e10vq
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
     
þ   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2006
OR
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission File No. 001-31720
PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
DELAWARE
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  30-0168701
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
     
800 Nicollet Mall, Suite 800
Minneapolis, Minnesota

(Address of principal executive offices)
  55402
(Zip Code)
(612) 303-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer o      Accelerated Filer þ      Non-Accelerated Filer o
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).
Yes o No þ
     As of July 28, 2006, the registrant had 20,740,866 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
 
 

 


 

Piper Jaffray Companies
Index to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
 
 Amended and Restated 2003 Annual and Long-Term Incentive Plan
 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of CEO
 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of CFO
 Certifications Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Piper Jaffray Companies
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
                 
    June 30,     December 31,  
    2006     2005  
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)   (Unaudited)          
Assets
               
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 138,167     $ 60,869  
Receivables:
               
Customers (net of allowance of $1,665 at June 30, 2006 and $1,793 at December 31, 2005)
    60,627       54,421  
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
    136,503       299,056  
Deposits with clearing organizations
    58,340       64,379  
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
    243,883       222,844  
 
               
Trading securities owned
    615,154       517,310  
Trading securities owned and pledged as collateral
    174,792       236,588  
 
           
Total trading securities owned
    789,946       753,898  
 
               
Fixed assets (net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $70,424 and $76,581, respectively)
    37,520       41,752  
Goodwill (net of accumulated amortization of $52,531)
    317,167       317,167  
Intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization of $2,533 and $1,733, respectively)
    2,267       3,067  
Other receivables
    38,269       24,626  
Other assets
    89,399       69,200  
Assets held for sale
    419,855       442,912  
 
           
 
               
Total assets
  $ 2,331,943     $ 2,354,191  
 
           
 
               
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
               
 
               
Payables:
               
Customers
  $ 111,299     $ 73,781  
Checks and drafts
    36,141       53,304  
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
    259,816       259,597  
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    198,175       245,786  
Trading securities sold, but not yet purchased
    328,049       332,204  
Accrued compensation
    118,617       171,551  
Other liabilities and accrued expenses
    171,602       138,122  
Liabilities held for sale
    120,815       145,019  
 
           
 
               
Total liabilities
    1,344,514       1,419,364  
 
               
Subordinated debt
    180,000       180,000  
 
               
Shareholders’ equity:
               
Common stock, $0.01 par value;
               
Shares authorized: 100,000,000 at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005;
               
Shares issued: 19,487,319 at June 30, 2006 and 19,487,319 at December 31, 2005;
               
Shares outstanding: 18,556,143 at June 30, 2006 and 18,365,177 at December 31, 2005
    195       195  
Additional paid-in capital
    721,660       704,005  
Retained earnings
    118,425       90,431  
Less common stock held in treasury, at cost: 931,176 shares at June 30, 2006 and 1,122,142 at December 31, 2005
    (29,429 )     (35,422 )
Other comprehensive loss
    (3,422 )     (4,382 )
 
           
 
               
Total shareholders’ equity
    807,429       754,827  
 
           
 
               
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 2,331,943     $ 2,354,191  
 
           

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Piper Jaffray Companies
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
                                 
    Three Months Ended     Six Months Ended  
    June 30,     June 30,  
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)   2006     2005     2006     2005  
Revenues:
                               
 
                               
Investment banking
  $ 61,236     $ 47,958     $ 131,000     $ 96,502  
Institutional brokerage
    40,898       42,401       87,172       79,223  
Interest
    13,521       10,835       28,065       20,658  
Other income
    (1,262 )     947       11,268       1,454  
 
                       
 
                               
Total revenues
    114,393       102,141       257,505       197,837  
 
                               
Interest expense
    9,143       7,909       17,296       15,268  
 
                       
 
                               
Net revenues
    105,250       94,232       240,209       182,569  
 
                       
 
                               
Non-interest expenses:
                               
 
                               
Compensation and benefits
    60,653       53,998       133,577       104,613  
Occupancy and equipment
    6,718       7,879       14,827       15,202  
Communications
    5,593       6,097       10,976       12,398  
Floor brokerage and clearance
    3,373       3,963       6,048       7,449  
Marketing and business development
    6,122       5,226       11,301       10,966  
Outside services
    6,836       6,460       13,128       11,674  
Cash award program
    886       1,061       2,161       2,197  
Restructuring-related expense
          8,595             8,595  
Other operating expenses
    2,910       2,811       7,347       6,197  
 
                       
 
                               
Total non-interest expenses
    93,091       96,090       199,365       179,291  
 
                       
 
                               
Income/(loss) from continuing operations before
income tax expense/(benefit)
    12,159       (1,858 )     40,844       3,278  
 
                               
Income tax expense/(benefit)
    4,230       (750 )     14,209       983  
 
                       
 
                               
Net income/(loss) from continuing operations
    7,929       (1,108 )     26,635       2,295  
 
                       
 
                               
Discontinued operations:
                               
Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
    (3,792 )     2,345       1,359       6,277  
 
                       
 
                               
Net Income
  $ 4,137     $ 1,237     $ 27,994     $ 8,572  
 
                       
 
                               
Earnings per basic common share
                               
Income/(loss) from continuing operations
  $ 0.43     $ (0.06 )   $ 1.44     $ 0.12  
Income /(loss) from discontinued operations
    (0.20 )     0.12       0.07       0.33  
 
                       
Earnings per basic common share
  $ 0.22     $ 0.07     $ 1.51     $ 0.45  
 
                               
Earnings per diluted common share
                               
Income/(loss) from continuing operations
  $ 0.40     $ (0.06 )   $ 1.37     $ 0.12  
Income/(loss) from discontinued operations
    (0.19 )     0.12       0.07       0.33  
 
                       
Earnings per diluted common share
  $ 0.21     $ 0.06     $ 1.44     $ 0.44  
 
                               
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
                               
Basic
    18,556       19,028       18,509       19,141  
Diluted
    19,669       19,195       19,408       19,297  
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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Piper Jaffray Companies
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
                 
    Six Months Ended  
    June 30,  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005  
Operating Activities:
               
 
               
Net income
  $ 27,994     $ 8,572  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    7,874       8,749  
Disposal of fixed assets
    359       112  
Deferred income taxes
    (8,797 )     (2,947 )
Stock-based compensation
    14,634       9,167  
Amortization of intangible assets
    800       800  
Forgivable loan reserve
    200        
Decrease (increase) in operating assets:
               
Receivables:
               
Customers
    14,402       (39,813 )
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
    162,667       196,457  
Deposits with clearing organizations
    6,039       2,750  
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
    (21,039 )     (92,475 )
Net trading securities owned
    (40,567 )     (136,516 )
Other receivables
    (12,982 )     (4,466 )
Other assets
    (11,487 )     1,593  
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
               
Payables:
               
Customers
    12,810       92,687  
Checks and drafts
    (17,163 )     (10,593 )
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
    8,455       (3,517 )
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    13,839       (5,009 )
Accrued compensation
    (44,106 )     (75,240 )
Other liabilities and accrued expenses
    33,826       2,199  
 
           
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    147,758       (47,490 )
 
           
 
               
Investing Activities:
               
 
               
Purchases of fixed assets, net
    (5,281 )     (8,526 )
 
           
 
               
Net cash used in investing activities
    (5,281 )     (8,526 )
 
           
 
               
Financing Activities:
               
 
               
(Decrease) increase in securities loaned
    (4,559 )     61,383  
Decrease in securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    (61,450 )     (48,702 )
Increase in short-term bank financing
          46,000  
Repurchase of common stock
          (31,397 )
 
           
 
               
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    (66,009 )     27,284  
 
           
 
               
Currency adjustment:
               
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
    830        
 
           
 
               
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    77,298       (28,732 )
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    60,869       67,387  
 
           
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 138,167     $ 38,655  
 
           
 
               
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information -
               
Cash paid during the period for:
               
Interest
  $ 22,063     $ 16,480  
Income taxes
  $ 24,588     $ 10,150  
 
               
Noncash financing activities -
               
Issuance of common stock for retirement plan obligations:
               
