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PROSPECTUS
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42,400,000 Common Shares
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Tortoise MLP Fund, Inc.
$25.00 per Share
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Investment Objective. Tortoise MLP Fund, Inc. (the
Company, we, us or
our) is a newly organized, non-diversified
closed-end management investment company. Our investment
objective is to provide our stockholders a high level of total
return with an emphasis on current distributions paid to
stockholders. We seek to provide our stockholders with an
efficient vehicle to invest in a portfolio consisting primarily
of energy infrastructure master limited partnerships
(MLPs) and their affiliates, with an emphasis on
natural gas infrastructure MLPs. Similar to the tax
characterization of distributions made by MLPs to their
unitholders, a portion of our distributions are expected to be
treated as a return of capital to stockholders. We cannot assure
you that we will achieve our investment objective. Unlike most
investment companies, we have not elected to be treated as a
regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code.
Investment Policies. Under normal circumstances, we
will invest at least 80% of our total assets in equity
securities of MLPs in the energy infrastructure sector, with at
least 70% of our total assets in equity securities of natural
gas infrastructure MLPs. For purposes of these policies, we
consider investments in MLPs to include investments in
affiliates of MLPs. Energy infrastructure MLPs own and operate a
network of pipeline and energy-related logistical assets that
transport, store, gather and process natural gas, natural gas
liquids (NGLs), crude oil, refined petroleum
products, and other resources or distribute, market, explore,
develop or produce such commodities. Natural gas infrastructure
MLPs are defined as companies engaged in such activities with
over 50% of their revenue, cash flow or assets related to
natural gas or NGL infrastructure assets. We intend to focus
primarily on midstream energy infrastructure MLPs
that engage in the business of transporting, gathering and
processing and storing natural gas and NGL infrastructure
assets. We may invest up to 50% of our total assets in
restricted securities, primarily through direct investments in
securities of listed companies. We will not invest in privately
held companies.
No Prior History. Prior to this offering, there
has been no public or private market for our common shares.
Our common shares are expected to be listed on the New York
Stock Exchange under the trading or ticker symbol
NTG.
Investing in our securities involves certain risks. You could
lose some or all of your investment. See Risk
Factors beginning on page 25 of this prospectus. You
should consider carefully these risks together with all of the
other information contained in this prospectus before making a
decision to purchase our securities.
Shares of closed-end management investment companies
frequently trade at prices lower than their net asset value or
initial offering price. Market discount risk applies to all
investors, but it may be greater for initial investors expecting
to sell shares shortly after the completion of the offering.
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Per Share
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Total(1)
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Public offering price
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$
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25.000
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$
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1,060,000,000
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Sales
load(2)
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$
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1.125
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$
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47,700,000
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Proceeds, before expenses, to the
Company(3)
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$
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23.875
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$
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1,012,300,000
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(notes on following
page)
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
The underwriters expect to deliver the common shares to
purchasers on or about July 30, 2010.
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Stifel
Nicolaus Weisel |
Barclays Capital |
Oppenheimer & Co. |
RBC Capital Markets |
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BB&T
Capital Markets |
Comerica Securities |
Davenport & Company LLC |
Dominick & Dominick LLC |
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J.J.B.
Hilliard, W.L. Lyons, LLC |
Janney Montgomery Scott |
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. |
Maxim Group LLC |
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Morgan
Keegan & Company, Inc. |
Southwest Securities, Inc. |
Wedbush Securities Inc. |
Wunderlich Securities |
The date of this prospectus is July 27, 2010.
Tortoise MLP Fund, Inc. SM We seek to provide our stockholders with an efficient vehicle to
invest in a portfolio consisting primarily of energy infrastructure master limited partnerships
(MLPs) and their affiliates, with an emphasis on natural gas infrastructure MLPs. |
(notes from previous
page)
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(1)
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The underwriters named in this prospectus have the option to
purchase up to 6,153,000 additional common shares at the public
offering price, less the sales load, within 45 days from
the date of this prospectus to cover over-allotments. If the
over-allotment option is exercised in full, the public offering
price, sales load and proceeds, before expenses, to us will be
$1,213,825,000, $54,622,125, and $1,159,202,875, respectively.
See Underwriters.
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(2)
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Tortoise Capital Advisors, L.L.C., the adviser to the Company,
has agreed to pay from its own assets an upfront marketing and
structuring fee to each of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, UBS Securities LLC,
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and Stifel, Nicolaus & Company,
Incorporated. These fees are not reflected under sales load in
the table above. See UnderwritersAdditional
Compensation to be Paid by the Adviser.
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(3)
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In addition to the sales load, we will pay offering costs of up
to $0.05 per share, estimated to total approximately $2,120,000,
which will reduce the Proceeds, before expenses, to the
Company. Tortoise Capital Advisors, L.L.C. has agreed to
pay all organizational expenses and the amount by which the
aggregate of all of our offering costs (excluding the sales
load, but including a portion of the amount payable to the
broker/dealer who is not one of the Underwriters but who
provided marketing support) exceeds $0.05 per share.
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(continued from cover
page)
Leverage. The borrowing of money and issuance
of preferred stock and debt securities represent the leveraging
of our common stock. The term total assets includes
assets obtained through leverage for each of our investment
policies. Our Board of Directors has approved a leverage target
of up to 25% of our total assets at the time of incurrence and
has also approved a policy permitting temporary increases in the
amount of leverage we may use from 25% of our total assets to up
to 30% of our total assets at the time of incurrence, provided
that (i) such leverage is consistent with the limits set
forth in the 1940 Act, and (ii) we expect to reduce such
increased leverage over time in an orderly fashion. See
Risk FactorsLeverage Risk.
Investment Adviser. We will be managed by
Tortoise Capital Advisors, L.L.C. (the Adviser), a
registered investment adviser specializing in managing
portfolios of investments in MLPs and other energy companies. As
of June 30, 2010, our Adviser managed investments of
approximately $3.6 billion in the energy sector, including
the assets of five publicly traded closed-end management
investment companies. Our Adviser has a
20-person
investment team dedicated to the energy sector, and its five
managing directors comprise its investment committee.
This prospectus sets forth concisely the information that you
should know before investing. You should read this prospectus
before deciding whether to invest in our securities. You should
retain this prospectus for future reference. A statement of
additional information, dated July 27, 2010, as
supplemented from time to time, containing additional
information, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC) and is incorporated by reference in
its entirety into this prospectus. You may request a free copy
of the statement of additional information, the table of
contents of which is on page 55 of this prospectus, request
a free copy of our annual, semi-annual and quarterly reports,
request other information or make stockholder inquiries, by
calling toll-free at 1-866-362-9331 or by writing to us at 11550
Ash Street, Suite 300, Leawood, Kansas 66211. Our annual,
semi-annual and quarterly reports and the statement of
additional information also will be available on our investment
advisers website at www.tortoiseadvisors.com.
Information included on such website does not form part of this
prospectus. You can review and copy documents we have filed at
the SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C.
Call 1-202-551-5850 for information. The SEC charges a fee for
copies. You can get the same information free from the
SECs website
(http://www.sec.gov).
You may also
e-mail
requests for these documents to publicinfo@sec.gov or make a
request in writing to the SECs Public Reference Section,
100 F. Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549.
Our securities do not represent a deposit or obligation of, and
are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured
depository institution and are not federally insured by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board
or any other government agency.
CAUTIONARY
NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus and the statement of additional information
contain forward-looking statements. Forward-looking
statements can be identified by the words may,
will, intend, expect,
estimate, continue, plan,
anticipate, could, should
and similar terms and the negative of such terms. By their
nature, all forward-looking statements involve risks and
uncertainties, and actual results could differ materially from
those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Several
factors that could materially affect our actual results are the
performance of the portfolio of securities we hold, the time
necessary to fully invest the proceeds of this offering the
conditions in the U.S. and international financial, natural
gas, petroleum and other markets, the price at which our shares
will trade in the public markets and other factors.
Although we believe that the expectations expressed in our
forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could
differ materially from those projected or assumed in our
forward-looking statements. Our future financial condition and
results of operations, as well as any forward-looking
statements, are subject to change and are subject to inherent
risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed in the
Risk Factors section of this prospectus. All
forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by
reference in this prospectus are made as of the date of this
prospectus. Except for our ongoing obligations under the federal
securities laws, we do not intend, and we undertake no
obligation, to update any forward-looking statement. The
forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus are
excluded from the safe harbor protection provided by
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
1933 Act).
Currently known risk factors that could cause actual results to
differ materially from our expectations include, but are not
limited to, the factors described in the Risk
Factors section of this prospectus. We urge you to review
carefully that section for a more detailed discussion of the
risks of an investment in our securities.
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TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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You should rely only on the information contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus in making your
investment decisions. We have not authorized any other person to
provide you with different or inconsistent information. If
anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information,
you should not rely on it. This prospectus does not constitute
an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy any
securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not
permitted. The information appearing in this prospectus is
accurate only as of the date on its cover. Our business,
financial condition and prospects may have changed since such
date. We will advise investors of any material changes to the
extent required by applicable law.
ii
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
The following summary contains basic information about us and
our securities. It is not complete and may not contain all of
the information you may want to consider. You should review the
more detailed information contained elsewhere in this prospectus
and in the statement of additional information, especially the
information set forth under the heading Risk Factors
beginning on page 25 of this prospectus.
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The Company |
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We are a newly organized Maryland corporation registered as a
non-diversified, closed-end management investment company under
the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act).
Our investment objective is to provide our stockholders a high
level of total return with an emphasis on current distributions
paid to stockholders. For purposes of our investment objective,
total return includes capital appreciation on our common stock,
and all distributions received from us, regardless of the tax
character of the distributions. Similar to the tax
characterization of distributions made by MLPs to their
unitholders, a portion of our distributions are expected to be
treated as a return of capital to stockholders. We cannot assure
you that we will achieve our investment objective. |
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Our Adviser |
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We will be managed by Tortoise Capital Advisors, L.L.C. (the
Adviser), a registered investment adviser
specializing in managing portfolios of investments in MLPs and
other energy companies. As of June 30, 2010, our Adviser
managed investments of approximately $3.6 billion in the
energy sector, including the assets of five publicly traded
closed-end management investment companies. Our Adviser has a
20-person
investment team dedicated to the energy sector, and its five
managing directors comprise its investment committee. |
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Investment Strategy |
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We seek to provide our stockholders with an efficient vehicle to
invest in a portfolio consisting primarily of energy
infrastructure MLPs and their affiliates, with an emphasis on
natural gas infrastructure MLPs. MLP affiliates are issuers of
MLP I-Shares
and general partners of MLPs. |
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Under normal circumstances, we will invest at least 80% of our
total assets in equity securities of MLPs in the energy
infrastructure sector, with at least 70% of our total assets in
equity securities of natural gas infrastructure MLPs. For
purposes of these policies, we consider investments in MLPs to
include investments in affiliates of MLPs. Energy infrastructure
MLPs own and operate a network of pipeline and energy-related
logistical assets that transport, store, gather and process
natural gas, NGLs, crude oil, refined petroleum products, and
other resources or distribute, market, explore, develop or
produce such commodities. Natural gas infrastructure MLPs are
defined as companies engaged in such activities with over 50% of
their revenue, cash flow or assets related to natural gas or NGL
infrastructure assets. We intend to focus primarily on
midstream energy infrastructure MLPs that engage in
the business of transporting, gathering and processing and
storing natural gas and NGL infrastructure assets. |
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Listing and Symbol |
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Our common shares are expected to be listed on the New York
Stock Exchange under the trading or ticker symbol
NTG. |
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Use of Proceeds |
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We expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of our common
shares to invest in accordance with our investment objective and
policies and for working capital purposes. We expect to fully
invest the net proceeds of this offering within three to six
months after the closing. It may take us up to six months to
invest the proceeds of this offering for several reasons,
including the lack of availability of suitable investments,
difficulty in securing firm commitments for direct investments
and the trading market and volumes of securities of MLPs and
their affiliates. Pending such investment, we expect that the
net proceeds of this offering will be invested in mutual funds,
cash, cash equivalents, securities issued or guaranteed by the
U.S. government or its instrumentalities or agencies, short-term
money market instruments, short-term debt securities,
certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other
bank obligations, commercial paper or other liquid debt
securities. See Use of Proceeds. |
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Direct Investment Strategy |
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We intend to seek direct investment opportunities (direct
placements or follow-on offerings) that could take place soon
after the closing of this offering. MLPs typically issue new
equity in such transactions at some discount to prevailing
market price. If we are successful in our efforts to purchase
direct investments at a discount, we may benefit from an
immediate accretion of the discount and as a result may enhance
our NAV. Our Adviser has invested more than $1.5 billion in
over 110 direct placements, follow-on offerings and private
companies. However, we cannot assure you that it will be
successful in this strategy. |
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Market Opportunity |
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We believe there is growth potential in the energy
infrastructure MLP sector that provides attractive investment
opportunities as a result of the following factors: |
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Natural Gas Infrastructure Emphasis. The United
States has an abundant supply of natural gas with enough natural
gas to last for approximately 80 to 120 years, according to
various industry sources. Natural gas provides a means of energy
independence, as nearly 90% of the natural gas consumed in the
United States is produced domestically. Demand for natural gas
continues to increase as environmentally sensitive power
generation companies switch to
low-cost
cleaner burning fuels. Natural gas is viewed as a reliable
back-up
energy source to alternative energy (e.g., wind and solar) as it
is not dependant on weather patterns. Natural gas is the
cleanest fossil fuel, with 50% and 30% fewer carbon dioxide
emissions than coal and oil, respectively, as well as lower
emissions from sulfur dioxide and other pollutants. |
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Significant Capital Requirements. Energy
infrastructure MLP asset footprints expand with growth in energy
demand and changes in geographic areas where energy is produced.
ICF International estimates that approximately $100 to
$175 billion will be spent on U.S. natural gas
infrastructure from 2009 to 2030 related to the continued
natural gas infrastructure build-out that will be needed to
support the development of natural gas shale basins. These
projects include financing for natural gas pipelines, processing
facilities and storage capacity to develop infrastructure that
efficiently connects new areas of supply to growing areas of
demand. Because MLPs pay out the majority of their cash flow as
distributions, they require |
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external financing sources with long-term horizons to finance
these internal growth projects. We estimate that
U.S. energy infrastructure MLPs will invest approximately
$18 billion in internal growth projects between 2010 and
2012. |
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Substantial Asset Ownership Realignment. Energy
infrastructure MLPs are estimated to currently own less than 50%
of the natural gas, refined product, and crude oil
infrastructure assets in the U.S., with the remaining assets
largely owned by major energy and utility companies. As such,
there is a significant pool of assets that could be acquired by
MLPs. Energy infrastructure assets owned by major energy and
utility companies are often underutilized by their affiliated
core exploration, production, refining and distribution
businesses. MLP ownership of these assets allows energy and
utility companies to focus on their core businesses and MLPs to
maximize operational output and efficiency at a lower cost of
capital. MLPs have averaged over $15 billion of
acquisitions per year from 2008 through June 30, 2010. We
estimate that the continued migration of energy infrastructure
assets to MLPs could result in approximately $32 billion of
acquisition growth by MLPs between 2010 and 2012. MLP
acquisitions would increase the size of the investable universe
available to us and enhance our growth potential. |
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Experience of the Adviser |
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Our Adviser has significant experience investing in energy
infrastructure MLPs including: |
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Investment Experience Across Energy Value Chain. Our
Adviser has significant expertise in managing energy
infrastructure investments and had approximately
$3.6 billion of assets under management in the energy
sector as of June 30, 2010, including the assets of five
publicly traded closed-end management investment companies. As
such, our Adviser is one of the largest investment managers
dedicated to managing closed-end investment companies focused on
U.S. energy infrastructure MLPs. The five members of our
Advisers investment committee have, on average, over
24 years of investment experience. The Advisers
philosophy places extensive focus on quality through proprietary
models, including risk, valuation and financial models. |
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Deep Relationships and Access to Deal Flow. Our
Adviser has developed deep relationships with issuers,
underwriters and sponsors that we believe will afford us
competitive advantages in evaluating and managing investment
opportunities. Our Adviser led the first MLP direct placement
and has participated in over 110 direct placements, follow-on
offerings and private company investments in which it has
invested over $1.5 billion since 2002 through its listed
funds and other specialty vehicles and accounts. |
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Capital Markets Innovation. Our Adviser is a leader
in providing investment, financing and structuring opportunities
through its listed funds. Our Adviser believes its innovation
includes the following highlights: |
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Formed the first listed, closed-end management
investment company focused primarily on investing in energy
infrastructure MLPs;
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Led the development of institutional MLP direct
placements to fund capital projects, acquisitions and sponsor
liquidity;
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Completed the first follow-on common stock offering
in a decade for a closed-end management investment company; and
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Established one of the first registered closed-end
management investment company universal shelf registration
statements and completed the first registered direct offering
from a universal shelf registration statement for a closed-end
fund.
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Disciplined Investment Philosophy. In making its
investment decisions, our Adviser intends to continue the
disciplined investment approach that it has utilized since its
founding. That investment approach will emphasize current
income, low volatility and minimization of downside risk. Our
Advisers investment process involves an assessment of the
overall attractiveness of the specific segment in which an
energy infrastructure MLP is involved, the companys
specific competitive position within that segment, potential
commodity price risk, supply and demand, regulatory
considerations, the stability and potential growth of the
companys cash flows, and the companys management
track record. |
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Fees |
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Pursuant to our investment advisory agreement, we will pay our
Adviser a fee for its investment management services equal to an
annual rate of 0.95% of our average monthly Managed
Assets (defined as our total assets (including any assets
attributable to any leverage that may be outstanding but
excluding any net deferred tax assets) minus the sum of accrued
liabilities other than (1) net deferred tax liabilities,
(2) debt entered into for purposes of leverage and
(3) the aggregate liquidation preference of any outstanding
preferred stock). The Adviser has agreed to a fee waiver of
0.25% of Managed Assets for the first year following this
offering and 0.10% of Managed Assets for the second year
following this offering. The fee will be calculated and accrued
daily and paid quarterly in arrears. See Management of the
CompanyInvestment AdviserCompensation and
Expenses. |
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Comparison with Directly Owning MLPs |
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We believe that our investors will benefit from a number of
portfolio and tax features that would not be available from
directly owning MLP units, including the following: |
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Access to Direct Placements. We will seek to invest
in direct placements in publicly traded MLPs. Direct placements
offer the potential for increased return, but are typically only
available to a limited number of institutional investors such as
us. |
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Simplified Tax Reporting. Each stockholder will
receive a single Form 1099, rather than a
Form K-1
from each MLP if such stockholder had instead invested directly
in the MLP. In addition, whereas limited partners of an MLP may
be required to make state filings in states in which the MLP
operates, our stockholders will not be required to file state
income tax returns in each state in which MLPs we own operate. |
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Diversified Portfolio. An investment in our common
shares offers diversification among a number of MLPs within the
energy |
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infrastructure sector, with an emphasis on natural gas
infrastructure MLPs, through a single investment vehicle. |
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Active Management by a Leading MLP Adviser. Our
Advisers investment committee has more than 120 years
combined investment experience to select and manage a
diversified portfolio on behalf of stockholders. The ability to
access investment grade credit markets may also lead to greater
stockholder returns. |
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No Unrelated Business Taxable Income. The Internal
Revenue Code generally excludes corporate dividends from
treatment as unrelated business taxable income
(UBTI), unless the stock is debt-financed.
Tax-exempt investors, including pension plans, foundations,
401(k)s and IRAs, will not have UBTI upon receipt of
distributions from us, whereas a tax-exempt limited
partners allocable share of income of an MLP is treated as
UBTI. |
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Retirement Plan Suitability. The tax characteristics
of a direct MLP investment are generally undesirable for
tax-exempt investors such as retirement plans. We are structured
as a c-corporation and accrue federal and state income taxes
based on taxable earnings and profits. Because of this
structure, pioneered by our Adviser, institutions and retirement
accounts are able to join individual stockholders as investors
in MLPs through their investment in us. The tax characteristics
of distributions you may receive from us can vary. See
Certain Federal Income Tax Matters. |
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In addition, the passive activity income and loss rules apply to
a direct investment in MLPs but not to an investment in our
common shares (these rules limit the ability of an investor to
use losses to offset other gains). |
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Unlike MLPs, we will be obligated to pay current and accrue
deferred taxes with respect to our income, thereby subjecting
our income to a double layer of tax upon distribution to our
stockholders. Like other investment companies, our stockholders
will bear our operating costs, including management fees,
custody and administration fees, and the costs of operating as a
public company. |
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Principal Investment Strategies |
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We have adopted the following nonfundamental investment policies: |
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Under normal circumstances, we will invest at least
80% of our total assets in equity securities of MLPs in the
energy infrastructure sector, with at least 70% of our total
assets in equity securities of natural gas infrastructure MLPs.
For purposes of these policies, we consider investments in MLPs
to include investments in affiliates of MLPs.
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We may invest up to 50% of our total assets in
restricted securities, primarily through direct investments in
securities of listed companies. We will not invest in privately
held companies.
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We will not invest more than 10% of our total assets
in any single issuer.
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We will not engage in short sales.
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The term total assets includes assets obtained
through leverage for the purpose of each of our nonfundamental
investment policies, each of which is set forth above. The Board
of Directors may change our nonfundamental investment policies
without stockholder approval and will provide notice to
stockholders of material changes (including notice through
stockholder reports), although a change in the policy of
investing at least 80% of our total assets in equity securities
of energy infrastructure MLPs requires at least
60 days prior written notice to stockholders. Unless
otherwise stated, these investment restrictions apply at the
time of purchase. Furthermore, we will not be required to reduce
a position due solely to market value fluctuations. |
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During the period in which we are investing the net proceeds of
this offering, we may deviate from our investment policies by
investing the net proceeds in mutual funds, cash, cash
equivalents, securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
Government or its instrumentalities or agencies, high quality,
short-term money market instruments, short-term debt securities,
certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other
bank obligations, commercial paper or other liquid fixed income
securities. |
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Federal Income Tax Status of the Company |
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Unlike most investment companies, we have not elected to be
treated as a regulated investment company under the U.S.
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Internal
Revenue Code). Therefore, we are obligated to pay federal
and applicable state corporate taxes on our taxable income. On
the other hand, we are not subject to the Internal Revenue
Codes diversification rules limiting the assets in which
regulated investment companies can invest. Under current federal
income tax law, these rules limit the amount that regulated
investment companies may invest directly in the securities of
certain MLPs to 25% of the value of their total assets. We will
invest a substantial portion of our assets in securities of
MLPs. Although MLPs may generate taxable income to us, we expect
the MLPs to pay cash distributions in excess of the taxable
income reportable by us. Similarly, we expect to distribute
substantially all of our distributable cash flow
(DCF) to our common stockholders. DCF is the amount
we receive as cash or
paid-in-kind
distributions from MLPs or affiliates of MLPs in which we will
invest and interest payments on short-term debt securities we
own, less current or anticipated operating expenses, taxes on
our taxable income, and leverage costs paid by us (including
leverage costs of any preferred stock, debt securities and
borrowings under any credit facility). However, unlike regulated
investment companies, we are not effectively required by the
Internal Revenue Code to distribute substantially all of our
income and capital gains. See Certain Federal Income Tax
Matters. |
|
Taxation of MLPs and MLP Investors |
|
We will invest primarily in the equity securities of MLPs, which
are treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes.
Limited partners, such as us, will be required to pay tax on
their allocable share of each MLPs income, gains, losses
and deductions, including accelerated depreciation and
amortization deductions. Such items generally are allocated
among the general partner and limited partners in accordance
with their percentage interests in the MLP. Partners recognize
and must report their allocable share of |
6
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income regardless of whether any cash distributions are paid
out. MLPs typically are required by their charter documents to
distribute substantially all of their distributable cash flow.
The types of MLPs in which we intend to invest have historically
made cash distributions to limited partners that exceed the
amount of taxable income allocable to limited partners. This may
be due to a variety of factors, including that the MLP may have
significant non-cash deductions, such as accelerated
depreciation. If the cash distributions exceed the taxable
income reported, the MLP investors basis in MLP units will
decrease. This feature will reduce current income tax liability,
but potentially will increase the investors gain upon the
sale of its MLP interest. |
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Stockholder Tax Features |
|
Our stockholders hold common stock of a corporation. Shares of
common stock differ substantially from partnership interests for
federal income tax purposes. Unlike holders of MLP common units,
our stockholders will not recognize an allocable share of our
income, gains, losses and deductions. Stockholders recognize
income only if we pay out distributions. The tax character of
the distributions can vary. If we make distributions from our
current or accumulated earnings and profits, such distributions
will be taxable to stockholders in the current period as
dividend income. Dividend income will be treated as
qualified dividends for federal income tax purposes,
subject to favorable capital gains rates provided that certain
requirements are met. If distributions exceed our current or
accumulated earnings and profits, such excess distributions will
constitute a tax-deferred return of capital to the extent of a
stockholders basis in its common shares. To the extent
excess distributions exceed a stockholders basis, they
will be taxed as capital gain. Based on the historical
performance of MLPs, we expect that a portion of distributions
to holders of our common shares will constitute a tax-deferred
return of capital. There is no assurance that we will make
regular distributions or that our expectation regarding the tax
character of our distributions will be realized. The provisions
of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to qualified dividend
income are effective through December 31, 2010. Thereafter,
higher federal income tax rates will apply unless further
legislative action is taken. |
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Upon the sale of common shares, a stockholder generally will
recognize capital gain or loss measured by the difference
between the sale proceeds received by the stockholder and the
stockholders federal income adjusted tax basis in its
common shares sold, as adjusted to reflect return(s) of capital.
Generally, such capital gain or loss will be long-term capital
gain or loss if common shares were held as a capital asset for
more than one year. See Certain Federal Income Tax
Matters. |
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Distributions |
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We expect to distribute substantially all of our DCF to our
common stockholders through quarterly distributions. Our Board
of Directors has adopted a policy to target distributions to
common stockholders in an amount of at least 95% of our DCF on
an annual basis. It is expected that we will declare a
distribution to holders of our common stock approximately 45 to
60 days following the completion of this offering and pay a
distribution no later |
7
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than November 30, 2010. Subsequently, we will pay
distributions on our common stock each fiscal quarter out of our
DCF, if any. If distributions paid to common stockholders exceed
the current and accumulated earnings and profits allocated to
the particular shares held by a stockholder, the excess of such
distribution will constitute, for federal income tax purposes, a
tax-deferred return of capital to the extent of the
stockholders basis in the shares and capital gain
thereafter. A return of capital reduces the basis of the shares
held by a stockholder, which may increase the amount of gain
recognized upon the sale of such shares. See
Distributions. |
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Dividend Reinvestment Plan |
|
We intend to have a dividend reinvestment plan for our
stockholders that will be effective after completion of this
offering. Our plan will be an opt out dividend
reinvestment plan. As a result, if we declare a distribution
after the plan is effective, a stockholders cash
distribution will be automatically reinvested in additional
common shares, unless the stockholder specifically opts
out of the dividend reinvestment plan so as to receive
cash distributions. Stockholders who receive distributions in
the form of common shares will generally be subject to the same
federal, state and local tax consequences as stockholders who
elect to receive their distributions in cash. See
Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan and
Certain Federal Income Tax Matters. |
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Leverage |
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The borrowing of money and the issuance of preferred stock and
debt securities represent the leveraging of our common stock.
The issuance of additional common stock may enable us to
increase the aggregate amount of our leverage. We reserve the
right at any time to use financial leverage to the extent
permitted by the 1940 Act (50% of total assets for preferred
stock and
331/3%
of total assets for senior debt securities) or we may elect to
reduce the use of leverage or use no leverage at all. Our Board
of Directors has approved a leverage target of up to 25% of our
total assets at the time of incurrence and has also approved a
policy permitting temporary increases in the amount of leverage
we may use from 25% of our total assets to up to 30% of our
total assets at the time of incurrence, provided that
(i) such leverage is consistent with the limits set forth
in the 1940 Act, and (ii) we expect to reduce such
increased leverage over time in an orderly fashion. The timing
and terms of any leverage transactions will be determined by our
Board of Directors. In addition, the percentage of our assets
attributable to leverage may vary significantly during periods
of extreme market volatility and will increase during periods of
declining market prices of our portfolio holdings. |
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The use of leverage creates an opportunity for increased income
and capital appreciation for common stockholders, but at the
same time creates special risks that may adversely affect common
stockholders. Because our Advisers fee is based upon a
percentage of our Managed Assets, our Advisers fee is
higher when we are leveraged. Our Adviser does not charge an
advisory fee based on net deferred tax assets. Therefore, our
Adviser has a financial incentive to use leverage, which will
create a conflict of interest between our Adviser and our common
stockholders, who will bear the costs of our leverage. There can
be no assurance that a |
8
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leveraging strategy will be successful during any period in
which it is used. The use of leverage involves risks, which can
be significant. See Leverage and Risk
FactorsLeverage Risk. |
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We may use interest rate transactions for economic hedging
purposes only, in an attempt to reduce the interest rate risk
arising from our leveraged capital structure. We do not intend
to hedge the interest rate risk of our portfolio holdings.
Interest rate transactions that we may use for hedging purposes
may expose us to certain risks that differ from the risks
associated with our portfolio holdings. See
LeverageHedging Transactions and Risk
FactorsHedging Strategy Risk. |
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Conflicts of Interest |
|
Conflicts of interest may arise from the fact that our Adviser
and its affiliates carry on substantial investment activities
for other clients, in which we have no interest. Our Adviser or
its affiliates may have financial incentives to favor certain of
these accounts over us. Any of their proprietary accounts or
other customer accounts may compete with us for specific trades.
Our Adviser or its affiliates may give advice and recommend
securities to, or buy or sell securities for, other accounts and
customers, which advice or securities recommended may differ
from advice given to, or securities recommended or bought or
sold for us, even though their investment objectives may be the
same as, or similar to, ours. |
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Situations may occur when we could be disadvantaged because of
the investment activities conducted by our Adviser and its
affiliates for their other accounts. Such situations may be
based on, among other things, the following: (1) legal or
internal restrictions on the combined size of positions that may
be taken for us or the other accounts, thereby limiting the size
of our position; (2) the difficulty of liquidating an
investment for us or the other accounts where the market cannot
absorb the sale of the combined position; or (3) limits on
co-investing in direct placement securities under the 1940 Act.
Our investment opportunities may be limited by affiliations of
our Adviser or its affiliates with energy infrastructure
companies. See Investment Objective and Principal
Investment StrategiesConflicts of Interest. |
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Adviser Information |
|
The offices of our Adviser are located at 11550 Ash Street,
Suite 300, Leawood, Kansas 66211. The telephone number for
our Adviser is
(913) 981-1020
and our Advisers website is www.tortoiseadvisors.com.
Information posted to our Advisers website should not be
considered part of this prospectus. |
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Who May Want to Invest |
|
Investors should consider their investment goals, time horizons
and risk tolerance before investing in our common shares. An
investment in our common shares is not appropriate for all
investors, and we are not intended to be a complete investment
program. We are designed as a long-term investment and not as a
trading vehicle. We may be an appropriate investment for
investors who are seeking: |
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an efficient investment vehicle for accessing a
portfolio of energy infrastructure MLPs and their affiliates,
with an emphasis on natural gas infrastructure MLPs;
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the opportunity for tax deferred distributions and
distribution growth;
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simplified tax reporting compared to directly owning
MLP units;
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an investment for retirement and other tax exempt
accounts;
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potential diversification of their overall
investment portfolio; and
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professional securities selection and active
management by an experienced adviser.
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An investment in our common shares involves a high degree of
risk. Investors could lose some or all of their investment. |
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Risks |
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Investing in our common shares involves risk, including the risk
that you may receive little or no return on your investment, or
even that you may lose part or all of your investment.
Therefore, before investing in our common shares you should
consider carefully the risks set forth in Risk
Factors. We are designed primarily as a long-term
investment vehicle, and our common shares are not an appropriate
investment for a short-term trading strategy. An investment in
our common shares should not constitute a complete investment
program for any investor and involves a high degree of risk. Due
to the uncertainty in all investments, there can be no assurance
that we will achieve our investment objective. |
10
SUMMARY
OF COMPANY EXPENSES
The following table and example contain information about the
costs and expenses that common stockholders will bear directly
or indirectly. In accordance with SEC requirements, the table
below shows our expenses, including leverage costs, as a
percentage of our net assets and not as a percentage of gross
assets or Managed Assets. We caution you that the percentages
in the table below indicating annual expenses are estimates and
may vary.
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Stockholder Transaction Expense (as a percentage of offering
price):
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Sales Load
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4.50
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%(1)
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Offering Expenses Borne by the Company
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0.20
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%(2)
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Dividend Reinvestment Plan Expenses
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None
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(3)
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Total Stockholder Transaction Expenses Paid
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4.70
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%
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Annual Expenses (as a percentage of net assets attributable
to common
shares)(4):
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Management Fee (payable under investment advisory agreement)
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1.27
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%(5)
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Leverage Costs
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1.22
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%(6)
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Other Expenses
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0.20
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%(7)
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Current Income Tax Expenses
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0.00
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%
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Deferred Income Tax Expense
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0.00
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%(8)
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Total Annual Expenses
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2.69
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%(9)
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Less Fee and Expense Reimbursement
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(0.33
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)%(10)
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Net Annual Expenses
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2.36
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%(9)
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(1) |
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For a description of the sales load and of other compensation
paid to the underwriters by the Company, see
Underwriters. |
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(2) |
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We will pay offering costs of up to $0.05 per share, estimated
to total approximately $2,120,000. The Adviser has agreed to pay
all organizational expenses and the amount by which the
aggregate of all of our offering costs (excluding the sales
load, but including a portion of the amount payable to the
broker/dealer who is not one of the Underwriters but who
provided marketing support) exceeds $0.05 per share. |
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(3) |
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The expenses associated with the administration of our dividend
reinvestment plan are included in Other Expenses.
