Vicksburg Transaction and the Lady Luck Nemacolin Transaction.
On July 16, 2018, the Company announced its entry into a tax-efficient partial liquidation agreement (the "Liquidation Agreement") to acquire the remaining 50% ownership of Ocean Downs owned by SCH in exchange for the Company's 25% equity interest in SCH, which is the parent company of Saratoga New York and Saratoga Colorado. Since the Company indirectly owned 12.5% of Ocean Downs through its 25% ownership interest in SCH, the Company is effectively acquiring the remaining 37.5% of Ocean Downs. Upon the closing of this transaction, which is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of specified closing conditions, including the approval of all applicable gaming authorities, the Company will own 100% of Ocean Downs and will have no equity interest or management involvement in Saratoga New York or Saratoga Colorado. The transaction is expected to close in the second half of 2018.
Saratoga Harness Racing, Inc. ("SHRI") has agreed to grant the Company and its affiliates exclusive rights to operate online real-money sports betting and real-money iGaming on behalf of SHRI in New York and Colorado for a period of fifteen years from the date of the Liquidation Agreement, should such states permit SHRI to engage in sports betting and iGaming, subject to payment of commercially reasonable royalties to SHRI.

23

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Information set forth in this discussion and analysis contains various "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the "Act") provides certain "safe harbor" provisions for forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are made pursuant to the Act. The reader is cautioned that such forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time and/or management’s good faith belief with respect to future events, and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in the statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date the statement was made. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking information to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by the use of terms such as "anticipate", "believe", "could", "estimate", "expect", "intend", "may", "might", "plan", "predict", "project", "seek", "should", "will", and similar words, although some forward-looking statements are expressed differently.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct.  Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations include the following: the effect of economic conditions on our consumers' confidence and discretionary spending or our access to credit; additional or increased taxes and fees; public perceptions or lack of confidence in the integrity of our business; loss of key or highly skilled personnel; restrictions in our debt facilities limiting our flexibility to operate our business; general risks related to real estate ownership, including fluctuations in market values and environmental regulations; catastrophic events and system failures disrupting our operations, including the impact of natural and other disasters on our operations and our ability to obtain insurance recoveries in respect of such losses; inability to identify and complete acquisition, expansion or divestiture projects on time, on budget or as planned; difficulty in integrating recent or future acquisitions into our operations; legalization of online real money gaming in the United States, and our ability to capitalize on and predict such legalization; the number of people attending and wagering on live horse races; inability to respond to rapid technological changes in a timely manner; inadvertent infringement of the intellectual property of others; inability to protect our own intellectual property rights; security breaches and other security risks related to our technology, personal information, source code and other proprietary information, including failure to comply with regulations and other legal obligations relating to receiving, processing, storing and using personal information; payment-related risks, such as chargebacks for fraudulent credit card use; compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or applicable money-laundering regulations; work stoppages and labor issues; difficulty in attracting a sufficient number of horses and trainers for full field horseraces; inability to negotiate agreements with industry constituents, including horsemen and other racetracks; personal injury litigation related to injuries occurring at our racetracks; the inability of our totalisator company, United Tote, to maintain its processes accurately, keep its technology current or maintain its significant customers; weather conditions affecting our ability to conduct live racing; increased competition in the horseracing business; changes in the regulatory environment of our racing operations; seasonal fluctuations in our horseracing business due to geographic concentration of our operations; increased competition in our casino business; changes in regulatory environment of our casino business; the cost and possibility for delay, cost overruns and other uncertainties associated with the development and expansion of casinos; concentration and evolution of slot machine manufacturing and other technology conditions that could impose additional costs; impact of further legislation prohibiting tobacco smoking; geographic concentration of our casino business; changes in regulatory environment for our advanced deposit wagering business; increase in competition in the advanced deposit wagering business; inability to retain current customers or attract new customers to our advanced deposit wagering business; uncertainty and changes in the legal landscape relating to our advanced deposit wagering business; and failure to comply with laws requiring us to block access to certain individuals could result in penalties or impairment in our ability to offer advanced deposit wagering.
The following information is unaudited. Tabular dollars are in millions, except per share amounts. All per share amounts assume dilution unless otherwise noted. This report should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, including Part I – Item 1A, "Risk Factors" of our Form 10-K for a discussion regarding some of the reasons that actual results may be materially different from those we anticipate.