190,966 shares and 331,434 shares for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively
  $ 9,013     $ 13,187  
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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Piper Jaffray Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Note 1 Background and Basis of Presentation
Background
     Piper Jaffray Companies is the parent company of Piper Jaffray & Co. (“Piper Jaffray”), a securities broker dealer and investment banking firm; Piper Jaffray Ltd., a firm providing securities brokerage and investment banking services in Europe through an office located in London, England; Piper Jaffray Financial Products Inc., an entity that facilitates customer derivative transactions; Piper Jaffray Financial Products II Inc., an entity dealing primarily in variable rate municipal products; and other immaterial subsidiaries. Piper Jaffray Companies and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) operate as one reporting segment providing investment banking services and institutional sales, trading and research services. As discussed more fully in Note 13, the Company announced the sale of its Private Client Services branch network business in the second quarter of 2006 and will exit the Private Client Services business when the sale closes, which currently is expected to occur in the third quarter of 2006.
Basis of Presentation
     The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Piper Jaffray Companies, its wholly owned subsidiaries and other entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. All material intercompany balances have been eliminated. Certain financial information for prior periods has been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
     The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) with respect to Form 10-Q and reflect all adjustments that in the opinion of management are normal and recurring and that are necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. In accordance with these rules and regulations, certain disclosures that are normally included in annual financial statements have been omitted. The consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
     The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. These principles require management to make certain estimates and assumptions that may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The nature of the Company’s business is such that the results of any interim period may not be indicative of the results to be expected for a full year.
Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
     Refer to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, for a full summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies. Updates to the Company’s significant accounting policies are described below.
Revenue Recognition
     Investment Banking – Investment banking revenues, which include underwriting fees, management fees and advisory fees, are recorded when services for the transactions are completed under the terms of each engagement. Expenses associated with such transactions are deferred until the related revenue is recognized or the engagement is otherwise concluded. Investment banking revenues are presented net of related expenses.
     Institutional Brokerage – Institutional brokerage revenues include (i) commissions paid by customers for the execution of brokerage transactions in listed and over–the–counter (OTC) equity, fixed income and convertible debt securities, which are recorded on a trade date basis; (ii) trading gains and losses which result from market making activities and from the Company’s commitment of capital to facilitate customer transactions; and (iii) fees paid to the Company for equity research.

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Other Assets
     Other assets includes investments in partnerships, investments to fund deferred compensation liabilities, prepaid expenses, and net deferred tax assets. In addition, other assets includes 55,440 restricted shares of NYSE Group, Inc. On March 7, 2006, upon the consummation of the merger of the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (“NYSE”) and Archipelago Holdings, Inc., NYSE Group, Inc. became the parent company of New York Stock Exchange, LLC (which is the successor to the NYSE) and Archipelago Holdings, Inc. In connection with the merger, the Company received $0.8 million in cash and 157,202 shares of NYSE Group, Inc. common stock in exchange for the two NYSE seats owned by the Company. The Company sold 101,762 shares of NYSE Group, Inc. common stock in a secondary offering during the second quarter of 2006.
Note 3 Recent Accounting Pronouncements
     In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” FIN 48 prescribes a two-step process to recognize and measure a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The first step is recognition, whereby a determination is made whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the position. The second step is to measure a tax position that meets the recognition threshold to determine the amount of benefit to recognize. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is evaluating the impact of FIN 48 on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.
Note 4 Derivatives
     Derivative contracts are financial instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps or option contracts that derive their value from underlying assets, reference rates, indices or a combination of these factors. A derivative contract generally represents future commitments to purchase or sell financial instruments at specified terms on a specified date or to exchange currency or interest payment streams based on the contract or notional amount. Derivative contracts exclude certain cash instruments, such as mortgage-backed securities, interest-only and principal-only obligations and indexed debt instruments that derive their values or contractually required cash flows from the price of some other security or index.
     The Company uses interest rate swaps, interest rate locks, and forward contracts to facilitate customer transactions and as a means to manage risk in certain inventory positions. The Company also enters into interest rate swap agreements to manage interest rate exposure associated with holding residual interest securities from its tender option bond program. As of June 30, 2006, and December 31, 2005, the Company was counterparty to notional/contract amounts of $5.5 billion and $4.6 billion, respectively, of derivative instruments.
     The market or fair values related to derivative contract transactions are reported in trading securities owned and trading securities sold, but not yet purchased on the consolidated statements of financial condition and any unrealized gain or loss resulting from changes in fair values of derivatives is recognized in institutional brokerage on the consolidated statements of operations. Derivatives are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis when a legal right of offset exists under a legally enforceable master netting agreement in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 39, “Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain Contracts.”
     Fair values for derivative contracts represent amounts estimated to be received from or paid to a counterparty in settlement of these instruments. These derivatives are valued using quoted market prices when available or pricing models based on the net present value of estimated future cash flows. The valuation models used require inputs including contractual terms, market prices, yield curves, credit curves and measures of volatility. The net fair value of derivative contracts was approximately $28.0 million and $17.0 million as of June 30, 2006, and December 31, 2005, respectively.
Note 5 Securitizations
     In connection with its tender option bond program, as of June 30, 2006, the Company has outstanding securitizations of $279.2 million of highly rated municipal bonds. Each municipal bond is sold into a separate trust that is funded by the sale of variable rate certificates to institutional customers seeking variable rate tax-free investment products. These variable rate certificates reprice weekly. Securitization transactions meeting certain SFAS 140 criteria are treated as sales, with the resulting gain included in institutional brokerage on the

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consolidated statements of operations. If a securitization does not meet the sale of asset requirements of SFAS 140, the transaction is recorded as a borrowing. The Company retains a residual interest in each structure and accounts for the residual interest as a trading security, which is recorded at fair value in trading securities owned on the consolidated statements of financial condition. The fair value of retained interests was $1.3 million at June 30, 2006, with a weighted average life of 8.9 years. The fair value of retained interests is estimated based on the present value of future cash flows using management’s best estimates of the key assumptions—expected yield, credit losses of 0 percent and a 12 percent discount rate. The Company receives a fee to remarket the variable rate certificates derived from the securitizations.
     At June 30, 2006, the sensitivity of the current fair value of retained interests to immediate 10 percent and 20 percent adverse changes in the key economic assumptions was not material. The sensitivity analysis does not include the offsetting benefit of financial instruments the Company utilizes to economically hedge risks inherent in its retained interests and is hypothetical. Changes in fair value based on a 10 percent or 20 percent variation in an assumption generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in the assumption to the change in the fair value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the retained interests is calculated independent of changes in any other assumption; in practice, changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities. In addition, the sensitivity analysis does not consider any corrective action that the Company might take to mitigate the impact of any adverse changes in key assumptions.
     Certain cash flow activity for the municipal bond securitizations described above during the six months ended June 30, 2006 includes:
         
(Dollars in thousands)        
Proceeds from new securitizations
  $ 7,578  
Remarketing fees received
    68  
Cash flows received on retained interests
    3,325  
     Three securitization transactions were designed such that they did not meet the asset sale requirements of SFAS 140; therefore, the Company consolidated these trusts. As a result, the Company has recorded an asset for the underlying bonds of approximately $51.0 million in trading securities owned and a liability for the certificates sold by the trust for approximately $50.1 million in other liabilities and accrued expenses on the consolidated statement of financial condition as of June 30, 2006. The Company has economically hedged the activities of these securitizations with interest rate swaps, which have been recorded at fair value and resulted in an asset of approximately $2.0 million at June 30, 2006.
     The Company has contracted with a major third-party financial institution to act as the liquidity provider for the Company’s tender option bond securitized trusts. The Company has agreed to reimburse this party for losses associated with providing liquidity to the trusts. The maximum exposure to loss at June 30, 2006 was $251.0 million, representing the outstanding amount of all trust certificates at that date. This exposure to loss is mitigated by the underlying municipal bonds held in the trusts, which are either AAA or AA rated. These bonds had a market value of approximately $256.6 million at June 30, 2006. The Company believes the likelihood it will be required to fund the reimbursement agreement obligation under any provision of the arrangement is remote, and accordingly, no liability for such guarantee has been recorded in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

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Note 6 Trading Securities Owned and Trading Securities Sold, But Not Yet Purchased
     Trading securities owned and trading securities sold, but not yet purchased were as follows:
                 
    June 30,     December 31,  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005  
Owned:
               
Corporate securities:
               
Equity securities
  $ 27,849     $ 13,260  
Convertible securities
    45,547       9,221  
Fixed income securities
    107,005       68,017  
Mortgage-backed securities
    278,677       329,057  
U.S. government securities
    6,957       26,652  
Municipal securities
    293,649       286,531  
Other
    30,262       21,160  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 789,946     $ 753,898  
 
           
 
               
Sold, but not yet purchased:
               
Corporate securities:
               
Equity securities
  $ 44,854     $ 8,367  
Convertible securities
    5,040       2,572  
Fixed income securities
    25,292       31,588  
Mortgage-backed securities
    81,371       157,132  
U.S. government securities
    158,119       127,833  
Municipal securities
    10,515       93  
Other
    2,858       4,619  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 328,049     $ 332,204  
 
           
     At June 30, 2006, and December 31, 2005, trading securities owned in the amount of $174.8 million and $236.6 million, respectively, have been pledged as collateral for the Company’s secured borrowings, repurchase agreements and securities loaned activities.
     Trading securities sold, but not yet purchased represent obligations of the Company to deliver the specified security at the contracted price, thereby creating a liability to purchase the security in the market at prevailing prices. The Company is obligated to acquire the securities sold short at prevailing market prices, which may exceed the amount reflected on the consolidated statements of financial condition. The Company economically hedges changes in market value of its trading securities owned utilizing trading securities sold, but not yet purchased, interest rate swaps, futures and exchange-traded options. It is the Company’s practice to economically hedge a significant portion of its trading securities owned.