The participants in our dividend reinvestment plan will pay a
per share fee with respect to open market purchases, if any,
made by the plan agent under the plan. For more details about
the plan, see Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan. |
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(4) |
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Assumes leverage of approximately $337 million determined
using the assumptions set forth in footnote (6) below. We
have not included a line item for Acquired Fund Fees and
Expenses as such expenses are not anticipated to exceed
one basis point. |
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(5) |
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Although our management fee is 0.95% (annualized) of our average
monthly Managed Assets, the table above reflects expenses as a
percentage of net assets. Managed Assets means our total assets
(including any assets attributable to any leverage that may be
outstanding, but excluding any net deferred tax assets) minus
the sum of accrued liabilities other than (1) net deferred
tax liability, (2) debt entered into for the purpose of
leverage and (3) the aggregate liquidation preference of
any outstanding preferred shares. Net assets is defined as
Managed Assets minus net deferred taxes, debt entered into for
the purposes of leverage and the aggregate liquidation
preference of any outstanding preferred shares. See
Management of the CompanyInvestment Advisory
AgreementManagement Fee. |
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(6) |
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We may borrow money or issue debt securities and/or preferred
stock to provide us with additional funds to invest. The
borrowing of money and the issuance of preferred stock and debt
securities represent the leveraging of our common stock. The
table above assumes we borrow approximately $337 million,
which reflects leverage in an amount representing approximately
25% of our total assets (including such leverage) assuming an
annual interest rate of 3.66% on the amount borrowed and
assuming we issue 42,400,000 common shares. |
11
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(7) |
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Other Expenses includes our estimated overhead
expenses, including payments to our transfer agent, our
administrator and legal and accounting expenses for our first
year of operation assuming we issue 42,400,000 common shares.
The holders of our common shares indirectly bear the cost
associated with such other expenses as well as all other costs
not specifically assumed by our Adviser and incurred in
connection with our operations. |
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(8) |
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As of the date of this prospectus, we have not commenced
investment operations. Because it cannot be predicted whether we
will incur a benefit or liability in the future, a deferred tax
expense of 0.00% has been assumed. |
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(9) |
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The table presented above estimates what our annual expenses
would be, stated as a percentage of our net assets attributable
to our common shares. The table presented below, unlike the
table presented above, estimates what our annual expenses would
be stated as a percentage of our Managed Assets, excluding
current and deferred income tax expense. As a result, our
estimated total annual expenses would be as follows: |
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Management Fee
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0
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.95%
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Leverage Costs
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0
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.92%
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Other Expenses
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0
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.15%
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Total Annual Expenses (excluding current and deferred income tax
expense)
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2
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.02%
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Less Fee and Expense Reimbursement
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(0
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.25)%
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Net Annual Expenses
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1
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.77%
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(10) |
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The Adviser has agreed to a fee waiver of 0.25% of Managed
Assets for the first year following this offering and 0.10% of
Managed Assets for the second year following this offering. |
As of the date of this Prospectus, we have not commenced
investment operations. If we issue fewer common shares, all
other things being equal, certain of these percentages would
increase. For additional information with respect to our
expenses, see Management of the Company and
Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan.
Example
The following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount
of total cumulative expenses that would be incurred over various
periods with respect to a hypothetical investment in our common
shares. These amounts are based upon assumed offering expenses
of 0.20% and our payment of annual operating expenses at the
levels set forth in the table above.
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1 Year
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3 Years
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5 Years
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10 Years
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You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment,
assuming a 5% annual return
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$
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70
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$
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122
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$
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179
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$
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332
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The example and the expenses in the tables above are intended
to assist you in understanding the various costs and expenses an
investor in our common shares may bear and should not be
considered a representation of our future expenses. Actual
expenses may be greater or less than those shown. Moreover,
while the example assumes, as required by the applicable rules
of the SEC, a 5% annual return, our performance will vary and
may result in a return greater or less than 5%. In addition,
while the example assumes reinvestment of all distributions at
net asset value, participants in our dividend reinvestment plan
may receive common shares valued at the market price in effect
at that time. This price may be at, above or below net asset
value. See Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan for
additional information regarding our dividend reinvestment plan.
12
THE
COMPANY
We are a newly organized, non-diversified, closed-end management
investment company registered under the 1940 Act. We were
organized as a Maryland corporation on April 23, 2010
pursuant to articles of incorporation. Our fiscal year ends on
November 30. We expect our common stock to be listed on the
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol
NTG.
USE OF
PROCEEDS
We expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of our common
shares to invest in accordance with our investment objectives
and policies and for working capital purposes. We expect to
fully invest the net proceeds of this offering within three to
six months after the closing. It may take us up to six months to
invest the proceeds of this offering for several reasons,
including the lack of availability of suitable investments,
difficulty in securing firm commitments for direct investments
and the trading market and volumes of the securities of MLPs and
their affiliates. Pending such investment, we expect that the
net proceeds of this offering will be invested in mutual funds,
cash, cash equivalents, securities issued or guaranteed by the
U.S. government or its instrumentalities or agencies,
short-term money market instruments, short-term debt securities,
certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other
bank obligations, commercial paper or other liquid debt
securities. See Risk FactorsDelay in the Use of
Proceeds Risk. The three to six month timeframe associated
with the anticipated use of proceeds could lower returns and
reduce the amount of cash available to make distributions.
13
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE AND PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Investment
Objective
Our investment objective is to provide our stockholders a high
level of total return with an emphasis on current distributions
paid to stockholders. For purposes of our investment objective,
total return includes capital appreciation on our common stock,
and all distributions received from us, regardless of the tax
character of the distributions. We seek to provide our
stockholders with an efficient vehicle to invest in a portfolio
consisting primarily of energy infrastructure MLPs and their
affiliates, with an emphasis on natural gas infrastructure MLPs.
Similar to the tax characterization of cash distributions made
by MLPs to the MLPs unitholders, a portion of our
distributions to stockholders are expected to be treated as
return of capital.
Energy
Infrastructure Sector
We will invest primarily in the energy infrastructure sector,
with a focus on midstream energy infrastructure
MLPs. The energy infrastructure sector can be broadly
categorized as follows:
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Upstream:
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the production of energy resources, including crude oil, natural
gas and coal from proved reserves by companies with mature,
developed and long-lived assets.
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Midstream:
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the transportation, gathering, processing and storing of natural
gas, NGLs, crude oil, refined petroleum products and other
resources in a form that is usable by wholesale power
generation, utility, petrochemical, industrial and gasoline
customers, including pipelines, gas processing plants, liquefied
natural gas storage facilities and others.
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Downstream:
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the refining, marketing and distribution of refined energy
sources, such as customer-ready natural gas, propane and
gasoline, to end-user customers, and the generation,
transmission and distribution of power and electricity.
|
We intend to focus primarily on midstream energy
infrastructure MLPs that engage in the business of transporting,
gathering and processing and storing natural gas and NGL
infrastructure assets.
We will pursue our objective by investing principally in a
portfolio of equity securities issued by MLPs and their
affiliates. We may invest in restricted securities, primarily
through direct investments in securities of listed companies.
MLP common units historically have generated higher average
total returns than domestic common stock (as measured by the
S&P 500) and fixed income securities. Restricted
securities are expected to provide us a higher total return than
securities traded in the open market, although restricted
securities are subject to risks not associated with listed
securities. A more detailed description of investment policies
and restrictions, including those deemed to be fundamental and
thus subject to change only with the approval of the holders of
a majority of our outstanding voting securities, and more
detailed information about portfolio investments are contained
later in this prospectus and in the statement of additional
information.
Energy Infrastructure MLP Sector. Energy
infrastructure MLPs own and operate a network of pipeline and
energy-related logistical assets that transport, store, gather
and process natural gas, NGLs, crude oil, refined petroleum
products and other resources or distribute, market, explore,
develop or produce such commodities. Most pipelines are subject
to government regulation concerning the construction, pricing
and operation of pipelines. Pipelines are able to set rates to
cover operating costs, depreciation and taxes, and provide a
return on investment. Intrastate pipelines are generally subject
to state regulation to ensure rates charged are just and
reasonable. Interstate pipeline rates are monitored by the
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) which
seeks to ensure that consumers receive adequate and reliable
supplies of energy at the lowest possible price while providing
energy suppliers and transporters a just and reasonable return
on capital investment. In the absence of regulated rates,
competitive pricing could reduce revenues and adversely affect
profitability.
14
Master Limited Partnerships. Under normal
circumstances, we will invest at least 80% of our total assets
in equity securities of MLPs in the energy infrastructure
sector, with at least 70% of our total assets in equity
securities of natural gas infrastructure MLPs. For purposes of
these policies, we consider investments in MLPs to include
investments in affiliates of MLPs. MLPs are generally taxed as
partnerships for federal income tax purposes, thereby
eliminating income tax at the entity level. The typical MLP has
two classes of partners, the general partner and the limited
partners. The general partner is usually a major energy company,
investment fund or the direct management of the MLP. The general
partner normally controls the MLP through a 2% equity interest
plus units that are subordinated to the common (publicly traded)
units for at least the first five years of the
partnerships existence and that only convert to common
units if certain financial tests are met.
As a motivation for the general partner to manage the MLP
successfully and increase cash flows, the terms of most MLP
partnership agreements typically provide that the general
partner receives a larger portion of the net income as
distributions reach higher target levels. As cash flow grows,
the general partner receives a greater interest in the
incremental income compared to the interest of limited partners.
The general partners incentive compensation typically
increases up to 50% of incremental income. Nevertheless, the
aggregate amount distributed to limited partners will increase
as MLP distributions reach higher target levels. Given this
structure, the general partner has an incentive to streamline
operations and undertake acquisitions and growth projects in
order to increase distributions to all partners.
MLPs in which we may invest can generally be classified in the
following categories:
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Pipeline MLPs. Pipeline MLPs are common carrier
transporters of natural gas, NGLs (primarily propane, ethane,
butane and natural gasoline), crude oil or refined petroleum
products (gasoline, diesel fuel and jet fuel). Pipeline MLPs may
also operate ancillary businesses such as storage and marketing
of such products. Revenue is derived from capacity and
transportation fees. Historically, pipeline output has been less
exposed to cyclical economic forces due to its low cost
structure and government-regulated nature. In addition, pipeline
MLPs do not have direct commodity price exposure because they do
not own the product being shipped.
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Processing MLPs. Processing MLPs are gatherers and
processors of natural gas as well as providers of
transportation, fractionation and storage of NGLs. Revenue is
derived from providing services to natural gas producers, which
require treatment or processing before their natural gas
commodity can be marketed to utilities and other end user
markets. Revenue for the processor is fee based, although it is
not uncommon to have some participation in the prices of the
natural gas and NGL commodities for a portion of revenue.
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Propane MLPs. Propane MLPs are distributors of
propane to homeowners for space and water heating. Revenue is
derived from the resale of the commodity at a margin over
wholesale cost. The ability to maintain margin is a key to
profitability. Propane serves approximately 3% of the household
energy needs in the United States, largely for homes beyond the
geographic reach of natural gas distribution pipelines.
Approximately 70% of annual cash flow is earned during the
winter heating season (October through March). Accordingly,
volumes are weather dependent, but have utility type functions
similar to electricity and natural gas.
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Marine Shipping MLPs. Marine shipping MLPs are
primarily marine transporters of natural gas, crude oil or
refined petroleum products. Marine shipping MLPs derive revenue
from charging customers for the transportation of these products
utilizing the MLPs vessels. Transportation services are
typically provided pursuant to a charter or contract, the terms
of which vary depending on, for example, the length of use of a
particular vessel, the amount of cargo transported, the number
of voyages made, the parties operating a vessel or other factors.
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Exploration and Production MLPs. Exploration and
production MLPs (E&P) produce energy resources,
including natural gas and crude oil, from long-life basins
throughout the United States. Revenue is generated by the sale
of natural gas or crude oil, resulting in direct commodity price
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15
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exposure. E&P MLPs reduce cash flow volatility associated
with commodity prices by executing multi-year hedging strategies
that fix the price of gas and oil produced.
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Investment
Process and Risk Management
Our Adviser seeks to invest in securities that offer a
combination of quality, growth and yield intended to result in
superior total returns over the long run. Our Advisers
securities selection process includes a comparison of
quantitative, qualitative, and relative value factors. Although
our Adviser intends to use research provided by broker-dealers
and investment firms, primary emphasis will be placed on
proprietary analysis and valuation models conducted and
maintained by our Advisers in-house investment analysts.
To determine whether a company meets its criteria, our Adviser
generally will look for a strong record of distribution growth,
a solid ratio of debt to equity and coverage ratio with respect
to distributions to unitholders, and a proven track record,
incentive structure and management team. It is anticipated that
all of the MLPs in which we invest will have a market
capitalization greater than $200 million at the time of
investment.
Our Advisers investment decisions are driven by
proprietary financial, risk, and valuation models developed and
maintained by our Adviser and its investment committee.
Financial models are based on business drivers and include
historical and five year operational and financial projections.
The models quantify growth, facilitate sensitivity and credit
analysis, and aid in MLP peer comparisons. The risk models
assess an MLPs asset quality, management, and stability of
cash flows. The combination of these assessments results in a
tier rating which guides portfolio weightings. Valuation models
are multiple stage dividend growth models based on a discounted
cash flow framework. Our Adviser also uses traditional valuation
metrics such as cash flow multiples and current yield in its
investment process. We believe the combination of our
Advisers three proprietary models assists in its
evaluation of risk.
Our Advisers investment committee is responsible for the
origination, transaction development and monitoring of our
investments. In conducting due diligence, our Adviser primarily
relies on first-hand sources of information, such as company
filings, meetings with management, site visits, government
information, etc. The due diligence process followed by our
Adviser is comprehensive and includes:
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review of historical and prospective financial information;
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quarterly updates and conference calls;
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analysis of financial models and projections;
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meetings with management and key employees;
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on-site
visits; and
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screening of relevant partnership and other key documents.
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Investment
Policies
We seek to achieve our investment objective by investing
primarily in securities of MLPs and their affiliates that our
Adviser believes offer attractive distribution rates and capital
appreciation potential.
We have adopted the following nonfundamental investment policies:
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Under normal circumstances, we will invest at least 80% of our
total assets in equity securities of MLPs in the energy
infrastructure sector, with at least 70% of our total assets in
equity securities of natural gas infrastructure MLPs. For
purposes of these policies, we consider investments in MLPs to
include investments in affiliates of MLPs.
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We may invest up to 50% of our total assets in restricted
securities, primarily through direct investments in securities
of listed companies. We will not invest in privately held
companies.
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We will not invest more than 10% of our total assets in any
single issuer.
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We will not engage in short sales.
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16
As used in the bullets above, the term total assets
includes assets to be obtained through leverage for the purpose
of each nonfundamental investment policy. During the period in
which we are investing the net proceeds of this offering, we
will deviate from our investment policies with respect to the
net proceeds by investing the net proceeds in mutual funds,
cash, cash equivalents, securities issued or guaranteed by the
U.S. Government or its instrumentalities or agencies,
short-term money market instruments, short-term debt securities,
certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other
bank obligations, commercial paper or other liquid securities.
The Board of Directors may change our nonfundamental investment
policies without stockholder approval and will provide notice to
stockholders of material changes (including notice through
stockholder reports), although a change in the policy of
investing at least 80% of our total assets, in equity securities
of energy infrastructure MLPs requires at least
60 days prior written notice to stockholders. Unless
otherwise stated, these investment restrictions apply at the
time of purchase, and we will not be required to reduce a
position due solely to market value fluctuations in order to
comply with these restrictions.
We intend to seek direct investment opportunities (direct
placements or follow-on offerings) that could take place soon
after the closing of this offering. MLPs typically issue new
equity in such transactions at some discount to prevailing
market price. If we are successful in our efforts to purchase
direct investments at a discount, we may benefit from an
immediate accretion of the discount and as a result may
enhance our NAV. However, we cannot assure you that we will be
successful in this strategy.
Investment
Securities
The types of securities in which we may invest include, but are
not limited to, the following:
Equity Securities of MLPs. Consistent with
our investment objective, we may invest up to 100% of our total
assets in equity securities issued by MLPs, including common
units, convertible subordinated units, and equity securities
issued by affiliates of MLPs, including I-Shares.
17
The table below summarizes the features of these securities, and
a further discussion of these securities follows:
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Common Units
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Convertible Subordinated Units
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(for MLPs Taxed as
Partnerships)(1)
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(for MLPs Taxed as Partnerships)
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I-Shares
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Voting Rights
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Limited to certain significant decisions; no annual election of
directors
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Same as common units
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No direct MLP voting rights
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Dividend
Priority
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First right to MQD specified in Partnership Agreement; arrearage
rights
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Second right to MQD; no arrearage rights; may be paid in
additional units
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Equal in amount and priority to common units but paid in
additional
I-Shares at
current market value of I-Shares
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Dividend
Rate
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Minimum set in Partnership Agreement; participate pro rata with
subordinated after both MQDs are met
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Equal in amount to common units; participate pro rata with
common units above the MQD
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Equal in amount to common units
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Trading
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Listed on NYSE, NYSE Alternext U.S. and NASDAQ National Market
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Not publicly traded
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Listed on NYSE
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Federal
Income Tax
Treatment
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Generally, ordinary income to the extent of taxable income
allocated to holder; distributions are tax-deferred return of
capital to extent of holders basis; remainder as capital
gain
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Same as common units
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Full distribution treated as return of capital; since
distribution is in shares, total basis is not reduced
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Type of
Investor
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Retail; creates unrelated business taxable income for tax-exempt
investor; investment by regulated investment companies limited
to 25% of total assets
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Same as common units
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Retail and institutional; does not create unrelated business
taxable income; qualifying income for regulated investment
companies
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Liquidity
Priority
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Intended to receive return of all capital first
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Second right to return of capital; pro rata with common units
thereafter
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Same as common units (indirect right through
I-Share
issuer)
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Conversion
Rights
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None
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Typically one-to-one ratio into common units
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None
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Some energy infrastructure companies in which we may invest have
been organized as LLCs. Such LLCs are treated in the same manner
as MLPs for federal income tax purposes. Common units of LLCs
have similar characteristics of those of MLP common units,
except that LLC common units typically have voting rights with
respect to the LLC, and LLC common units held by management are
not entitled to increased percentages of cash distributions as
increased levels of cash distributions are received by the LLC.
The characteristics of LLCs and their common units are more
fully discussed below. |
MLP Common Units. MLP common units represent an
equity ownership interest in a partnership, providing limited
voting rights and entitling the holder to a share of the
companys success through distributions
and/or
capital appreciation. Unlike stockholders of a corporation,
common unitholders do not elect directors annually and generally
have the right to vote only on certain significant events, such
as a merger, a sale of substantially all of the assets, removal
of the general partner or material amendments to the partnership
agreement. MLPs are required by their partnership agreements to
distribute a large percentage of their current operating
earnings. Common unitholders generally have first right to a
minimum quarterly
18
distribution (MQD) prior to distributions to the
convertible subordinated unitholders or the general partner
(including incentive distributions). Common unitholders
typically have arrearage rights if the MQD is not met. In the
event of liquidation, MLP common unitholders have first rights
to the partnerships remaining assets after bondholders,
other debt holders, and preferred unitholders have been paid in
full. MLP common units trade on a national securities exchange
or
over-the-counter.
In addition, like common stock, prices of MLP common units are
sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in
the stock market may depress the price of MLP common units to
which we have exposure.
Limited Liability Company Units. Some energy
infrastructure companies in which we may invest have been
organized as LLCs. Such LLCs are treated in the same manner as
MLPs for federal income tax purposes. Consistent with its
investment objective and policies, we may invest in common units
or other securities of such LLCs. LLC common units represent an
equity ownership interest in an LLC, entitling the holder to a
share of the LLCs success through distributions
and/or
capital appreciation. Similar to MLPs, LLCs typically do not pay
federal income tax at the entity level and are required by their
operating agreements to distribute a large percentage of their
earnings. LLC common unitholders generally have first rights to
a MQD prior to distributions to subordinated unitholders and
typically have arrearage rights if the MQD is not met. In the
event of liquidation, LLC common unitholders have first rights
to the LLCs remaining assets after bond holders, other
debt holders and preferred unitholders, if any, have been paid
in full. LLC common units may trade on a national securities
exchange or
over-the-counter.
In contrast to MLPs, LLCs have no general partner, and there are
generally no incentives that entitle management or other
unitholders to increased percentages of cash distributions as
distributions reach higher target levels. In addition, LLC
common unitholders typically have voting rights with respect to
the LLC, whereas MLP common units have limited voting rights.
MLP Convertible Subordinated Units. MLP
convertible subordinated units are typically issued by MLPs to
founders, corporate general partners of MLPs, entities that sell
assets to the MLP, and institutional investors. The purpose of
the convertible subordinated units is to increase the likelihood
that during the subordination period there will be available
cash to be distributed to common unitholders. Convertible
subordinated units generally are not entitled to distributions
until holders of common units have received specified MQD, plus
any arrearages, and may receive less than common unitholders in
distributions upon liquidation. Convertible subordinated
unitholders generally are entitled to MQD prior to the payment
of incentive distributions to the general partner but are not
entitled to arrearage rights. Therefore, convertible
subordinated units generally entail greater risk than MLP common
units. They are generally convertible automatically into the
senior common units of the same issuer at a
one-to-one
ratio upon the passage of time
and/or the
satisfaction of certain financial tests. These units generally
do not trade on a national exchange or
over-the-counter,
and there is no active market for convertible subordinated
units. Although the means by which convertible subordinated
units convert into senior common units depend on a
securitys specific terms, MLP convertible subordinated
units typically are exchanged for common units. The value of a
convertible security is a function of its worth if converted
into the underlying common units. Convertible subordinated units
generally have similar voting rights as MLP common units.
Distributions may be paid in cash or in-kind.
Equity Securities of MLP Affiliates. In
addition to equity securities of MLPs, we may also invest in
equity securities of MLP affiliates. MLP affiliates are issuers
of MLP I-Shares and general partners of MLPs.
MLP I-Shares. I-Shares represent an indirect
investment in MLP
I-units.
I-units are
equity securities issued to an affiliate of an MLP, typically a
limited liability company, that owns an interest in and manages
the MLP. The I-Shares issuer has management rights but is not
entitled to incentive distributions. The I-Share issuers
assets consist exclusively of MLP
I-units.
Distributions by MLPs to
I-unitholders
are made in the form of additional
I-units,
generally equal in amount to the cash received by common
unitholders of MLPs. Distributions to I-Share holders are made
in the form of additional
I-Shares,
generally equal in amount to the I-units received by the I-Share
issuer. The issuer of the
I-Shares is
taxed as a corporation; however, the MLP does not allocate
income or loss to the I-Share issuer. Accordingly, investors
receive a Form 1099, are not allocated their proportionate
share of income of the MLPs and are not subject to state income
tax filing obligations based solely on the issuers
operations within a state.
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General Partner Interests. General partner
interests of MLPs are typically retained by an MLPs
original sponsors, such as its founders, corporate partners,
entities that sell assets to the MLP and investors. An entity
holding general partner interests, but not its investors, can be
liable under certain circumstances for amounts greater than the
amount of the entitys investment in the general partner
interest. General partner interests often confer direct board
participation rights and in many cases, operating control, over
the MLP. These interests themselves are generally not publicly
traded, although they may be owned by publicly traded entities.
General partner interests receive cash distributions, typically
2% of the MLPs aggregate cash distributions, which are
contractually defined in the partnership agreement. In addition,
holders of general partner interests typically hold incentive
distribution rights (IDRs), which provide them with
a larger share of the aggregate MLP cash distributions as the
distributions to limited partner unitholders are increased to
prescribed levels. General partner interests generally cannot be
converted into common units. The general partner interest can be
redeemed by the MLP if the MLP unitholders choose to remove the
general partner, typically with a supermajority vote by limited
partner unitholders.
Other Non-MLP Equity Securities. In addition
to equity securities of MLPs and their affiliates, we may also
invest up to 20% of our total assets in common and preferred
stock, limited partner interests, convertible securities,
warrants and depository receipts of companies that are organized
as corporations, limited liability companies or limited
partnerships. Common stock generally represents an equity
ownership interest in an issuer. Although common stocks have
historically generated higher average total returns than
fixed-income securities over the long term, common stocks also
have experienced significantly more volatility in those returns
and may under-perform relative to fixed-income securities during
certain periods. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable
earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common
stock we hold. In addition, prices of common stocks are
sensitive to general movements in the stock market, and a drop
in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks to
which we have exposure. Common stock prices fluctuate for
several reasons including changes in investors perceptions
of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition
of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic
events affecting an issuer occur. In addition, common stock
prices may be particularly sensitive to rising interest rates,
which increases borrowing costs and the costs of capital.
Restricted Securities. We may invest up to
50% of our total assets in restricted securities, primarily
through direct investments in securities of listed companies. An
issuer may be willing to offer the purchaser more attractive
features with respect to securities issued in direct investments
because it has avoided the expense and delay involved in a
public offering of securities. Adverse conditions in the public
securities markets also may preclude a public offering of
securities. MLP convertible subordinated units typically are
purchased in private placements and do not trade on a national
exchange or
over-the-counter,
and there is no active market for convertible subordinated
units. MLP convertible subordinated units typically are
purchased from affiliates of the issuer or other existing
holders of convertible units rather than directly from the
issuer.
Restricted securities obtained by means of direct investments
are less liquid than securities traded in the open market
because of statutory and contractual restrictions on resale.
Such securities are, therefore, unlike securities that are
traded in the open market, which can be expected to be sold
immediately if the market is adequate. This lack of liquidity
creates special risks for us. However, we could sell such
securities in private transactions with a limited number of
purchasers or in public offerings under the 1933 Act. MLP
convertible subordinated units generally also convert to
publicly traded common units upon the passage of time
and/or
satisfaction of certain financial tests. We intend to seek
direct investment opportunities (direct placements or follow-on
offerings) that could take place soon after the closing of this
offering. MLPs typically issue new equity in such transactions
at some discount to prevailing market price. If we are
successful in our efforts to purchase direct investments at a
discount, we may be able to both mitigate the costs of this
offering to our common stockholders and increase our net asset
value per common share. However, we cannot assure you that we
will be successful in this strategy.
Temporary Investments and Defensive
Investments. Pending investment of the proceeds of
this offering (which we expect may take up to approximately
three to six months following the closing of this offering), we
may invest offering proceeds in mutual funds, cash, cash
equivalents, securities issued or guaranteed by the
U.S. Government or its instrumentalities or agencies,
short-term money market instruments, short-term debt
20
securities, certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances
and other bank obligations, commercial or other liquid
securitiesall of which are expected to provide a lower
yield than the securities of MLPs and their affiliates. We may
also invest in these instruments on a temporary basis to meet
working capital needs, including, but not limited to, for
collateral in connection with certain investment techniques, to
hold a reserve pending payment of distributions, and to
facilitate the payment of expenses and settlement of trades. We
anticipate that under normal market conditions and following the
investment of the proceeds of this offering not more than 5% of
our total assets will be invested in these instruments.
Under adverse market or economic conditions, we may invest 100%
of our total assets in these securities. The yield on these
securities may be lower than the returns on MLPs or yields on
lower rated fixed income securities. To the extent we invest in
these securities on a temporary basis or for defensive purposes,
we may not achieve our investment objective.
Portfolio
Turnover
Our annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly from year to
year. Although we cannot accurately predict our annual portfolio
turnover rate, it is not expected to exceed 30% under normal
circumstances. Portfolio turnover rate is not considered a
limiting factor in the execution of investment decisions for us.
A higher turnover rate results in correspondingly greater
brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses. High
portfolio turnover may result in our recognition of gains
(losses) that will increase (decrease) our tax liability and
thereby impact the amount of our after-tax distributions. In
addition, high portfolio turnover may increase our current and
accumulated earnings and profits, resulting in a greater portion
of our distributions being treated as taxable dividends for
federal income tax purposes. See Certain Federal Income
Tax Matters.
Conflicts
of Interest
Conflicts of interest may arise from the fact that our Adviser
and its affiliates carry on substantial investment activities
for other clients in which we have no interest, some of which
may have investment strategies similar to ours. Our Adviser or
its affiliates may have financial incentives to favor certain of
such accounts over us. For example, our Adviser may have an
incentive to allocate potentially more favorable investment
opportunities to other funds and clients that pay our Adviser an
incentive or performance fee. Performance and incentive fees
also create the incentive to allocate potentially riskier, but
potentially better performing, investments to such funds and
other clients in an effort to increase the incentive fee. Our
Adviser also may have an incentive to make investments in one
fund, having the effect of increasing the value of a security in
the same issuer held by another fund, which, in turn, may result
in an incentive fee being paid to our Adviser by that other
fund. Any of the Advisers or its affiliates proprietary
accounts and other customer accounts may compete with us for
specific trades. Our Adviser or its affiliates may give advice
and recommend securities to, or buy or sell securities for us
which advice or securities may differ from advice given to, or
securities recommended or bought or sold for, other accounts and
customers, even though their investment objectives may be the
same as, or similar to our objectives. Our Adviser has written
allocation policies and procedures designed to address potential
conflicts of interest. For instance, when two or more clients
advised by our Adviser or its affiliates seek to purchase or
sell the same publicly traded securities, the securities
actually purchased or sold will be allocated among the clients
on a good faith equitable basis by our Adviser in its discretion
and in accordance with the clients various investment
objectives and our Advisers procedures. In some cases,
this system may adversely affect the price or size of the
position we may obtain. In other cases, the ability to
participate in volume transactions may produce better execution
for us. When possible, our Adviser combines all of the trade
orders into one or more block orders, and each account
participates at the average unit or share price obtained in a
block order. When block orders are only partially filled, our
Adviser considers a number of factors in determining how
allocations are made, with the overall goal to allocate in a
manner so that accounts are not preferred or disadvantaged over
time. Our Adviser also has allocation policies for transactions
involving private placement securities, which are designed to
result in a fair and equitable participation in offerings or
sales for each participating client.
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Our Adviser also serves as investment adviser for five other
publicly traded and one privately held closed-end management
investment companies, all of which invest in the energy sector.
See Management of the CompanyInvestment
Adviser.
Our Adviser will evaluate a variety of factors in determining
whether a particular investment opportunity or strategy is
appropriate and feasible for the relevant account at a
particular time, including, but not limited to, the following:
(1) the nature of the investment opportunity taken in the
context of the other investments at the time; (2) the
liquidity of the investment relative to the needs of the
particular entity or account; (3) the availability of the
opportunity (i.e., size of obtainable position); (4) the
transaction costs involved; and (5) the investment or
regulatory limitations applicable to the particular entity or
account. Because these considerations may differ when applied to
us and relevant accounts under management in the context of any
particular investment opportunity, our investment activities, on
the one hand, and other managed accounts, on the other hand, may
differ considerably from time to time. In addition, our fees and
expenses will differ from those of the other managed accounts.
Accordingly, stockholders should be aware that our future
performance and the future performance of the other accounts of
our Adviser may vary.
Situations may occur when we could be disadvantaged because of
the investment activities conducted by our Adviser and its
affiliates for its other funds or accounts. Such situations may
be based on, among other things, the following: (1) legal
or internal restrictions on the combined size of positions that
may be taken for us or the other accounts, thereby limiting the
size of our position; or (2) the difficulty of liquidating
an investment for us or the other accounts where the market
cannot absorb the sale of the combined position, or
(3) limits on co-investing in negotiated transactions under
the 1940 Act, as discussed further below.
Under the 1940 Act, we may be precluded from co-investing in
negotiated private placements of securities with our affiliates,
including other funds managed by the Adviser. As such, we will
not co-invest with our affiliates in negotiated private
placement transactions. The Adviser will observe a policy for
allocating negotiated private placement opportunities among its
clients that takes into account the amount of each clients
available cash and its investment objectives.
To the extent that our Adviser sources and structures private
investments in MLPs, certain employees of our Adviser may become
aware of actions planned by MLPs, such as acquisitions, that may
not be announced to the public. It is possible that we could be
precluded from investing in or selling securities of an MLP
about which our Adviser has material, non-public information;
however, it is our Advisers intention to ensure that any
material, non-public information available to certain employees
of our Adviser is not shared with those employees responsible
for the purchase and sale of publicly traded MLP securities. Our
investment opportunities may also be limited by affiliations of
our Adviser or its affiliates with energy infrastructure
companies.
Our Adviser and its principals, officers, employees, and
affiliates may buy and sell securities or other investments for
their own accounts and may have actual or potential conflicts of
interest with respect to investments made on our behalf. As a
result of differing trading and investment strategies or
constraints, positions may be taken by principals, officers,
employees, and affiliates of our Adviser that are the same as,
different from, or made at a different time than positions taken
for us. Furthermore, our Adviser may at some time in the future
manage other investment funds with the same investment objective
as ours.
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LEVERAGE
Use of
Leverage
The borrowing of money and the issuance of preferred stock and
debt securities represents the leveraging of our common stock.
The issuance of additional common stock may enable us to
increase the aggregate amount of our leverage or to maintain any
existing leverage. We reserve the right at any time to use
financial leverage to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act (50%
of total assets for preferred stock and
331/3%
of total assets for senior debt securities) or we may elect to
reduce the use of leverage or use no leverage at all. Our Board
of Directors has approved a leverage target of up to 25% of our
total assets at the time of incurrence and has also approved a
policy permitting temporary increases in the amount of leverage
we may use from 25% of our total assets to up to 30% of our
total assets at the time of incurrence, provided (i) that
such leverage is consistent with the limits set forth in the
1940 Act, and (ii) that we expect to reduce such increased
leverage over time in an orderly fashion. We generally will not
use leverage unless we believe that leverage will serve the best
interests of our stockholders. The principal factor used in
making this determination is whether the potential return is
likely to exceed the cost of leverage. We will not issue
additional leverage where the estimated costs of issuing such
leverage and the on-going cost of servicing the payment
obligations on such leverage exceed the estimated return on the
proceeds of such leverage. We note, however, that in making the
determination of whether to issue leverage, we must rely on
estimates of leverage costs and expected returns. Actual costs
of leverage vary over time depending on interest rates and other
factors. In addition, the percentage of our assets attributable
to leverage may vary significantly during periods of extreme
market volatility and will increase during periods of declining
market prices of our portfolio holdings. Actual returns vary
depending on many factors. The Board of Directors also will
consider other factors, including whether the current investment
opportunities will help us achieve our investment objective and
strategies.
Under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to issue preferred
stock unless immediately after such issuance, the value of our
total assets (including the proceeds of such issuance) less all
liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior
securities is at least equal to 200% of the total of the
aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness
plus the aggregate liquidation value of any outstanding
preferred stock. Stated another way, we may not issue preferred
stock that, together with outstanding preferred stock and debt
securities, has a total aggregate liquidation value and
outstanding principal amount of more than 50% of the value of
our total assets, including the proceeds of such issuance, less
liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior
securities. In addition, we are not permitted to declare any
distribution on our common stock, or purchase any of our shares
of common stock (through tender offers or otherwise) unless we
would satisfy this 200% asset coverage requirement test after
deducting the amount of such distribution or share price, as the
case may be. We may, as a result of market conditions or
otherwise, be required to purchase or redeem preferred stock, or
sell a portion of our investments when it may be disadvantageous
to do so, in order to maintain the required asset coverage.