24

Our Business
Executive Overview
We are an industry-leading racing, gaming and online entertainment company anchored by our iconic flagship event - The Kentucky Derby. We are the largest legal online account wagering platform for horseracing in the U.S., through our ownership of TwinSpires.com and have announced our plans to enter the U.S. real money online gaming and sports betting markets.  We are also a leader in brick-and-mortar casino gaming with approximately 10,000 gaming positions in eight states. We were organized as a Kentucky corporation in 1928, and our principal executive offices are located in Louisville, Kentucky.
On January 9, 2018, the Company completed the Big Fish Transaction. As described in further detail in Item 1. Financial Statements, the Company has presented Big Fish Games as held for sale and discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.
Our management monitors a variety of key indicators to evaluate our business results and financial condition. These indicators include changes in net revenue, operating expense, operating income, earnings per share, outstanding debt balance, operating cash flow and capital spend.
Our condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). We also use non-GAAP measures, including EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) and adjusted EBITDA. We believe that the use of adjusted EBITDA as a key performance measure of results of operations enables management and investors to evaluate and compare from period to period our operating performance in a meaningful and consistent manner. Our chief operating decision maker utilizes adjusted EBITDA to evaluate segment performance, develop strategy and allocate resources. Adjusted EBITDA is a supplemental measure of our performance that is not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income (as determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of our operating results.
The Company has not allocated corporate and other certain expenses to Big Fish Games consistent with the discontinued operations presentation in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Accordingly, the prior year amounts were reclassified to conform to this presentation.
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, adjusted for the following:
Adjusted EBITDA includes our portion of the EBITDA from our equity investments.
Adjusted EBITDA excludes:
•
Transaction expense, net which includes:
•
Acquisition and disposition related charges, including fair value adjustments related to earnouts and deferred payments; and
•
Other transaction expense, including legal, accounting and other deal-related expense;
•
Stock-based compensation expense;
•
Asset impairments;
•
Gain on Calder land sale;
•
Calder exit costs;
•
Loss on extinguishment of debt;
•
Pre-opening expense; and
•
Other charges, recoveries and expenses
For segment reporting, adjusted EBITDA includes intercompany revenue and expense totals that are eliminated in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Refer to the reconciliation of comprehensive income to adjusted EBITDA included in this section for additional information.
Our Operations
We manage our operations through five operating segments: Racing, TwinSpires, Casino, Other Investments and Corporate. Big Fish Games is a global producer and distributor of social casino, casual and mid-core free-to-play, and premium paid games for PC, Mac and mobile devices. On January 9, 2018, we closed the Big Fish Transaction, at which time Big Fish Games ceased to be an operating segment.
Racing Segment
Our Racing segment includes our four racetracks: Churchill Downs Racetrack ("Churchill Downs"), Arlington International Race Course ("Arlington"), Fair Grounds Race Course ("Fair Grounds") and Calder Race Course ("Calder"). We conduct live horseracing at Churchill Downs, Arlington and Fair Grounds. On July 1, 2014, we entered into a racing services agreement with The Stronach Group to allow Gulfstream Park to manage and operate Calder through December 31, 2020. We conducted 64 live thoroughbred

25

race days in the second quarter of 2018 and 2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, we conducted 118 live thoroughbred race days, compared to 119 live thoroughbred race days during the six months ended June 30, 2017.
TwinSpires Segment
Our TwinSpires segment includes TwinSpires.com, Fair Grounds Account Wagering ("FAW"), Velocity, and Bloodstock Research Information Services. On April 24, 2017, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of BAM Software and Services, LLC ("BetAmerica"), which is also included in our TwinSpires segment.
In May 2018, the Company announced its entry into real money online gaming ("iGaming") and sports betting markets. The Company also announced a strategic partnership agreement with SBTech to utilize their integrated technology platform for the Company's iGaming and sports betting operations.
In May 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with Golden Nugget to enter the New Jersey iGaming and sports betting markets.
Casino Segment
We are a provider of brick-and-mortar real-money casino gaming with approximately 10,000 gaming positions located in eight states. We own five casinos: Oxford Casino ("Oxford"), Riverwalk Casino ("Riverwalk"), Harlow's Casino ("Harlow’s"), Calder Casino, and Fair Grounds Slots, in addition to three hotels (Oxford, Riverwalk and Harlow’s). We also own Video Services, LLC ("VSI") associated with our Fair Grounds property. In addition, we have a 50% equity investment in Miami Valley Gaming ("MVG"), a 25% equity investment in Saratoga Casino Holdings LLC ("SCH") and an effective 62.5% equity investment in Ocean Downs. Our Casino revenue is primarily generated from slot machines, video poker and table games while ancillary revenue includes hotel and food and beverage sales.
Other Investments Segment
Our Other Investments Segment includes United Tote and our other minor investments.
In June 2017, we announced Churchill Downs is investing approximately $65.0 million to construct an 85,000 square-foot, state-of-the-art historical racing machine facility, Derby City Gaming, in Louisville, Kentucky. Derby City Gaming is expected to open in September 2018.
In September 2017, we announced a partnership with Keeneland Association, Inc. to propose the construction of two new racing facilities to be located in Corbin, Kentucky and Oak Grove, Kentucky. The proposed facilities will feature live horse racing and historical racing machines.
Corporate Segment
Our Corporate segment includes miscellaneous and other revenue, compensation expense, professional fees and other general and administrative expense not allocated to our other operating segments.
Government Regulations and Potential Legislative Changes
We are subject to various federal, state and international laws and regulations that affect our businesses. The ownership, operation and management of our racing operations, our casino operations, and TwinSpires are subject to regulation under the laws and regulations of each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. The ownership, operation and management of our segments are also subject to legislative actions at both the federal and state level. The following update on our regulatory and legislative activities should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, including Part I - Item 1, "Business," for a discussion of regulatory and legislative issues.
Racing Regulations
Illinois
In July 2018, legislation was signed into law that extends the authorization of advance deposit wagering though December 31, 2022.
TwinSpires Regulations
Federal
In May 2018, the United States Supreme Court struck down the 1992 Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act, which had effectively banned sports wagering in most states. Removal of the ban gives states the authority to authorize sports wagering. Should states