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Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets
     The following table presents the changes in the carrying value of goodwill and intangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2006:
                         
    Continuing     Discontinued     Consolidated  
(Dollars in thousands)   Operations     Operations     Company  
Goodwill
                       
Balance at December 31, 2005
  $ 231,567     $ 85,600     $ 317,167  
Goodwill acquired
                 
Impairment losses
                 
 
                 
 
                       
Balance at June 30, 2006
  $ 231,567     $ 85,600     $ 317,167  
 
                 
 
                       
Intangible assets
                       
Balance at December 31, 2005
  $ 3,067     $     $ 3,067  
Intangible assets acquired
                 
Amortization of intangible assets
    (800 )           (800 )
Impairment losses
                 
 
                 
 
                       
Balance at June 30, 2006
  $ 2,267     $     $ 2,267  
 
                 
The intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over three years.
Note 8 Financing
     The Company has uncommitted credit agreements with banks totaling $675 million at June 30, 2006, composed of $555 million in discretionary secured lines of which $0 was outstanding at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, and $120 million in discretionary unsecured lines of which $0 was outstanding at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005. In addition, the Company has established arrangements to obtain financing at the end of each business day using as collateral the Company’s securities held by its clearing bank and by another broker dealer. Repurchase agreements and securities loaned to other broker dealers are also used as sources of funding.
     Piper Jaffray has executed a $180 million subordinated loan agreement, which satisfies provisions of Appendix D of SEC Rule 15c3-1 and has been approved by the NYSE and is therefore allowable in Piper Jaffray’s net capital computation. The entire amount of the subordinated debt will mature in 2008. In April 2006, the Company announced its intention to repay in full the outstanding balance of this subordinated debt following the closing of the sale of its Private Client Services branch network, currently expected to occur in the third quarter of 2006.
     The Company’s subordinated debt and short-term financing bear interest at rates based on the London Interbank Offered Rate or federal funds rate. At June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the weighted average interest rate on borrowings was 6.33 percent and 5.55 percent, respectively. At June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, no formal compensating balance agreements existed, and the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants related to these facilities.
Note 9 Legal Contingencies
     The Company has been the subject of customer complaints and also has been named as a defendant in various legal proceedings arising primarily from securities brokerage and investment banking activities, including certain class actions that primarily allege violations of securities laws and seek unspecified damages, which could be substantial. Also, the Company is involved from time to time in investigations and proceedings by governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations.

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     The Company has established reserves for potential losses that are probable and reasonably estimable that may result from pending and potential complaints, legal actions, investigations and proceedings. In addition to the Company’s established reserves, U.S. Bancorp (“USB”) has agreed to indemnify the Company in an amount up to $17.5 million for certain legal and regulatory matters. Approximately $13.3 million of this amount remained available as of June 30, 2006.
     Given uncertainties regarding the timing, scope, volume and outcome of pending and potential litigation, arbitration and regulatory proceedings and other factors, the amounts of reserves are difficult to determine and of necessity subject to future revision. Subject to the foregoing, management of the Company believes, based on its current knowledge, after consultation with outside legal counsel and after taking into account its established reserves and the USB indemnity agreement, that pending legal actions, investigations and proceedings will be resolved with no material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company. However, if during any period a potential adverse contingency should become probable or resolved for an amount in excess of the established reserves and indemnification, the results of operations in that period could be materially adversely affected.
Note 10 Net Capital Requirements and Other Regulatory Matters
     As a registered broker dealer and member firm of the NYSE, Piper Jaffray is subject to the Uniform Net Capital Rule of the SEC and the net capital rule of the NYSE. Piper Jaffray has elected to use the alternative method permitted by the SEC rule, which requires that it maintain minimum net capital of the greater of $1.0 million or 2 percent of aggregate debit balances arising from customer transactions, as such term is defined in the SEC rule. Under the NYSE rule, the NYSE may prohibit a member firm from expanding its business or paying dividends if resulting net capital would be less than 5 percent of aggregate debit balances. Advances to affiliates, repayment of subordinated debt, dividend payments and other equity withdrawals by Piper Jaffray are subject to certain notification and other provisions of the SEC and NYSE rules. In addition, Piper Jaffray is subject to certain notification requirements related to withdrawals of excess net capital.
     At June 30, 2006, net capital under the SEC rule was $335.2 million, or 63.2 percent of aggregate debit balances, and $324.6 million in excess of the minimum net capital required under the SEC rule.
     Piper Jaffray is also registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) and therefore is subject to CFTC regulations.
     Piper Jaffray Ltd., which is a registered United Kingdom broker dealer, is subject to the capital requirements of the United Kingdom Financial Services Authority (“FSA”). As of June 30, 2006, Piper Jaffray Ltd. was in compliance with the capital requirements of the FSA.
Note 11 Stock-Based Compensation and Cash Award Program
     The Company maintains one stock-based compensation plan, the Piper Jaffray Companies Amended and Restated 2003 Annual and Long-Term Incentive Plan. The plan permits the grant of equity awards, including non-qualified stock options and restricted stock, to the Company’s employees and directors for up to 4.5 million shares of common stock. In 2004, 2005 and 2006, the Company has granted shares of restricted stock and options to purchase Piper Jaffray Companies common stock to employees and granted options to purchase Piper Jaffray Companies common stock to its non-employee directors. The Company believes that such awards help align the interests of employees and directors with those of shareholders and serve as an employee retention tool. The awards granted to employees have three-year cliff vesting periods. The director awards are fully vested upon grant. The maximum term of the stock options granted to employees and directors is ten years. The plan provides for accelerated vesting of option and restricted stock awards if there is a change in control of the Company (as defined in the plan), in the event of a participant’s death, and at the discretion of the compensation committee of the Company’s board of directors.
     Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for stock-based compensation under the fair value method of accounting as prescribed by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting and Disclosure of Stock-Based Compensation,” as amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure.” As such, the Company had recorded stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statement of operations at fair value, net of estimated forfeitures.
     Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R) (“SFAS 123(R)”), “Share-Based Payment,” using the modified prospective transition method. SFAS 123(R) requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on fair value, net of estimated forfeitures. Because the Company historically expensed all equity awards based on the fair value method, net of estimated forfeitures, SFAS 123(R) did not have a material effect on the Company’s measurement or recognition methods for stock-based compensation.

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     Employee and director stock options granted prior to January 1, 2006, were expensed by the Company on a straight-line basis over the option vesting period, based on the estimated fair value of the award on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Employee and director stock options granted after January 1, 2006, are expensed by the Company on a straight-line basis over the required service period, based on the estimated fair value of the award on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. At the time it adopted SFAS 123(R), the Company changed the expensing period from the vesting period to the required service period, which shortened the period over which options are expensed for employees who are retiree-eligible on the date of grant or become retiree-eligible during the vesting period. The number of employees that fell within this category at January 1, 2006 was not material. In accordance with SEC guidelines, the Company did not alter the expense recorded in connection with prior option grants for the change in the expensing period.
     Employee restricted stock grants prior to January 1, 2006, are amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based on the market price of Piper Jaffray Companies common stock on the date of grant. Restricted stock grants after January 1, 2006, are valued at the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and amortized on a straight-line basis over the required service period. The majority of the Company’s restricted stock grants provide for continued vesting after termination, providing the employee does not violate non-competition and certain other post-termination restrictions, as set forth in the award agreements. The Company considers the required service period to be the greater of the vesting period or the non-competition period. The Company believes that the non-competition restrictions meet the SFAS 123(R) definition of a substantive service requirement.
     The Company recorded compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, of $8.0 million and $5.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and $14.6 million and $9.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, related to employee stock option and restricted stock grants. The tax benefit recognized related to the total compensation cost for stock-based compensation arrangements totaled $3.1 million and $2.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and $5.6 million and $3.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
     The fair value of each stock option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using assumptions such as the risk-free interest rate, the dividend yield, the expected volatility and the expected life of the option. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based on the U.S. treasury bill rate with a maturity equal to the expected life of the option. The dividend yield assumption is based on the assumed dividend payout over the expected life of the option. The expected volatility assumption is based on industry comparisons. The Company has only been a publicly traded company for approximately 30 months; therefore, it does not have sufficient historical data to determine an appropriate expected volatility. The expected life assumption is based on an average of the following two factors: 1) industry comparisons; and 2) the guidance provided by the SEC in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”). SAB 107 allows the use of an “acceptable” methodology under which the Company can take the midpoint of the vesting date and the full contractual term. The following table provides a summary of the valuation assumptions used by the Company to determine the estimated value of stock option grants in Piper Jaffray Companies common stock for the six months ended June 30:
                 