Common stockholders would bear the costs of issuing additional
preferred stock, which may include offering expenses and the
ongoing payment of distributions. Under the 1940 Act, we may
only issue one class of preferred stock.
Under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to issue debt
securities or incur other indebtedness constituting senior
securities unless immediately thereafter, the value of our total
assets (including the proceeds of the indebtedness) less all
liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior
securities is at least equal to 300% of the amount of the
outstanding indebtedness. Stated another way, we may not issue
debt securities or incur other indebtedness with an aggregate
principal amount of more than
331/3%
of the value of our total assets, including the amount borrowed,
less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior
securities. We also must maintain this 300% asset
coverage for as long as the indebtedness is outstanding.
The 1940 Act provides that we may not declare any distribution
on common or preferred stock, or purchase any of our shares of
stock (through tender offers or otherwise), unless we would
satisfy this 300% asset coverage requirement test after
deducting the amount of the distribution or share purchase
price, as the case may be. If the asset coverage for
indebtedness declines to less than 300% as a result of market
fluctuations or otherwise, we may be required to redeem debt
securities, or sell a portion of our investments
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when it may be disadvantageous to do so. Under the
1940 Act, we may only issue one class of senior securities
representing indebtedness.
Hedging
Transactions
In an attempt to reduce the interest rate risk arising from our
leveraged capital structure, we may use interest rate
transactions such as swaps, caps and floors. There is no
assurance that the interest rate hedging transactions into which
we enter will be effective in reducing our exposure to interest
rate risk. Hedging transactions are subject to correlation risk,
which is the risk that payment on our hedging transactions may
not correlate exactly with our payment obligations on senior
securities. The use of interest rate transactions is a highly
specialized activity that involves investment techniques and
risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio
security transactions. In an interest rate swap, we would agree
to pay to the other party to the interest rate swap (known as
the counterparty) a fixed rate payment in exchange
for the counterparty agreeing to pay to us a variable rate
payment intended to approximate our variable rate payment
obligations on outstanding leverage. The payment obligations
would be based on the notional amount of the swap. In an
interest rate cap, we would pay a premium to the counterparty up
to the interest rate cap and, to the extent that a specified
variable rate index exceeds a predetermined fixed rate of
interest, would receive from the counterparty payments equal to
the difference based on the notional amount of such cap. In an
interest rate floor, we would be entitled to receive, to the
extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined
interest rate, payments of interest on a notional principal
amount from the party selling the interest rate floor. Depending
on the state of interest rates in general, our use of interest
rate transactions could affect our ability to make required
interest or distribution payments on our outstanding leverage.
To the extent there is a decline in interest rates, the value of
the interest rate transactions could decline. If the
counterparty to an interest rate transaction defaults, we would
not be able to use the anticipated net receipts under the
interest rate transaction to offset our cost of financial
leverage.
We may, but are not obligated to, enter into interest rate swap
transactions intended to reduce our interest rate risk with
respect to our interest and distribution payment obligations
under our outstanding leverage. See Risk
FactorsHedging Strategy Risk.
Effects
of Leverage
The following table is designed to illustrate the effect of
leverage on the return to a common stockholder, assuming
hypothetical annual returns (net of expenses) of our portfolio
of (10)% to 10%. As the table shows, the leverage generally
increases the return to common stockholders when portfolio
return is positive or greater than the cost of leverage and
decreases the return when the portfolio return is negative or
less than the cost of leverage. The figures appearing in the
table are hypothetical, and actual returns may be greater or
less than those appearing in the table.
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Assumed Portfolio Return
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(Net of Expenses)
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(10)%
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(5)%
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0%
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5%
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10%
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Corresponding Common Share Return
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(14.94)%
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(8.59)%
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(2.24)%
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4.12%
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10.47%
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If we use leverage, the amount of the fees paid to our Adviser
for investment advisory and management services will be higher
than if we do not use leverage because the fees paid are
calculated based on our Managed Assets, which include assets
purchased with leverage. Therefore, our Adviser has a financial
incentive to use leverage, which creates a conflict of interest
between our Adviser and our common stockholders. Because
payments on any leverage would be paid by us at a specified
rate, only our common stockholders would bear management fees
and other expenses we incur.
We cannot fully achieve the benefits of leverage until we have
invested the proceeds resulting from the use of leverage in
accordance with our investment objective and policies. For
further information about leverage, see Risk
FactorsLeverage Risk.
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RISK
FACTORS
Investing in our securities involves risk, including the risk
that you may receive little or no return on your investment or
even that you may lose part or all of your investment.
Therefore, before investing in our securities you should
consider carefully the following risks.
General. We are a newly organized non-diversified,
closed-end management investment company and have no operating
history or history of public trading of our common shares. We
are designed primarily as a long-term investment vehicle and not
as a trading tool. An investment in our securities should not
constitute a complete investment program for any investor and
involves a high degree of risk. Due to the uncertainty in all
investments, there can be no assurance that we will achieve our
investment objective.
Concentration Risk. Under normal
circumstances, we will concentrate our investments in the energy
infrastructure sector, and will invest in a portfolio consisting
primarily of energy infrastructure MLPs and their affiliates,
with an emphasis on natural gas infrastructure MLPs. Risks
inherent in the business of these types of MLPs and their
affiliates include the following:
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The profitability of MLPs, particularly processing and pipeline
MLPs, may be materially impacted by the volume of natural gas or
other energy commodities available for transporting, processing,
storing or distributing. A significant decrease in the
production of natural gas, oil or other energy commodities, due
to a decline in production from existing facilities, import
supply disruption, depressed commodity prices or otherwise,
would reduce revenue and operating income of MLPs and,
therefore, the ability of MLPs to make distributions to partners.
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Processing MLPs and propane MLPs may be directly affected by
energy commodity prices. The volatility of commodity prices can
indirectly affect certain other MLPs due to the impact of prices
on the volume of commodities transported, processed, stored or
distributed. Pipeline MLPs are not subject to direct commodity
price exposure because they do not own the underlying energy
commodity.
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A sustained decline in demand for natural gas, crude oil, and
refined petroleum products could adversely affect MLP revenues
and cash flows. Factors that could lead to a decrease in market
demand include a recession or other adverse economic conditions,
an increase in the market price of the underlying commodity,
higher taxes or other regulatory actions that increase costs, or
a shift in consumer demand for such products. Demand may also be
adversely impacted by consumer sentiment with respect to global
warming
and/or by
any state or federal legislation intended to promote the use of
alternative energy sources such as bio-fuels, solar and wind.
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Climate change regulation could result in increased operations
and capital costs for certain companies in which we invest.
Voluntary initiatives and mandatory controls have been adopted
or are being discussed both in the United States and worldwide
to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases such as
carbon dioxide, a by-product of burning fossil fuels, which some
scientists and policymakers believe contribute to global climate
change. These measures and future measures could result in
increased costs to certain companies in which we invest to
operate and maintain facilities and administer and manage a
greenhouse gas emissions program and may reduce demand for fuels
that generate greenhouse gases and that are managed or produced
by companies in which we may invest.
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A portion of any one MLPs assets may be dedicated to
natural gas reserves and other commodities that naturally
deplete over time, which could have a materially adverse impact
on an MLPs ability to make distributions. MLPs often
depend upon exploration and development activities by third
parties.
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MLPs employ a variety of means of increasing cash flow,
including increasing utilization of existing facilities,
expanding operations through new construction, expanding
operations through acquisitions, or securing additional
long-term contracts. Thus, some MLPs may be subject to
construction risk, acquisition risk or other risk factors
arising from their specific business strategies. A significant
slowdown in large energy companies disposition of energy
infrastructure assets and other merger and
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acquisition activity in the energy MLP industry could reduce the
growth rate of cash flows that we receive from MLPs that grow
through acquisitions.
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The profitability of MLPs could be adversely affected by changes
in the regulatory environment. Companies in the energy
infrastructure sector are subject to significant federal, state
provincial and local government regulation in virtually every
aspect of their operations, including how facilities are
constructed, maintained and operated, environmental and safety
controls, and the prices they may charge for the products and
services they provide. Various governmental authorities have the
power to enforce compliance with these regulations and the
permits issued under them, and violators are subject to
administrative, civil and criminal penalties, including civil
fines, injunctions or both. Stricter laws, regulations or
enforcement policies could be enacted in the future which would
likely increase compliance costs and may adversely affect the
financial performance of companies in the energy sector.
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Extreme weather patterns, such as hurricane Ivan in 2004 and
hurricane Katrina in 2005, could result in significant
volatility in the supply of energy and power and could adversely
impact the value of the securities of companies in which we
invest. This volatility may create fluctuations in commodity
prices and earnings of companies in the energy infrastructure
industry.
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A rising interest rate environment could adversely impact the
performance of MLPs. Rising interest rates could limit the
capital appreciation of equity units of MLPs as a result of the
increased availability of alternative investments at competitive
yields with MLPs. Rising interest rates also may increase an
MLPs cost of capital. A higher cost of capital could limit
growth from acquisition/expansion projects and limit MLP
distribution growth rates.
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Since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the
U.S. Government has issued public warnings indicating that
energy assets, specifically those related to pipeline
infrastructure, production facilities and transmission and
distribution facilities, might be specific targets of terrorist
activity. The continued threat of terrorism and related military
activity likely will increase volatility for prices in natural
gas and oil and could affect the market for products of MLPs.
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MLPs face operating risks, including the risk of fire,
explosions, blow-outs, pipe failure, abnormally pressured
formations and environmental hazards. Environmental hazards
include pipeline ruptures, gas leaks, oil spills, or discharges
of toxic gases. If any of these operating risks occur, it could
cause substantial losses to the given energy company.
Substantial losses may be caused by injury or loss of life,
severe damage to or destruction of property, natural resources
and equipment, pollution or other environmental damage,
clean-up
responsibilities, regulatory investigation and penalties and
suspension of operations. In accordance with industry practice,
companies in the energy infrastructure sector generally maintain
insurance against some, but not all, of the risks described
above, and this insurance may not be adequate to cover losses or
liabilities.
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Industry Specific Risk. Energy infrastructure
companies also are subject to risks specific to the industry
they serve.
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Pipeline MLPs are subject to demand for natural gas, crude oil
or refined products in the markets served by the pipeline, sharp
decreases in natural gas or crude oil prices that cause
producers to curtail production or reduce capital spending for
exploration activities, and environmental regulation. Demand for
gasoline, which accounts for a substantial portion of refined
product transportation, depends on price, prevailing economic
conditions in the markets served, and demographic and seasonal
factors. Pipeline MLP unit prices are primarily driven by
distribution growth rates and prospects for distribution growth.
Pipeline MLPs are subject to regulation by FERC with respect to
tariff rates these companies may charge for pipeline
transportation services. An adverse determination by FERC with
respect to the tariff rates of a pipeline MLP could have a
material adverse effect on the business, financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows of that pipeline MLP and
its ability to make cash distributions to its equity owners.
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The costs of natural gas pipeline MLPs to perform services may
exceed the negotiated rates under negotiated rate
contracts, which would decrease their cash flow available for
distribution to their unitholders. Under FERC policy, a
regulated service provider and a customer may mutually agree to
sign a contract for service at a negotiated rate
which may be above or below the FERC regulated recourse
rate for that service, and that contract must be filed and
accepted by FERC. These negotiated rate contracts
are not generally subject to adjustment for increased costs
which could be produced by inflation, increases in cost of
capital and taxes or other factors relating to the specific
facilities being used to perform the services. Any shortfall of
revenue, representing the difference between recourse
rates (if higher) and negotiated rates, under current FERC
policy is generally not recoverable from other shippers. In
addition, substantially all natural gas pipeline revenues are
generated under contracts which expire periodically and must be
renegotiated and extended or replaced. If the new terms are not
as favorable as the existing contracts, natural gas pipeline
MLPs could suffer a material reduction in their revenues,
earnings and cash flows.
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Processing MLPs are subject to declines in production of natural
gas fields, which utilize the processing facilities as a way to
market the gas, prolonged depression in the price of natural
gas, which curtails production due to lack of drilling activity
and declines in the prices of NGL products and natural gas
prices, resulting in lower processing margins.
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Propane MLPs are subject to earnings variability based upon
weather patterns in the locations where the company operates and
the wholesale cost of propane sold to end customers. Propane MLP
unit prices are based on safety in distribution coverage ratios,
interest rate environment and, to a lesser extent, distribution
growth.
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Marine shipping MLPs are subject to the demand for, and the
level of consumption of, natural gas, refined petroleum products
or crude oil in the markets served by the marine shipping MLPs,
which in turn could affect the demand for tank vessel capacity
and charter rates. These MLPs vessels and their cargoes
are also subject to the risks of being damaged or lost due to
marine disasters, bad weather, mechanical failures, grounding,
fire, explosions and collisions, human error, piracy, and war
and terrorism.
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E&P MLPs are impacted by declines in the demand for and
prices of natural gas, crude oil and refined petroleum products.
Reductions in prices for natural gas and crude oil can cause a
given reservoir to become uneconomic for continued production
earlier than it would if prices were higher. The operating
margins and cash flows of E&P MLPs may fluctuate widely in
response to a variety of factors, including global and domestic
economic conditions, weather conditions, natural disasters, the
supply and price of imported energy commodities, political
instability, conservation efforts and governmental regulation.
The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the
quality of available data, the accuracy of assumptions regarding
future commodity prices and costs, and engineering and
geological interpretations and judgments. Due to natural
declines in reserves and production, E&P MLPs must
economically find or acquire and develop additional reserves in
order to maintain and grow their revenues and distributions.
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MLP Risk. We will invest primarily in equity
securities of MLPs and their affiliates. As a result, we are
subject to the risks associated with an investment in MLPs,
including cash flow risk, tax risk, deferred tax risk and
capital markets risk, as described in more detail below.
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Cash Flow Risk. We expect to derive substantially
all of our cash flow from investments in equity securities of
MLPs and their affiliates. The amount of cash that we will have
available to pay or distribute to holders of our securities
depends on the ability of the MLPs whose securities we hold to
make distributions to their partners and the tax character of
those distributions. We will not control the actions of
underlying MLPs. The amount of cash that each individual MLP can
distribute to its partners will depend on the amount of cash it
generates from operations, which will vary from quarter to
quarter depending on factors affecting the energy infrastructure
market generally and on factors affecting the particular
business lines of the MLP. Available cash will also depend on
the MLPs level of operating costs (including incentive
distributions to the general partner), level of capital
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expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisition costs (if
any), fluctuations in working capital needs and other factors.
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Tax Risk of MLPs. Our ability to meet our investment
objective will depend on the level of taxable income, dividends
and distributions we receive from the MLPs and other securities
of energy infrastructure companies in which we invest, a factor
over which we have no control. The benefit that we derive from
our investment in MLPs depends largely on the MLPs being treated
as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. As a
partnership, an MLP has no federal income tax liability at the
entity level. If, as a result of a change in current law or a
change in an MLPs business, an MLP were treated as a
corporation for federal income tax purposes, the MLP would be
obligated to pay federal income tax on its taxable income at the
corporate tax rate. If an MLP were classified as a corporation
for federal income tax purposes, the amount of cash available
for distribution would be reduced and the distributions we
receive might be taxed entirely as dividend income. Therefore,
treatment of one or more MLPs as a corporation for federal
income tax purposes could affect our ability to meet our
investment objective and would reduce the amount of cash
available to pay or distribute to holders of our securities.
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Deferred Tax Risks of MLPs. As a limited partner in
the MLPs in which we invest, we will be required to include in
our taxable income a pro rata share of income, gains, losses and
deductions from each MLP without regard to cash distributions
from the MLP. Historically, a significant portion of income from
such MLPs has been offset by tax deductions. We will incur a
current tax liability on our share of that portion of an
MLPs income and gains that is not offset by tax deductions
and losses. The percentage of an MLPs income and gains
which is offset by tax deductions and losses will fluctuate over
time for various reasons. A significant slowdown in acquisition
activity by MLPs held in our portfolio could result in a
reduction of accelerated depreciation generated by new
acquisitions, which may result in increased current income tax
liability to us.
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We will accrue deferred income taxes for any future tax
liability associated with that portion of MLP distributions
considered to be a tax-deferred return of capital as well as
capital appreciation of our investments. Upon the sale of an MLP
security, we may be liable for previously deferred taxes. We
will rely to some extent on information provided by the MLPs,
which is not necessarily timely, to estimate deferred tax
liability for purposes of financial statement reporting and
determining our NAV. From time to time we will modify our
estimates or assumptions regarding our deferred tax liability as
new information becomes available.
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Tax Law Change Risk. The favorable U.S. federal tax
treatment of certain qualified dividends is set to expire for
taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2011, unless
further Congressional action is taken. If no action is taken,
dividends paid by us to certain non-corporate U.S. shareholders
(including individuals) will be fully taxable at ordinary income
rates (i.e., up to 39.6%), and long-term capital gains of
certain
non-corporate
U.S. shareholders (including individuals) will increase to 20%
for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010.
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Equity Securities Risk. MLP common units and
other equity securities can be affected by macro-economic and
other factors affecting the stock market in general,
expectations of interest rates, investor sentiment towards MLPs
or the energy sector, changes in a particular issuers
financial condition, or unfavorable or unanticipated poor
performance of a particular issuer (in the case of MLPs,
generally measured in terms of distributable cash flow). Prices
of common units of individual MLPs and other equity securities
also can be affected by fundamentals unique to the partnership
or company, including size, earnings power, coverage ratio and
characteristics and features of different classes of securities.
Investing in securities of smaller companies may involve greater
risk than is associated with investing in more established
companies. Companies with smaller capitalization may have
limited product lines, markets or financial resources; may lack
management depth or experience; and may be more vulnerable to
adverse general market or economic developments than larger more
established companies.
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Because MLP convertible subordinated units generally convert to
common units on a
one-to-one
ratio, the price that we can be expected to pay upon purchase or
to realize upon resale is generally tied to the common unit
price less a discount. The size of the discount varies depending
on a variety of factors including the likelihood of conversion,
the length of time remaining to conversion and the size of the
block purchased.
The price of I-Shares and their volatility tend to be correlated
to the price of common units, although the price correlation is
not precise.
Delay in Use of Proceeds Risk. Although we
expect to fully invest the net proceeds of this offering within
three to six months after the closing of the offering, such
investments may be delayed if suitable investments are
unavailable at the time, if we are unable to secure firm
commitments for direct investments, if market conditions and
volumes of the securities of MLPs and their affiliates are not
favorable at the time or for other reasons. As a result, the
proceeds may be invested in mutual funds, cash, cash
equivalents, securities issued or guaranteed by the
U.S. Government or its instrumentalities or agencies, high
quality, short-term money market instruments, short-term debt
securities, certificates or deposit, bankers acceptances
and other bank obligations, commercial paper or other liquid
fixed income securities. The three to six month timeframe
associated with the anticipated use of proceeds could lower
returns and lower our yield in the first year after the issuance
of the common shares. See Use of Proceeds.
Capital Markets Risk. Global financial markets
and economic conditions have been, and may continue to be,
volatile due to a variety of factors, including significant
write-offs in the financial services sector. The third and
fourth quarters of 2009 and first quarter of 2010 witnessed more
stabilized economic activity as expectations for an economic
recovery increased. However, if the volatility continues, the
cost of raising capital in the debt and equity capital markets
and the ability to raise capital may be impacted. In particular,
concerns about the general stability of financial markets and
specifically the solvency of lending counterparties, may impact
the cost of raising capital from the credit markets through
increased interest rates, tighter lending standards,
difficulties in refinancing debt on existing terms or at all and
reduced, or in some cases ceasing to provide, funding to
borrowers. In addition, lending counterparties under existing
revolving credit facilities and other debt instruments may be
unwilling or unable to meet their funding obligations. In
addition, measures taken by the U.S. Government to
stimulate the U.S. economy may not be successful or may not
have the intended effect. As a result of any of the foregoing,
MLPs may be unable to obtain new debt or equity financing on
acceptable terms. If funding is not available when needed, or is
available only on unfavorable terms, MLPs may not be able to
meet their obligations as they come due. Moreover, without
adequate funding, MLPs may be unable to execute their growth
strategies, complete future acquisitions, take advantage of
other business opportunities or respond to competitive
pressures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on
their revenues and results of operations.
Leverage Risk. Our use of leverage through the
issuance of preferred stock or debt securities, and any
borrowings or other transactions involving indebtedness (other
than for temporary or emergency purposes) would be considered
senior securities for purposes of the 1940 Act and
create risks. Leverage is a speculative technique that may
adversely affect common stockholders. If the return on
securities acquired with borrowed funds or other leverage
proceeds does not exceed the cost of the leverage, the use of
leverage could cause us to lose money. Successful use of
leverage depends on our Advisers ability to predict or
hedge correctly interest rates and market movements, and there
is no assurance that the use of a leveraging strategy will be
successful during any period in which it is used. Because the
fee paid to our Adviser will be calculated on the basis of
Managed Assets, the fees will increase when leverage is
utilized, giving our Adviser an incentive to utilize leverage.
Our issuance of senior securities involves offering expenses and
other costs, including interest payments, which are borne
indirectly by our common stockholders. Fluctuations in interest
rates could increase interest or distribution payments on our
senior securities, and could reduce cash available for
distributions on common stock. Increased operating costs,
including the financing cost associated with any leverage, may
reduce our total return to common stockholders.
The 1940 Act
and/or the
rating agency guidelines applicable to senior securities impose
asset coverage requirements, distribution limitations, voting
right requirements (in the case of the senior equity
securities),
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and restrictions on our portfolio composition and our use of
certain investment techniques and strategies. The terms of any
senior securities or other borrowings may impose additional
requirements, restrictions and limitations that are more
stringent than those currently required by the 1940 Act, and the
guidelines of the rating agencies that rate outstanding senior
securities. These requirements may have an adverse effect on us
and may affect our ability to pay distributions on common stock
and preferred stock. To the extent necessary, we intend to
redeem any senior securities to maintain the required asset
coverage. Doing so may require that we liquidate portfolio
securities at a time when it would not otherwise be desirable to
do so. See LeverageUse of Leverage.
Hedging Strategy Risk. We may use interest
rate transactions for hedging purposes only, in an attempt to
reduce the interest rate risk arising from our leveraged capital
structure. There is no assurance that the interest rate hedging
transactions into which we enter will be effective in reducing
our exposure to interest rate risk. Hedging transactions are
subject to correlation risk, which is the risk that payment on
our hedging transactions may not correlate exactly with our
payment obligations on senior securities.
Interest rate transactions that we may use for hedging purposes
will expose us to certain risks that differ from the risks
associated with our portfolio holdings. There are economic costs
of hedging reflected in the price of interest rate swaps,
floors, caps and similar techniques, the costs of which can be
significant, particularly when long-term interest rates are
substantially above short-term rates. In addition, our success
in using hedging instruments is subject to our Advisers
ability to predict correctly changes in the relationships of
such hedging instruments to our leverage risk, and there can be
no assurance that our Advisers judgment in this respect
will be accurate. Consequently, the use of hedging transactions
might result in a poorer overall performance, whether or not
adjusted for risk, than if we had not engaged in such
transactions.
Depending on the state of interest rates in general, our use of
interest rate transactions could enhance or decrease the cash
available to us for payment of distributions or interest, as the
case may be. To the extent there is a decline in interest rates,
the value of interest rate swaps or caps could decline, and
result in a decline in our net assets. In addition, if the
counterparty to an interest rate transaction defaults, we would
not be able to use the anticipated net receipts under the
interest rate swap or cap to offset our cost of financial
leverage.
We may be subject to credit risk with respect to the
counterparties to any such agreements entered into by us. If a
counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its
obligations under a contract due to financial difficulties, we
may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery
under the derivative contract in a bankruptcy or other
reorganization proceeding. We may obtain only a limited recovery
or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
Competition Risk. A number of alternatives
exist for investing in a portfolio of energy infrastructure MLPs
and their affiliates, including other publicly traded investment
companies, structured notes, private funds,
open-end
funds and indexed products. In addition, recent tax law changes
have increased the ability of regulated investment companies or
other institutions to invest in MLPs. These competitive
conditions may adversely impact our ability to meet our
investment objective, which in turn could adversely impact our
ability to make distributions or interest or distribution
payments.
Restricted Securities Risk. We may invest up
to 50% of total assets in restricted securities, primarily
through direct investments in securities of listed companies.
Restricted securities are less liquid than securities traded in
the open market because of statutory and contractual
restrictions on resale. Such securities are, therefore, unlike
securities that are traded in the open market, which can be
expected to be sold immediately if the market is adequate. As
discussed further below, this lack of liquidity creates special
risks for us. However, we could sell such securities in private
transactions with a limited number of purchasers or in public
offerings under the 1933 Act. MLP convertible subordinated
units generally convert to publicly-traded common units upon the
passage of time
and/or
satisfaction of certain financial tests. Although the means by
which convertible subordinated units convert into senior common
units depend on a securitys specific terms, MLP
convertible subordinated units typically are exchanged for
common units.
Restricted securities are subject to statutory and contractual
restrictions on their public resale, which may make it more
difficult to value them, may limit our ability to dispose of
them and may lower the amount
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we could realize upon their sale. To enable us to sell our
holdings of a restricted security not registered under the
1933 Act, we may have to cause those securities to be
registered. The expenses of registering restricted securities
may be determined at the time we buy the securities. When we
must arrange registration because we wish to sell the security,
a considerable period may elapse between the time the decision
is made to sell the security and the time the security is
registered so that we could sell it. We would bear the risks of
any downward price fluctuation during that period.
Liquidity Risk. Although common units of MLPs
trade on the NYSE, NYSE Alternext U.S. (formerly known as
AMEX), and the NASDAQ National Market, certain MLP securities
may trade less frequently than those of larger companies due to
their smaller capitalizations. In the event certain MLP
securities experience limited trading volumes, the prices of
such MLPs may display abrupt or erratic movements at times. In
addition, it may be more difficult for us to buy and sell
significant amounts of such securities without an unfavorable
impact on prevailing market prices. As a result, these
securities may be difficult to dispose of at a fair price at the
times when we believe it is desirable to do so. Investment of
our capital in securities that are less actively traded or over
time experience decreased trading volume may restrict our
ability to take advantage of other market opportunities or to
dispose of securities. This also may affect adversely our
ability to make required interest payments on the debt
securities and distributions on the preferred stock, to redeem
such securities, or to meet asset coverage requirements.
Valuation Risk. Market prices generally will
not be available for MLP convertible subordinated units, and the
value of such investments ordinarily will be determined based on
fair valuations determined by our Adviser pursuant to procedures
adopted by the Board of Directors. Similarly, common units
acquired through direct placements will be valued based on fair
value determinations if they are restricted; however, our
Adviser expects that such values will be based on a discount
from publicly available market prices. Restrictions on resale or
the absence of a liquid secondary market may adversely affect
our ability to determine our NAV. In addition, the value of
these securities typically requires more reliance on the
judgment of our Adviser than that required for securities for
which there is an active trading market. Due to the difficulty
in valuing these securities and the absence of an active trading
market for these investments, we may not be able to realize
these securities true value, or we may have to delay their
sale in order to do so. This may affect adversely our ability to
make required interest payments on the debt securities and
distributions on the preferred stock, to redeem such securities,
or to meet asset coverage requirements.
Nondiversification Risk. We are a
non-diversified, closed-end management investment company under
the 1940 Act and do not intend to be treated as a regulated
investment company under the Internal Revenue Code. Accordingly,
there will be no regulatory limits under the 1940 Act or the
Internal Revenue Code on the number or size of securities that
we hold, and we may invest more assets in fewer issuers as
compared to a diversified fund. There are approximately
70 companies currently organized as MLPs, and only a
limited number of those companies operate energy infrastructure
or natural gas infrastructure assets. We will select MLP
investments from this small pool of issuers. We may invest in
non-MLP securities issued by energy infrastructure companies to
a lesser degree, consistent with our investment objective and
policies.
Tax Risk. Because we intend to be treated as a
corporation for federal income tax purposes, our financial
statements reflect deferred tax assets or liabilities according
to generally accepted accounting principles. Deferred tax assets
may constitute a relatively high percentage of NAV. Realization
of deferred tax assets including net operating loss and capital
loss carryforwards, are dependent, in part, on generating
sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character prior to
expiration of the loss carryforwards. In addition, a substantial
change in our ownership may limit our ability to utilize our
loss carryforwards. Unexpected significant decreases in MLP cash
distributions or significant declines in the fair value of our
MLP investments, among other factors, may change our assessment
regarding the recoverability of deferred tax assets and would
likely result in a valuation allowance, or recording of a larger
allowance. If a valuation allowance is required to reduce the
deferred tax asset in the future, it could have a material
impact on our NAV and results of operations in the period it is
recorded. Conversely, in periods of generally increasing MLP
prices, we will accrue a deferred tax liability to the extent
the fair value of our assets exceeds our tax basis. We may incur
significant tax liability during periods in which gains on MLP
investments are realized. Because
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deferred taxes are not taken into account in calculating Managed
Assets, our Adviser may have an incentive to defer taxes rather
than incur taxes in the current period.
Effects of Terrorism. The U.S. securities
markets are subject to disruption as a result of terrorist
activities, such as the terrorist attacks on the World Trade
Center on September 11, 2001; the war in Iraq and its
aftermath; other hostilities; and other geopolitical events.
Such events have led, and in the future may lead, to short-term
market volatility and may have long-term effects on the
U.S. economy and markets.
Anti-Takeover Provisions. Maryland law and our
Charter and Bylaws include provisions that could delay, defer or
prevent other entities or persons from acquiring control of us,
causing us to engage in certain transactions or modifying our
structure. These provisions may be regarded as
anti-takeover provisions. Such provisions could
limit the ability of common stockholders to sell their shares at
a premium over the then-current market prices by discouraging a
third party from seeking to obtain control of us. See
Certain Provisions in Our Charter and Bylaws.
Management Risk. Our Adviser was formed in
2002 to provide portfolio management to institutional and
high-net
worth investors seeking professional management of their MLP
investments. Our Adviser has been managing investments in
portfolios of MLP investments since that time. As of
June 30, 2010, our Adviser had client assets under
management of approximately $3.6 billion including
management of five other publicly-traded and one privately held
closed-end management investment companies. To the extent that
our Advisers assets under management continue to grow, our
Adviser may have to hire additional personnel and, to the extent
it is unable to hire qualified individuals, its operations may
be adversely affected.
Consolidation of Stock Ownership
Risk. Following this offering a single investor
may own 10% or more of our outstanding common shares, or an
investor may purchase such an interest following this offering
as a result of a direct issuance of our common shares or through
the purchase of our common shares in the open market. As a
result of such ownership, such an investor may attempt to
influence decisions regarding the composition of the Board of
Directors or other decisions made by our stockholders. In
addition, it may be difficult for other stockholders to gain or
control sufficient voting power to affect the outcome of votes
at stockholder meetings. This could have an adverse impact on us
and the value of our common shares.
Market Discount Risk. Shares of closed-end
investment companies frequently trade at a discount from NAV but
in some cases have traded above NAV. Continued development of
alternatives as a vehicle for investing in MLP securities may
contribute to reducing or eliminating any premium or may result
in our shares trading at a discount. The risk of the shares of
common stock trading at a discount is a risk separate from the
risk of a decline in our NAV as a result of investment
activities. Our NAV will be reduced immediately following an
offering of our common or preferred stock due to the offering
costs for such stock, which are borne entirely by us. Although
we also bear the offering costs of debt securities, such costs
are amortized over time and therefore do not impact our NAV
immediately following an offering.
Whether stockholders will realize a gain or loss for federal
income tax purposes upon the sale of our common stock depends
upon whether the market value of the common shares at the time
of sale is above or below the stockholders basis in such
shares, taking into account transaction costs, and it is not
directly dependent upon our NAV. Because the market value of our
common stock will be determined by factors such as the relative
demand for and supply of the shares in the market, general
market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we
cannot predict whether our common stock will trade at, below or
above NAV, or at, below or above the public offering price for
our common stock.
32
MANAGEMENT
OF THE COMPANY
Directors
and Officers
Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our
Board of Directors. Accordingly, our Board of Directors provides
broad supervision over our affairs, including supervision of the
duties performed by our Adviser. Our officers are responsible
for our
day-to-day
operations. The names, ages and addresses of each of our
directors and officers, together with their principal
occupations and other affiliations during the past five years,
are set forth below. Each director and officer will hold office
until his successor is duly elected and qualifies, or until he
resigns or is removed in the manner provided by law. Unless
otherwise indicated, the address of each director and officer is
11550 Ash Street, Suite 300, Leawood, Kansas 66211. Our
Board of Directors consists of a majority of directors who are
not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of our
Adviser or its affiliates.
Investment
Adviser
Pursuant to an advisory agreement, our Adviser provides us with
investment research and advice and furnishes us with an
investment program consistent with our investment objective and
policies, subject to the supervision of the Board of Directors.
Our Adviser determines which portfolio securities will be
purchased or sold, arranges for the placing of orders for the
purchase or sale of portfolio securities, selects brokers or
dealers to place those orders, maintains books and records with
respect to our securities transactions and reports to the Board
of Directors on our investments and performance.
Our Adviser is located at 11550 Ash Street, Suite 300,
Leawood, Kansas 66211. Our Adviser specializes in managing
portfolios of investments in MLPs and other energy companies.
Our Adviser was formed in 2002 to provide portfolio management
services to institutional and
high-net
worth investors seeking professional management of their MLP
investments. As of June 30, 2010, our Adviser had
approximately $3.6 billion of assets under management. Our
Advisers investment committee is comprised of five
seasoned portfolio managers.