Weighted average assumptions in option valuation   2006   2005
Risk-free interest rates
    4.55 %     3.77 %
Dividend yield
    0.00 %     0.00 %
Stock volatility factor
    40.08 %     38.11 %
Expected life of options (in years)
    5.53       5.86  
Weighted average fair value of options granted
  $ 22.14     $ 16.66  

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     The following table summarizes the Company’s stock options outstanding for the six months ended June 30, 2006:
                                 
                    Weighted Average        
            Weighted     Remaining     Aggregate  
    Options     Average     Contractual     Intrinsic  
    Outstanding     Exercise Price     Term (Years)     Value  
December 31, 2005
    643,032     $ 42.29                  
 
                               
Granted
    50,560       53.16                  
Canceled
    (56,127 )     42.29                  
 
                             
 
                               
June 30, 2006
    637,465     $ 43.15       8.3     $ 11,511,648  
 
                             
 
                               
Options exercisable at June 30, 2006
    65,947     $ 43.16       8.6     $ 1,190,263  
     As of June 30, 2006, there was $4.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.6 years.
     The following table summarizes the Company’s nonvested restricted stock for the six months ended June 30, 2006:
                 
            Weighted  
    Nonvested     Average  
    Restricted     Grant Date  
    Stock     Fair Value  
December 31, 2005
    1,417,444     $ 41.37  
 
               
Granted
    823,334       48.00  
Vested
    (1,080 )     45.24  
Canceled
    (56,055 )     44.72  
 
             
 
               
June 30, 2006
    2,183,643     $ 43.78  
 
             
     As of June 30, 2006, there was $58.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years. Approximately $12.3 million of this unrecognized compensation is expected to be forfeited at the close of the PCS sale to UBS.
     In connection with the Company’s spin-off from USB, it established a cash award program pursuant to which it granted cash awards to a broad-based group of employees. The cash award program was intended to aid in retention of employees and to compensate employees for the value of USB stock options and restricted stock lost by employees. The cash awards are being expensed over a four-year period ending December 31, 2007. Participants must be employed on the date of payment to receive the award. Expense related to the cash award program is included as a separate line item on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Note 12 Shareholders’ Equity
Issuance of Shares
     During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company reissued 190,966 common shares out of treasury in fulfillment of $9.0 million in obligations under the Piper Jaffray Companies Retirement Plan.

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Earnings Per Share
     Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average outstanding shares to assume conversion of all potentially dilutive restricted stock and stock options. The computation of earnings per share is as follows:
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended   For the Six Months Ended
    June 30,   June 30,
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)   2006   2005   2006   2005
Net income
  $ 4,137     $ 1,237     $ 27,994     $ 8,572  
 
                               
Shares for basic and diluted calculations:
                               
Average shares used in basic computation
    18,556       19,028       18,509       19,141  
Stock options
    125             70        
Restricted stock
    988       167       829       156  
Average shares used in diluted computation
    19,669       19,195       19,408       19,297  
 
                               
Earnings per share:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.22     $ 0.07     $ 1.51     $ 0.45  
Diluted
  $ 0.21     $ 0.06     $ 1.44     $ 0.44  
Note 13 Discontinued Operations
     On April 10, 2006, the Company and UBS Financial Services Inc., a subsidiary of UBS AG, entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) pursuant to which UBS has agreed to purchase the branch network of the Private Client Services (“PCS”) business and certain assets of that business consisting primarily of customer collateralized margin loans (as disclosed in the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 11, 2006). The Company’s board of directors and management completed an analysis of the long-term prospects of the PCS business and concluded that the sale of PCS was in the best interest of shareholders and PCS clients. The Company intends to use the sale proceeds to grow and enhance its existing capital markets business, expand into new businesses that support the Company’s strategic priorities, and to pay down debt and repurchase common stock. The purchase price under the Agreement is $800 million, which includes $500 million for the branch network and approximately $300 million for the net assets of the branch network. In addition, the agreement provides for additional cash consideration of up to $75 million dependent on post-closing performance of the transferred business; at present, however, the Company anticipates realizing only a portion, if any, of such additional cash consideration. The Company currently expects the transaction covered by the agreement to close in the third quarter of 2006, subject to certain regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions.
     In accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS 144,”) the results of PCS operations, as summarized below, have been classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented and the related assets and liabilities included in the sale as held for sale. In connection with the sale of the Company’s PCS business the Company has approved a plan to significantly restructure the Company’s support infrastructure. As described more fully in Note 14, the Company incurred $16.2 million in costs related to the restructuring plan in the three months ended June 30, 2006. In addition, the Company incurred $1.0 million of transaction costs related to the sale of the PCS business for the three months ended June 30, 2006. These restructuring and transaction costs are included within discontinued operations in accordance with SFAS 144.

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Results from discontinued operations are as follows:
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended     For the Six Months Ended  
    June 30,     June 30,  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005     2006     2005  
PCS net revenues
  $ 89,195     $ 85,433     $ 181,790     $ 176,164  
PCS operating expenses
    77,511       81,983       161,910       166,371  
Restructuring costs
    16,191             16,191        
Transaction costs
    957             957        
 
                       
Income/(loss) before tax expense/(benefit)
    (5,464 )     3,450       2,732       9,793  
 
                               
Income tax expense/(benefit)
    (1,672 )     1,105       1,373       3,516  
 
                       
 
                               
Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
  $ (3,792 )   $ 2,345     $ 1,359     $ 6,277  
 
                       
     The Company has included the following assets and liabilities as held for sale in connection with the sale of the PCS branch network to UBS:
                 
    June 30,     December 31,  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005  
Assets held for sale
               
 
               
Customer receivables
  $ 394,899     $ 418,566  
Fixed assets (net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $23,114 and $22,371, respectively)
    14,842       13,372  
Employee forgiveable loans
    8,704       9,984  
Other receivables
    1,410       990  
 
           
Total assets held for sale
  $ 419,855     $ 442,912  
 
           
                 
    June 30,     December 31,  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005  
Liabilities held for sale
               
 
               
Customer payables
  $ 118,193     $ 142,871  
Other payables
    2,622       2,148  
 
           
Total liabilities held for sale
  $ 120,815     $ 145,019  
 
           
Note 14 Restructuring
     The Company incurred pre-tax restructuring costs of $16.2 million in the second quarter of 2006 in connection with the pending sale of the Company’s PCS branch network to a subsidiary of UBS AG. The expense was incurred upon implementation of a specific restructuring plan to reorganize the Company’s support infrastructure.
     The restructuring charge incurred to date includes the cost of severance, other benefits and outplacement costs associated with the termination of employees. The severance amounts were determined based on a one-time severance benefit enhancement to the Company’s existing severance pay program in place at the time of termination notification and will be paid out over a benefit period of up to one year from the time of termination. Approximately 315 employees will receive severance. The following table presents a summary of activity with respect to the restructuring-related liability:
         
    June 30,  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006  
Balance at December 31, 2005
  $  
Provision charged to operating expense
    16,191  
Cash outlays
     
Noncash write-downs
     
 
     
Balance at June 30, 2006
  $ 16,191  
 
     
     The Company anticipates recording additional restructuring charges in the second half of 2006 of approximately $44 million, the majority of which will be in the third quarter of 2006.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
     The following information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes and exhibits included elsewhere in this report. Certain statements in this report may be considered forward-looking. Statements that are not historical or current facts, including statements about beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements cover, among other things, the future prospects of Piper Jaffray Companies. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, and important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated, including those factors discussed below under “External Factors Impacting Our Business” as well as under “Risk Factors” in Part 1, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, as updated in our subsequent reports filed with the SEC, including the updates found in Part II, Item 1A of this report on Form 10-Q. These reports are available at our Web site at www.piperjaffray.com and at the SEC Web site at www.sec.gov. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update them in light of new information or future events.
Executive Overview
     Our continuing operations are principally engaged in providing investment banking, institutional brokerage and related financial services to corporations and public sector and non-profit entities in the United States, with some activity in Europe. Revenues are generated primarily through advisory and financing fees earned on investment banking and public finance activities, commissions and sales credits earned on equity and fixed income transactions, and net interest earned on securities inventories. While we maintain securities inventories primarily to facilitate customer transactions, our capital markets business also realizes profits and losses from trading activities related to these securities inventories.
     The securities business is a human capital business; accordingly, compensation and benefits comprise the largest component of our expenses, and our performance is dependent upon our ability to attract, develop and retain highly skilled employees who are motivated to serve the best interests of our clients, thereby serving the best interests of our company.
     Our discontinued operations consist of our retail brokerage business, which provides financial advice and a wide range of financial products and services to individual investors through our network of branch offices. Revenues are generated primarily through commissions earned on equity and fixed income transactions and for distribution of mutual funds and annuities, fees earned on fee-based client accounts and net interest from customers’ margin loan balances.
     On April 10, 2006, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell 100 percent of our Private Client Services (“PCS”) branch network to a subsidiary of UBS AG. The purchase price under the agreement is $800 million, which includes $500 million for the branch network and approximately $300 million for the net assets of the branch network. In addition, the agreement provides for additional cash consideration of up to $75 million depending on post-closing performance of the transferred business; at present, however, we anticipate realizing only a portion, if any, of such additional cash consideration. Excluding the potential additional consideration of up to $75 million, we currently expect the sale to result in after-tax proceeds of approximately $510 million and an after-tax book gain of approximately $170 million, net of approximately $60 million in restructuring charges. The sale is expected to close in the third quarter of 2006.
     In light of the pending sale of our PCS branch network, the PCS results of operations are accounted for as discontinued operations. We now operate through a single reporting segment representing our capital markets focused business. See Notes 13 and 14 to our unaudited financial statements for a further discussion of our discontinued operations and restructuring.
     We anticipate utilizing the after-tax proceeds from the sale to accelerate the growth of our existing capital markets business and to enter new businesses to support our strategic priorities. In addition, we expect to significantly change our capitalization structure by repaying $180 million in subordinated debt and repurchasing up to $180 in common stock, to be effected through a combination of an accelerated share repurchase and open market purchases.
     Our divestiture of the PCS branch network will have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition. We anticipate the most material of the changes to our statement of financial condition to be as follows: most of our customer receivables and payables will be eliminated, goodwill related to PCS of $85.6 million will be written-off, and our subordinated debt will be repaid. Our results of operations have been reclassified to present PCS results within discontinued operations. In the near term, we expect continuing operations to have an increase in net interest income as we invest the excess cash proceeds from the sale prior to making any business investments and due to the