Our Adviser also serves as investment adviser to Tortoise Energy
Infrastructure Corporation (TYG), Tortoise Energy
Capital Corporation (TYY), Tortoise North American
Energy Corporation (TYN), and Tortoise Power and
Energy Infrastructure Fund, Inc. (TPZ), which are
nondiversified, closed-end investment management companies that
invest in MLPs. TYG, which commenced operations on
February 27, 2004, invests primarily in equity securities
of MLPs and their affiliates in the energy infrastructure
sector. TYY, which commenced operations on May 31, 2005,
invests primarily in equity securities of MLPs and their
affiliates in the energy infrastructure sector. TYN, which
commenced operations on October 31, 2005, invests primarily
in securities of MLPs, including midstream energy
infrastructure, oil and gas exploitation and production, and
energy shipping companies. TPZ, which commenced operations on
July 31, 2009, invests in a portfolio consisting primarily
of fixed income and equity securities issued by power and energy
infrastructure companies. Our Adviser also serves as the
investment adviser to Tortoise Capital Resources Corporation
(TTO), a non-diversified closed-end management
investment company that has elected to be regulated as a
business development company under the 1940 Act. TTO, which
commenced operations on December 8, 2005, invests primarily
in privately held and micro-cap public companies operating in
the midstream and downstream segments, and to a lesser extent
the upstream and coal/aggregates segments, of the energy
infrastructure sector. In addition, our Adviser serves as the
investment adviser to a privately held, closed-end management
investment company. To the extent certain MLP securities or
other energy infrastructure company securities meet our
investment objective and the objectives of other investment
companies or accounts managed by our Adviser, we may compete
with such companies or accounts for the same investment
opportunities.
Our Adviser is wholly-owned by Tortoise Holdings, LLC, a holding
company. Mariner Holdings, LLC, an independent investment firm
with affiliates focused on wealth and asset management, owns a
majority interest in Tortoise Holdings, LLC, with the remaining
interests held by the five members of our Advisers
investment committee and certain other senior employees of our
Adviser. In September 2009, the five members of our
Advisers investment committee entered into employment
agreements with our Adviser.
33
Our Adviser has 34 full-time employees, including the five
members of the investment committee of our Adviser.
The investment management of our portfolio is the responsibility
of our Advisers investment committee. The investment
committees members are H. Kevin Birzer, Zachary A. Hamel,
Kenneth P. Malvey, Terry C. Matlack and David J. Schulte, all of
whom share responsibility for such investment management. It is
the policy of the investment committee that any one member can
require our Adviser to sell a security and any one member can
veto the committees decision to invest in a security. Each
committee member has been a portfolio manager since 2002. The
members of our Advisers investment committee have the
following years of investment experience:
Mr. Birzer28 years;
Mr. Hamel21 years;
Mr. Malvey23 years;
Mr. Matlack28 years; and
Mr. Schulte21 years.
H. Kevin Birzer. Mr. Birzer has
been a Managing Director of our Adviser since 2002.
Mr. Birzer has also served as a Director of ours since
inception and of each of TYG, TYY, TYN, TPZ, TTO, and the
privately held fund managed by our Adviser since inception.
Mr. Birzer, who was a member in Fountain Capital
Management, L.L.C. (Fountain Capital), a registered
investment adviser, from 1990 to May 2009, has 28 years of
investment experience. Mr. Birzer began his career with
Peat Marwick. His subsequent experience includes three years
working as a Vice President for F. Martin Koenig &
Co., focusing on equity and option investments, and three years
at Drexel Burnham Lambert, where he was a Vice President in the
Corporate Finance Department. Mr. Birzer graduated with a
Bachelor of Business Administration degree from the University
of Notre Dame and holds a Master of Business Administration
degree from New York University. He earned his CFA designation
in 1988.
Zachary A. Hamel. Mr. Hamel has
been a Managing Director of our Adviser since 2002 and also is a
Partner with Fountain Capital. Mr. Hamel has served as our
President since 2010, as Senior Vice President of each of TYY
and TTO since 2005, as Senior Vice President of each of TYG, TYN
and the private investment company managed by our Adviser since
2007, and of TPZ since inception. Mr. Hamel also served as
Secretary of each of TYG, TYY, TYN and TTO from their inception
to April 2007. Mr. Hamel joined Fountain Capital in 1997.
He covered the energy, chemicals and utilities sectors. Prior to
joining Fountain Capital, Mr. Hamel worked for the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) for eight years
as a Bank Examiner and a Regional Capital Markets Specialist.
Mr. Hamel graduated from Kansas State University with a
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. He also attained
a Master in Business Administration from the University of
Kansas School of Business. He earned his CFA designation in 1998.
Kenneth P. Malvey. Mr. Malvey has
been a Managing Director of our Adviser since 2002 and also is a
Partner with Fountain Capital. Mr. Malvey has served as our
Senior Vice President and Treasurer since 2010 and as Treasurer
of each of TYG, TYY, TYN and TTO since 2005, and as Treasurer of
the privately held fund since 2007 and of TPZ since inception;
as our Senior Vice President since inception, as Senior Vice
President of each of TYY and TTO since 2005, and as Senior Vice
President of each of TYG, TYN and the private investment company
since 2007 and of TPZ since inception; as Assistant Treasurer of
TYG, TYY and TYN from inception to November 2005; and as Chief
Executive Officer of the private investment company since
December 2008. Prior to joining Fountain Capital in 2002,
Mr. Malvey was one of three members of the Global Office of
Investments for GE Capitals Employers Reinsurance
Corporation. Most recently he was the Global Investment Risk
Manager for a portfolio of approximately $24 billion of
fixed-income, public equity and alternative investment assets.
Prior to joining GE Capital in 1996, Mr. Malvey was a Bank
Examiner and Regional Capital Markets Specialist with the FDIC
for nine years. Mr. Malvey graduated with a Bachelor of
Science degree in Finance from Winona State University, Winona,
Minnesota. He earned his CFA designation in 1996.
Terry C. Matlack. Mr. Matlack has
been a Managing Director of our Adviser since 2002 and has also
served as our Chief Executive Officer since 2010, and as Chief
Financial Officer since inception and Director from inception
until September 15, 2009 of each of TYG, TYY, TYN, TPZ, TTO
and the privately held fund managed by our Adviser. From 2001 to
2002, Mr. Matlack was a full-time Managing Director of
Kansas City Equity Partners LC (KCEP). Prior to
joining KCEP, from 1998 to 2001, Mr. Matlack was President
of GreenStreet Capital and its affiliates in the
telecommunications service industry. Mr. Matlack
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served as Chief Compliance Officer of TYG from 2004 through May
2006 and of each of TYY and TYN from inception through May 2006;
as Treasurer of each of TYG, TYY and TYN from inception to
November 2005; as Assistant Treasurer of TYG, TYY, and TYN from
November 2005 to April 2008, as Assistant Treasurer of TTO from
inception to April 2008, and of the private investment company
from inception to April 2009. Prior to 1995, he was Executive
Vice President and a member of the board of directors of W.K.
Communications, Inc., a cable television acquisition company,
and Chief Operating Officer of W.K. Cellular, a cellular rural
service area operator. He also has served as a specialist in
corporate finance with George K. Baum & Company, and
as Executive Vice President of Corporate Finance at B.C.
Christopher Securities Company. Mr. Matlack graduated with
a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Kansas
State University and holds a Masters of Business Administration
and a Juris Doctorate from the University of Kansas. He earned
his CFA designation in 1985.
David J. Schulte. Mr. Schulte has
been a Managing Director of our Adviser since 2002.
Mr. Schulte has served as our Senior Vice President since
2010; has served as Chief Executive Officer and President of
each of TYG and TYY since 2005; as Chief Executive Officer of
TYN since 2005 and President of TYN from 2005 to September 2008;
as Chief Executive Officer and President of TPZ since inception;
as Chief Executive Officer of TTO since 2005 and as President of
TTO from 2005 to April 2007; as President of the privately held
fund since 2007 and as Chief Executive Officer of the privately
held fund from 2007 to December 2008. From 1993 to 2002,
Mr. Schulte was a full-time Managing Director of KCEP.
While a Managing Director of KCEP, he led private financing for
two growth MLPs in the energy infrastructure sector. Since
February 2004, Mr. Schulte has been an employee of the
Adviser. Prior to joining KCEP in 1993, Mr. Schulte had
over five years of experience completing acquisition and public
equity financings as an investment banker at the predecessor of
Oppenheimer & Co, Inc. From 1986 to 1989, he was a
securities law attorney. Mr. Schulte holds a Bachelor of
Science degree in Business Administration from Drake University
and a Juris Doctorate degree from the University of Iowa. He
passed the CPA examination in 1983 and earned his CFA
designation in 1992.
The statement of additional information provides additional
information about the compensation structure of, the other
accounts managed by, and the ownership of our securities by the
portfolio managers listed above.
Compensation
and Expenses
Under our advisory agreement we pay our Adviser a fee equal to
0.95% annually of our average monthly Managed Assets for the
services rendered by it. The Adviser has agreed to a fee waiver
of 0.25% of Managed Assets for the first year following this
offering and 0.10% of Managed Assets for the second year
following this offering. Managed Assets means our
total assets (including any assets attributable to any leverage
that may be outstanding but excluding any net deferred tax
assets) minus the sum of accrued liabilities other than
(1) net deferred tax liabilities, (2) debt entered
into for purposes of leverage, and (3) the aggregate
liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred stock. Our
Adviser does not charge an advisory fee based on net deferred
tax assets. Because the fee paid to the Adviser is determined on
the basis of our Managed Assets, the Advisers interest in
determining whether we should incur additional leverage will
conflict with our interests. Because deferred taxes are not
deducted in calculating Managed Assets, the Adviser may have an
incentive to defer taxes rather than incur taxes in the current
period. In addition, because the fee paid to the Adviser is
determined on the basis of our Managed Assets and not our Net
Assets, there is no reduction in the fee paid to the Adviser for
accruing deferred tax liabilities. Net Assets means
the value of our total assets (including any assets attributable
to any leverage that may be outstanding and net deferred tax
assets) minus the sum of total liabilities (including net
deferred tax liabilities, debt entered into for the purpose of
leverage and the liquidation preference of any outstanding
preferred stock).
Our average monthly Managed Assets are determined for the
purpose of calculating the management fee by taking the average
of the monthly determinations of Managed Assets during a given
calendar quarter. The fees are payable for each calendar quarter
within five days after the end of that quarter. The advisory
agreement has a term ending on the second anniversary of this
offering and may be continued from year to year thereafter as
provided in the 1940 Act. The basis for the Board of
Directors initial approval of the advisory agreement will
be provided in our initial stockholder report. The basis for
subsequent continuations
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of the advisory agreement will be provided in annual or
semi-annual reports to stockholders for the periods during which
such continuations occur.
Our stockholders will indirectly bear all expenses not
specifically assumed by our Adviser incurred in our operations
and will bear the expenses related to all future offerings.
Expenses our stockholders will bear will include, but are not
limited to, the following: (1) expenses of maintaining and
continuing our existence and related overhead, including, to the
extent services are provided by personnel of our Adviser or its
affiliates, office space and facilities, training and benefits;
(2) our registration under the 1940 Act;
(3) commissions, spreads, fees and other expenses connected
with the acquisition, holding and disposition of securities and
other investments, including placement and similar fees in
connection with direct placements entered into on our behalf;
(4) auditing, accounting, tax and legal service expenses;
(5) taxes and interest; (6) governmental fees;
(7) expenses of listing our shares with a stock exchange,
and expenses of issue, sale, repurchase and redemption (if any)
of our interests; (8) expenses of registering and
qualifying us and our shares under federal and state securities
laws and of preparing and filing registration statements and
amendments for such purposes; (9) expenses of communicating
with stockholders, including website expenses and the expenses
of preparing, printing and mailing press releases, reports and
other notices to stockholders and of meetings of stockholders
and proxy solicitations therefor; (10) expenses of reports
to governmental officers and commissions; (11) insurance
expenses; (12) association membership dues; (13) fees,
expenses and disbursements of custodians and subcustodians for
all services to us (including without limitation safekeeping of
funds, securities and other investments, keeping of books,
accounts and records, and determination of NAVs);
(14) fees, expenses and disbursements of transfer agents,
dividend and interest paying agents, stockholder servicing
agents and registrars for all services to us;
(15) compensation and expenses of our directors who are not
members of our Advisers organization; (16) pricing,
valuation and other consulting or analytical services employed
by us; (17) all expenses incurred in connection with
leveraging our assets through a line of credit or other
indebtedness or issuing and maintaining notes or preferred
stock; (18) all expenses incurred in connection with
offerings of our common and preferred stock and debt securities;
and (19) such non-recurring items as may arise, including
expenses incurred in connection with litigation, proceedings and
claims and our obligation to indemnify our directors and
officers with respect thereto.
DETERMINATION
OF NET ASSET VALUE
We compute the NAV of our common stock as of the close of
trading of the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) no
less frequently than the last business day of each calendar
month and at such other times as the Board of Directors may
determine. When considering an offering of common stock, we
calculate our NAV on a more frequent basis, generally daily, to
the extent necessary to comply with the provisions of the 1940
Act. We currently intend to make our NAV available for
publication weekly on our Advisers website. The NAV per
share of common stock equals our NAV divided by the number of
outstanding shares of common stock. Our NAV equals the value of
our total assets (the value of the securities held plus cash or
other assets, including distributions and interest accrued but
not yet received and net deferred tax assets) less: (i) all
of our liabilities (including accrued expenses and both current
and net deferred tax liabilities); (ii) accumulated and
unpaid distributions on any outstanding preferred stock;
(iii) the aggregate liquidation preference of any
outstanding preferred stock; (iv) accrued and unpaid
interest payments on any outstanding indebtedness; (v) the
aggregate principal amount of any outstanding indebtedness; and
(vi) any distributions payable on our common stock.
We will determine the value of our assets and liabilities in
accordance with valuation procedures adopted by our Board of
Directors. Securities for which market quotations are readily
available will be valued at market value. If a
market value cannot be obtained or if our Adviser determines
that the value of a security as so obtained does not accurately
represent value as of the measurement date (due to a significant
development subsequent to the time its price is determined or
otherwise), value for the security will be determined pursuant
to the methodologies established by our Board of Directors.
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The value for equity securities and equity-related securities is
determined by using readily available market quotations from the
principal market. For equity and equity-related securities that
are freely tradable and listed on a securities exchange or
over-the-counter
market, value is determined using the
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last sale price on that exchange or
over-the-counter
market on the measurement date. If the security is listed on
more than one exchange, we will use the price of the exchange
that we consider to be the principal exchange on which the
security is traded. If a security is traded on the measurement
date, then the last reported sale price on the exchange or
over-the-counter
(OTC) market on which the security is principally
traded, up to the time of valuation, is used. If there were no
reported sales on the securitys principal exchange or OTC
market on the measurement date, then the average between the
last bid price and last asked price, as reported by the pricing
service, will be used. We will obtain direct written
broker-dealer quotations if a security is not traded on an
exchange or quotations are not available from an approved
pricing service.
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An equity security of a publicly traded company acquired in a
private placement transaction without registration is subject to
restrictions on resale that can affect the securitys
liquidity and value. Such securities that are convertible into
publicly traded common shares or securities that may be sold
pursuant to Rule 144, will generally be valued based on the
value of the freely tradable common share counterpart less an
applicable discount. Generally, the discount will initially be
equal to the discount at which we purchased the securities. To
the extent that such securities are convertible or otherwise
become freely tradable within a timeframe that may be reasonably
determined, an amortization schedule may be determined for the
discount.
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Short-term securities, including bonds, notes, debentures and
other fixed income securities, and money market instruments such
as certificates of deposit, commercial paper, bankers
acceptances and obligations of domestic and foreign banks, with
remaining maturities of 60 days or less are valued on an
amortized cost basis.
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Other assets will be valued pursuant to written valuation
procedures adopted by our Board of Directors, or if a market
value cannot be obtained or if our Adviser determines that the
value of a security as so obtained does not accurately represent
value as of the measurement date (due to a significant
development subsequent to the time its price is determined or
otherwise), value will be determined pursuant to the
methodologies established by our Board of Directors.
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Valuations of public company securities determined pursuant to
fair value methodologies will be presented to our Board of
Directors or a designated committee thereof for approval at the
next regularly scheduled board meeting.
DISTRIBUTIONS
We intend to pay out substantially all of our DCF to holders of
common stock through quarterly distributions. DCF is the amount
we receive as cash or
paid-in-kind
distributions from MLPs or affiliates of MLPs in which we will
invest and interest payments on short-term debt securities we
own, less current or anticipated operating expenses, taxes on
our taxable income, and leverage costs paid by us (including
leverage costs of any preferred stock, short-term debt
securities and borrowings under any credit facility). Our Board
of Directors has adopted a policy to target distributions to
common stockholders in an amount equal to at least 95% of DCF on
an annual basis. It is expected that we will declare a
distribution to holders of common stock approximately 45 to 60
days following the completion of this offering and pay a
distribution no later than November 30, 2010. Subsequent
distributions will be paid each fiscal quarter thereafter out of
DCF, if any. There is no assurance that we will continue to make
regular distributions. All realized capital gains, if any, net
of applicable taxes, will be retained by us.
If a stockholders shares are registered directly with us
or with a brokerage firm that participates in our Dividend
Reinvestment Plan (the Plan), distributions will be
automatically reinvested in additional common stock under the
Plan unless a stockholder elects to receive distributions in
cash. If a stockholder elects to receive distributions in cash,
payment will be made by check. The federal income tax treatment
of distributions is the same whether they are reinvested in our
shares or received in cash. See Automatic Dividend
Reinvestment Plan.
The yield on our common stock will likely vary from period to
period depending on various factors, including market
conditions; the timing and type of our investments in portfolio
securities; the securities
37
comprising our portfolio; changes in interest rates (including
changes in the relationship between short-term rates and
long-term rates); the amount and timing of the use of leverage
by us; the effects of leverage on our common stock (discussed
above under Leverage); the timing of investing the
offering proceeds and leverage proceeds in portfolio securities;
and our net assets and operating expenses. Consequently, we
cannot guarantee any particular yield on our common stock, and
the yield for any given period is not an indication or
representation of future yields on the common shares.
AUTOMATIC
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN
General
Our Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the Plan)
will allow participating common stockholders to reinvest
distributions in additional shares of our common stock. Shares
of common stock will be issued by us under the Plan when our
common stock is trading at a premium to NAV. If our common stock
is trading at a discount to NAV, shares issued under the Plan
will be purchased on the open market. Shares of common stock
issued directly from us under the Plan will be acquired at the
greater of (1) NAV at the close of business on the payment
date of the distribution, or (2) 95% of the market price
per common share on the payment date. Common stock issued under
the Plan when shares are trading at a discount to NAV will be
purchased in the market at market price or a negotiated price
determined by the Plan Agent, Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
(the Plan Agent).
Automatic
Dividend Reinvestment
If a stockholders shares are registered directly with us
or with a brokerage firm that participates in our Plan through
the facilities of The Depository Trust & Clearing
Corporation (DTC) and such stockholders
account is coded dividend reinvestment by such brokerage firm,
all distributions are automatically reinvested for stockholders
by the Plan Agent, in additional shares of our common stock
(unless a stockholder is ineligible or elects otherwise). If a
stockholders shares are registered with a brokerage firm
that participates in the Plan through the facilities of DTC, but
such stockholders account is not coded dividend
reinvestment by such brokerage firm or if a stockholders
shares are registered with a brokerage firm that does not
participate in the Plan through the facilities of DTC, a
stockholder will need to ask its investment executive what
arrangements can be made to set up their account to participate
in the Plan. In either case, until such arrangements are made, a
stockholder will receive distributions in cash.
Stockholders who elect not to participate in the Plan will
receive all distributions payable in cash paid by check mailed
directly to the stockholder of record (or, if the shares are
held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee) by
the Plan Agent, as dividend paying agent. Participation in the
Plan is completely voluntary and may be terminated or resumed at
any time without penalty by giving written, telephone or
internet instructions to the Plan Agent; such termination will
be effective with respect to a particular distribution if notice
is received prior to the record date for such distribution.
Whenever we declare a distribution payable either in shares or
in cash, non-participants in the Plan will receive cash, and
participants in the Plan will receive the equivalent in shares
of common stock. The shares are acquired by the Plan Agent for
the participants account, depending upon the circumstances
described below, either (i) through receipt of additional
shares of common stock from us (Additional Common
Stock) or (ii) by purchase of outstanding common
stock on the open market (open-market purchases) on
the NYSE or elsewhere. If, on the payment date, the NAV per
share of our common stock is equal to or less than the market
price per share of our common stock plus estimated brokerage
commissions (such condition being referred to herein as
market premium), the Plan Agent will receive
Additional Common Stock from us for each participants
account. The number of shares of Additional Common Stock to be
credited to the participants account will be determined by
dividing the dollar amount of the dividend or distribution by
the greater of (i) the NAV per share of common stock on the
payment date, or (ii) 95% of the market price per share of
common stock on the payment date.
If, on the payment date, the NAV per share of common stock
exceeds the market price plus estimated brokerage commissions
(such condition being referred to herein as market
discount), the Plan Agent will invest the distribution
amount in shares acquired in open-market purchases as soon as
practicable but not
38
later than 30 days following the payment date. We expect
to declare and pay quarterly distributions. The weighted average
price (including brokerage commissions) of all common stock
purchased by the Plan Agent as Plan Agent will be the price per
share of common stock allocable to each participant.
The Plan Agent maintains all stockholders accounts in the
Plan and furnishes written confirmation of each acquisition made
for the participants account as soon as practicable, but
in no event later than 60 days after the date thereof.
Shares in the account of each Plan participant will be held by
the Plan Agent in non-certificated form in the Plan Agents
name or that of its nominee, and each stockholders proxy
will include those shares purchased or received pursuant to the
Plan. The Plan Agent will forward all proxy solicitation
materials to participants and vote proxies for shares held
pursuant to the Plan first in accordance with the instructions
of the participants, and then with respect to any proxies not
returned by such participant, in the same proportion as the Plan
Agent votes the proxies returned by the participants.
There will be no brokerage charges with respect to shares issued
directly by us as a result of distributions payable either in
shares or in cash. However, each participant will pay a per
share fee (currently $0.05) with respect to the Plan
Agents open-market purchases in connection with the
reinvestment of distributions. If a participant elects to have
the Plan Agent sell part or all of his or her shares of common
stock and remit the proceeds, such participant will be charged
his or her pro rata share of brokerage commissions on the shares
sold plus a $15.00 transaction fee.
The automatic reinvestment of distributions will not relieve
participants of any federal, state or local income tax that may
be payable (or required to be withheld) on such distributions.
See Certain Federal Income Tax Matters.
Stockholders participating in the Plan may receive benefits not
available to stockholders not participating in the Plan. If the
market price plus commissions of our shares of common stock is
higher than the NAV, participants in the Plan will receive
shares of our common stock at less than they could otherwise
purchase such shares and will have shares with a cash value
greater than the value of any cash distribution they would have
received on their shares. If the market price plus commissions
is below the NAV, participants will receive distributions of
shares of common stock with a NAV greater than the value of any
cash distribution they would have received on their shares.
However, there may be insufficient shares available in the
market to make distributions in shares at prices below the NAV.
In addition, because we do not redeem our shares, the price on
resale may be more or less than the NAV. See Certain
Federal Income Tax Matters for a discussion of tax
consequences of the Plan.
Experience under the Plan may indicate that changes are
desirable. Accordingly, we reserve the right to amend or
terminate the Plan if in the judgment of the Board of Directors
such a change is warranted. The Plan may be terminated by the
Plan Agent or by us upon notice in writing mailed to each
participant at least 60 days prior to the effective date of
the termination. Upon any termination, the Plan Agent will cause
a certificate or certificates to be issued for the full shares
held by each participant under the Plan and cash adjustment for
any fraction of a share of common stock at the then-current
market value of the common stock to be delivered to him or her.
If preferred, a participant may request the sale of all of the
shares of common stock held by the Plan Agent in his or her Plan
account in order to terminate participation in the Plan. If such
participant elects in advance of such termination to have the
Plan Agent sell part or all of his or her shares, the Plan Agent
is authorized to deduct from the proceeds a $15.00 fee plus a
$0.05 fee per share for the transaction. If a participant has
terminated his or her participation in the Plan but continues to
have shares of common stock registered in his or her name, he or
she may re-enroll in the Plan at any time by notifying the Plan
Agent in writing at the address below. The terms and conditions
of the Plan may be amended by the Plan Agent or by us at any
time. Any such amendments to the Plan may be made by mailing to
each participant appropriate written notice at least
30 days prior to the effective date of the amendment,
except when necessary or appropriate to comply with applicable
law or the rules or policies of the SEC or any other regulatory
authority, such prior notice does not apply. The amendment shall
be deemed to be accepted by each participant unless, prior to
the effective date thereof, the Plan Agent receives notice of
the termination of the participants account under the
Plan. Any such amendment may include an appointment by the Plan
Agent of a successor Plan Agent, subject to the prior written
approval of the successor Plan Agent by us.
39
All correspondence concerning the Plan should be directed to
Computershare Trust Company, N.A.,
P.O. Box 43078, Providence, Rhode Island 02940.
Cash
Purchase Option
In the future, we may amend the Plan to implement a cash
purchase option, whereby participants in the Plan may elect to
purchase additional shares of common stock through optional cash
investments in limited amounts on a monthly or other periodic
basis. If and when we implement the cash purchase option under
the Plan, common stockholders will receive notice 60 days
prior to its implementation and further details, including
information on the offering price and other terms, the frequency
of offerings and how to participate in the cash purchase option.
DESCRIPTION
OF SECURITIES
The information contained under this heading is only a summary
and is subject to the provisions contained in our Charter and
Bylaws and the laws of the State of Maryland.
Common
Stock
General. Our Charter authorizes us to issue up
to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par
value per share. The Board of Directors may, without any action
by the stockholders, amend our Charter from time to time to
increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or
the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we
have authority to issue under our Charter and the 1940 Act. In
addition, our Charter authorizes our Board of Directors, without
any action by our stockholders, to classify and reclassify any
unissued common stock and preferred stock into other classes or
series of stock from time to time by setting or changing the
terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to distributions, qualifications
and terms and conditions of redemption for each class or series.
Although we have no present intention of doing so, we could
issue a class or series of stock that could delay, defer or
prevent a transaction or a change in control of us that might
otherwise be in the stockholders best interests. Under
Maryland law, stockholders generally are not liable for our
debts or obligations.
All common stock offered pursuant to this prospectus will be,
upon issuance, duly authorized, fully paid and nonassessable.
All outstanding common stock offered pursuant to this prospectus
will be of the same class and will have identical rights, as
described below. Holders of shares of common stock are entitled
to receive distributions when authorized by the Board of
Directors and declared by us out of assets legally available for
the payment of distributions. Holders of common stock have no
preference, conversion, exchange, sinking fund, redemption or
appraisal rights and have no preemptive rights to subscribe for
any of our securities. All shares of common stock have equal
distribution, liquidation and other rights.
Limitations on Distributions. If any shares of
preferred stock are outstanding, holders of shares of common
stock will not be entitled to receive any distributions from us
unless we have paid all accumulated distributions on preferred
stock, and unless asset coverage (as defined in the 1940 Act)
with respect to preferred stock would be at least 200% after
giving effect to such distributions. See Leverage.
If any senior securities representing indebtedness are
outstanding, holders of shares of common stock will not be
entitled to receive any distributions from us unless we have
paid all accrued interest on such senior indebtedness, and
unless asset coverage (as defined in the 1940 Act) with respect
to any outstanding senior indebtedness would be at least 300%
after giving effect to such distributions. See
Leverage.
Liquidation Rights. Common stockholders are
entitled to share ratably in the assets legally available for
distribution to stockholders in the event of liquidation,
dissolution or winding up, after payment of or adequate
provision for all known debts and liabilities, including any
outstanding debt securities or other borrowings and any interest
accrued thereon. These rights are subject to the preferential
rights of any other class or series of our stock, including any
preferred stock. The rights of common stockholders upon
liquidation, dissolution or winding up would be subordinated to
the rights of holders of any preferred stock or senior
securities representing indebtedness.
40
Voting Rights. Each outstanding share of
common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters
submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of
directors. The presence of the holders of shares of stock
entitled to cast a majority of the votes entitled to be cast
(without regard to class) shall constitute a quorum at a meeting
of stockholders. Our Charter provides that, except as otherwise
provided in the Bylaws, directors shall be elected by the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of
stock outstanding and entitled to vote thereon. The Bylaws
provide that directors are elected by a plurality of all the
votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which
a quorum is present. There is no cumulative voting in the
election of directors. Consequently, at each annual meeting of
stockholders, the holders of a majority of the outstanding
shares of stock entitled to vote will be able to elect all of
the successors of the class of directors whose terms expire at
that meeting. Pursuant to the 1940 Act, holders of preferred
stock will have the right to elect two directors at all times.
Pursuant to our Charter and Bylaws, the Board of Directors may
amend the Bylaws to alter the vote required to elect directors.
Under the rules of the NYSE applicable to listed companies, we
normally will be required to hold an annual meeting of
stockholders in each fiscal year. If we are converted to an
open-end company or if for any other reason the shares are no
longer listed on the NYSE (or any other national securities
exchange the rules of which require annual meetings of
stockholders), we may amend our Bylaws so that we are not
otherwise required to hold annual meetings of stockholders.
Market. Our common stock is expected to trade
on the NYSE under the ticker symbol NTG.
Transfer Agent, Dividend Paying Agent and Automatic Dividend
Reinvestment Plan Agent. Computershare
Trust Company, N.A., P.O. Box 43078, Providence,
Rhode Island 02940, will serve as the transfer agent and agent
for the Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan for our common
stock and the dividend paying agent for our common stock.
Preferred
Stock
General. Our Charter authorizes the issuance
of up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par
value per share, with preferences, conversion or other rights,
voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to distributions,
qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption as
determined by the Board of Directors.
Our Board of Directors may, without any action by our
stockholders, amend our Charter from time to time to increase or
decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number
of shares of stock of any class or series that we have authority
to issue under our Charter and under the 1940 Act. In addition,
our Charter authorizes the Board of Directors, without any
action by the stockholders, to classify and reclassify any
unissued preferred stock into other classes or series of stock
from time to time by setting or changing the terms, preferences,
conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions,
limitations as to distributions, qualifications and terms and
conditions of redemption for each class or series.
Distributions. Holders of any preferred stock
will be entitled to receive cash distributions, when, as and if
authorized by the Board of Directors and declared by us, out of
funds legally available therefor. The prospectus for any
preferred stock will describe the distribution payment
provisions for those shares. Distributions so declared and
payable shall be paid to the extent permitted under Maryland law
and to the extent available and in preference to and priority
over any distribution declared and payable on the common stock.
Because of our emphasis on investments in MLPs and their
affiliates, which are expected to generate cash in excess of the
taxable income allocated to holders, it is possible that
distributions payable on preferred stock could exceed our
current and accumulated earnings and profits, which would be
treated for federal income tax purposes as a tax-deferred return
of capital to the extent of the basis of the shares on which the
distribution is paid and thereafter as gain from the sale or
exchange of the preferred stock.
Limitations on Distributions. If we have
senior securities representing indebtedness outstanding, holders
of preferred stock will not be entitled to receive any
distributions from us unless asset coverage (as defined in the
1940 Act) with respect to outstanding debt securities and
preferred stock would be at least 200% after giving effect to
such distributions. See Leverage.
41
Liquidation Rights. In the event of any
voluntary or our involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding
up, the holders of preferred stock would be entitled to receive
a preferential liquidating distribution, which is expected to
equal the original purchase price per share plus accumulated and
unpaid distributions, whether or not declared, before any
distribution of assets is made to holders of common stock. After
payment of the full amount of the liquidating distribution to
which they are entitled, the holders of preferred stock will not
be entitled to any further participation in any distribution of
our assets. Preferred stock ranks junior to our debt securities
upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up.
Voting Rights. Except as otherwise indicated
in our Charter or Bylaws, or as otherwise required by applicable
law, holders of any preferred stock will have one vote per share
and vote together with holders of common stock as a single class.
The 1940 Act requires that the holders of any preferred stock,
voting separately as a single class, have the right to elect at
least two directors at all times. The remaining directors will
be elected by holders of common stock and preferred stock,
voting together as a single class. In addition, subject to the
prior rights, if any, of the holders of any other class of
senior securities outstanding, the holders of any shares of
preferred stock have the right to elect a majority of the
directors at any time two years accumulated distributions
on any preferred stock are unpaid. The 1940 Act also requires
that, in addition to any approval by stockholders that might
otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of a majority
of shares of any outstanding preferred stock, voting separately
as a class, would be required to (i) adopt any plan of
reorganization that would adversely affect the preferred stock,
and (ii) take any action requiring a vote of security
holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including,
among other things, changes in our subclassification as a
closed-end investment company or changes in our fundamental
investment restrictions. See Certain Provisions in Our
Charter and Bylaws. As a result of these voting rights,
our ability to take any such actions may be impeded to the
extent that any shares of our preferred stock are outstanding.
The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of any
outstanding preferred stock, voting as a separate class, will be
required to amend, alter or repeal any of the preferences,
rights or powers of holders of preferred stock so as to affect
materially and adversely such preferences, rights or powers. The
class vote of holders of preferred stock described above will in
each case be in addition to any other vote required to authorize
the action in question.
CERTAIN
PROVISIONS IN OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS
The following description of certain provisions of our Charter
and Bylaws is only a summary. For a complete description, please
refer to our Charter and Bylaws, which have been filed as
exhibits to our registration statement on
Form N-2,
of which this prospectus forms a part.
Our Charter and Bylaws include provisions that could delay,
defer or prevent other entities or persons from acquiring
control of us, causing us to engage in certain transactions or
modifying our structure. Furthermore, these provisions can have
the effect of depriving stockholders of the opportunity to sell
their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by
discouraging third parties from seeking to obtain control of us.
These provisions, all of which are summarized below, may be
regarded as anti-takeover provisions.
Classification
of the Board of Directors; Election of Directors
Our Charter provides that the number of directors may be
established only by the Board of Directors pursuant to the
Bylaws, but may not be less than one. The Bylaws provide that
the number of directors may not be greater than nine. Subject to
any applicable limitations of the 1940 Act, any vacancy may be
filled, at any regular meeting or at any special meeting called
for that purpose, only by a majority of the remaining directors,
even if those remaining directors do not constitute a quorum.
Pursuant to our Charter, the Board of Directors is divided into
three classes: Class I, Class II and Class III.
Upon the expiration of their current terms, which expire in
2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively, directors of each class will
be elected to serve for three-year terms and until their
successors are duly elected and qualify. Each year only one
class of directors
42
will be elected by the stockholders. The classification of the
Board of Directors should help to assure the continuity and
stability of our strategies and policies as determined by the
Board of Directors.
The classified Board provision could have the effect of making
the replacement of incumbent directors more time-consuming and
difficult. At least two annual meetings of stockholders, instead
of one, will generally be required to effect a change in a
majority of the Board of Directors. Thus, the classified Board
provision could increase the likelihood that incumbent directors
will retain their positions. The staggered terms of directors
may delay, defer or prevent a change in control of the Board of
Directors, even though a change in control might be in the best
interests of the stockholders.
Removal
of Directors
Our Charter provides that, subject to the rights of holders of
one or more classes of preferred stock, a director may be
removed only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of at
least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast in the
election of directors. This provision, when coupled with the
provision in the Bylaws authorizing only the Board of Directors
to fill vacant directorships, precludes stockholders from
removing incumbent directors, except for cause and by a
substantial affirmative vote, and filling the vacancies created
by the removal with nominees of stockholders.
Approval
of Extraordinary Corporate Action; Amendment of Charter and
Bylaws
Under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation generally cannot
dissolve, amend its charter, merge, sell all or substantially
all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in
similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business,
unless declared advisable by the Board of Directors and approved
by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at
least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
However, a Maryland corporation may provide in its charter for
stockholder approval of these matters by a lesser percentage,
but not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be
cast on the matter. Subject to certain exceptions described
below, our Charter provides for approval of Charter amendments
by the stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the
votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter provides
that (1) our liquidation or dissolution, or any merger,
consolidation, share exchange or sale or exchange of all or
substantially all of our assets that requires the approval of
our stockholders under the Maryland General Corporation Law,
(2) certain transactions between us and any person or group
of persons acting together and any person controlling,
controlled by or under common control with any such person or
member of such group, that may exercise or direct the exercise
of 10% or more of our voting power in the election of directors,
(3) any amendment to our charter that would convert us from
a closed-end
investment company to an
open-end
investment company or otherwise make our common stock a
redeemable security and (4) any amendment to certain
provisions of our charter, including the provisions relating to
the number, qualifications, classification, election and removal
of directors, requires the approval of the stockholders entitled
to cast at least 80% of the votes entitled to be cast on such
matter. If such a proposal is approved by at least two-thirds of
our Continuing Directors (defined below), in addition to
approval by the full Board, such proposal may be approved by the
stockholders entitled to cast a majority of the votes entitled
to be cast on such matter or, in the case of transactions with a
group described above, by the vote, if any, of the stockholders
required by applicable law. The Continuing Directors
are defined in our charter as (i) our current Directors,
(ii) those Directors whose nomination for election by the
stockholders or whose election by the Directors to fill
vacancies is approved by a majority of Continuing Directors then
on the Board and (iii) any successor directors whose
nomination for election by the stockholders or whose election by
the directors to fill vacancies is approved by a majority of the
Continuing Directors then in office. This provision could make
it more difficult for certain extraordinary transactions to be
approved if they are opposed by the Continuing Directors, and
discourage proxy contests for control of the our Board by
persons wishing to cause such transactions to take place.
Our Charter and Bylaws provide that the Board of Directors will
have the exclusive power to make, alter, amend or repeal any
provision of our Bylaws.
43
Advance
Notice of Director Nominations and New Business
The Bylaws provide that, with respect to an annual meeting of
stockholders, nominations of persons for election to the Board
of Directors and the proposal of business to be considered by
stockholders may be made only (1) pursuant to notice of the
meeting, (2) by or at the direction of the Board of
Directors, or (3) by a stockholder who is entitled to vote
at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice
procedures of the Bylaws. With respect to special meetings of
stockholders, only the business specified in the Companys
notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting.
Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors at
a special meeting may be made only (1) pursuant to our
notice of the meeting, (2) by or at the direction of the
Board of Directors, or (3) provided that the Board of
Directors has determined that directors will be elected at the
meeting, by a stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting
and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the
Bylaws.
Stockholder-Requested
Special Meetings
Our Bylaws provide that special meetings of stockholders may be
called by our Board of Directors and certain of our officers.
Additionally, the charter and Bylaws provide that, subject to
the satisfaction of certain procedural and informational
requirements by the stockholders requesting the meeting, a
special meeting of stockholders will be called by the secretary
of the Company upon the written request of stockholders entitled
to cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be
cast at such meeting.
Action by
Stockholders
Under Maryland law, stockholder action can be taken only at an
annual or special meeting of stockholders or, unless the charter
provides for stockholder action by less than unanimous written
consent (which is not the case for our Charter), by unanimous
written consent in lieu of a meeting.
CLOSED-END
COMPANY STRUCTURE
We are a non-diversified closed-end investment company and as
such our stockholders will not have the right to cause us to
redeem their shares. Instead, our common stock trades in the
open market at a price that will be a function of several
factors, including distribution levels (which are in turn
affected by expenses), NAV, call protection, distribution
stability, portfolio credit quality, relative demand for and
supply of such shares in the market, general market and economic
conditions and other factors.
Shares of closed-end companies frequently trade at a discount to
their NAV. This characteristic of shares of closed-end
management investment companies is a risk separate and distinct
from the risk that our NAV may decrease as a result of
investment activities. To the extent our common shares do trade
at a discount, the Board of Directors may from time to time
engage in open-market repurchases or tender offers for shares
after balancing the benefit to stockholders of the increase in
the NAV per share resulting from such purchases against the
decrease in our assets, the potential increase in the ratio of
our expenses to our assets and the decrease in asset coverage
with respect to any outstanding preferred stock. The Board of
Directors believes that, in addition to the beneficial effects
described above, any such purchase or tender offers may result
in the temporary narrowing of any discount but will not have any
long-term effect on the level of any discount. There is no
guarantee or assurance that the Board of Directors will decide
to engage in any of these actions. Nor is there any guarantee or
assurance that such actions, if undertaken, would result in the
shares trading at a price equal or close to NAV per share. Any
share repurchase or tender offers will be made in accordance
with requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
Exchange Act), the 1940 Act and the principal stock
exchange on which the common shares are traded.
44
Conversion to an open-end mutual fund is extremely unlikely in
light of our investment objective and policies and would require
approval of our Board of Directors and stockholder approval to
amend our Charter. If we converted to an open-end mutual fund,
we would be required to redeem all senior notes and preferred
shares then outstanding (requiring us, in turn, to liquidate a
significant portion of our investment portfolio), and our common
stock would no longer be listed on the NYSE or any other
exchange. In contrast to a closed-end investment company,
shareholders of an open-end investment company require a fund to
redeem its shares of common stock at any time (except in certain
circumstances as authorized by the 1940 Act or the rules
thereunder) at their NAV, without the discount commonly
associated with closed-end investment companies. Open-end
investment companies engage in a continuous offering of their
shares and may maintain large cash positions or liquidate
favorable investments to meet redemptions. Open-end investment
companies are thus subject to periodic asset in-flows and
out-flows that can complicate portfolio management. In addition,
certain of our investment policies and restrictions are
incompatible with the requirements applicable to an open-end
investment company. Accordingly, conversion to an open-end
investment company would require material changes to our
investment policies.
45
CERTAIN
FEDERAL INCOME TAX MATTERS
The following is a general summary of certain federal income tax
considerations affecting us and our stockholders. This
discussion does not purport to be complete or to deal with all
aspects of federal income taxation that may be relevant to
stockholders in light of their particular circumstances or who
are subject to special rules, such as banks, thrift institutions
and certain other financial institutions, real estate investment
trusts, regulated investment companies, insurance companies,
brokers and dealers in securities or currencies, certain
securities traders, tax-exempt investors, individual retirement
accounts, certain tax-deferred accounts, foreign investors,
person who will hold the securities as a position in a
straddle, hedge or as part of a
constructive sale for federal income tax purposes.
In addition, this discussion does not address the possible
application of the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax.
Tax matters are very complicated, and the tax consequences of an
investment in and holding of our securities will depend on the
particular facts of each investors situation. Investors
are advised to consult their own tax advisors with respect to
the application to their own circumstances of the general
federal income taxation rules described below and with respect
to other federal, state, local or foreign tax consequences to
them before making an investment in our securities. Unless
otherwise noted, this discussion assumes that investors are
U.S. persons and hold our securities as capital assets. You
will be a U.S. holder if you are: (i) an individual
who is a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a
corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation created in
or organized under the laws of the United States, any state
thereof or the District of Columbia; (iii) an estate the income
of which is subject to federal income taxation regardless of its
source; or (iv) a trust (1) if a U.S. court is able to exercise
primary supervision over the administration of such trust and
one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all
substantial decisions of such trust or (2) that has a valid
election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to
be treated as a U.S. person.
If a partnership (including any other entity that is treated as
a partnership for federal income tax purposes) holds our common
shares, the federal income tax treatment of a partner in such
partnership generally will depend upon the status of the partner
and the activities of the partnership. Partners of a partnership
that holds our common shares should consult their tax adviser.
This summary is based on the provisions of the Internal Revenue
Code, the applicable Treasury regulations promulgated
thereunder, judicial authority and current administrative
rulings, as in effect on the date of this prospectus, all of
which may change. Any change could apply retroactively and could
affect the continued validity of this summary.
Company Federal Income Taxation. We are
treated as a C corporation for federal and state income tax
purposes. Thus, we are obligated to pay federal and state income
tax on our taxable income. We will invest our assets primarily
in equity securities of MLPs, which generally are treated as
partnerships for federal income tax purposes. As a partner in
the MLPs, we must report our allocable share of the MLPs
taxable income in computing our taxable income regardless of
whether the MLPs make any distributions. Based upon our review
of the historic results of the type of MLPs in which we intend
to invest, we expect that the cash flow received by us, at least
initially, with respect to our MLP investments will exceed the
taxable income allocated to us. There is no assurance that our
expectation regarding the tax character of MLP distributions
will be realized. In addition, we will take into account in
determining our taxable income the amounts of gain or loss
recognized on the sale of MLP interests. Currently, the maximum
regular federal income tax rate for a corporation is
35 percent. We may be subject to a 20 percent federal
alternative minimum tax on our alternative minimum taxable
income to the extent that the alternative minimum tax exceeds
our regular federal income tax. The extent to which we are
required to pay corporate income tax or alternative minimum tax
could materially reduce our cash available to make distributions
on the common shares.
We are not treated as a regulated investment company under the
Internal Revenue Code. The Internal Revenue Code generally
provides that a regulated investment company does not pay an
entity level income tax, provided that it distributes all or
substantially all of its income. Our assets do not, and are not
expected to, meet current tests for qualification as a regulated
investment company for federal income tax purposes. The
regulated investment company taxation rules therefore have no
application to us or to our stockholders. Although changes to
the federal income tax laws permit regulated investment
companies to invest up to 25% of their total assets in
46
securities of certain MLPs, such changes still would not allow
us to pursue our objective. Accordingly, we do not intend to
change our federal income tax status as a result of such
legislation.
Because we are treated as a corporation for federal income tax
purposes, our financial statements reflect deferred tax assets
or liabilities according to generally accepted accounting
principles. This differs from many closed-end funds that are
taxed as regulated investment companies under the Internal
Revenue Code. Deferred income taxes reflect (i) taxes on
unrealized gains/(losses), which are attributable to the
temporary difference between fair market value and tax basis,
(ii) the net tax effects of temporary differences between
the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial
reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes
and (iii) the net tax benefit of accumulated net operating
losses and capital losses. To the extent we have a deferred tax
asset, consideration is given as to whether or not a valuation
allowance is required. We will periodically assess the need to
establish a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets based on
the criterion established by the Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards, Accounting for Income Taxes
(SFAS No. 109) that it is more likely than
not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not
be realized. Our assessment considers, among other matters, the
nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses,
forecasts of future profitability (which are highly dependent on
future MLP cash distributions), the duration of statutory
carryforward periods and the associated risk that operating loss
and capital loss carryforwards may expire unused. In addition, a
substantial change in our ownership may limit our ability to
utilize our loss carryforwards. We will periodically review the
recoverability of deferred tax assets based on the weight of
available evidence. Accordingly, realization of a deferred tax
asset is dependent on whether there will be sufficient taxable
income of the appropriate character within the carryforward
periods to realize a portion or all of the deferred tax benefit.
We will accrue deferred federal income tax liability associated
with that portion of MLP distributions considered to be a
tax-deferred return of capital, as well as capital appreciation
of our investments. Upon the sale of an MLP security, we may be
liable for previously deferred taxes, if any. We will rely to
some extent on information provided by the MLPs, which is not
necessarily timely, to estimate deferred tax liability for
purposes of financial statement reporting and determining our
NAV. From time to time we will modify our estimates or
assumptions regarding our deferred tax liability as new
information becomes available.
Federal Income Tax Treatment of Holders of Common
Stock. Unlike a holder of a direct interest in
MLPs, a stockholder will not include its allocable share of our
income, gains, losses or deductions in computing its own taxable
income. Instead, since we are of the opinion that, under present
law, the common stock will constitute equity, distributions with
respect to such shares (other than distributions in redemption
of shares subject to Section 302(b) of the Internal Revenue
Code) will generally constitute dividends to the extent of our
allocable current or accumulated earnings and profits, as
calculated for federal income tax purposes. Generally, a
corporations earnings and profits are computed based upon
taxable income, with certain specified adjustments. As explained
above, based upon the historic performance of the MLPs, we
anticipate that the distributed cash from the MLPs will exceed
our share of the MLPs income and our gain on the sale of
MLP interests. Our current earnings and profits may be increased
if our portfolio turnover is increased. Thus, a reduction in the
return of capital portion of the distributions we receive from
the MLPs or an increase in our portfolio turnover may increase
our current earnings and profits and increase the portion of our
distributions treated as dividends as opposed to a tax deferred
return of capital. In addition, earnings and profits are treated
generally, for federal income tax purposes, as first being used
to pay distributions on preferred stock, and then to the extent
remaining, if any, to pay distributions on the common stock. To
the extent that distributions to a stockholder exceed our
current and accumulated earnings and profits, the
stockholders basis in shares of stock with respect to
which the distribution is made will be reduced, which may
increase the amount of gain realized upon the sale of such
shares. If a stockholder has no further basis in its shares, the
stockholder will report any excess distributions as capital gain
if the stockholder holds such shares as a capital asset.
Dividends of current or accumulated earnings and profits
generally will be taxable as ordinary income to holders but are
expected to be treated as qualified dividend income
that is generally subject to reduced rates of federal income
taxation for noncorporate investors and are also expected to be
eligible for the dividends received deduction available to
corporate stockholders under Section 243 of the Internal
Revenue Code. Under federal income tax law, qualified dividend
income received by individual and other noncorporate
stockholders
47
is taxed at long-term capital gain rates, which as of the date
of this prospectus reach a maximum of 15%. Qualified dividend
income generally includes dividends from domestic corporations
and dividends from
non-U.S. corporations
that meet certain criteria. To be treated as qualified dividend
income, the stockholder must hold the shares paying otherwise
qualifying dividend income more than 60 days during the
121-day
period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date. A
stockholders holding period may be reduced for purposes of
this rule if the stockholder engages in certain risk reduction
transactions with respect to the common stock. The provisions of
the Internal Revenue Code applicable to qualified dividend
income are effective through December 31, 2010. Thereafter,
higher federal income tax rates (up to 39.6%) will apply unless
further legislative action is taken.
Corporate holders should be aware that certain limitations apply
to the availability of the dividends received deduction,
including limitations on the aggregate amount of the deduction
that may be claimed and limitations based on the holding period
of the shares of common stock on which the dividend is paid,
which holding period may be reduced if the holder engages in
risk reduction transactions with respect to its shares.
Corporate holders should consult their own tax advisors
regarding the application of these limitations to their
particular situation.
If a common stockholder participates in our Automatic Dividend
Reinvestment Plan, such stockholder will be treated as receiving
the amount of the distributions made by the Company, which
amount generally will be either equal to the amount of the cash
distribution the stockholder would have received if the
stockholder had elected to receive cash or, for shares issued by
the Company, the fair market value of the shares issued to the
stockholder.
Sale of Shares. The sale of shares of common
stock by holders will generally be a taxable transaction for
federal income tax purposes. Holders of shares of stock who sell
such shares will generally recognize gain or loss in an amount
equal to the difference between the net proceeds of the sale and
their adjusted tax basis in the shares sold. If the shares are
held as a capital asset at the time of the sale, the gain or
loss will generally be a capital gain or loss. Similarly, a
redemption by us (including a redemption resulting from our
liquidation), if any, of all the shares actually and
constructively held by a stockholder generally will give rise to
capital gain or loss under Section 302(b) of the Internal
Revenue Code, provided that the redemption proceeds do not
represent declared but unpaid dividends. Other redemptions may
also give rise to capital gain or loss, but certain conditions
imposed by Section 302(b) of the Internal Revenue Code must
be satisfied to achieve such treatment.
Capital gain or loss will generally be long-term capital gain or
loss if the shares were held for more than one year and will be
short-term capital gain or loss if the disposed shares were held
for one year or less. Net long-term capital gain recognized by a
noncorporate U.S. holder generally will be subject to
federal income tax at a lower rate (currently a maximum rate of
15%, which rate is scheduled to increase to 20% for taxable
years after 2010) than net short-term capital gain or ordinary
income (currently a maximum rate of 35%, which rate is scheduled
to increase to 39.6% for taxable years after 2010). For
corporate holders, capital gain is generally taxed at the same
rate as ordinary income, that is, currently at a maximum rate of
35%. A holders ability to deduct capital losses may be
limited.
Losses on sales or other dispositions of shares may be
disallowed under wash sale rules in the event of
other investments in the Company (including those made pursuant
to reinvestment of dividends) or other substantially identical
stock or securities within a period of 61 days beginning
30 days before and ending 30 days after a sale or
other disposition of shares. In such a case, the disallowed
portion of any loss generally would be included in the
U.S. federal income tax basis of the shares acquired.
Stockholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding
their individual circumstances to determine whether any
particular transaction in the Companys shares is properly
treated as a sale for U.S. federal income tax purposes and
the tax treatment of any gains or losses recognized in such
transactions.
Medicare Tax. For taxable years beginning
after December 31, 2012, recently enacted legislation will
generally impose a 3.8 percent tax on the net investment
income of certain individuals with a modified adjusted gross
income of over $200,000 ($250,000 in the case of joint filers)
and on the undistributed net investment income of certain
estates and trusts. For these purposes, net investment
income will generally include
48
interest, dividends (including dividends paid with respect to
our stock), annuities, royalties, rent, net gain attributable to
the disposition of property not held in a trade or business
(including net gain from the sale, exchange or other taxable
disposition of shares of our stock) and certain other income,
but will be reduced by any deductions properly allocable to such
income or net gain.
Investment by Tax-Exempt Investors and Regulated Investment
Companies. Employee benefit plans, other
tax-exempt organizations and regulated investment companies may
want to invest in our securities. Employee benefit plans and
most other organizations exempt from federal income tax,
including individual retirement accounts and other retirement
plans, are subject to federal income tax on unrelated business
taxable income (UBTI). Because we are a corporation
for federal income tax purposes, an owner of shares of common
stock will not report on its federal income tax return any of
our items of income, gain, loss and deduction. Therefore, a
tax-exempt investor generally will not have UBTI attributable to
its ownership or sale of our common stock unless its ownership
of the stock is debt-financed. In general, stock would be
debt-financed if the tax-exempt owner of stock incurs debt to
acquire the stock or otherwise incurs or maintains debt that
would not have been incurred or maintained if the stock had not
been acquired.
For federal income tax purposes, a regulated investment company
or mutual fund, may not have more than 25% of the
value of its total assets, at the close of any quarter, invested
in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded
partnerships, which will include most MLPs. Shares of our common
stock are not securities of a qualified publicly traded
partnership and will not be treated as such for purposes of
calculating the limitation imposed upon regulated investment
companies.
Information and Backup Withholding. In
general, information reporting will apply to distributions in
respect of common stock and the proceeds from the sale, exchange
or other disposition of common stock that are paid to a U.S.
holder within the United States (and in certain cases, outside
the United States), unless the holder is an exempt recipient. In
addition, we may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, such payments payable to stockholders who
fail to provide us with their correct taxpayer identification
number, who fail to make required certifications or who have
been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
that they are subject to backup withholding (or if we have been
so notified). Certain corporate and other stockholders specified
in the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder are
exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an
additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the
stockholders U.S. federal income tax liability
provided the appropriate information is furnished to the IRS in
a timely manner.
Other Taxation. Foreign stockholders,
including stockholders who are nonresident alien individuals,
may be subject to U.S. withholding tax on certain
distributions at a rate of 30% or such lower rates as may be
prescribed by any applicable treaty. Our distributions also may
be subject to state and local taxes.
Recently Enacted Legislation. Beginning with
payments made after December 31, 2012, recently enacted
legislation will generally impose a 30% withholding tax on
dividends paid with respect to our common stock and the gross
proceeds from a disposition of our common stock paid to
(i) a foreign financial institution (as defined in
Section 1471(d)(4) of the Code) unless the foreign
financial institution enters into an agreement with the
U.S. Treasury Department to collect and disclose
information regarding its U.S. account holders (including
certain account holders that are foreign entities that have
U.S. owners) and satisfies certain other requirements, and
(ii) certain other
non-U.S. entities
unless the entity provides the payor with certain information
regarding direct and indirect U.S. owners of the entity, or
certifies that it has no such U.S. owners, and complies
with certain other requirements. You are encouraged to consult
with your own tax advisor regarding the possible implications of
this recently enacted legislation on your investment in our
common stock.
49
UNDERWRITERS
Under the terms and subject to the conditions of an underwriting
agreement dated as of the date of this prospectus, the
underwriters named below (the Underwriters), for
whom Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Citigroup
Global Markets Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce Fenner & Smith
Incorporated, UBS Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
are acting as representatives (the Representatives),
have severally agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell to
them, severally, the number of shares indicated below:
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Number of Shares
|
|
|
Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated
|
|
|
7,315,000
|
|
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
|
|
|
7,315,000
|
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated
|
|
|
8,700,000
|
|
UBS Securities LLC
|
|
|
5,700,000
|
|
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
|
|
|
4,440,000
|
|
Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated
|
|
|
840,000
|
|
Barclays Capital Inc.
|
|
|
705,000
|
|
Oppenheimer & Co. Inc.
|
|
|
1,250,000
|
|
RBC Capital Markets Corporation
|
|
|
1,620,000
|
|
BB&T Capital Markets, a division of Scott &
Stringfellow, LLC
|
|
|
625,000
|
|
Comerica Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
66,000
|
|
Davenport & Company LLC
|
|
|
270,000
|
|
Dominick & Dominick LLC
|
|
|
137,000
|
|
J.J.B. Hilliard, W.L. Lyons, LLC
|
|
|
92,000
|
|
Janney Montgomery Scott LLC
|
|
|
575,000
|
|
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc.
|
|
|
475,000
|
|
Maxim Group LLC
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc.
|
|
|
575,000
|
|
Southwest Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
35,000
|
|
Wedbush Securities Inc.
|
|
|
185,000
|
|
Wunderlich Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
440,000
|
|
Axiom Capital Management, Inc.
|
|
|
180,000
|
|
D.A. Davidson & Co.
|
|
|
106,000
|
|
Geoffrey Richards Securities Corp.
|
|
|
80,000
|
|
Crowell, Weedon & Co.
|
|
|
73,000
|
|
White Pacific Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
70,000
|
|
Paulson Investment Company, Inc.
|
|
|
65,000
|
|
David A. Noyes & Company
|
|
|
60,000
|
|
Henley & Company LLC
|
|
|
60,000
|
|
J. P. Turner & Company, LLC
|
|
|
45,000
|
|
Wayne Hummer Investments LLC
|
|
|
40,000
|
|
Joseph Gunnar & Co. LLC
|
|
|
40,000
|
|
Newbridge Securities Corporation
|
|
|
40,000
|
|
Westminster Financial Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
40,000
|
|
Source Capital Group, Inc.
|
|
|
18,000
|
|
Gilford Securities, Incorporated
|
|
|
18,000
|
|
Brean Murray, Carret & Co., LLC
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
Muriel Siebert & Co., Inc.
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
Feltl & Company
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
Andrew Garrett, Inc.
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
Lebenthal & Co, LLC
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
Huntleigh Securities Corporation
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
Howe Barnes Hoefer & Arnett, Inc.
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
Regal Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
Total:
|
|
|
42,400,000
|
|
The Underwriters are offering the shares of common stock subject
to their acceptance of the shares from us and subject to prior
sale. The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations
of the Underwriters to
50
pay for and accept delivery of the shares of common stock
offered by this prospectus are subject to the approval of
certain legal matters by their counsel and to certain other
conditions. The Underwriters are obligated to take and pay for
all of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus if
any such shares are taken. However, the Underwriters are not
required to take or pay for the shares covered by the
Underwriters over-allotment option described below.
The Underwriters initially propose to offer part of the shares
of common stock directly to the public at the offering price
listed on the cover page of this prospectus and part of the
shares to certain dealers at a price that represents a
concession not in excess of $0.75 per share of common stock
under the initial offering price. After the initial offering of
the shares of common stock, the offering price and other selling
terms may from time to time be varied by the Representatives.
The underwriting discounts and commissions (sales load) of
$1.125 per common share are equal to 4.5% of the initial
offering price. Investors must pay for any common shares
purchased on or before July 30, 2010.
We have granted to the Underwriters an option, exercisable for
45 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to
an aggregate of 6,153,000 shares of common stock at the
public offering price listed on the cover page of this
prospectus, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The
Underwriters may exercise this option solely for the purpose of
covering over-allotments, if any, made in connection with the
offering of the shares of common stock offered by this
prospectus. To the extent the option is exercised, each
Underwriter will become obligated, subject to certain
conditions, to purchase approximately the same percentage of the
additional shares of common stock as the number listed next to
the Underwriters name in the preceding table bears to the
total number of shares of common stock listed next to the names
of all Underwriters in the preceding table. If the
Underwriters over-allotment option is exercised in full,
the total price to the public would be $1,213,825,000, the total
Underwriters discount and commissions (sales load) would
be $54,622,125, and the total proceeds to us would be
$1,159,202,875.
The following table summarizes the estimated expenses and
compensation that we will pay:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per Common Share
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Without
|
|
With
|
|
Without
|
|
With
|
|
|
Over-allotment
|
|
Over-allotment
|
|
Over-allotment
|
|
Over-allotment
|
|
Public offering price
|
|
$
|
25.000
|
|
|
$
|
25.000
|
|
|
$
|
1,060,000,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,213,825,000
|
|
Sales load
|
|
$
|
1.125
|
|
|
$
|
1.125
|
|
|
$
|
47,700,000
|
|
|
$
|
54,622,125
|
|
Proceeds, before expenses, to the Company
|
|
$
|
23.875
|
|
|
$
|
23.875
|
|
|
$
|
1,012,300,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,159,202,875
|
|
The fees described below under Additional
Compensation to be Paid by Our Adviser are not
reimbursable to the Adviser by us, and are therefore not
reflected in expenses payable by us in the table above.
Offering expenses paid by us (other than sales load) will not
exceed $0.05 per share of common stock sold by us in this
offering. If the offering expenses referred to in the preceding
sentence exceed this amount, the Adviser will pay the excess and
will also pay all organizational expenses. The aggregate
offering expenses (excluding sales load) are estimated to be
$2,717,000 in total, $2,120,000 of which will be borne by us (or
$2,427,650 if the Underwriters exercise their over-allotment
option in full). See Summary of Company Expenses.
The Underwriters have informed us that they do not intend sales
to discretionary accounts to exceed five percent of the total
number of common shares offered by them.
In order to meet requirements for listing the common shares on
the New York Stock Exchange, the Underwriters have undertaken to
sell lots of 100 or more shares to a minimum of 400 beneficial
owners in the United States. The minimum investment requirement
is 100 common shares ($2,500).
Our common stock is expected to be approved for listing on the
New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol NTG.
We and all directors and officers and the holders of all of our
outstanding stock have agreed that, without the prior written
consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated,
Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Merrill
51
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, UBS Securities
LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC on behalf of the
Underwriters, we and they will not, during the period ending
180 days after the date of this prospectus:
|
|
|
|
|
offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or
contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell,
grant any option, right or warrant to purchase lend or otherwise
transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of
common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable
or exchangeable for shares of common stock;
|
|
|
|
file any registration statement with the Securities and Exchange
Commission relating to the offering of any shares of common
stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or
exchangeable for common stock; or
|
|
|
|
enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to
another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences
of ownership of the common stock;
|
whether any such transaction described above is to be settled by
delivery of common stock or such other securities, in cash or
otherwise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (i) during the
last 17 days of the
180-day
restricted period, we issue an earnings release or announce
material news or a material event relating to the Company; or
(ii) prior to the expiration of the
180-day
restricted period, we announce that we will release earnings
results during the
16-day
period beginning on the last day of the
180-day
restricted period, the restrictions described above shall
continue to apply until the expiration of the
18-day
period beginning on the date of the earnings release or the
announcement of the material news or material event. These
lock-up
agreements will not apply to the shares of common stock to be
sold pursuant to the underwriting agreement or any shares of
common stock issued pursuant to the Plan or any preferred share
issuance, if any.
In order to facilitate the offering of the common stock, the
Underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain
or otherwise affect the price of the common stock. Specifically,
the Underwriters may sell more shares than they are obligated to
purchase under the underwriting agreement, creating a short
position. A short sale is covered if the short position is no
greater than the number of shares available for purchase by the
Underwriters under the over-allotment option (exercisable for
45 days from the date of the prospectus). The Underwriters
can close out a covered short sale by exercising the
over-allotment option or purchasing shares in the open market.
In determining the source of shares to close out a covered short
sale, the Underwriters will consider, among other things, the
open market price of shares compared to the price available
under the over-allotment option. The Underwriters may also sell
shares of common stock in excess of the over-allotment option,
creating a naked short position. The Underwriters must close out
any naked short position by purchasing shares of common stock in
the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be
created if the Underwriters are concerned that there may be
downward pressure on the price of the common stock in the open
market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who
purchase in this offering. As an additional means of
facilitating this offering, the Underwriters may bid for, and
purchase, shares of common stock in the open market to stabilize
the price of the common stock. Finally, the underwriting
syndicate may also reclaim selling concessions allowed to an
Underwriter or a dealer for distributing the shares of common
stock in the offering, if the syndicate repurchases previously
distributed common shares in transactions to cover syndicate
short positions or to stabilize the price of the common shares.
Any of these activities may raise or maintain the market price
of the common stock above independent market levels or prevent
or retard a decline in the market price of the common stock. The
Underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and
may end any of these activities at any time.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public or private
market for the common shares or any other of our securities.
Consequently, the offering price for the common shares was
determined by negotiation among us, our Adviser and the
Representatives. There can be no assurance, however, that the
price at which the shares of common stock trade after this
offering will not be lower than the price at which they are sold
by the Underwriters or that an active trading market in the
common shares will develop and continue after this offering.
We anticipate that the Representatives and certain other
Underwriters may from time to time act as brokers and dealers in
connection with the execution of its portfolio transactions
after they have ceased to be Underwriters and, subject to
certain restrictions, may act as such brokers while they are
Underwriters.
52
In connection with this offering, certain of the Underwriters or
selected dealers may distribute prospectuses electronically. We,
the Adviser and the Underwriters have agreed to indemnify each
other against certain liabilities, including liabilities under
the Securities Act.
Prior to the public offering of common shares, our Adviser
purchased common shares from us in an amount satisfying the net
worth requirements of Section 14(a) of the 1940 Act. As of
the date of this prospectus, our Adviser owned 100% of the
outstanding common shares. Our Adviser may be deemed to control
us until such time as it owns less than 25% of the outstanding
shares of common stock, which is expected to occur as of the
completion of the offering of shares of common stock.
The principal business address of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated is 1585 Broadway, New York, New York
10036. The principal business address of Citigroup Global
Markets Inc. is 388 Greenwich Street, New York,
New York 10013. The principal business address of Merrill
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated is One
Bryant Park, New York, New York 10036. The principal
business address of UBS Securities LLC is 299 Park Avenue,
New York, New York 10171. The principal business
address of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC is 375 Park Avenue, New
York, New York 10152.
The Underwriters and their respective affiliates are full
service financial institutions engaged in various activities,
which may include securities trading, commercial and investment
banking, financial advisory, investment management, principal
investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. Certain
of the Underwriters or their respective affiliates from time to
time have provided in the past, and may provide in the future,
investment banking, securities trading, hedging, brokerage
activities, commercial lending and financial advisory services
to us, certain of our executive officers and our affiliates and
the Adviser and its affiliates in the ordinary course of
business, for which they have received, and may receive,
customary fees and expenses.
No action has been taken in any jurisdiction (except in the
United States) that would permit a public offering of the common
shares, or the possession, circulation or distribution of this
prospectus or any other material relating to us or the shares of
common stock in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose
is required. Accordingly, the shares of common stock may not be
offered or sold, directly or indirectly, and neither this
prospectus nor any other offering material or advertisements in
connection with the shares of common stock may be distributed or
published, in or from any country or jurisdiction except in
compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of any such
country or jurisdiction.
Our Adviser has entered into separate agreements with a
registered broker/dealer who is not one of the Underwriters.
Those agreements contemplate the delivery of marketing support
to our Adviser during the course of this offering, but that
marketing support is not expected to include any direct contact
with any prospective investor in this offering. The compensation
due pursuant to these agreements will be paid exclusively by our
Adviser and not by us.
Additional
Compensation to be Paid by Our Adviser
Our Adviser (and not us) has agreed to pay, from its own assets,
upfront marketing and structuring fees to Morgan
Stanley & Co. Incorporated in the amount of
$2,819,280.60, Citigroup Global Markets Inc. in the amount of
$2,819,955.60, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated in the amount of $3,326,963.29, UBS Securities LLC
in the amount of $2,178,690.41, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC in
the amount of $1,700,310.15, and Stifel, Nicolaus &
Company, Incorporated in the amount of $317,250.00. In contrast
to the underwriting discounts and commissions (earned under the
underwriting agreement by the underwriting syndicate as a
group), the marketing and structuring fees will be paid by our
Adviser for advice to our Adviser relating to the structure,
design and organization of the Company. These services are
unrelated to our Advisers function of advising us as to
its investments in securities or use of investment strategies
and investment techniques.
As part of the payment of our offering expenses, we have agreed
to pay expenses related to the reasonable fees and disbursements
of counsel to the Underwriters in connection with the review by
the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
(FINRA) of the terms of the sale of the common
shares, the filing fees incident to the filing of marketing
materials with FINRA and the transportation and other expenses
53
incurred by the Underwriters in connection with presentations to
prospective purchasers of the common shares. Such expenses will
not exceed $20,000 in the aggregate.