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elimination of our subordinated debt. We also expect to use up to $180 million of the sale proceeds to repurchase common stock. In addition, certain equity awards granted to PCS employees will be forfeited upon their transfer to UBS, and other awards will become vested.
RESULTS FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2006
     For the three months ended June 30, 2006, our net income, which includes both continuing and discontinued operations, was $4.1 million, or $0.21 per diluted share, up from net income of $1.2 million, or $0.06 per diluted share, for the year-ago period. The second quarter of 2006 included a restructuring charge and transaction costs related to the pending sale of the PCS branch network; the restructuring charge and transaction costs reduced net income by $10.6 million after tax, or $0.54 per diluted share. The second quarter of 2005 results included a pre-tax restructuring charge of $8.6 million, or $0.29 per diluted share after tax, related to implementing certain expense reduction measures. For the quarter ended June 30, 2006, net income from continuing operations totaled $7.9 million, up from a net loss of $1.1 million in the year-ago period, on net revenues of $105.3 million, up 11.7 percent from $94.2 million for the same quarter last year. Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations were $0.40, up from a loss of $0.06 per share in the prior-year quarter.
     For the six months ended June 30, 2006, our net income increased to $28.0 million from $8.6 million for the corresponding period in the prior year, resulting in diluted earnings per share of $1.44 and $0.44, respectively. Net revenues from continuing operations for the first six months of 2006 increased 31.6 percent to $240.2 million, compared to $182.6 million for the first six months of 2005. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, net income from continuing operations increased to $26.6 million from $2.3 million for the corresponding period in the prior year, resulting in diluted earnings per share of $1.37 and $0.12, respectively.
EXTERNAL FACTORS IMPACTING OUR BUSINESS
     Performance in the financial services industry in which we operate is highly correlated to the overall strength of economic conditions and financial market activity. Overall market conditions are a product of many factors, which are mostly unpredictable and beyond our control. These factors may affect the financial decisions made by investors, including their level of participation in the financial markets. In turn, these decisions may affect our business results. With respect to financial market activity, our profitability is sensitive to a variety of factors, including the volume and value of trading in securities, the volatility of the equity and fixed income markets, the commission charged for trade execution, the level and shape of various yield curves and the demand for investment banking services as reflected by the number and size of public offerings and merger and acquisition transactions.
     Factors that differentiate our business within the financial services industry also may affect our financial results. For example, our business focuses primarily on specific sectors such as the consumer, financial institutions, health care and technology industries within the corporate sector and on health care, higher education, housing, and state and local government entities within the government/non-profit sector. These sectors may experience growth or downturns independently of general economic and market conditions, or may face market conditions that are disproportionately better or worse than those impacting the economy and markets generally. In either case, our business could be affected differently than overall market trends. Given the variability of the capital markets and securities businesses, our earnings may fluctuate significantly from period to period, and results of any individual period should not be considered indicative of future results.

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Results of Operations
FINANCIAL SUMMARY FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2006 AND 2005
     The following table provides a summary of the results of our operations and the results of our operations as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated.
                                         
                            Results of Operations  
                            as a Percentage of Net  
    Results of Operations     Revenues  
    For the Three Months Ended     For the Three Months Ended  
    June 30,     June 30,  
                    2006              
    2006     2005     v2005     2006     2005  
(Dollars in thousands)                                        
Revenues:
                                       
Investment banking
  $ 61,236     $ 47,958       27.7 %     58.2 %     50.9 %
Institutional brokerage
    40,898       42,401       (3.5 )     38.9       45.0  
Interest
    13,521       10,835       24.8       12.8       11.5  
Other income
    (1,262 )     947       N/M       (1.2 )     1.0  
 
                               
 
                                       
Total revenues
    114,393       102,141       12.0       108.7       108.4  
 
                                       
Interest expense
    9,143       7,909       15.6       8.7       8.4  
 
                               
 
                                       
Net revenues
    105,250       94,232       11.7       100.0       100.0  
 
                               
 
                                       
Non-interest expenses:
                                       
Compensation and benefits
    60,653       53,998       12.3       57.6       57.3  
Occupancy and equipment
    6,718       7,879       (14.7 )     6.4       8.4  
Communications
    5,593       6,097       (8.3 )     5.3       6.5  
Floor brokerage and clearance
    3,373       3,963       (14.9 )     3.2       4.2  
Marketing and business development
    6,122       5,226       17.1       5.8       5.5  
Outside services
    6,836       6,460       5.8       6.5       6.9  
Cash award program
    886       1,061       (16.5 )     0.8       1.1  
Restructuring expense
          8,595       N/M             9.1  
Other operating expenses
    2,910       2,811       3.5       2.8       3.0  
 
                               
 
                                       
Total non-interest expenses
    93,091       96,090       (3.1 )     88.4       102.0  
 
                               
 
                                       
Income/(loss) from continuing operations before tax expense/(benefit)
    12,159       (1,858 )     N/M       11.6       (2.0 )
 
                                       
Income tax expense/(benefit)
    4,230       (750 )     N/M       4.1       (0.8 )
 
                               
 
                                       
Net income/(loss) from continuing operations
    7,929       (1,108 )     N/M       7.5       (1.2 )
 
                               
 
                                       
Discontinued operations:
                                       
Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
    (3,792 )     2,345       N/M       (3.6 )     2.5  
 
                               
 
                                       
Net income
  $ 4,137     $ 1,237       234.4 %     3.9 %     1.3 %
 
                               
 
N/M —  Not Meaningful
     Net income for the three months ended June 30, 2006 was significantly impacted by $17.1 million of pre-tax restructuring and transaction costs included within discontinued operations related to the pending sale of the PCS branch network. Net income for the year-ago period was impacted by $8.6 million of pre-tax restructuring-related expenses incurred in that quarter to implement certain expense reduction measures. For the three months ended June 30, 2006, investment banking revenues increased 27.7 percent to $61.2 million, compared with revenues of $48.0 million in the prior-year period; the increase in revenues was due to an increase in equity underwriting and advisory services activity.