Total underwriting compensation determined in accordance with
FINRA rules is summarized as follows. The sales load that we
will pay of $1.125 per share is equal to 4.5% of gross proceeds.
We have agreed to reimburse the Underwriters the reasonable fees
and disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters in connection
with the review by FINRA of the terms of the sale of the shares
of common stock, the filing fees incident to the filing of
marketing materials with FINRA and the transportation and other
expenses incurred by the Underwriters in connection with
presentations to prospective purchasers of the shares of common
stock, in an amount not to exceed $20,000 in the aggregate,
which amount will not exceed 0.002% of gross proceeds. Our
Adviser (and not us) will pay marketing and structuring fees as
described above. Total compensation to the Underwriters will not
exceed 8.0% of gross proceeds.
54
ADMINISTRATOR,
CUSTODIAN AND FUND ACCOUNTANT
U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, 615 East Michigan
Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, will serve as our
administrator and provide certain back-office support such as
oversight and supervision of the payment of expenses and
preparation of financial statements and related schedules. We
will pay the administrator a monthly fee computed at an annual
rate of 0.04% of the first $1 billion of our assets, 0.01%
on the next $500 million of our assets and 0.005% on the
balance of our assets.
U.S. Bank National Association, 1555 N. River
Center Dr., Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212, will serve as our
custodian.
U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, 615 East Michigan
Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 will serve as our fund
accountant.
LEGAL
MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the securities offered
hereby will be passed upon for us by Husch Blackwell Sanders LLP
(HBS), Kansas City, Missouri. HBS may rely as to
certain matters of Maryland law on the opinion of Venable LLP,
Baltimore, Maryland. Certain legal matters in connection with
the offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Andrews
Kurth LLP, New York, New York.
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
We will be subject to the informational requirements of the
Exchange Act and the 1940 Act and will be required to file
reports, including annual and semi-annual reports, proxy
statements and other information with the SEC. We intend to
voluntarily file quarterly stockholder reports. These documents
will be available on the SECs EDGAR system and can be
inspected and copied for a fee at the SECs public
reference room, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580,
Washington, D.C. 20549. Additional information about the
operation of the public reference room facilities may be
obtained by calling the SEC at
(202) 551-5850.
This prospectus does not contain all of the information in our
registration statement, including amendments, exhibits, and
schedules. Statements in this prospectus about the contents of
any contract or other document are not necessarily complete and
in each instance reference is made to the copy of the contract
or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration
statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects
by this reference.
Additional information about us can be found in our Registration
Statement (including amendments, exhibits and schedules) on
Form N-2
filed with the SEC. The SEC maintains a web site
(http://www.sec.gov)
that contains our Registration Statement, other documents
incorporated by reference, and other information we have filed
electronically with the SEC.
55
TABLE OF
CONTENTS OF THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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Investment Limitations
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Investment Objective and Principal Investment Strategies
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Management of the Company
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Portfolio Transactions
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Net Asset Value
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Certain Federal Income Tax Matters
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Proxy Voting Policies
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Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
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Administrator, Custodian and Fund Accountant
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Additional Information
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Index to Financial Statements
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56
42,400,000
Common Shares
Tortoise MLP Fund,
Inc.
$25.00 per Share
PROSPECTUS
July 27, 2010
Morgan Stanley
Citi
BofA Merrill Lynch
UBS Investment Bank
Wells Fargo Securities
Stifel Nicolaus
Weisel
Barclays Capital
Oppenheimer &
Co.
RBC Capital Markets
BB&T Capital
Markets
Comerica Securities
Davenport & Company
LLC
Dominick & Dominick
LLC
J.J.B. Hilliard, W.L. Lyons,
LLC
Janney Montgomery
Scott
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co.
Inc.
Maxim Group LLC
Morgan Keegan & Company,
Inc.
Southwest Securities,
Inc.
Wedbush Securities
Inc.
Wunderlich Securities
Until August 21, 2010 (25 days after the date of this
prospectus) all dealers that buy, sell or trade the common
shares, whether or not participating in this offering, may be
required to deliver a Prospectus. This is in addition to each
dealers obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as
an underwriter and with respect to its unsold allotments or
subscriptions.
TORTOISE MLP FUND, INC.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Tortoise MLP Fund, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the Company, we, us, or our), is a
non-diversified, closed-end management investment company.
This statement of additional information relates to an offering of our common shares and does
not constitute a prospectus, but should be read in conjunction with our prospectus relating thereto
dated July 27, 2010. This statement of additional information does not include all information
that a prospective investor should consider before purchasing any of our common shares. You should
obtain and read our prospectus prior to purchasing any of our common shares. A copy of our
prospectus may be obtained without charge from us by calling 1-866-362-9331. You also may obtain a
copy of our prospectus on the SECs web site (http://www.sec.gov). Capitalized terms used but not
defined in this statement of additional information have the meanings ascribed to them in the
prospectus.
This statement
of additional information is dated July 27, 2010.
TABLE OF CONTENTS OF
THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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S-i
INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS
This section supplements the disclosure in the prospectus and provides additional information
on our investment limitations. Investment limitations identified as fundamental may only be changed
with the approval of the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities (which for this
purpose and under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act) means the lesser
of (1) 67% of the voting shares represented at a meeting at which more than 50% of the outstanding
voting shares are represented or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding voting shares).
Investment limitations stated as a maximum percentage of our assets are only applied
immediately after, and because of, an investment or a transaction by us to which the limitation is
applicable (other than the limitations on borrowing). Accordingly, any later increase or decrease
resulting from a change in values, net assets or other circumstances will not be considered in
determining whether the investment complies with our investment limitations. All limitations that
are based on a percentage of total assets include assets obtained through leverage.
Fundamental Investment Limitations
The following are our fundamental investment limitations set forth in their entirety. We may
not:
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issue senior securities, except as permitted by the 1940 Act and the rules and
interpretive positions of the SEC thereunder; |
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borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act and the rules and
interpretive positions of the SEC thereunder; |
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make loans, except by the purchase of debt obligations, by entering into
repurchase agreements or through the lending of portfolio securities and as otherwise
permitted by the 1940 Act and the rules and interpretive positions of the SEC
thereunder; |
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concentrate (invest 25% or more of total assets) our investments in any
particular industry, except that we will concentrate our assets in the group of
industries constituting the energy sector; |
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underwrite securities issued by others, except to the extent that we may be
considered an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the 1933 Act), in the disposition of restricted securities held in our portfolio; |
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purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of
securities or other instruments, except that we may invest in securities or other
instruments backed by real estate or securities of companies that invest in real estate
or interests therein; and |
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purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership
of securities or other instruments, except that we may purchase or sell options and
futures contracts or invest in securities or other instruments backed by physical
commodities. |
All other investment policies are considered nonfundamental and may be changed by our Board of
Directors (the Board of Directors or the Board) without prior approval of our outstanding
voting securities.
Nonfundamental Investment Policies
We have adopted the following nonfundamental policies:
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Under normal circumstances, we will invest at least 80% of our total assets in
equity securities of MLPs in the energy infrastructure sector, with at least 70% of our
total assets in equity securities of natural gas infrastructure MLPs. For purposes of
these policies, we consider investments in MLPs to include investments in affiliates of
MLPs. |
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We may invest up to 50% of our total assets in restricted securities, primarily
through direct investments in securities of listed companies. We will not invest in
privately-held companies. |
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We will not invest more than 10% of our total assets in any single issuer. |
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We will not engage in short sales. |
Currently under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to incur indebtedness unless immediately
after such borrowing we have asset coverage of at least 300% of the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of indebtedness (i.e., such indebtedness may not exceed 33 1/3% of the value of our total
assets including the amount borrowed, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by
senior securities). In addition, currently under the 1940 Act, we may not declare any distribution
upon our common or preferred stock, or purchase any such stock, unless our aggregate indebtedness
has, at the time of the declaration of any such distribution or at the time of any such purchase,
an asset coverage of at least 300% after deducting the amount of such distribution, or purchase
price, as the case may be. Currently under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to issue preferred
stock unless immediately after such issuance we have asset coverage of at least 200% of the total
of the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness plus the aggregate
liquidation value of the outstanding preferred stock (i.e., the aggregate principal amount of such
indebtedness and liquidation value may not exceed 50% of the value of our total assets, including
the proceeds of such issuance, less liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior
securities). In addition, currently under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to declare any
distribution on our common stock or purchase any such common stock unless, at the time of such
declaration or purchase, we would satisfy this 200% asset coverage requirement test after deducting
the amount of such distribution or share price.
Under the 1940 Act, a senior security does not include any promissory note or evidence of
indebtedness where such loan is for temporary purposes only and in an amount not exceeding 5% of
the value of the total assets of the issuer at the time the loan is made. A loan is presumed to be
for temporary purposes if it is repaid within sixty days and is not extended or renewed. Both
transactions involving indebtedness and any preferred stock issued by us would be considered senior
securities under the 1940 Act, and as such, are subject to the asset coverage requirements
discussed above.
Currently under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to lend money or property to any person,
directly or indirectly, if such person controls or is under common control with us, except for a
loan from us to a company which owns all of our outstanding securities. Currently, under
interpretative positions of the staff of the SEC, we may not have on loan at any given time
securities representing more than one-third of our total assets.
We interpret our policies with respect to borrowing and lending to permit such activities as
may be lawful, to the full extent permitted by the 1940 Act or by exemption from the provisions
therefrom pursuant to an exemptive order of the SEC.
We interpret our policy with respect to concentration to include energy infrastructure
companies, as defined in the prospectus and below. See Investment Objective and Principal
Investment Strategies.
Under the 1940 Act, we may, but do not intend to, invest up to 10% of our total assets in the
aggregate in shares of other investment companies and up to 5% of our total assets in any one
investment company, provided the investment does not represent more than 3% of the voting stock of
the acquired investment company at the time such shares are purchased. As a shareholder in any
investment company, we will bear our ratable share of that investment companys expenses, and would
remain subject to payment of our advisory fees and other expenses with respect to assets so
invested. Holders of common stock would therefore be subject to duplicative expenses to the extent
we invest in other investment companies. In addition, the securities of other investment companies
also may be leveraged and will therefore be subject to the same leverage risks described herein and
in the prospectus. The net asset value and market value of leveraged shares will be more volatile
and the yield to shareholders will tend to fluctuate more than the yield generated by unleveraged
shares. A material decline in net asset value may impair our ability to maintain asset coverage on
any preferred stock and debt securities, including any interest and principal for debt securities.
S-2
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The prospectus presents our investment objective and principal investment strategies and
risks. This section supplements the disclosure in our prospectus and provides additional
information on our investment policies, strategies and risks. Restrictions or policies stated as a
maximum percentage of our assets are only applied immediately after a portfolio investment to which
the policy or restriction is applicable (other than the limitations on borrowing). Accordingly, any
later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, net assets or other circumstances
will not be considered in determining whether the investment complies with our restrictions and
policies.
Our
investment objective is to provide our stockholders a high level of total return with an emphasis on current
distributions paid to stockholders. For purposes of our investment objective, total return includes
capital appreciation on our common stock, and all distributions
received from us, regardless of the tax character of the distribution. There is no assurance that we will achieve
our objective. Our investment objective and the investment policies discussed below are
nonfundamental. The Board of Directors may change an investment objective, or any policy or
limitation that is not fundamental, without a stockholder vote. Stockholders will receive at least
60 days prior written notice of any change to the nonfundamental investment policy of investing at
least 80% of our total assets in equity securities of energy infrastructure MLPs. Unlike most
other investment companies, we are not treated as a regulated investment company under the U.S.
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Internal Revenue Code). Therefore, we are taxed as
a regular C corporation and are subject to federal and applicable state corporate income taxes.
Under normal circumstances, we will invest at least 80% of our total assets in equity
securities of MLPs in the energy infrastructure sector, with at least 70% of our total assets in
equity securities of natural gas infrastructure MLPs. For purposes of these policies, we consider
investments in MLPs to include investments in affiliates of MLPs. MLP
affiliates are issuers of MLP I-Shares and general partners of MLPs. Such MLP equity securities
currently consist of common units, convertible subordinated units, pay-in-kind units or I-Shares
(I-Shares) and limited liability company common units. We also may invest in other securities,
consistent with our investment objective and fundamental and nonfundamental policies.
The following pages contain more detailed information about the types of issuers and
instruments in which we may invest, strategies our investment
adviser, Tortoise Capital Advisors, L.L.C. (the Adviser), may employ in pursuit of investment
objective and a discussion of related risks. Our Adviser may not buy these instruments or use these
techniques unless it believes that doing so will help us achieve our
objective. We have claimed an exclusion from the definition of the
term commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange
Act and are therefore not subject to registration or regulation
under such act.
Master Limited Partnerships
Under normal circumstances, we will invest at least 80% of our total assets in equity
securities of MLPs in the energy infrastructure sector, with at least 70% of our total assets in
equity securities of natural gas infrastructure MLPs. For purposes of these policies, we consider
investments in MLPs to include investments in affiliates of MLPs. An MLP is an entity that is
generally taxed as a partnership for federal income tax purposes and that derives each year at
least 90% of its gross income from Qualifying Income. Qualifying Income for MLPs includes
interest, dividends, real estate rents, gain from the sale or disposition of real property, income
and gain from commodities or commodity futures, and income and gain from mineral or natural
resources activities that generate Qualifying Income. MLP interests (known as units) are traded on
securities exchanges or over-the-counter. An MLPs organization as a partnership and compliance
with the Qualifying Income rules generally eliminates federal tax at the entity level.
An MLP has one or more general partners (who may be individuals, corporations, or other
partnerships) which manage the partnership, and limited partners, which provide capital to the
partnership but have no role in its management. Typically, the general partner is owned by company
management or another publicly traded sponsoring corporation. When an investor buys units in an
MLP, the investor becomes a limited partner.
MLPs are formed in several ways. A nontraded partnership may decide to go public. Several
nontraded partnerships may roll up into a single MLP. A corporation may spin-off a group of assets
or part of its business into an MLP of which it is the general partner, to realize the assets full
value on the marketplace by selling the assets and using the cash proceeds received from the MLP to address debt obligations or to invest in
higher growth
S-3
opportunities, while retaining control of the MLP. A corporation may fully convert to
an MLP, although since 1986 the tax consequences have made this an unappealing option for most
corporations. Unlike the ways described above, it is also possible for a newly formed entity to
commence operations as an MLP from its inception.
The sponsor or general partner of an MLP, other energy companies, and utilities may sell
assets to MLPs in order to generate cash to fund expansion projects or repay debt. The MLP
structure essentially transfers cash flows generated from these acquired assets directly to MLP
limited partner unitholders.
In the case of an MLP buying assets from its sponsor or general partner the transaction is
intended to be based upon comparable terms in the acquisition market for similar assets. To help
insure that appropriate protections are in place, the board of the MLP generally creates an
independent committee to review and approve the terms of the transaction. The committee often
obtains a fairness opinion and can retain counsel or other experts to assist its evaluation. Since
both parties normally have a significant equity stake in the MLP, both parties are aligned to see
that the transaction is accretive and fair to the MLP.
MLPs tend to pay relatively higher distributions than other types of companies and we intend
to use these MLP distributions in an effort to meet our investment objective.
As a motivation for the general partner to successfully manage the MLP and increase cash
flows, the terms of MLPs typically provide that the general partner receives a larger portion of
the net income as distributions reach higher target levels. As cash flow grows, the general partner
receives a greater interest in the incremental income compared to the interest of limited partners.
Although the percentages vary among MLPs, the general partners marginal interest in distributions
generally increases from 2% to 15% at the first designated distribution target level moving up to
25% and ultimately 50% as pre-established distribution per unit thresholds are met. Nevertheless,
the aggregate amount distributed to limited partners will increase as MLP distributions reach
higher target levels. Given this incentive structure, the general partner has an incentive to
streamline operations and undertake acquisitions and growth projects in order to increase
distributions to all partners.
Because the MLP itself generally does not pay federal income tax, its income or loss is
allocated to its investors, irrespective of whether the investors receive any cash payment or other
distributions from the MLP. An MLP typically makes quarterly cash distributions. Although they
resemble corporate dividends, MLP distributions are treated differently for tax purposes. The MLP
distribution is treated as a return of capital to the extent of the investors basis in his MLP
interest and, to the extent the distribution exceeds the investors basis in the MLP, generally as
capital gain. The investors original basis is the price paid for the units. The basis is adjusted
downwards with each distribution and allocation of deductions (such as depreciation) and losses,
and upwards with each allocation of taxable income and gain.
The partner will not incur federal income tax on distributions until: (1) he sells his MLP
units and pays tax on his gain, which gain is increased due to the basis decrease due to prior
distributions; or (2) his basis reaches zero. When the units are sold, the difference between the
sales price and the investors adjusted basis is gain or loss for federal income tax purposes.
The business of MLPs is affected by supply and demand for energy commodities because most MLPs
derive revenue and income based upon the volume of the underlying commodity produced, transported,
processed, distributed, and/or marketed.
Pipeline MLPs have
indirect commodity exposure to gas and oil price volatility because although they do not own the
underlying energy commodity, the general level of commodity prices may affect the volume of the
commodity that the MLP delivers to its customers and the cost of providing services such as
distributing natural gas liquids (NGLs). The costs of natural gas pipeline
MLPs to perform services may exceed the negotiated rates under
negotiated rate contracts.
Specifically, processing MLPs may be directly affected by
energy commodity prices. Propane MLPs own the underlying energy commodity, and therefore have
direct exposure to energy commodity prices, although our Adviser intends to seek high quality MLPs
that are able to mitigate or manage direct margin exposure to commodity prices.
The MLP industry in general could be hurt by market perception
that an MLPs performance and valuation are directly tied to commodity prices.
S-4
MLPs in the energy infrastructure sector in which we will invest can generally be classified
into the following categories:
Pipeline MLPs. Pipeline MLPs are common carrier transporters of natural gas, NGLs (primarily propane, ethane, butane and natural gasoline), crude oil or refined petroleum
products (gasoline, diesel fuel and jet fuel). Pipeline MLPs also may operate ancillary businesses
such as storage and marketing of such products. Pipeline MLPs derive revenue from capacity and
transportation fees. Historically, pipeline output has been less exposed to cyclical economic
forces due to its low cost structure and government-regulated nature. In addition, most pipeline
MLPs have limited direct commodity price exposure because they do not own the product being
shipped.
Processing MLPs. Processing MLPs are gatherers and processors of natural gas as well as
providers of transportation, fractionation and storage of NGLs. Processing
MLPs derive revenue from providing services to natural gas producers, which require treatment or
processing before their natural gas commodity can be marketed to utilities and other end user
markets. Revenue for the processor is fee based, although it is not uncommon to have some
participation in the prices of the natural gas and NGL commodities for a portion of revenue.
Propane MLPs. Propane MLPs are distributors of propane to homeowners for space and water
heating. Propane MLPs derive revenue from the resale of the commodity on a margin over wholesale
cost. The ability to maintain margin is a key to profitability. Propane serves approximately 3% of
the household energy needs in the United States, largely for homes beyond the geographic reach of
natural gas distribution pipelines. Approximately 70% of annual cash flow is earned during the
winter heating season (October through March). Accordingly, volumes are weather dependent, but have
utility type functions similar to electricity and natural gas.
Marine Shipping MLPs. Marine shipping MLPs are primarily marine transporters of natural gas,
crude oil or refined petroleum products. Marine shipping MLPs derive revenue from charging
customers for the transportation of these products utilizing the MLPs vessels. Transportation
services are typically provided pursuant to a charter or contract, the terms of which vary
depending on, for example, the length of use of a particular vessel, the amount of cargo
transported, the number of voyages made, the parties operating a vessel or other factors.
Exploration and Production MLPs. Exploration and production MLPs (E&P) produce energy
resources, including natural gas and crude oil, from long-life basins throughout the United States.
Revenue is generated by the sale of natural gas or crude oil, resulting in direct commodity price
exposure. E&P MLPs reduce cash flow volatility associated with commodity prices by executing
multi-year hedging strategies that fix the price of gas and oil produced.
MLPs typically achieve distribution growth by internal and external means. MLPs achieve growth
internally by experiencing higher commodity volume driven by the economy and population, and
through the expansion of existing operations including increasing the use of underutilized
capacity, pursuing projects that can leverage and gain synergies with existing infrastructure and
pursuing so called greenfield projects. External growth is achieved by making accretive
acquisitions.
MLPs are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and health and safety
laws as well as laws and regulations specific to their particular activities. These laws and
regulations address: health and safety standards for the operation of facilities, transportation
systems and the handling of materials; air and water pollution requirements and standards; solid
waste disposal requirements; land reclamation requirements; and requirements relating to the
handling and disposition of hazardous materials. MLPs are subject to the costs of compliance with
such laws applicable to them, and changes in such laws and regulations may adversely affect their
results of operations.
MLPs operating interstate pipelines and storage facilities are subject to substantial
regulation by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), which regulates interstate
transportation rates, services and other matters regarding natural gas pipelines including: the
establishment of rates for service; regulation of pipeline storage and liquified natural gas
facility construction; issuing certificates of need for companies intending to provide energy
services or constructing and operating interstate pipeline and storage facilities; and certain
other matters. FERC also
S-5
regulates the interstate transportation of crude oil, including: regulation of rates and
practices of oil pipeline companies; establishing equal service conditions to provide shippers with
equal access to pipeline transportation; and establishment of reasonable rates for transporting
petroleum and petroleum products by pipeline.
MLPs may be subject to liability relating to the release of substances into the environment,
including liability under federal Superfund and similar state laws for investigation and
remediation of releases and threatened releases of hazardous materials, as well as liability for
injury and property damage for accidental events, such as explosions or discharges of materials
causing personal injury and damage to property. Such potential liabilities could have a material
adverse effect upon the financial condition and results of operations of MLPs.
MLPs are subject to numerous business related risks, including: deterioration of business
fundamentals reducing profitability due to development of alternative energy sources, consumer
sentiment with respect to global warming, changing demographics in the markets served, unexpectedly
prolonged and precipitous changes in commodity prices and increased competition that reduces the
MLPs market share; the lack of growth of markets requiring growth through acquisitions;
disruptions in transportation systems; the dependence of certain MLPs upon the energy exploration
and development activities of unrelated third parties; availability of capital for expansion and
construction of needed facilities; a significant decrease in natural gas production due to
depressed commodity prices or otherwise; the inability of MLPs to successfully integrate recent or
future acquisitions; and the general level of the economy.
For a further discussion and a general description of MLP federal income tax matters, see the
section entitled Certain Federal Income Tax Matters.
Non-MLPs
Although we will primarily invest in MLPs, we also may invest in companies that are not
organized as MLPs. Non-MLP companies may include companies that operate energy assets but which are
organized as corporations or limited liability companies rather than in partnership form.
Generally, the partnership form is more suitable for companies that operate assets which generate
more stable cash flows. Companies that operate midstream assets (e.g., transporting, processing,
storing, distributing and marketing) tend to generate more stable cash flows than those that engage
in exploration and development or delivery of products to the end consumer. Non-MLP companies also
may include companies that provide services directly related to the generation of income from
energy-related assets, such as oil drilling services, pipeline construction and maintenance, and
compression services.
The energy industry and particular energy infrastructure companies may be adversely affected
by possible terrorist attacks, such as the attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001. It is
possible that facilities of energy infrastructure companies, due to the critical nature of their
energy businesses to the United States, could be direct targets of terrorist attacks or be
indirectly affected by attacks on others. They may have to incur significant additional costs in
the future to safeguard their assets. In addition, changes in the insurance markets after September
11, 2001 may make certain types of insurance more difficult to obtain or obtainable only at
significant additional cost. To the extent terrorism results in a lower level of economic activity,
energy consumption could be adversely affected, which would reduce revenues and impede growth.
Terrorist or war related disruption of the capital markets could also affect the ability of energy
infrastructure companies to raise needed capital.
Our Investments
The types of securities in which we may invest include, but are not limited to, the following:
MLP Equity Securities. Consistent with our investment objective, we may invest up to 100% of
our total assets in equity securities issued by MLPs and their affiliates in the energy
infrastructure sector, including common units, convertible subordinated units, I-Shares and limited
liability company (LLC) common units (each discussed below). We also may invest up to 20% of our
total assets in equity securities of entities not in the energy infrastructure sector.
S-6
The value of equity securities will be affected by changes in the stock markets, which may be
the result of domestic or international political or economic news, changes in interest rates or
changing investor sentiment. At times, stock markets can be volatile and stock prices can change
substantially. Equity securities risk will affect our net asset value per share, which will
fluctuate as the value of the securities held by us change. Not all stock prices change uniformly
or at the same time, and not all stock markets move in the same direction at the same time. Other
factors affect a particular stocks prices, such as poor earnings reports by an issuer, loss of
major customers, major litigation against an issuer, or changes in governmental regulations
affecting an industry. Adverse news affecting one company can sometimes depress the stock prices of
all companies in the same industry. Not all factors can be predicted.
Investing in securities of smaller companies may involve greater risk than is associated with
investing in more established companies. Smaller capitalization companies may have limited product
lines, markets or financial resources; may lack management depth or experience; and may be more
vulnerable to adverse general market or economic developments than larger more established
companies.
MLP Common Units. MLP common units represent an equity ownership interest in a partnership,
providing limited voting rights and entitling the holder to a share of the companys success
through distributions and/or capital appreciation. Unlike stockholders of a corporation, common
unitholders do not elect directors annually and generally have the right to vote only on certain
significant events, such as mergers, a sale of substantially all of the assets, removal of the
general partner or material amendments to the partnership agreement. MLPs are required by their
partnership agreements to distribute a large percentage of their current operating earnings. Common
unitholders generally have first right to a minimum quarterly distribution (MQD) prior to
distributions to the convertible subordinated unitholders or the general partner (including
incentive distributions). Common unitholders typically have arrearage rights if the MQD is not met.
In the event of liquidation, MLP common unitholders have first rights to the partnerships
remaining assets after bondholders, other debt holders, and preferred unitholders have been paid in
full. MLP common units trade on a national securities exchange or
over-the-counter. In addition, like common stock, prices of MLP
common units are sensitive to general movements in the stock market
and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of MLP common
units to which we have exposure.
Limited Liability Company Common Units. Some energy infrastructure companies in which we may
invest have been organized as LLCs. Such LLCs are treated in the same manner as MLPs for federal
income tax purposes. Consistent with its investment objective and policies, we may invest in common
units or other securities of such LLCs. LLC common units represent an equity ownership interest in
an LLC, entitling the holders to a share of the LLCs success through distributions and/or capital
appreciation. Similar to MLPs, LLCs typically do not pay federal income tax at the entity level and
are required by their operating agreements to distribute a large percentage of their current
operating earnings. LLC common unitholders generally have first right to a MQD prior to
distributions to subordinated unitholders and typically have arrearage rights if the MQD is not
met. In the event of liquidation, LLC common unitholders have first right to the LLCs remaining
assets after bondholders, other debt holders and preferred unitholders, if any, have been paid in
full. LLC common units trade on a national securities exchange or over-the-counter.
In contrast to MLPs, LLCs have no general partner and there are generally no incentives that
entitle management or other unitholders to increased percentages of cash distributions as
distributions reach higher target levels. In addition, LLC common unitholders typically have voting
rights with respect to the LLC, whereas MLP common units have limited voting rights.
MLP Convertible Subordinated Units. MLP convertible subordinated units are typically issued by
MLPs to founders, corporate general partners of MLPs, entities that sell assets to the MLPs, and
institutional investors. The purpose of the convertible subordinated units is to increase the
likelihood that during the subordination period there will be available cash to be distributed to
common unitholders. We expect to purchase subordinated units in direct placements from such persons
or other persons that may hold such units. MLP convertible subordinated units generally are not
entitled to distributions until holders of common units have received specified MQD, plus any
arrearages, and may receive less than common unitholders in distributions upon liquidation.
Convertible subordinated unitholders generally are entitled to MQD prior to the payment of
incentive distributions to the general partner, but are not entitled to arrearage rights.
Therefore, MLP convertible subordinated units generally entail greater risk than MLP common units.
They are generally convertible automatically into the senior common units of the same issuer at a
one-to-one ratio upon the passage of time or the satisfaction of certain financial tests. Although
the means by which convertible subordinated units convert into senior common units depend on a
securitys specific
S-7
terms, MLP convertible subordinated units typically are exchanged for common shares. These
units do not trade on a national exchange or over-the-counter, and there is no active market for
convertible subordinated units. The value of a convertible subordinated unit is a function of its
worth if converted into the underlying common units. Convertible subordinated units generally have
similar voting rights as do MLP common units. Distributions may be
paid in cash or in-kind.
Equity Securities of MLP Affiliates. In addition to equity securities of MLPs, we may also
invest in equity securities of MLP affiliates. MLP affiliates are
issuers of MLP I-Shares and general partners of MLPs.
MLP I-Shares. I-Shares represent an indirect investment in MLP common units. I-Shares are
equity securities issued by affiliates of MLPs, typically a limited liability company, that owns an
interest in and manages the MLP. The issuer has management rights but is not entitled to incentive
distributions. The I-Share issuers assets consist exclusively of MLP common units. Distributions
to I-Share holders in the form of additional I-Shares are generally equal in amount to the I-Units
received by the I-Share issuer. The issuer of the I-Share is taxed as
a corporation; however, the
MLP does not allocate income or loss to the I-Share issuer. Accordingly, investors receive a Form
1099, are not allocated their proportionate share of income of the
MLPs and are not subject to state income tax filing obligations based
solely on the issuers operations within a state.
General
Partner
Interests of MLPs are typically retained by an MLPs original sponsors, such as its founders,
corporate partners, entities that sell assets to the MLP and investors. An entity holding general
partner interests, but not its investors, can be liable under certain circumstances for amounts
greater than the amount of the entitys investment in the general partner interest. General partner
interests often confer direct board participation rights and in many cases, operating control, over
the MLP. These interests themselves are generally not publicly traded, although they may be owned
by publicly traded entities. General partner interests receive cash distributions, typically 2% of
the MLPs aggregate cash distributions, which are contractually defined in the partnership
agreement. In addition, holders of general partner interests typically hold incentive distribution
rights (IDRs), which provide them with a larger share of the aggregate MLP cash distributions as
the distributions to limited partner unitholders are increased to prescribed levels. General
partner interests generally cannot be converted into common units. The general partner interest can
be redeemed by the MLP if the MLP unitholders choose to remove the general partner, typically with
a supermajority vote by limited partner unitholders.
Other
Non-MLP Equity Securities. We also may invest up to 20% of
our total assets in common and preferred stock, limited
liability company interests, limited partner interests, convertible securities, warrants and
depository receipts of companies that are organized as corporations, limited liability companies or
limited partnerships. Common stock generally represents an equity ownership interest in an issuer.
Although common stocks have historically generated higher average total returns than fixed-income
securities over the long term, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in
those returns and may under-perform relative to fixed-income securities during certain periods. An
adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common
stock held by us. In addition, prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the
stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks to which we have
exposure. Common stock prices fluctuate for several reasons including changes in investors
perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock
market, or the occurrence of political or economic events which effect the issuers. In addition,
common stock prices may be particularly sensitive to rising interest rates, which increases
borrowing costs and the costs of capital.
Restricted, Illiquid and Thinly-Traded Securities. We may invest up to 50% of our total assets
in restricted securities primarily through direct investments in securities of listed companies.
Restricted securities are less liquid than securities traded in the open market, therefore, we may
not be able to readily sell such securities. Investments currently considered by our Adviser to be
illiquid because of such restrictions include subordinated convertible units and certain direct
placements of common units. Such securities are unlike securities that are traded in the open
market, which can be expected to be sold immediately if the market is adequate. The sale price of
securities that are not readily marketable may be lower or higher than the companys most recent
determination of their fair value. In addition, the value of these securities typically requires
more reliance on the judgment of our Adviser than that required for securities for which there is
an active trading market. Due to the difficulty in valuing these securities and the absence of an
active trading market for these securities, we may not be able to realize these securities true
value, or may have to delay their sale in order to do so.
S-8
Restricted securities generally can be sold in private transactions, pursuant to an exemption
from registration under the 1933 Act, or in a registered public offering. If the issuer of the
restricted securities has an effective registration statement on file with the SEC covering the
restricted securities, our Adviser has the ability to deem restricted securities as liquid. To
enable us to sell our holdings of a restricted security not registered under the 1933 Act, we may
have to cause those securities to be registered. When we must arrange registration because we wish
to sell the security, a considerable period may elapse between the time the decision is made to
sell the security and the time the security is registered so that we can sell it. We would bear the
risks of any downward price fluctuation during that period.
In recent years, a large institutional market developed for certain securities that are not
registered under the 1933 Act, including private placements, repurchase agreements, commercial
paper, foreign securities and corporate bonds and notes. These instruments are often restricted
securities because the securities are either themselves exempt from registration or were sold in
transactions not requiring registration, such as Rule 144A transactions. Institutional investors
generally will not seek to sell these instruments to the general public, but instead will often
depend on an efficient institutional market in which such unregistered securities can be resold or
on an issuers ability to honor a demand for repayment. Therefore, the fact that there are
contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or certain institutions is not
dispositive of the liquidity of such investments.
Rule 144A under the 1933 Act establishes a safe harbor from the registration requirements of
the 1933 Act for resales of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers. Institutional
markets for restricted securities that exist or may develop as a result of Rule 144A may provide
both readily ascertainable values for restricted securities and the ability to liquidate an
investment. An insufficient number of qualified institutional buyers interested in purchasing Rule
144A-eligible securities held by us, however, could affect adversely the marketability of such
portfolio securities and we might be unable to dispose of such securities promptly or at reasonable
prices.
We may also invest in securities that may not be restricted, but are thinly-traded. Although
securities of certain MLPs trade on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), NYSE Alternext U.S.
(formerly known as AMEX), the NASDAQ National Market or other securities exchanges or markets, such
securities may have a trading volume lower than those of larger companies due to their relatively
smaller capitalizations. Such securities may be difficult to dispose of at a fair price during
times when we believe it is desirable to do so. Thinly-traded securities are also more difficult to
value and our Advisers judgment as to value will often be given greater weight than market
quotations, if any exist. If market quotations are not available, thinly-traded securities will be
valued in accordance with procedures established by the Board. Investment of capital in
thinly-traded securities may restrict our ability to take advantage of market opportunities. The
risks associated with thinly-traded securities may be particularly acute in situations in which our
operations require cash and could result in us borrowing to meet our short term needs or incurring
losses on the sale of thinly-traded securities.
Repurchase Agreements. We may enter into repurchase agreements backed by U.S. Government
securities. A repurchase agreement arises when we purchase a security and simultaneously agree to
resell it to the vendor at an agreed upon future date. The resale price is greater than the
purchase price, reflecting an agreed upon market rate of return that is effective for the period of
time we hold the security and that is not related to the coupon rate on the purchased security.
Such agreements generally have maturities of not more than seven days and could be used to permit
us to earn interest on assets awaiting long term investment. We require continuous maintenance by
the custodian for our account in the Federal Reserve/Treasury Book Entry System of collateral in an
amount equal to, or in excess of, the market value of the securities that are the subject of a
repurchase agreement. Repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days are considered
illiquid securities. In the event of a bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase
agreement, we could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying security and losses,
including: (a) possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period while we
seek to enforce our rights thereto; (b) possible subnormal levels of income and lack of access to
income during this period; and (c) expenses of enforcing its rights.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements. We may enter into reverse repurchase agreements for temporary
purposes with banks and securities dealers if the creditworthiness of the bank or securities dealer
has been determined by our Adviser to be satisfactory. A reverse repurchase agreement is a
repurchase agreement in which we are the seller of, rather than the investor in, securities and
agree to repurchase them at an agreed-upon time and
S-9
price. Use of a reverse repurchase agreement may be preferable to a regular sale and later
repurchase of securities because it avoids certain market risks and transaction costs.
At the time when we enter into a reverse repurchase agreement, liquid assets (such as cash,
U.S. Government securities or other high-grade debt obligations) of ours having a value at least
as great as the purchase price of the securities to be purchased will be segregated on our books
and held by the custodian throughout the period of the obligation. The use of reverse repurchase
agreements by us creates leverage which increases our investment risk. If the income and gains on
securities purchased with the proceeds of these transactions exceed the cost, our earnings or net
asset value will increase faster than otherwise would be the case; conversely, if the income and
gains fail to exceed the cost, earnings or net asset value would decline faster than otherwise
would be the case. We intend to enter into reverse repurchase agreements only if the income from
the investment of the proceeds is expected to be greater than the expense of the transaction,
because the proceeds are invested for a period no longer than the term of the reverse repurchase
agreement.
Margin Borrowing. Although we do not currently intend to, we may in the future use margin
borrowing of up to 33 1/3% of our total assets for investment purposes when our Adviser believes it
will enhance returns. Margin borrowing creates certain additional risks. For example, should the
securities that are pledged to brokers to secure margin accounts decline in value, or should
brokers from which we have borrowed increase their maintenance margin requirements (i.e., reduce
the percentage of a position that can be financed), then we could be subject to a margin call,
pursuant to which we must either deposit additional funds with the broker or suffer mandatory
liquidation of the pledged securities to compensate for the decline in value. In the event of a
precipitous drop in the value of our assets, we might not be able to liquidate assets quickly
enough to pay off the margin debt and might suffer mandatory liquidation of positions in a
declining market at relatively low prices, thereby incurring substantial losses. For these reasons,
the use of borrowings for investment purposes is considered a speculative investment practice. Any
use of margin borrowing by us would be subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, including the
prohibition on our issuing more than one class of senior securities, and the asset coverage
requirements discussed earlier in this statement of additional information. See Investment
Limitations.
Interest Rate Transactions. We may, but are not required to, use interest rate transactions
such as swaps, caps and floors in an attempt to reduce the interest rate risk arising from our
leveraged capital structure. There is no assurance that the interest rate hedging transactions into
which we enter will be effective in reducing our exposure to interest rate risk. Hedging
transactions are subject to correlation risk, which is the risk that payment on our hedging
transactions may not correlate exactly with our payment obligations on senior securities.
The use of interest rate transactions is a highly specialized activity that involves
investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security
transactions. In an interest rate swap, we would agree to pay to the other party to the interest
rate swap (known as the counterparty) a fixed rate payment in exchange for the counterparty
agreeing to pay to us a variable rate payment that is intended to approximate our variable rate
payment obligation on any variable rate borrowings or preferred stock. The payment obligations
would be based on the notional amount of the swap. In an interest rate cap, we would pay a premium
to the counterparty to the interest rate cap and, to the extent that a specified variable rate
index exceeds a predetermined fixed rate, it would receive from the counterparty payments of the
difference based on the notional amount of such cap. In an interest rate floor, we would be
entitled to receive, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest
rate, payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling the interest rate
floor. When interest rate transactions are outstanding, we will segregate liquid assets with our
custodian in an amount equal to its net payment obligation under the transactions. Therefore,
depending on the state of interest rates in general, our use of interest rate transactions could
enhance or decrease cash flow available to make payments with respect to any preferred shares.
Furthermore, to the extent that there is a decline in interest rates, the value of the interest
rate transactions could decline, which could result in a decline in our net asset value. In
addition, if the counterparty to an interest rate transaction defaults, we would not be able to use
the anticipated net receipts under the interest rate transaction to offset our cost of financial
leverage.
Securities Lending. We may lend securities to parties such as broker-dealers or institutional
investors. Securities lending allows us to retain ownership of the securities loaned and, at the
same time, to earn additional income. Because there may be delays in the recovery of loaned
securities, or even a loss of rights in collateral supplied should the borrower fail financially,
loans will be made only to parties deemed by our Adviser to be of
S-10
good credit and legal standing. Furthermore, loans of securities will only be made if, in our
Advisers judgment, the consideration to be earned from such loans would justify the risk.
Our Adviser understands that it is the current view of the SEC staff that we may engage in
loan transactions only under the following conditions: (1) we must receive 100% collateral in the
form of cash or cash equivalents (e.g., U.S. Treasury bills or notes) from the borrower; (2) the
borrower must increase the collateral whenever the market value of the securities loaned
(determined on a daily basis) rises above the value of the collateral; (3) after giving notice, we
must be able to terminate the loan at any time; (4) we must receive reasonable interest on the loan
or a flat fee from the borrower, as well as amounts equivalent to any dividends, interest, or other
distributions on the securities loaned and to any increase in market value; (5) we may pay only
reasonable custodian fees in connection with the loan; and (6) the Board must be able to vote
proxies on the securities loaned, either by terminating the loan or by entering into an alternative
arrangement with the borrower.
Temporary Investments and Defensive Investments. Pending investment of the proceeds of an
offering (which we expect may take up to approximately three to six months following the closing of
an offering), we may invest up to 100% of net offering proceeds in cash, cash equivalents,
securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its instrumentalities or agencies, high
quality, short-term money market instruments, short-term debt securities, certificates of deposit,
bankers acceptances and other bank obligations, commercial paper rated in the highest category by
a rating agency or other fixed income securities-all of which are expected to provide a lower yield
than the securities of MLPs and their affiliates. We also may invest in such instruments on a
temporary basis to meet working capital needs including, but not limited to, the need for
collateral in connection with certain investment techniques, to hold a reserve pending payment of
dividends, and to facilitate the payment of expenses and settlement of trades. We anticipate that
under normal market conditions not more than 5% of our assets will be invested in these
instruments.
Under adverse market or economic conditions, we may invest 100% of our total assets in these
securities. The yield on such securities may be lower than the returns on MLP securities or yields
on lower rated fixed income securities. To the extent that we use this strategy, we may not achieve
our investment objective.
MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY
Directors and Officers
Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board of Directors.
Accordingly, the Board of Directors provides broad supervision over our affairs, including
supervision of the duties performed by our Adviser. Our officers are responsible for our day-to-day
operations. Our Board of Directors is currently comprised of four directors, three of whom are not
interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of our Adviser or its affiliates (Independent Directors). The names, ages
and addresses of each of our directors and officers, together with their principal occupations and
other affiliations during the past five years, are set forth below. Each director and officer will
hold office
for his respective term and
until his successor is duly elected and qualified, or until he resigns or is removed in
the manner provided by law. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each director and officer is
11550 Ash Street, Leawood, Kansas 66211.
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DIRECTOR (1) |
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Independent
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Conrad S. Ciccotello
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Director since 2010
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Tenured Associate
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None |
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Independent Directors (continued)
(Born 1960)
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Professor of Risk
Management and
Insurance, Robinson
College of Business,
Georgia State
University (faculty
member since 1999);
Director of Graduate
Personal Financial
Planning Programs;
Formerly Editor,
Financial Services
Review (an academic
journal dedicated to
the study of
individual financial
management)
(2001-2007); Published
several academic and
professional journal
articles about energy
infrastructure and
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John R. Graham
(Born 1945)
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Director since 2010
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Executive-in-Residence
and Professor of
Finance (part-time),
College of Business
Administration, Kansas
State University (has
served as a professor
or adjunct professor
since 1970); Chairman
of the Board,
President and CEO,
Graham Capital
Management, Inc.,
primarily a real
estate development,
investment and venture
capital company; Owner
of Graham Ventures, a
business services and
venture capital firm;
Part-time Vice
President Investments,
FB Capital Management,
Inc. (a registered
investment adviser),
since 2007; formerly,
CEO, Kansas Farm
Bureau Financial
Services, including
seven affiliated
insurance or financial
service companies
(1979-2000).
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Charles E. Heath
(Born 1942)
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Director since 2010
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Retired in 1999,
Formerly Chief
Investment Officer, GE
Capitals Employers
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Reinsurance
Corporation
(1989-1999). Chartered
Financial Analyst
(CFA) designation
since 1974. |
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Interested
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H. Kevin Birzer
(Born 1959)
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Director and
Chairman of the
Board since 2010
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Managing Director of
the Adviser since
2002; Member, Fountain
Capital Management,
LLC (Fountain
Capital), a
registered investment
adviser, (1990-May
2009); Director and
Chairman of the Board
of each of TYG, TYY,
TYN, TTO, TPZ and the
privately held
investment company
managed by the Adviser
since its inception;
Vice President,
Corporate Finance
Department, Drexel
Burnham Lambert
(1986-1989); Vice
President, F. Martin
Koenig & Co., an
investment management
firm (1983-1986). CFA
designation since
1988.
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
None |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Terry C. Matlack
(Born 1956)
|
|
Chief Executive
Officer since 2010
|
|
Managing Director of
the Adviser since
2002; Full-time
Managing Director,
Kansas City Equity
Partners, LC (KCEP)
(2001-2002); Formerly
President, GreenStreet
Capital, a private
investment firm
(1998-2001); Director
of each of TYG, TYY,
TYN, TTO, TPZ and the
privately held
investment company
managed by the Adviser
from its inception to
September 15, 2009;
Chief Financial
Officer of each of
TYG, TYY, TYN, TPZ,
TTO and the privately
held investment
company since its
inception; Chief
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
None |
S-13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
POSITION(S) HELD |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WITH COMPANY, TERM |
|
|
|
NUMBER OF |
|
OTHER PUBLIC |
|
|
OF OFFICE AND |
|
PRINCIPAL |
|
PORTFOLIOS IN FUND |
|
COMPANY |
|
|
LENGTH OF |
|
OCCUPATION DURING |
|
COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY |
|
DIRECTORSHIPS |
NAME AND AGE |
|
TIME SERVED |
|
PAST FIVE YEARS |
|
DIRECTOR (1) |
|
HELD |
Interested Directors and Officers (continued)
|
|
|
|
Compliance Officer of
each of TYY and TYN
from their inception
through May 2006 and
of TYG from 2004
through May 2006;
Treasurer of each of
TYY, TYG and TYN from
their inception to
November 2005;
Assistant Treasurer of
TYY, TYG and TYN from
November 2005 to April
2008, of TTO from its
inception to April
2008, and of the
private investment
company from its
inception to April
2009. CFA
designation since 1985. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zachary A. Hamel
(Born 1965)
|
|
President since 2010
|
|
Managing Director of
the Adviser since
2002; Partner,
Fountain Capital
(1997-present). Senior
Vice President of each
of TYY and TTO since
2005 and each of TYG,
TYN and the private
investment company
since 2007 and of TPZ
since inception;
Secretary of each of
TYG, TYY, TYN and TTO
from their inception
to April 2007. CFA
designation since
1998.
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
None |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Bradley Adams
(Born 1960)
|
|
Chief Financial
Officer since 2010
|
|
Director of Financial
Operations of the
Adviser since 2005;
Assistant Treasurer of
TYG, TYY, TYN and TTO
since April 2008, of
TPZ since inception
and of the private
investment company
since April 2009.
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
None |
S-14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
POSITION(S) HELD |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WITH COMPANY, TERM |
|
|
|
NUMBER OF |
|
OTHER PUBLIC |
|
|
OF OFFICE AND |
|
PRINCIPAL |
|
PORTFOLIOS IN FUND |
|
COMPANY |
|
|
LENGTH OF |
|
OCCUPATION DURING |
|
COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY |
|
DIRECTORSHIPS |
NAME AND AGE |
|
TIME SERVED |
|
PAST FIVE YEARS |
|
DIRECTOR (1) |
|
HELD |
Interested Directors and Officers (continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kenneth P. Malvey
(Born 1965)
|
|
Senior Vice
President since
2010; Treasurer
since 2010
|
|
Managing Director of
the Adviser since
2002; Partner,
Fountain Capital
(2002-present);
formerly, Investment
Risk Manager and
member of the Global
Office of Investments,
GE Capitals Employers
Reinsurance
Corporation
(1996-2002); Treasurer
of each of TYG, TYY,
TYN, and TTO since
2005, and of the
private investment
company since 2007;
Senior Vice President
of each of TYY and TTO
since 2005, and of
each of TYG, TYN and
the private investment
company since 2007 and
of TPZ since
inception; Assistant
Treasurer of each of
TYY, TYG and TYN from
their inception to
November 2005; Chief
Executive Officer of
the private investment
company since December
2008; CFA designation
since 1996.
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
None |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
David J. Schulte
(Born 1961)
|
|
Senior Vice
President since
2010
|
|
Managing Director of
the Adviser since
2002; Full-time
Managing Director,
KCEP (1993-2002);
President and Chief
Executive Officer of
TYG since 2003, of TYY
since 2005 and of TPZ
since inception; Chief
Executive Officer of
TYN since 2005 and
President of TYN from
2005 to September
2008; Chief Executive
Officer of TTO since
2005 and President of
TTO from 2005 to April
2007; President of the
private investment
company since 2007;
Chief Executive
Officer of the private
investment company
from 2007 to December
2008; CFA designation
since 1992.
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
None |
S-15
|
|
|
(1) |
|
This number includes us, TYG, TYY, TYN, TPZ, TTO and a private investment company. Our
Adviser also serves as the investment adviser to TYG, TYY, TYN, TPZ, TTO and the private
investment company. |
|
(2) |
|
As a result of their respective positions held with our Adviser or its affiliates, these
individuals are considered interested persons of ours within the meaning of the 1940 Act. |
Each director was selected to join our Board of Directors based upon their character and
integrity; their service as a director for other funds in the Tortoise fund complex; and their willingness
and ability to serve and commit the time necessary to perform the duties of a director. In
addition, as to each director other than Mr. Birzer, their status as an Independent Director; and, as to Mr. Birzer, his role with our Adviser was an
important factor in his selection as a director. No factor was by itself controlling.
In addition to the information provided in the table above, each director possesses the
following attributes: Mr. Ciccotello, experience as a college professor, a Ph.D. in finance and
knowledge of energy infrastructure MLPs; Mr. Graham, experience as a college professor, executive
leadership and business executive; Mr. Heath, executive leadership and business experience; and Mr.
Birzer, investment management experience as an executive, portfolio manager and leadership roles
with our Adviser.
Mr. Birzer serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors. Mr. Birzer is an interested person
of ours within the meaning of the 1940 Act. The appointment of Mr. Birzer as Chairman reflects the
Board of Directors belief that his experience, familiarity with our day-to-day operations and
access to individuals with responsibility for our management and operations provides the Board of
Directors with insight into our business and activities and, with his access to appropriate
administrative support, facilitates the efficient development of meeting agendas that address our
business, legal and other needs and the orderly conduct of meetings of the Board of Directors.
Mr. Heath serves as Lead Independent Director. The Lead
Independent Director will, among other things,
chair executive sessions of the three directors who are Independent Directors, serve as a spokesperson for the Independent
Directors and serve as a liaison between the Independent Directors and our management. The
Independent Directors will regularly meet outside the presence of management and are advised by
independent legal counsel. The Board of Directors also has determined that its leadership
structure, as described above, is appropriate in light of our size and complexity, the number of
Independent Directors and the Board of Directors general oversight responsibility. The Board of
Directors also believes that its leadership structure not only facilitates the orderly and
efficient flow of information to the Independent Directors from management, but also enhances the
independent and orderly exercise of its responsibilities.
We have an audit committee consisting of three Independent Directors. The Audit Committee
members are Conrad S. Ciccotello (Chairman), John R. Graham and Charles E. Heath. The Audit
Committees function is to oversee our accounting policies, financial reporting and internal
control system. The Audit Committee makes recommendations regarding the selection of our
independent registered public accounting firm, reviews the independence of such firm, reviews the
scope of the audit and internal controls, considers and reports to the Board on matters relating to
our accounting and financial reporting practices, and performs such other tasks as the full Board
deems necessary or appropriate.
We have a nominating and governance committee that consists exclusively of three Independent
Directors (the Nominating Committee). The Nominating Committee members are Conrad S. Ciccotello,
John R. Graham (Chairman) and Charles E. Heath. The Nominating Committees function is to nominate
and evaluate Independent Director candidates, review the compensation arrangements for each of the
directors, review corporate governance issues and developments, and develop and recommend to the
Board corporate governance guidelines and procedures, to the extent appropriate. The Nominating
Committee will consider nominees recommended by shareholders so long as such recommendations are
made in accordance with the our Bylaws.
S-16
We also have a compliance committee that consists exclusively of three Independent Directors
(the Compliance Committee). The Compliance Committees function is to review and assess
managements compliance with applicable securities laws, rules and regulations, monitor compliance
with our Code of Ethics, and handle other matters as the Board or committee chair deems
appropriate. The Compliance Committee members are Conrad S. Ciccotello, John R. Graham and Charles
E. Heath (Chairman).
The Board of Directors role in our risk oversight reflects its responsibility under
applicable state law to oversee generally, rather than to manage, our operations. In line with this
oversight responsibility, the Board of Directors will receive reports and make inquiry at its regular
meetings and as needed regarding the nature and extent of significant risks (including investment,
compliance and valuation risks) that potentially could have a materially adverse impact on our
business operations, investment performance or reputation, but relies upon our management to assist
it in identifying and understanding the nature and extent of such risks and determining whether,
and to what extent, such risks may be eliminated or mitigated. In addition to reports and other
information received from our management regarding our investment program and activities, the Board
of Directors as part of its risk oversight efforts will meet at its regular meetings and as needed with
our Advisers Chief Compliance Officer to discuss, among other things, risk issues and issues
regarding our policies, procedures and controls. The Board of Directors may be assisted in
performing aspects of its role in risk oversight by the Audit Committee and such other standing or
special committees as may be established from time to time. For example, the Audit Committee
will regularly meet with our independent public accounting firm to review, among other things, reports
on our internal controls for financial reporting.
The Board of Directors believes that not all risks that may affect us can be identified, that
it may not be practical or cost-effective to eliminate or mitigate certain risks, that it may be
necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve our goals and
objectives, and that the processes, procedures and controls employed to address certain risks may
be limited in their effectiveness. Moreover, reports received by the directors as to risk
management matters are typically summaries of relevant information and may be inaccurate or
incomplete. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the risk management oversight of the
Board of Directors is subject to substantial limitations.
Directors and officers who are interested persons of ours or the Administrator will receive no
salary or fees from us. For the 2010 fiscal year, each Independent Director will receive from us an
annual retainer in an amount to be determined following this offering and a fee of $2,000 (and
reimbursement for related expenses) for each meeting of the Board or Audit Committee attended in
person (or $1,000 for each Board or Audit Committee meeting attended telephonically, or for each
Audit Committee meeting attended in person that is held on the same day as a Board meeting), and an
additional $1,000 for each other committee meeting attended in person or telephonically. No
director or officer is entitled to receive pension or retirement benefits from us.
Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Maryland law permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the
liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages
except for liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money,
property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty which is established by a final
judgment as being material to the cause of action. Our Charter contains such a
provision which eliminates directors and officers liability to the maximum extent permitted by
Maryland law and the 1940 Act.
Our Charter authorizes us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and the 1940 Act, to
obligate us to indemnify any present or former director or officer or any individual who, while a
director or officer of ours and at our request, serves or has served another corporation, real
estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan,
limited liability company or other
enterprise as a director, officer, partner, member manager or trustee, from and against any claim or liability to
which that person may become subject or which that person may incur by reason of his or her
service in any such capacity,
and to pay or reimburse his or her
reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding. Our Bylaws obligate us, to the
maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to indemnify any present or former director or officer or
any individual who, while a director of ours and at our request, serves or has served another
corporation,
S-17
real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, limited liability company or
other enterprise as a director, officer, partner, member, manager or trustee and who is made, or threatened to be
made, a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in any such capacity from and against
any claim or liability to which that person may become subject or which that person may incur by
reason of his or her services in such capacity and to pay or
reimburse his or her reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding. Our
obligation to indemnify any director, officer or other individual, however, is limited by the 1940
Act which prohibits us from indemnifying any director, officer or other individual from any
liability resulting from the willful misconduct, bad faith, gross negligence in the performance of
duties or reckless disregard of applicable obligations and duties of the directors, officers or
other individuals. To the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and the 1940 Act, our Charter
and Bylaws also permit us to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor
of ours in any of the capacities described above and any employee or agent of ours or a predecessor
of ours.
Maryland law requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which our Charter
does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful in the defense of any
proceeding to which he or she is made, or threatened to be made, a party by reason of his or her service in that
capacity. Maryland law permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and
officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses
actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they are made, or
threatened to be made, a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is
established that (a) the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter
giving rise to the proceeding and (1) was committed in bad faith, or (2) was the result of active
and deliberate dishonesty, (b) the director or officer actually received an improper personal
benefit in money, property or services or (c) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director
or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.
However, under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment
in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that
personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification and
then only for expenses. In addition, Maryland law permits a corporation to advance reasonable
expenses to a director or officer upon the corporations receipt of (a) a written affirmation by
the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary
for indemnification by the corporation, and (b) a written undertaking by him or her or on his behalf to
repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the corporation if it is ultimately determined that the
standard of conduct was not met.
Investment Adviser
Tortoise Capital Advisors, L.L.C. serves as our investment adviser. Our Adviser specializes in
managing portfolios of investments in MLPs and other energy companies. Our Adviser was formed in
2002 to provide portfolio management services exclusively with respect to energy infrastructure
investments. On September 15, 2009, Mariner Holdings, LLC acquired a majority interest in our
Adviser. Our Adviser is now wholly-owned by Tortoise Holdings, LLC. Mariner Holdings, LLC owns a
majority interest in Tortoise Holdings, LLC with the remaining interests held by the five members
of our Advisers investment committee and certain other senior employees of our Adviser.
Management of our Adviser, its investment committee and its funds remains unchanged since
inception. In September, 2009 the five members of our Advisers investment committee entered into
employment agreements with our Adviser.
Our
Adviser is located at 11550 Ash Street, Suite 300, Leawood,
Kansas 66211. As of June 30,
2010, our Adviser had approximately $3.6 billion in assets under management in the energy sector.
Pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement (the Advisory Agreement), our Adviser, subject
to overall supervision by the Board, manages our investments. Our Adviser regularly provides us
with investment research advice and supervision and will furnish continuously an investment program
for us, consistent with our investment objective and policies.
The investment management of our portfolio is the responsibility of a team of portfolio
managers consisting of David J. Schulte, H. Kevin Birzer, Zachary A. Hamel, Kenneth P. Malvey, and
Terry C. Matlack, all of whom are Managers of our Adviser and members of its investment committee
and share responsibility for such
S-18
investment management. It is the policy of the investment committee that any one member can
require our Adviser to sell a security and any one member can veto the committees decision to
invest in a security. All members of our Advisers investment committee are full-time employees of
our Adviser.
The following table provides information about the number of and total assets in other
accounts managed on a day-to-day basis by each of the portfolio managers as of May 31, 2010.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
Total Assets of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paying a |
|
Paying a |
|
|
Number of |
|
Total Assets of |
|
Performance |
|
Performance |
Name of Manager |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
Fee |
|
Fee |
H. Kevin Birzer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered investment companies |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$ |
2,201,251,142 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other pooled investment vehicles |
|
|
4 |
|
|
$ |
145,631,146 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
$ |
122,470,390 |
|
Other accounts |
|
|
335 |
|
|
$ |
921,724,019 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Zachary A. Hamel |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered investment companies |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$ |
2,201,251,142 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other pooled investment vehicles |
|
|
6 |
|
|
$ |
224,754,447 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
$ |
122,470,390 |
|
Other accounts |
|
|
348 |
|
|
$ |
2,058,636,356 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Kenneth P. Malvey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered investment companies |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$ |
2,201,251,142 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other pooled investment vehicles |
|
|
6 |
|
|
$ |
224,754,447 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
$ |
122,470,390 |
|
Other accounts |
|
|
348 |
|
|
$ |
2,058,636,356 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Terry C. Matlack |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered investment companies |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$ |
2,201,251,142 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other pooled investment vehicles |
|
|
4 |
|
|
$ |
145,631,146 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
$ |
122,470,390 |
|
Other accounts |
|
|
335 |
|
|
$ |
921,724,019 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
David J. Schulte |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered investment companies |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$ |
2,201,251,142 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other pooled investment vehicles |
|
|
4 |
|
|
$ |
145,631,146 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
$ |
122,470,390 |
|
Other accounts |
|
|
335 |
|
|
$ |
921,724,019 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
None of Messrs. Schulte, Matlack, Birzer, Hamel or Malvey receive any direct compensation from
us or any other of the managed accounts reflected in the table above. Messrs. Birzer, Hamel,
Malvey, Matlack and Schulte are full-time employees of our Adviser and receive a fixed salary for
the services they provide. Each of Messrs. Schulte, Matlack, Birzer, Hamel and Malvey own an equity
interest in Tortoise Holdings, LLC, the sole member of our Adviser, and each thus benefits from
increases in the net income of our Adviser.
In addition to portfolio management services, our Adviser is obligated to supply our Board and
officers with certain statistical information and reports, to oversee the maintenance of various
books and records and to arrange for the preservation of records in accordance with applicable
federal law and regulations. Under the Advisory Agreement, we pay our Adviser a fee
equal to 0.95% annually of our average monthly Managed Assets for the services rendered by it.
Managed Assets means our total assets (including any assets attributable to any leverage that may
be outstanding but excluding any net deferred tax asset) minus the sum of accrued liabilities other
than (1) net deferred tax liability, (2) debt entered into for the purpose of leverage, and (3) the
aggregate liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred shares. The Adviser has agreed to a
fee waiver of 0.25% of Managed Assets for the first year following
this offering and 0.10% of
Managed Assets for the second year following this offering.
Because the management fees paid to our Adviser are based upon a percentage of our Managed
Assets, fees paid to our Adviser are higher when we are leveraged; thus, our Adviser will have an
incentive to leverage us. Our Adviser intends to leverage us only when it believes it will serve
the best interests of our stockholders. Our average monthly Managed Assets are determined for the
purpose of calculating the management fee by taking the average of the monthly determinations of
Managed Assets during a given calendar quarter. The fees are payable for each
S-19
calendar quarter within five (5) days of the end of that quarter. Net deferred tax assets are
not included in the calculation of our management fee.
The Advisory Agreement provides that we will pay all expenses other than those expressly
stated to be payable by our Adviser, which expenses payable by us shall include, without limitation: (1) expenses of maintaining and continuing our existence and related overhead,
including, to the extent services are provided by personnel of our Adviser or its affiliates,
office space and facilities, training and benefits, (2) our registration
under the 1940 Act, (3) commissions, spreads, fees and other expenses connected with the
acquisition, holding and disposition of securities and other investments including placement and
similar fees in connection with direct placements entered into on our behalf, (4) auditing,
accounting, tax and legal service expenses, (5) taxes and interest, (6) governmental fees, (7) expenses of
listing our shares with a stock exchange, and expenses of issue, sale, repurchase and redemption
(if any) of our interests, (8) expenses of registering and qualifying us and our shares under
federal and state securities laws and of preparing and filing registration statements and
amendments for such purposes, (9) expenses of communicating with stockholders, including website
expenses and the expenses of preparing, printing and mailing press releases, reports and other
notices to stockholders and of meetings of stockholders and proxy solicitations therefor, (10)
expenses of reports to governmental officers and commissions, (11) insurance expenses, (12)
association membership dues, (13) fees, expenses and disbursements of custodians and subcustodians
for all services to us (including without limitation safekeeping of funds, securities and other
investments, keeping of books, accounts and records, and determination of NAVs), (14) fees,
expenses and disbursements of transfer agents, dividend and interest paying agents, stockholder
servicing agents and registrars for all services to us, (15) compensation and expenses of our
directors who are not members of our Advisers organization,
(16) pricing, valuation and other consulting or analytical services
employed by us, (17) all expenses incurred in connection with leveraging of our assets through a
line of credit or other indebtedness or issuing and maintaining notes or preferred stock, (18) all
expenses incurred in connection with offerings of our common and preferred stock and debt
securities, and (19) such non-recurring items as may arise, including expenses incurred in
connection with litigation, proceedings and claims and our obligation to indemnify our directors,
officers and stockholders with respect thereto.
The Advisory Agreement provides that our Adviser will not be liable in any way for any
default, failure or defect in any of the securities comprising the portfolio if it has satisfied
the duties and the standard of care, diligence and skill set forth in the Advisory Agreement.
However, our Adviser will be liable to us for any loss, damage, claim, cost, charge, expense or
liability resulting from our Advisers willful misconduct, bad faith or gross negligence or
disregard by our Adviser of our Advisers duties or standard of care, diligence and skill set forth
in the Advisory Agreement or a material breach or default of our Advisers obligations under the
Advisory Agreement.
The Advisory Agreement has a term ending on the second anniversary of this offering and may be
continued from year to year thereafter as provided in the 1940 Act. The Advisory Agreement will be
submitted to the Board of Directors for renewal each year following its initial term. The Advisory
Agreement will continue from year to year, provided such continuance is approved by a majority of
the Board or by vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities. In
addition, after its initial term, the Advisory Agreement must be approved annually by vote of a majority of the Independent
Directors. The Advisory Agreement may be terminated by our Adviser or us, without penalty, on sixty
(60) days written notice to the other. The Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically in the
event of its assignment.
Code of Ethics
We and our Adviser have each adopted a Code of Ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act, which
is applicable to officers, directors and designated employees of us and our Adviser (collectively,
the Codes). Subject to certain limitations, the Codes permit those officers, directors and
designated employees of ours and our Adviser (Covered Persons) to invest in securities, including
securities that may be purchased or held by us. The Codes contain provisions and requirements
designed to identify and address certain conflicts of interest between personal investment
activities of Covered Persons and the interests of investment advisory clients such as ours. Among
other things, the Codes prohibit certain types of transactions absent prior approval, imposes time
periods during which personal transactions may not be made in certain securities, and requires
submission of duplicate broker confirmations and statements and quarterly reporting of securities
transactions. Exceptions to these and other provisions of the Codes may be granted in particular
circumstances after review by appropriate personnel.
Each of the principal underwriters named in our prospectus dated July 27, 2010 has
also adopted a code of ethics.
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Our Code of Ethics can be reviewed and copied at the SECs Public Reference Room in
Washington, D.C. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by
calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090. Our code of ethics is also available on the EDGAR Database on
the SECs Internet site at http://www.sec.gov, and, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by
electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov or by writing the SECs
Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102.
Our Code of Ethics is also available on our Advisers website at www.tortoiseadvisors.com.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
Execution of Portfolio Transactions
Our Adviser is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for us, broker-dealer
selection, and negotiation of brokerage commission rates. Our Advisers primary consideration in
effecting a security transaction will be to obtain the best execution. In selecting a broker-dealer
to execute each particular transaction, our Adviser will take the following into consideration: the
best net price available; the reliability, integrity and financial condition of the broker-dealer;
the size of and the difficulty in executing the order; and the value of the expected contribution
of the broker-dealer to our investment performance on a continuing basis. Accordingly, the price to
us in any transaction may be less favorable than that available from another broker-dealer if the
difference is reasonably justified by other aspects of the execution services offered.
The ability to do direct investments in MLP securities may impact our ability to meet our
investment objective because of the limited number of MLP securities available for investment and,
in some cases, the relatively small trading volumes of certain securities. Accordingly, we may,
from time to time, enter into arrangements with placement agents in connection with direct
placement transactions.
In evaluating placement agent proposals, we will consider each brokers access to issuers of
MLP securities and experience in the MLP market, particularly the direct placement market. In
addition to these factors, we will consider whether the proposed services are customary, whether
the proposed fee schedules are within the range of customary rates, whether any proposal would
obligate us to enter into transactions involving a minimum fee, dollar amount or volume of
securities, or into any transaction whatsoever, and other terms such as indemnification provisions.
Subject to such policies as the Board may from time to time determine, our Adviser shall not
be deemed to have acted unlawfully or to have breached any duty solely by reason of its having
caused us to pay a broker or dealer that provides brokerage and research services to our Adviser an
amount of commission for effecting an investment transaction in excess of the amount of commission
another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction, if our Adviser
determines in good faith that such amount of commission was reasonable in relation to the value of
the brokerage and research services provided by such broker or dealer, viewed in terms of either
that particular transaction or our Advisers overall responsibilities with respect to us and to
other clients of our Adviser as to which our Adviser exercises investment discretion. Our Adviser
is further authorized to allocate the orders placed by it on behalf of us to such brokers and
dealers who also provide research or statistical material or other services to us, our Adviser or
to any sub-adviser. Such allocation shall be in such amounts and proportions as our Adviser shall
determine, and our Adviser will report on said allocations regularly to the Board indicating the
brokers to whom such allocations have been made and the basis therefor.
Portfolio Turnover
Our annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly from year to year. Although we cannot
accurately predict our annual portfolio turnover rate, it is not expected to exceed 30% under
normal circumstances. However, portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the
execution of our investment decisions. A higher turnover rate results in correspondingly greater
brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by us. High portfolio
turnover also may result in our recognition of gains that will increase our current and accumulated
earnings and profits resulting in a greater portion of our distributions being treated as taxable
dividends for Federal income tax purposes. See Certain Federal Income Tax Matters.