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Institutional brokerage revenues decreased 3.5 percent from the prior-year period to $40.9 million as a result of decreased equity commissions. For the second quarter of 2006, net interest income increased to $4.4 million, up from $2.9 million for the second quarter of 2005. This increase was due to the impact of rising short-term interest rates on net inventories and other net earning assets, and the growth in sales of interest-rate products. Other income for the three months ended June 30, 2006 reflects a loss of $1.3 million, primarily resulting from losses we recognized due to a decrease in the market value of NYSE Group, Inc. restricted shares held by us, approximately two-thirds of which we sold during the quarter in a NYSE Group, Inc. secondary offering. For the three months ended June 30, 2006, non-interest expenses from continuing operations were $93.1 million, down 3.1 percent from $96.1 million for the year-ago period. This decrease was principally the result of the $8.6 million restructuring charge taken in the second quarter of 2005, offset in part by increased variable compensation and benefits expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2006, due to higher revenues and profitability.
NON-INTEREST EXPENSES FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS
Compensation and Benefits
     Compensation and benefits expenses, which are the largest component of our expenses, include salaries, commissions, bonuses, benefits, employment taxes and other employee costs. A substantial portion of compensation expense is comprised of variable incentive arrangements, including discretionary bonuses, the amount of which fluctuates in proportion to the level of business activity, increasing with higher revenues and operating profits. Other compensation costs, primarily base salaries and benefits, are more fixed in nature.
     For the three months ended June 30, 2006, compensation and benefits expenses increased 12.3 percent to $60.7 million, from $54.0 million for the prior-year period due primarily to higher variable compensation resulting from increased net revenues and profitability. Compensation and benefits expenses as a percentage of net revenues increased slightly to 57.6 percent, compared to 57.3 percent for the second quarter of 2005.
Occupancy and Equipment
     For the three months ended June 30, 2006, occupancy and equipment expenses were $6.7 million, compared with $7.9 million in the prior-year period. The decrease was attributable to prior investments in technology becoming fully depreciated in the first quarter of 2006. In the fourth quarter of 2006, we will be entering into a new lease contract related to our London office and exiting our current lease contract. As a result, we will incur expense of approximately $1.5 million related to payment of the remaining 2006 lease payments, early exit penalties and leasehold write-offs.
Communications
     Communication expenses include costs for telecommunication and data communication, primarily consisting of expense for obtaining third-party market data information. For the second quarter of 2006, communication expenses were $5.6 million, down 8.3 percent from the corresponding period in the prior year. The decrease was due to costs savings associated with a change in vendors related to our equity trading system and a portion of these costs now being recorded within outside services.
Floor Brokerage and Clearance
     For the three months ended June 30, 2006, floor brokerage and clearance expenses declined 14.9 percent to $3.4 million from the same period last year as a result of our continued efforts to reduce expenses associated with accessing electronic communication networks.
Marketing and Business Development
     Marketing and business development expenses include travel and entertainment, postage, supplies and promotional and advertising costs. For the second quarter of 2006, marketing and business development expenses increased 17.1 percent to $6.1 million, compared with $5.2 million for the second quarter of 2005. This increase was driven by deal-related travel and entertainment expense from higher equity underwriting and advisory services activity in the second quarter of 2006.

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Outside Services
     Outside services expenses include securities processing expenses, outsourced technology and operations functions, outside legal fees and other professional fees. For the three months ended June 30, 2006, outside services expenses increased modestly to $6.8 million, compared with $6.5 million in the prior-year period due to services associated with our equity trading system being bundled and provided by a single vendor. Previously, these services were provided by multiple vendors and were recorded in communications and floor brokerage and clearing expenses, as well as outside services.
Cash Award Program
     In connection with our spin-off from U.S. Bancorp, we established a cash award program pursuant to which we granted cash awards to a broad-based group of our employees. The award program was designed to aid in retention of employees and to compensate for the value of U.S. Bancorp stock options and restricted stock lost by our employees as a result of the spin-off. The cash awards are being expensed over a four-year period ending December 31, 2007. The sale of the PCS branch network will result in the forfeiture and accelerated vesting of a significant number of cash awards, resulting in a decrease to our ongoing cash award expense. We anticipate incurring approximately $0.8 million and $0.6 million of cash award expense within continuing operations in the third and fourth quarters of 2006, respectively. We anticipate incurring approximately $2.0 million of cash awards expense in 2007.
Restructuring-Related Expense
     In the second quarter of 2005, we implemented certain expense reduction measures as a means to better align our cost infrastructure with our revenues. This resulted in a pre-tax restructuring charge of $8.6 million, consisting of $4.9 million in severance benefits and $3.7 million related to the reduction of office space.
Other Operating Expenses
     Other operating expenses include insurance costs, license and registration fees, expenses related to our charitable giving program, amortization on intangible assets and litigation-related expenses, which consist of the amounts we reserve and/or pay out related to legal and regulatory matters. For the three months ended June 30, 2006, other operating expenses were essentially flat at $2.9 million, compared with the prior-year period.
Income Taxes
     For the three months ended June 30, 2006, income taxes from continuing operations were $4.2 million, an effective tax rate of 34.8 percent, compared with an income tax benefit of $0.8 million and an effective tax rate of 40.4 percent, for the corresponding period in 2005. The 40.4 percent effective tax rate for the year-ago period was not reflective of our 2005 annual effective tax rate and was higher as the result of the loss in the year-ago period.

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NET REVENUES FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS (DETAIL)
                         
    For the Three Months Ended        
    June 30,     2006  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005     v2005  
Net revenues:
                       
Institutional sales and trading
                       
Fixed income
  $ 16,621     $ 17,391       (4.4 )%
Equities
    31,530       30,029       5.0  
 
                   
Total institutional sales and trading
    48,151       47,420       1.5  
Investment banking
                       
Underwriting
                       
Fixed income
    15,675       19,758       (20.7 )
Equities
    25,648       16,960       51.2  
Advisory services
    19,913       11,240       77.2  
 
                   
Total investment banking
    61,236       47,958       27.7  
Subordinated debt interest expense
    (2,875 )     (2,093 )     37.4  
Other income
    (1,262 )     947       N/M  
 
                   
Total net revenues
  $ 105,250     $ 94,232       11.7 %
 
                   
 
N/M —  Not Meaningful
     For the three months ended June 30, 2006, net revenues were $105.3 million, up 11.7 percent compared with the prior-year period.
     Institutional sales and trading revenues comprise all the revenues generated through trading activities, primarily the facilitation of customer trades. To assess the profitability of institutional sales and trading activities, we aggregate institutional brokerage revenues with the net interest income or expense associated with financing, economically hedging and holding long or short inventory positions. Our results in the sales and trading area vary from quarter to quarter with changes in trading margins, trading volumes and the timing of transactions as a result of market opportunities. Increased price transparency in the fixed income market, pressure from institutional clients in the equity market to reduce commissions and the use of alternative trading systems in the equity market have put pressure on trading margins. We expect this pressure to continue.
     For the three months ended June 30, 2006, institutional sales and trading revenues were $48.2 million, a slight increase compared with $47.4 million recorded in the prior-year period as increased equity sales and trading revenues were partially offset by a decline in fixed income sales and trading. Fixed income institutional sales and trading revenues decreased 4.4 percent to $16.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006, compared with $17.4 million for the corresponding period in 2005. This decrease was due primarily to a decline in sales of interest rate products. Equity institutional sales and trading revenue increased 5.0 percent for the three months ended June 30, 2006, to $31.5 million. We improved year-over-year performance through higher convertible net revenues and incremental sales and trading revenue related to our European expansion.
     In the second quarter of 2006, investment banking revenues increased 27.7 percent to $61.2 million, compared with $48.0 million in the second quarter of 2005. This increase was driven by strong demand for equity underwriting and advisory services. Equity underwriting revenues increased 51.2 percent to $25.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006. This increase was due to a large convertible transaction and an increased volume of completed equity transactions. During the three months ended June 30, 2006, we completed 20 equity offerings (10 lead-managed), raising $2.9 billion in capital for our clients, compared with 14 equity offerings (6 lead-managed), raising $2.5 billion in capital, during the three months ended June 30, 2005. Advisory services revenues increased 77.2 percent to $19.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 as merger and acquisition activity remained strong. In the second quarter of 2006, we completed 9 mergers and acquisitions transactions valued at $1.7 billion, compared with 6 deals valued at $0.6 billion in the second quarter of 2005. Partially offsetting these increases was a decline in fixed income underwriting revenues of 20.7 percent, compared to the record second quarter of 2005, due to fewer municipal refinancing transactions.
     Subordinated debt interest expense increased 37.4 percent from the year-ago period to $2.9 million due to increased short-term interest rates.
     For the three months ended June 30, 2006, other income was a $1.3 million loss primarily resulting from losses we recognized due to a decline in the market value of restricted NYSE Group, Inc. shares held by us, approximately two-thirds of which we sold during the quarter.

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
     Discontinued operations include the operating results of our PCS business. On April 10, 2006, we signed a definitive agreement to sell our PCS branch network and certain other assets of that business to a subsidiary of UBS AG. We expect the transaction to close in the third quarter of 2006. In addition, discontinued operations include restructuring and transactions costs incurred in connection with this pending sale.
                         
    For the Three Months Ended        
    June 30,     2006 vs.  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005     2005  
PCS revenues
  $ 89,195     $ 85,433       4.4 %
PCS operating expenses
    77,511       81,983       (5.5 )
Restructuring costs
    16,191             N/M  
Transaction costs
    957             N/M  
 
                   
Income/(loss) before tax expense/(benefit)
    (5,464 )     3,450       N/M  
 
                       
Income tax expense/(benefit)
    (1,672 )     1,105       N/M  
 
                   
 
                       
Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
  $ (3,792 )   $ 2,345       N/M  
 
                   
 
                       
Number of PCS financial advisors
    736       863       (14.7 )%
(period end)
                       
 
N/M —  Not Meaningful
     For the three months ended June 30, 2006, PCS recorded pre-tax operating income before restructuring and transaction costs of $11.7 million, compared with $3.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2005. PCS net revenues improved from the year-ago period due to increases in fee-based revenues and increased net interest income due to increased short-term interest rates. These increases were partially offset by reduced revenues from 14.7 percent fewer financial advisors. A large portion of the decline in financial advisors is attributable to the pending sale of the PCS branch network. PCS operating expenses declined 5.5 percent from the year-ago period due to the cancellation of various PCS initiatives and the discontinuation of depreciation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” See Note 13 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
     In connection with the sale of our PCS branch network, we recorded $17.1 million in pre-tax restructuring and transactions costs during the second quarter of 2006. See Note 14 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for further discussion of these costs.