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NET ASSET VALUE
We will compute the NAV of our common stock as of the close of trading of the NYSE (normally
4:00 p.m. Eastern time) no less frequently than the last business day of each calendar month and at
such other times as the Board of Directors may determine. When considering an offering of common
stock, we will calculate our NAV on a more frequent basis, generally daily, to the extent necessary
to comply with the provisions of the 1940 Act. We currently intend to make our NAV available for
publication weekly on our Advisers website. The NAV per share of common stock equals our NAV
divided by the number of outstanding shares of common stock. Our NAV equals the value of our total
assets (the value of the securities held plus cash or other assets, including distributions and
interest accrued but not yet received and net deferred tax assets) less: (i) all of our liabilities
(including accrued expenses and both current and net deferred tax liabilities); (ii) accumulated
and unpaid distributions on any outstanding preferred stock; (iii) the aggregate liquidation
preference of any outstanding preferred stock; (iv) accrued and unpaid interest payments on any
outstanding indebtedness; (v) the aggregate principal amount of any outstanding indebtedness; and
(vi) any distributions payable on our common stock.
We
will determine the value of our assets and liabilities in accordance with valuation
procedures adopted by our Board of Directors. Securities for which market quotations are readily
available shall be valued at market value. If a market value cannot be obtained or if our
Adviser determines that the value of a security as so obtained does
not accurately represent a fair value as
of the measurement date (due to a significant development subsequent to the time its price is
determined or otherwise), value for the security shall be determined pursuant to the
methodologies established by our Board of Directors.
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The value for equity securities and equity-related securities is determined by
using readily available market quotations from the principal market. For equity and
equity-related securities that are freely tradable and listed on a securities exchange or
over the counter market, value is determined using the last sale price on that
exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) market on the measurement date. If the security is
listed on more than one exchange, we will use the price of the exchange that we consider to
be the principal exchange on which the security is traded. If a security is traded on the
measurement date, then the last reported sale price on the exchange or OTC market on which
the security is principally traded, up to the time of valuation, is used. If there were no
reported sales on the securitys principal exchange or OTC market on the measurement date,
then the average between the last bid price and last asked price, as reported by the
pricing service, shall be used. We will obtain direct written broker-dealer quotations if a
security is not traded on an exchange or quotations are not available from an approved
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An equity security of a publicly traded company acquired in a private placement
transaction without registration is subject to restrictions on resale that can affect the
securitys liquidity and value. Such securities that are convertible into publicly
traded common shares or securities that may be sold pursuant to Rule 144, will generally be
valued based on the value of the freely tradable common share counterpart less an
applicable discount. Generally, the discount will initially be equal to the discount at
which we purchased the securities. To the extent that such securities are convertible or
otherwise become freely tradable within a timeframe that may be reasonably determined, an
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Short-term securities, including bonds, notes, debentures and other fixed income
securities, and money market instruments such as certificates of deposit, commercial paper,
bankers acceptances and obligations of domestic and foreign banks, with remaining
maturities of 60 days or less are valued on an amortized
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Other assets will be valued pursuant to written valuation procedures
adopted by our Board of Directors, or if a market value cannot be obtained or if our
Adviser determines that the value of a security as so obtained does
not accurately represent a fair
value as of the measurement date (due to a significant development subsequent to the time
its price is determined or otherwise), value shall be determined pursuant to the
methodologies established by our Board of Directors. |
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In computing net asset value, we will review the valuation of the obligation for income taxes
separately for current taxes and deferred taxes due to the differing impact of each on (i) the
anticipated timing of required tax payments and (ii) the impact of each on the treatment of
distributions by us to our stockholders.
The allocation between current and deferred income taxes is determined based upon the value of
assets reported for book purposes compared to the respective net tax bases of assets for federal
income tax purposes. It is anticipated that cash distributions from MLPs in which we invest will
not equal the amount of taxable income allocable to us primarily as a result of depreciation and
amortization deductions recorded by the MLPs. This may result, in effect, in a portion of the cash
distribution received by us not being treated as income for federal income tax purposes. The
relative portion of such distributions not treated as income for tax purposes will vary among the
MLPs, and also will vary year by year for each MLP, but in each case will reduce our remaining tax
basis, if any, in the particular MLP. The Adviser will be able to directly confirm the portion of
each distribution recognized as taxable income when it receives annual tax reporting information
from each MLP.
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX MATTERS
The following is a general summary of certain federal income tax considerations affecting us
and our stockholders. This discussion does not purport to be complete or to deal with all aspects
of federal income taxation that may be relevant to stockholders in light of their particular
circumstances or who are subject to special rules, such as banks, thrift institutions and certain
other financial institutions, real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies,
insurance companies, brokers and dealers in securities or currencies, certain securities traders,
tax-exempt investors, individual retirement accounts, certain tax-deferred accounts, foreign
investors, person who will hold the securities as a position in a straddle, hedge or as part of
a constructive sale for federal income tax purposes. In addition, this discussion does not
address the possible application of the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax.
Tax matters are very complicated, and the tax consequences of an investment in and holding of
our securities will depend on the particular facts of each investors situation. Investors are
advised to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the application to their own
circumstances of the general federal income taxation rules described below and with respect to
other federal, state, local or foreign tax consequences to them before making an investment in our
securities. Unless otherwise noted, this discussion assumes that investors are U.S. persons and
hold our securities as capital assets. You will be a U.S. holder if
you are: (i) an individual who is a
citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation or other
entity taxable as a corporation created in or organized under the
laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of
Columbia; (iii) an estate the income of which is subject to federal
income taxation regardless of its source; or (iv) a trust (1) if a
U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the
administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the
authority to control all substantial decisions of such trust or (2)
that has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury
regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
If
a partnership (including any other entity that is treated as a partnership
for federal income tax purposes) holds our common shares, the federal
income tax treatment of a partner in such partnership generally will
depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the
partnership. Partners of a partnership that holds our common shares
should consult their tax adviser.
This summary is based on the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, the applicable Treasury
regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial authority and current administrative rulings, as in
effect on the date of this Statement of Additional Information, all of which may change. Any change
could apply retroactively and could affect the continued validity of this summary.
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Company Federal Income Taxation. We are treated as a C corporation for federal and state
income tax purposes. Thus, we are obligated to pay federal and state income tax on our taxable
income. We will invest our assets primarily in equity securities of MLPs, which generally are treated as partnerships
for federal income tax purposes. As a partner in the MLPs, we must report our allocable share of
the MLPs taxable income in computing our taxable income regardless of whether the MLPs make any
distributions. Based upon our review of the historic results of the
type of MLPs in which we intend to invest, we expect that the cash flow received by us, at least initially, with respect to our MLP
investments will exceed the taxable income allocated to us. There is no assurance that our
expectation regarding the tax character of MLP distributions will be realized. If this expectation
is not realized, there may be greater tax expense borne by us and less cash available to distribute
to stockholders or to pay to creditors. In addition, we will take into account in determining our
taxable income the amounts of gain or loss recognized on the sale of MLP interests.
Currently, the maximum regular federal income tax rate for a corporation is 35 percent. We may
be subject to a 20 percent federal alternative minimum tax on our alternative minimum taxable
income to the extent that the alternative minimum tax exceeds our regular federal income tax.
The extent to which we are required to pay corporate income tax or
alternative minimum tax could materially reduce our cash available to
make distributions on the common shares.
We are not treated as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code. The
Internal Revenue Code generally provides that a regulated investment company does not pay an entity
level income tax, provided that it distributes all or substantially all of its income. Our assets
do not, and are not expected to, meet current tests for qualification as a regulated investment
company for federal income tax purposes. The regulated investment company taxation rules therefore
have no application to us or to our stockholders. Although changes to the federal income tax laws
permit regulated investment companies to invest up to 25% of their total assets in securities of
certain MLPs, such changes still would not allow us to pursue our objective. Accordingly, we do not
intend to change our federal income tax status as a result of such legislation.
Because we are treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, our financial
statements reflect deferred tax assets or liabilities according to generally accepted accounting
principles. This differs from many closed-end funds that are taxed as regulated investment
companies under the Internal Revenue Code. Deferred income taxes reflect (i) taxes on unrealized
gains/(losses), which are attributable to the temporary difference between fair market value and
tax basis, (ii) the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets
and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes and
(iii) the net tax benefit of accumulated net operating losses and capital losses. To the extent we
have a deferred tax asset, consideration is given as to whether or not a valuation allowance is
required. We will periodically assess the need to establish a valuation allowance for deferred tax
assets based on the criterion established by the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards,
Accounting for Income Taxes (SFAS No. 109) that it is more likely than not that some portion or
all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Our assessment considers, among other matters,
the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future
profitability (which are highly dependent on future MLP cash distributions), the duration of
statutory carryforward periods and the associated risk that operating loss and capital loss
carryforwards may expire unused. In addition, a substantial change in our ownership may limit our
ability to utilize our loss carryforwards. We will periodically review the recoverability of
deferred tax assets based on the weight of available evidence. Accordingly, realization of a
deferred tax asset is dependent on whether there will be sufficient taxable income of the
appropriate character within the carryforward periods to realize a portion or all of the deferred
tax benefit. We will accrue deferred federal income tax liability associated with that portion of
MLP distributions considered to be a tax-deferred return of capital, as well as capital
appreciation of our investments. Upon the sale of an MLP security, we may be liable for previously
deferred taxes, if any. We will rely to some extent on information provided by the MLPs, which is
not necessarily timely, to estimate deferred tax liability for purposes of financial statement
reporting and determining our NAV. From time to time we will modify our estimates or assumptions
regarding our deferred tax liability as new information becomes available.
Federal Income Taxation of MLPs. MLPs are similar to corporations in many respects, but
differ in others, especially in the way they are taxed for federal income tax purposes. A
corporation is a distinct legal entity, separate from its stockholders and employees and is treated
as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes as well. Like individual taxpayers, a
corporation must pay a federal income tax on its income. To the extent the corporation distributes
its income to its stockholders in the form of dividends, the stockholders must pay federal income
tax on the dividends they receive. For this reason, it is said that corporate income is
double-taxed, or taxed at two levels.
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An MLP that satisfies the Qualifying Income rules described below, and does not elect
otherwise, is treated for federal income tax purposes as a pass-through entity. No federal income
tax is paid at the partnership level. A partnerships income is considered earned by all the
partners; it is allocated among all the partners in proportion to their interests in the
partnership (generally as provided in the partnership agreement), and each partner pays tax on his,
her or its share of the partnerships income. All the other items that go into determining taxable
income and tax owed are passed through to the partners as well capital gains and losses,
deductions, credits, etc. Partnership income is thus said to be single-taxed or taxed only at one
level that of the partner.
The Internal Revenue Code generally requires publicly traded partnerships to be treated as
corporations for federal income tax purposes. However, if the publicly traded partnership satisfies
certain requirements and does not elect otherwise, the publicly traded partnership will be taxed as
a partnership for federal income tax purposes, referred to herein as an MLP. Under these
requirements, an MLP must derive each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from Qualifying
Income.
Qualifying Income for MLPs includes interest, dividends, real estate rents, gain from the sale
or disposition of real property, certain income and gain from commodities or commodity futures, and
income and gain from certain mineral or natural resources activities. Mineral or natural resources
activities that generate Qualifying Income include income and gains from the exploration,
development, mining or production, processing, refining, transportation (including pipelines
transporting gas, oil or products thereof), or the marketing of any mineral or natural resource
(including fertilizer, geothermal energy, and timber), industrial source carbon dioxide, or
transportation or storage of certain alcohol-based fuels or certain biodiesel fuels. This means
that most MLPs today are in energy, timber, or real estate related businesses.
Because the MLP itself does not pay federal income tax, its income or loss is allocated to its
investors, irrespective of whether the investors receive any cash or other payment from the MLP. It
is important to note that an MLP investor is taxed on his share of partnership income whether or
not he actually receives any cash or other property from the partnership. The tax is based not on
money or other property he actually receives, but his proportionate share of what the partnership
earns. However, most MLPs make it a policy to make quarterly distributions to their partners that
will comfortably exceed any income tax owed. Although they resemble corporate dividends, MLP
distributions are treated differently for federal income tax purposes. The MLP distribution is
treated as a return of capital to the extent of the investors basis in his MLP interest and, to
the extent the distribution exceeds the investors basis in the MLP interest, as capital gain. The
investors original basis is generally the price paid for the units. The basis is adjusted downward
with each distribution and allocation of deductions (such as depreciation) and losses, and upwards
with each allocation of income and gain.
The partner generally will not be taxed on MLP distributions until (1) he sells his MLP units
and pays tax on his gain, which gain is increased due to the basis decrease resulting from prior
distributions; or (2) his basis reaches zero. When the units are sold, the difference between the
sales price and the investors adjusted basis is the gain or loss for federal income tax purposes.
At tax filing season an MLP investor will receive a Schedule K-1 form showing the investors
share of each item of the partnerships income, gain, loss, deductions and credits. The investor
will use that information to figure the investors taxable income (MLPs generally provide their
investors with material that walks them through all the steps). If there is net income derived from
the MLP, the investor pays federal income tax at his, her or its tax rate. If there is a net loss
derived from the MLP, it is generally considered a passive loss under the Internal Revenue Code
and generally may not be used to offset income from other sources, but must be carried forward.
Because we are a corporation, we, and not our stockholders, will report the income or loss of
the MLPs. Thus, our stockholders will not have to deal with any Schedules K-1 reporting income and
loss items of the MLPs. Stockholders, instead, will receive a Form 1099 from us. In addition, due
to our broad public ownership, we do not expect to be subject to the passive loss limitation rules
mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
Federal Income Tax Treatment of Holders of Common Stock. Unlike a holder of a direct interest
in MLPs, a stockholder will not include its allocable share of our income, gains, losses or
deductions in computing its own taxable income. Instead, since we are of the opinion that, under
present law, the common stock will constitute equity, distributions with respect to such shares
(other than distributions in redemption of shares subject to Section 302(b) of the
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Internal Revenue Code) will generally constitute dividends to the extent of our allocable
current or accumulated earnings and profits, as calculated for federal income tax purposes.
Generally, a corporations earnings and profits are computed based upon taxable income, with
certain specified adjustments. As explained above, based upon the historic performance of the MLPs,
we anticipate that the distributed cash from the MLPs will exceed our share of the MLPs income and
our gain on the sale of MLP interests. Our current earnings and profits may be increased if our
portfolio turnover is increased. Thus,
a reduction in the return of capital portion of the distributions we receive from the MLPs or an
increase in our portfolio turnover may increase our current earnings and profits and increase the
portion of our distributions treated as dividends as opposed to a tax deferred return of capital.
In addition, earnings and profits are treated generally, for federal income tax purposes, as first
being used to pay distributions on preferred stock, and then to the extent remaining, if any, to
pay distributions on the common stock. To the extent that distributions to a stockholder exceed our
current and accumulated earnings and profits, the stockholders basis in shares of stock with
respect to which the distribution is made will be reduced, which may increase the amount of gain
realized upon the sale of such shares. If a stockholder has no further basis in its shares, the
stockholder will report any excess distributions as capital gain if the stockholder holds such
shares as a capital asset.
Dividends of current or accumulated earnings and profits generally will be taxable as ordinary
income to holders but are expected to be treated as qualified dividend income that is generally
subject to reduced rates of federal income taxation for noncorporate investors and are also
expected to be eligible for the dividends received deduction available to corporate stockholders
under Section 243 of the Internal Revenue Code. Under federal income tax law, qualified dividend
income received by individual and other noncorporate stockholders is taxed at long-term capital
gain rates, which as of the date of this prospectus reach a maximum of 15%. Qualified dividend
income generally includes dividends from domestic corporations and dividends from non-U.S.
corporations that meet certain criteria. To be treated as qualified dividend income, the
stockholder must hold the shares paying otherwise qualifying dividend income more than 60 days
during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date. A stockholders holding
period may be reduced for purposes of this rule if the stockholder engages in certain risk
reduction transactions with respect to the common stock. The provisions of the Internal Revenue
Code applicable to qualified dividend income are effective through December 31, 2010. Thereafter,
higher federal income tax rates (up to 39.6%) will apply unless further legislative action is taken.
Corporate holders should be aware that certain limitations apply to the availability of the
dividends received deduction, including limitations on the aggregate amount of the deduction that
may be claimed and limitations based on the holding period of the shares of common stock on which
the dividend is paid, which holding period may be reduced if the holder engages in risk reduction
transactions with respect to its shares. Corporate holders should consult their own tax advisors
regarding the application of these limitations to their particular situation.
If a common stockholder participates in our Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan, such
stockholder will be treated as receiving the amount of the distributions made by the Company, which
amount generally will be either equal to the amount of the cash distribution the stockholder would
have received if the stockholder had elected to receive cash or, for shares issued by the Company,
the fair market value of the shares issued to the stockholder.
Sale of Shares. The sale of shares of common stock by holders will generally be a taxable
transaction for federal income tax purposes. Holders of shares of stock who sell such shares will
generally recognize gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the net proceeds of
the sale and their adjusted tax basis in the shares sold. If the shares are held as a capital asset
at the time of the sale, the gain or loss will generally be a capital gain or loss. Similarly, a
redemption by us (including a redemption resulting from our liquidation), if any, of all the shares
actually and constructively held by a stockholder generally will give rise to capital gain or loss
under Section 302(b) of the Internal Revenue Code, provided that the redemption proceeds do not
represent declared but unpaid dividends. Other redemptions may also give rise to capital gain or
loss, but certain conditions imposed by Section 302(b) of the Internal Revenue Code must be
satisfied to achieve such treatment.
Capital gain or loss will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares were held
for more than one year and will be short-term capital gain or loss if the disposed shares were held
for one year or less. Net long-term capital gain recognized by a noncorporate U.S. holder generally
will be subject to federal income tax at a lower rate (currently a maximum rate of 15%, which rate is scheduled to increase to 20% for taxable years after 2010) than net
short-term capital gain or ordinary income (currently a maximum rate of
35%, which rate is scheduled to increase to 39.6% for taxable years after 2010).
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For corporate holders, capital gain is generally taxed at the same rate as ordinary
income, that is, currently at a maximum rate of 35%. A holders ability to deduct capital losses
may be limited.
Losses on sales or other dispositions of shares may be disallowed under wash sale rules in
the event of other investments in the Company (including those made pursuant to reinvestment of
dividends) or other substantially identical stock or securities within a period of 61 days
beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after a sale or other disposition of shares. In such a
case, the disallowed portion of any loss generally would be included in the U.S. federal income tax
basis of the shares acquired. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their
individual circumstances to determine whether any particular transaction in the Companys shares is
properly treated as a sale for U.S. federal income tax purposes and the tax treatment of any gains
or losses recognized in such transactions.
Medicare Tax. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, recently enacted
legislation will generally impose a 3.8 percent tax on the net investment income of certain
individuals with a modified adjusted gross income of over $200,000 ($250,000 in the case of joint
filers) and on the undistributed net investment income of certain estates and trusts. For these
purposes, net investment income will generally include interest, dividends (including dividends
paid with respect to our stock), annuities, royalties, rent, net gain attributable to the
disposition of property not held in a trade or business (including net gain from the sale, exchange
or other taxable disposition of shares of our stock) and certain other income, but will be reduced
by any deductions properly allocable to such income or net gain.
Investment by Tax-Exempt Investors and Regulated Investment Companies. Employee benefit plans,
other tax-exempt organizations and regulated investment companies may want to invest in our
securities. Employee benefit plans and most other organizations exempt from federal income tax,
including individual retirement accounts and other retirement plans, are subject to federal income
tax on unrelated business taxable income (UBTI). Because we are a corporation for federal income
tax purposes, an owner of shares of common stock will not report on its federal income tax return
any of our items of income, gain, loss and deduction. Therefore, a tax-exempt investor generally
will not have UBTI attributable to its ownership or sale of our common stock unless its ownership
of the stock is debt-financed. In general, stock would be debt-financed if the tax-exempt owner of
stock incurs debt to acquire the stock or otherwise incurs or maintains debt that would not have
been incurred or maintained if the stock had not been acquired.
For federal income tax purposes, a regulated investment company or mutual fund, may not have
more than 25% of the value of its total assets, at the close of any quarter, invested in the
securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships, which will include most MLPs.
Shares of our common stock are not securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership and will
not be treated as such for purposes of calculating the limitation imposed upon regulated investment
companies.
Information
and Backup Withholding. In general, information reporting will
apply to distributions in respect of common stock and the proceeds
from the sale, exchange or other disposition of common stock that
are paid to a U.S. holder within the United States (and in certain
cases, outside the United States), unless the holder is an exempt
recipient. In addition, we may be required to withhold, for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, such payments payable to stockholders who fail to
provide us with their correct taxpayer identification number, who fail to make required
certifications or who have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that they are
subject to backup withholding (or if we have been so notified). Certain corporate and other
stockholders specified in the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder are exempt from
backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be
credited against the stockholders U.S. federal income tax liability provided the appropriate
information is furnished to the IRS in a timely manner.
Other Taxation. Foreign stockholders, including stockholders who are nonresident alien
individuals, may be subject to U.S. withholding tax on certain distributions at a rate of 30% or
such lower rates as may be prescribed by any applicable treaty. Our distributions also may be
subject to state and local taxes.
Recently Enacted Legislation. Beginning with payments made after December 31, 2012, recently
enacted legislation will generally impose a 30% withholding tax on dividends paid with respect to
our common stock and the gross proceeds from a disposition of our common stock paid to (i) a
foreign financial institution (as defined in Section 1471(d)(4) of the Code) unless the foreign
financial institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. Treasury Department to collect and
disclose information regarding its U.S. account holders (including certain account holders that are
foreign entities that have U.S. owners) and satisfies certain other requirements, and (ii) certain
other non-U.S. entities unless the entity provides the payor with certain information regarding
direct and indirect U.S. owners of the entity, or certifies that it has no such U.S. owners, and
complies with certain other
S-27
requirements. You are encouraged to consult with your own tax advisor
regarding the possible implications of this recently enacted legislation on your investment in our
common stock.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES
We and our Adviser have adopted proxy voting policies and procedures (Proxy Policy), which
they believe are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in our best interests and the
best interests of our stockholders. Subject to the oversight of the Board of Directors, the Board
has delegated responsibility for implementing the Proxy Policy to our Adviser. Because of the
unique nature of MLPs in which we primarily invest, our Adviser will evaluate each proxy on a
case-by-case basis. Because proxies of MLPs are expected to relate only to extraordinary measures,
we do not believe that it is prudent to adopt pre-established voting guidelines.
In the event requests for proxies are received with respect to the voting of equity securities
other than MLP equity units, on routine matters, such as election of directors or approval of
auditors, the proxies usually will be voted with management unless our Adviser determines that it
has a conflict or our Adviser determines that there are other reasons not to vote with management.
On non-routine matters, such as amendments to governing instruments, proposals relating to
compensation and stock option and equity compensation plans, corporate governance proposals and
stockholder proposals, our Adviser will vote, or abstain from voting if deemed appropriate, on a
case by case basis in a manner that it believes to be in the best economic interest of our
stockholders. In the event requests for proxies are received with respect to debt securities, our
Adviser will vote on a case by case basis in a manner that it believes to be in the best economic
interest of our stockholders.
The Chief Executive Officer is responsible for monitoring our actions and ensuring that: (1)
proxies are received and forwarded to the appropriate decision makers; and (2) proxies are voted in
a timely manner upon receipt of voting instructions. We are not responsible for voting proxies that
we do not receive, but will make reasonable efforts to obtain missing proxies. The Chief Executive
Officer will implement procedures to identify and monitor potential conflicts of interest that
could affect the proxy voting process, including: (1) significant client relationships; (2) other
potential material business relationships; and (3) material personal and family relationships. All
decisions regarding proxy voting will be determined by the Investment
Committee of our Adviser, or a manager of our Adviser designated by
the Investment Committee, and
will be executed by the Chief Executive Officer or, if the proxy may
be voted electronically, electronically voted by the Chief Executive
Officer or his designee. Every effort will be made to consult with the
portfolio manager and/or analyst covering the security. We may determine not to vote a particular
proxy, if the costs and burdens exceed the benefits of voting (e.g., when securities are subject to
loan or to share blocking restrictions).
If a request for proxy presents a conflict of interest between our stockholders, on the one
hand, and our Adviser, the principal underwriters, or any affiliated persons of ours, on the other
hand, our management may: (1) disclose the potential conflict to the Board of Directors and obtain
consent; or (2) establish an ethical wall or other informational barrier between the persons
involved in the conflict and the persons making the voting decisions.
Information regarding how we vote proxies will be available without charge by calling us at
(866) 362-9331. You may also access this information on the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.
Our Advisers website at http://www.tortoiseadvisors.com provides a link to all of our reports
filed with the SEC.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Ernst & Young LLP, 1200 Main Street, Kansas City, Missouri, serves as our independent
registered public accounting firm. Ernst & Young provides audit and audit-related services, and tax
return preparation and assistance to us.
ADMINISTRATOR, CUSTODIAN AND FUND ACCOUNTANT
U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, will
serve as our administrator and provide certain back-office support
such as oversight and supervision of the payment of expenses and
preparation of financial statements and related schedules. We will pay the administrator a monthly
fee computed at an annual rate of 0.04%
S-28
of the
first $1 billion of our assets, 0.01% on the
next $500 million of our assets and 0.005% on the balance of our
assets.
U.S. Bank National Association, 1555 N. River Center Dr., Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212, will
serve as our custodian.
U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 will
serve as our fund accountant.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A Registration Statement on Form N-2, including amendments thereto, relating to the common
stock, preferred stock and debt securities offered hereby, has been filed by us with the SEC. The
prospectus and this statement of additional information do not contain all of the information set
forth in the Registration Statement, including any exhibits and schedules thereto. Please refer to
the Registration Statement for further information with respect to us and the offering of our
securities. Statements contained in the prospectus and this statement of additional information as
to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily complete and in
each instance reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit
to a Registration Statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference.
Copies of the Registration Statement may be inspected without charge at the SECs principal office
in Washington, D.C., and copies of all or any part thereof may be obtained from the SEC upon the
payment of certain fees prescribed by the SEC.
S-29
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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F-2 |
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Audited Financial Statements |
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F-3 |
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F-4 |
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F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Shareholder and Board of Directors
Tortoise MLP Corp.
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Tortoise MLP Corp. (the
Company) as of May 3, 2010. The statement of assets and liabilities is the responsibility of the
Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the statement of assets and
liabilities based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the statement of assets and liabilities is free of material
misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Companys internal control over
financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting
as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for
the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over
financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on
a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the statement of assets and
liabilities, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management,
and evaluating the overall statement of assets and liabilities presentation. We believe that our
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the statement of assets and liabilities referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of Tortoise MLP Corp. at May 3, 2010, in conformity with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Kansas City, Missouri
May 5, 2010
except for Note 5, as to which the date is
June 23, 2010
F-2
TORTOISE MLP CORP.
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Assets: |
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Cash |
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$ |
100,000 |
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Receivable from Adviser for organization costs |
|
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16,405 |
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Deferred offering costs |
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17,925 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
134,330 |
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Liabilities: |
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Accrued offering costs |
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$ |
17,925 |
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Payable for organization costs |
|
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16,405 |
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Total liabilities |
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34,330 |
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Net assets applicable to common stockholders |
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$ |
100,000 |
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Net Assets Applicable to Common Stockholders Consist of: |
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Capital stock, $0.001 par value; 4,188 shares issued and outstanding (1,000,000 shares authorized) |
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$ |
4 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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|
99,996 |
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|
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Net assets applicable to common stockholders |
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$ |
100,000 |
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Net Asset Value per common share outstanding (net assets applicable to common stock, divided by common shares outstanding) |
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$ |
23.88 |
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|
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the statement of assets and liabilities.
F-3
TORTOISE MLP CORP.
Notes to Statement of Assets and Liabilities
May 3, 2010
1. Organization
Tortoise MLP Corp. (the Company) was organized as a Maryland corporation on April 23, 2010, and
is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company under the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). The Company has had no operations other than the sale of 4,188
shares to the Subscriber on May 3, 2010. The Company is planning a public offering of its common
stock as soon as practicable after the effective date of its registration statement.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
The following is a listing of the significant accounting policies that the Company will implement
upon the commencement of its operations:
A. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect
the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
B. Investment Valuation The Company plans to primarily own securities that are listed on a
securities exchange or over-the-counter market. The Company will value those securities at their
last sale price on that exchange or over-the-counter market on the valuation date. If the security
is listed on more than one exchange, the Company will use the price of the exchange that it
considers to be the principal exchange on which the security is traded. Securities listed on the
NASDAQ will be valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price, which may not necessarily represent the
last sale price. If there has been no sale on such exchange or over-the-counter market on such
day, the security will be valued at the mean between the bid and last ask price on such day.
The Company may invest in restricted securities. Restricted securities are subject to statutory or
contractual restrictions on their public resale, which may make it more difficult to obtain a
valuation and may limit the Companys ability to dispose of them. Investments in restricted
securities and other securities for which market quotations are not readily available will be
valued in good faith by using fair value procedures approved by the Board of Directors. Such fair
value procedures consider factors such as discounts to publicly traded issues, time until
conversion date, securities with similar yields, quality, type of issue, coupon, duration and
rating. If events occur that will affect the value of the Companys portfolio securities before the
net asset value has been calculated (a significant event), the portfolio securities so affected
will generally be priced using fair value procedures.
An equity security of a publicly traded company acquired in a direct placement transaction may be
subject to restrictions on resale that can affect the securitys liquidity and fair value. Such
securities that are convertible into, or otherwise will become, a freely tradable security will be
valued based on the market value of the freely tradable security less an applicable discount.
Generally, the discount will initially be equal to the discount at which the Company purchased the
securities. To the extent that such securities are convertible or otherwise become freely tradable
within a time frame that may be reasonably determined, an amortization schedule may be used to
determine the discount.
The Company will generally value short-term debt securities at prices based on market quotations
for such securities, except those securities purchased with 60 days or less to maturity will be
valued on the basis of amortized cost, which approximates market value.
C. Security Transactions and Investment Income Security transactions will be accounted for on
the date the securities are purchased or sold (trade date). Realized gains and losses will be
reported on an identified cost basis. Interest income is recognized on the accrual basis,
including amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Dividend and distribution income
will be recorded on the ex-dividend date. Distributions received from the Companys investments in
master limited partnerships (MLPs), generally will be comprised of ordinary income, capital gains
and return of capital from the MLPs. The Company will allocate distributions between investment
income and return of capital based on estimates made at the time such distributions are received.
Such estimates are based on historical information available from each MLP and other industry
sources. These estimates may subsequently be revised based on actual allocations received from the
MLPs after their tax reporting periods are concluded, as the actual character of these
distributions is not known until after the fiscal year end of the Company.
D. Distributions to Shareholders Once the Company is fully invested and to the extent it
receives income, the Company intends to make quarterly cash distributions to common stockholders.
Distributions to stockholders will be recorded on the ex-dividend date. The character of dividends
made during the year from net investment income, net realized gains, or other sources may differ
from their ultimate characterization for federal income tax purposes.
E. Federal Income Taxation The Company is treated as a corporation for federal and state income
tax purposes, and is obligated to pay federal and state income tax on its taxable income. The
Company intends to invest its assets primarily in MLPs, which generally are treated as partnerships
for federal income tax purposes. As a partner in the
F-4
MLPs, the Company will report its allocable
share of the MLPs taxable income in computing its own taxable income. The Companys tax expense or
benefit will be included in the Statement of Operations based on the component of income or gains
(losses) to which such expense or benefit relates. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax
effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for
financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is
recognized if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some
portion or all of the deferred income tax asset will not be realized. Future realization of
deferred income tax assets ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income in
either the carryback or carryforward period under the tax law.
F. Organization Expenses and Offering Costs Tortoise Capital Advisors, L.L.C. (the Adviser)
has agreed to pay the costs related to the Companys formation. The Adviser has also agreed to pay
certain offering costs to the extent they exceed an amount per share to be determined based on the
number of shares sold in the initial public offering. Deferred offering costs paid by the Company
will be charged as a reduction of paid-in capital at the completion of the Companys initial public
offering.
G. Indemnifications - Under the Companys organizational documents, its officers and directors are
indemnified against certain liabilities arising out of the performance of their duties to the
Company. In addition, in the normal course of business, the Company may enter into contracts that
provide general indemnification to other parties. The Companys maximum exposure under these
arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Company
that have not yet occurred, and may not occur. However, the Company has not had prior claims or
losses pursuant to these contracts and expects the risk of loss to be remote.
3. Concentration of Risk
The Companys investment objective is to seek a high level of total return with an emphasis on
current distributions paid to its shareholders. Under normal circumstances, and once fully
invested in accordance with its investment objective, the Company will have the majority of its
total assets (including any assets obtained through leverage) in equity securities of MLPs and
their affiliates in the energy infrastructure sector. The Company will not invest in
privately-held companies. The Company will establish other policies to be determined by its Board
prior to its initial public offering.
4. Agreements and Affiliations
The Company intends to enter into an Investment Advisory Agreement with the Adviser. No management
fees will be charged until the Company commences operations.
F-5
Computershare Trust Company, N.A. serves as the Companys transfer agent, dividend paying agent,
and agent for the automatic dividend reinvestment plan.
5. Subsequent Events
The Company has performed an evaluation of subsequent events through the date the statement of
assets and liabilities was issued and has determined that no additional items require recognition
or disclosure.
On June 18, 2010, the Company entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement with the Adviser.
Under the terms of the Agreement and beginning with the commencement of operations, the Company
will pay the Adviser a fee equal to an annual rate of 0.95 percent of the Companys average monthly
total assets (including any assets attributable to leverage and excluding any net deferred tax
asset) minus accrued liabilities (other than net deferred tax liability, debt entered into for
purposes of leverage and the aggregate liquidation preference of outstanding preferred stock, if
any) (Managed Assets), in exchange for the investment advisory services provided. The Adviser
has contractually agreed to waive fees in an amount equal to an annual rate of 0.10 percent of the
Companys average monthly Managed Assets for the first year following the commencement of
operations and 0.05 percent of average monthly Managed Assets for the second year following the
commencement of operations.
F-6
Tortoise MLP Fund, Inc.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
July 27, 2010