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FINANCIAL SUMMARY FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2006 AND 2005
     The following table provides a summary of the results of our operations and the results of our operations as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated.
                                         
                            Results of Operations
as a Percentage of Net
 
    Results of Operations     Revenues  
    For the Six Months Ended     For the Six Months Ended  
    June 30,     June 30,  
                    2006        
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005     v2005     2006     2005  
Revenues:
                                       
Investment banking
  $ 131,000     $ 96,502       35.7 %     54.5 %     52.9 %
Insititutional brokerage
    87,172       79,223       10.0       36.3       43.4  
Interest
    28,065       20,658       35.9       11.7       11.3  
Other income
    11,268       1,454       675.0       4.7       0.8  
 
                               
 
                                       
Total revenues
    257,505       197,837       30.2       107.2       108.4  
 
                                       
Interest expense
    17,296       15,268       13.3       7.2       8.4  
 
                               
 
                                       
Net revenues
    240,209       182,569       31.6       100.0       100.0  
 
                               
 
                                       
Non-interest expenses:
                                       
Compensation and benefits
    133,577       104,613       27.7       55.6       57.3  
Occupancy and equipment
    14,827       15,202       (2.5 )     6.2       8.3  
Communications
    10,976       12,398       (11.5 )     4.6       6.8  
Floor brokerage and clearance
    6,048       7,449       (18.8 )     2.5       4.1  
Marketing and business development
    11,301       10,966       3.1       4.7       6.0  
Outside services
    13,128       11,674       12.5       5.5       6.4  
Cash award program
    2,161       2,197       (1.6 )     0.9       1.2  
Restructuring expense
          8,595       N/M             4.7  
Other operating expenses
    7,347       6,197       18.6       3.0       3.4  
 
                               
 
                                       
Total non-interest expenses
    199,365       179,291       11.2       83.0       98.2  
 
                               
 
                                       
Income from continuing operations before tax expense
    40,844       3,278       1,146.0       17.0       1.8  
 
                                       
Income tax expense
    14,209       983       1,345.5       5.9       0.5  
 
                               
 
                                       
Net income from continuing operations
    26,635       2,295       1,060.6       11.1       1.3  
 
                               
 
                                       
Discontinued operations:
                                       
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
    1,359       6,277       (78.3 )     0.6       3.4  
 
                               
 
                                       
Net income
  $ 27,994     $ 8,572       226.6 %     11.7 %     4.7 %
 
                               
 
N/M —  Not Meaningful
     Except as discussed below, the underlying reasons for variances to prior year are substantially the same as the comparative quarterly discussion, and the statements in the foregoing discussion also apply.
     For the six months ended June 30, 2006, net income, which includes both continuing and discontinued operations, totaled $28.0 million, a 226.6 percent increase from the year-ago period due to higher net revenues and reduced non-compensation expenses. Net revenues from continuing operations increased to $240.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006, an increase of 31.6 percent from the corresponding period in the prior year. Investment banking revenues increased 35.7 percent to $131.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006, compared with revenues of $96.5 million in the prior-year period. This increase was attributable to higher equity underwriting and advisory services activity. Institutional brokerage revenues increased 10.0 percent over the prior-year period to $87.2 million as a result of increased

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equity commissions and increased revenues related to our high-yield and structured products. Net interest income for the first six months of 2006 increased to $10.8 million, up from $5.4 million for the first six months of 2005. This increase was due to the impact of rising short-term interest rates on net inventories and the growth in sales of interest-rate products. Other income for the six months ended June 30, 2006 was $11.3 million, compared with $1.5 million for the corresponding period in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to a $9.1 million gain related to our ownership of two seats on the New York Stock Exchange, which were exchanged for cash and restricted shares of the NYSE Group, Inc. We sold approximately 65 percent of our NYSE Group, Inc. restricted shares in a secondary offering during the second quarter of 2006. Non-interest expenses increased to $199.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006, from $179.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005. This increase was attributable to increased variable compensation and benefits expenses due to higher revenues and profitability, offset in part by an $8.6 million restructure charge taken in the second quarter of 2005.
NON-INTEREST EXPENSES FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS
Occupancy and Equipment
     For the six months ended June 30, 2006, occupancy and equipment decreased to $14.8 million, compared with $15.2 million for the prior-year period. The decrease was primarily a result of a reduction in office space, offset in part by a $0.4 million write-off of fixed assets in the first quarter of 2006 in connection with modifications to our fixed income trading system.
Marketing and Business Development
     Marketing and business development expenses include travel and entertainment, postage, supplies and promotional and advertising costs. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, marketing and business development expenses increased 3.1 percent to $11.3 million, compared with $11.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005. This increase was due to increased travel and entertainment expenses due to higher levels of equity underwriting and advisory service activity in the first six months of 2006, partially offset by a $0.5 million sales and use tax refund received in the first quarter of 2006 related to a favorable sales and use tax ruling.
Other Operating Expenses
     Other operating expenses include insurance costs, license and registration fees, expenses related to our charitable giving program, amortization on intangible assets and litigation-related expenses, which consist of the amounts we reserve and/or pay out related to legal and regulatory matters. For the second quarter of 2006, other operating expenses increased to $7.3 million, compared with $6.2 million for the year-ago period. The 18.6 percent increase was primarily a result of increased charitable giving expenses.
Income Taxes
     For the six months ended June 30, 2006, income taxes from continuing operations were $14.2 million, an effective tax rate of 34.8 percent, compared with $1.0 million of income taxes and an effective tax rate of 30.0 percent, for the corresponding period in 2005. The increased effective tax rate is attributable to a decrease in the ratio of municipal interest income, which is non-taxable, to total taxable income.

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NET REVENUES FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS (DETAIL)
                         
    For the Six Months Ended        
    June 30,        
                    2006  
    2006     2005     v2005  
(Dollars in thousands)                        
Net revenues:
                       
Institutional sales and trading
                       
Fixed income
  $ 39,236     $ 31,659       23.9 %
Equities
    64,289       56,867       13.1  
 
                   
Total institutional sales and trading
    103,525       88,526       16.9  
Investment banking
                       
Underwriting
                       
Fixed income
    31,427       31,390       0.1  
Equities
    55,691       37,298       49.3  
Advisory services
    43,882       27,814       57.8  
 
                   
Total investment banking
    131,000       96,502       35.7  
Subordinated debt interest expense
    (5,584 )     (3,913 )     42.7  
Other income
    11,268       1,454       675.0  
 
                   
Total net revenues
  $ 240,209     $ 182,569       31.6 %
 
                   
     For the six months ended June 30, 2006, net revenues were $240.2 million, up 31.6 percent compared with the corresponding period in the prior year.
     Institutional sales and trading revenues comprise all the revenues generated through trading activities, primarily the facilitation of customer trades. To assess the profitability of institutional sales and trading activities, we aggregate institutional brokerage revenues with the net interest income or expense associated with financing, economically hedging and holding long or short inventory positions. Our results in the sales and trading area vary from quarter to quarter with changes in trading margins, trading volumes and the timing of transactions as a result of market opportunities. Increased price transparency in the fixed income market, pressure from institutional clients in the equity market to reduce commissions and the use of alternative trading systems in the equity market have put pressure on trading margins. We expect this pressure to continue.
     For the six months ended June 30, 2006, institutional sales and trading revenues increased 16.9 percent to $103.5 million, compared with $88.5 million for the prior-year period. Fixed income institutional sales and trading revenues increased 23.9 percent to $39.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006, compared with $31.7 million for the corresponding period in 2005. We were able to improve year-over-year performance through increased high-yield and structured product revenues. Equity institutional sales and trading revenue increased 13.1 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2006, to $64.3 million. This increase is attributed to higher convertible net revenues and incremental sales and trading revenue related to our European expansion.
     For the first six months of 2006, investment banking revenues increased 35.7 percent to $131.0 million, compared with $96.5 million in the first six months of 2005. This increase was driven by strong increases in equity underwriting and advisory services. Equity underwriting revenues increased 49.3 percent to $55.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006. This increase was due to an increased number of completed transactions. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, we completed 45 equity offerings, raising $6.9 billion in capital for our clients, compared with 33 equity offerings, raising $4.7 billion in capital, during the six months ended June 30, 2005. Advisory services revenues increased 57.8 percent to $43.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 due to a strong market for merger and acquisition activity in the first half of 2006. We completed 23 mergers and acquisitions transactions valued at $3.9 billion for the first six months of 2006, compared with 15 deals valued at $2.0 billion for the first six months of 2005. Fixed income underwriting revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2006 were essentially flat to the year-ago period. We have increased our market share of negotiated municipal underwriting during 2006, however, the overall par value of municipal offerings has declined during 2006.

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
                         
    For the Six Months Ended        
    June 30,     2006 vs.  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005     2005  
PCS revenues
  $ 181,790     $ 176,164       3.2 %
PCS operating expenses
    161,910       166,371       (2.7 )
Restructuring costs
    16,191             N/M  
Transaction costs
    957             N/M  
 
                   
Income before tax expense
    2,732       9,793       (72.1 )
 
                       
Income tax expense
    1,373       3,516       (60.9 )
 
                   
 
                       
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
  $ 1,359     $ 6,277       (78.3 )%
 
                   
 
N/M —  Not Meaningful
     The underlying reasons for fluctuations in PCS revenues and PCS operating expenses between the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 are substantially the same as those described in the comparative discussion for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
     Recent accounting pronouncements are set forth in Note 3 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements and are incorporated herein by reference.
Critical Accounting Policies
     Our accounting and reporting policies comply with GAAP and conform to practices within the securities industry. The preparation of financial statements in compliance with GAAP and industry practices requires us to make estimates and assumptions that could materially affect amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements. Critical accounting policies are those policies that we believe to be the most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and that require us to make estimates that are difficult, subjective or complex. Most accounting policies are not considered by us to be critical accounting policies. Several factors are considered in determining whether or not a policy is critical, including, among others, whether the estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, the nature of the estimates, the ability to readily validate the estimates with other information, including third-party or independent sources, the sensitivity of the estimates to changes in economic conditions and whether alternative accounting methods may be used under GAAP.
     For a full description of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report to Shareholders on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. We believe that of our significant accounting policies, the following are our critical accounting policies:
VALUATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
     Trading securities owned, trading securities owned and pledged as collateral, and trading securities sold, but not yet purchased on our consolidated statements of financial condition consist of financial instruments recorded at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses related to these financial instruments are reflected on our consolidated statements of operations.
     The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. When available, we use observable market prices, observable market parameters, or broker or dealer prices (bid and ask prices) to derive the fair value of the instrument. In the case of financial instruments transacted on recognized

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exchanges, the observable market prices represent quotations for completed transactions from the exchange on which the financial instrument is principally traded. Bid prices represent the highest price a buyer is willing to pay for a financial instrument at a particular time. Ask prices represent the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for a financial instrument at a particular time.
     A substantial percentage of the fair value of our trading securities owned, trading securities owned and pledged as collateral, and trading securities sold, but not yet purchased are based on observable market prices, observable market parameters, or derived from broker or dealer prices. The availability of observable market prices and pricing parameters can vary from product to product. Where available, observable market prices and pricing or market parameters in a product may be used to derive a price without requiring significant judgment. In certain markets, observable market prices or market parameters are not available for all products, and fair value is determined using techniques appropriate for each particular product. These techniques involve some degree of judgment.
     For investments in illiquid or privately held securities that do not have readily determinable fair values, the determination of fair value requires us to estimate the value of the securities using the best information available. Among the factors considered by us in determining the fair value of financial instruments are the cost, terms and liquidity of the investment, the financial condition and operating results of the issuer, the quoted market price of publicly traded securities with similar quality and yield, and other factors generally pertinent to the valuation of investments. In instances where a security is subject to transfer restrictions, the value of the security is based primarily on the quoted price of a similar security without restriction but may be reduced by an amount estimated to reflect such restrictions. In addition, even where the value of a security is derived from an independent source, certain assumptions may be required to determine the security’s fair value. For instance, we assume that the size of positions in securities that we hold would not be large enough to affect the quoted price of the securities if we sell them, and that any such sale would happen in an orderly manner. The actual value realized upon disposition could be different from the currently estimated fair value.
     Fair values for derivative contracts represent amounts estimated to be received from or paid to a third party in settlement of these instruments. These derivatives are valued using quoted market prices when available or pricing models based on the net present value of estimated future cash flows. Management deemed the net present value of estimated future cash flows model to be the best estimate of fair value as most of our derivative products are interest rate products. The valuation models used require inputs including contractual terms, market prices, yield curves, credit curves and measures of volatility. The valuation models are monitored over the life of the derivative product. If there are any changes in the underlying inputs, the model is updated for those new inputs.
     The following table presents the carrying value of our trading securities owned, trading securities owned and pledged as collateral and trading securities sold, but not yet purchased for which fair value is measured based on quoted prices or other independent sources versus those for which fair value is determined by management.
                 
    June 30, 2006  
            Trading  
    Trading     Securities Sold,  
    Securities Owned     But Not Yet  
(Dollars in thousands)   or Pledged     Purchased  
Fair value of securities excluding derivatives, based on quoted prices and independent sources
  $ 753,401     $ 325,191  
Fair value of securities excluding derivatives, as determined by management
    8,107        
Fair value of derivatives as determined by management
    28,438       2,858  
 
           
 
  $ 789,946     $ 328,049  
 
           
     Financial instruments carried at contract amounts that approximate fair value have short-term maturities (one year or less), are repriced frequently or bear market interest rates and, accordingly, are carried at amounts approximating fair value. Financial instruments carried at contract amount on our consolidated statements of financial condition include receivables from and payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations, securities purchased under agreements to resell, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, receivables from and payables to customers, short-term financing and subordinated debt.
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
     We record all assets and liabilities acquired in purchase acquisitions, including goodwill, at fair value as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, “Business Combinations.” Determining the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired requires certain management estimates. At June 30, 2006, we had goodwill of $317.2 million, principally as a result of the 1998 acquisition of our predecessor, Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., and its subsidiaries by U.S. Bancorp.

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     Under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” we are required to perform impairment tests of our goodwill and intangible assets annually and more frequently in certain circumstances. We have elected to test for goodwill impairment in the fourth quarter of each calendar year. The goodwill impairment test is a two-step process, which requires management to make judgments in determining what assumptions to use in the calculation. The first step of the process consists of estimating the fair value of each operating segment based on a discounted cash flow model using revenue and profit forecasts and comparing those estimated fair values with carrying values, which includes the allocated goodwill. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying values, a second step is performed to compute the amount of the impairment by determining an “implied fair value” of goodwill. The determination of a reporting unit’s “implied fair value” of goodwill requires us to allocate the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit. Any unallocated fair value represents the “implied fair value” of goodwill, which is compared to its corresponding carrying value. We completed our last goodwill impairment test as of October 31, 2005, and no impairment was identified.
     As noted above, the initial recognition of goodwill and other intangible assets and the subsequent impairment analysis requires management to make subjective judgments concerning estimates of how the acquired assets or businesses will perform in the future using valuation methods including discounted cash flow analysis. Events and factors that may significantly affect the estimates include, among others, competitive forces and changes in revenue growth trends, cost structures, technology, discount rates and market conditions. Additionally, estimated cash flows may extend beyond ten years and, by their nature, are difficult to determine over an extended time period. To assess the reasonableness of cash flow estimates and validate assumptions used in our estimates, we review historical performance of the underlying assets or similar assets.
     In assessing the fair value of our operating segments, the volatile nature of the securities markets and our industry requires us to consider the business and market cycle and assess the stage of the cycle in estimating the timing and extent of future cash flows. In addition to estimating the fair value of an operating segment based on discounted cash flows, we consider other information to validate the reasonableness of our valuations, including public market comparables, multiples of recent mergers and acquisitions of similar businesses and third-party assessments. Valuation multiples may be based on revenues, price-to-earnings and tangible capital ratios of comparable public companies and business segments. These multiples may be adjusted to consider competitive differences including size, operating leverage and other factors. We determine the carrying amount of an operating segment based on the capital required to support the segment’s activities, including its tangible and intangible assets. The determination of a segment’s capital allocation requires management judgment and considers many factors, including the regulatory capital requirements and tangible capital ratios of comparable public companies in relevant industry sectors. In certain circumstances, we may engage a third party to validate independently our assessment of the fair value of our operating segments. If during any future period it is determined that an impairment exists, the results of operations in that period could be materially adversely affected.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
     As part of our compensation to employees and directors, we use stock-based compensation, including stock options and restricted stock. Effective January 1, 2004, we elected to account for stock-based employee compensation on a prospective basis under the fair value method, as prescribed by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting and Disclosure of Stock-Based Compensation,” and as amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure.” The fair value method requires stock based compensation to be expensed in the consolidated statement of operations at their fair value.
     Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R) (“SFAS 123(R)”), “Share-Based Payment,” using the modified prospective transition method. SFAS 123(R) requires all stock-based compensation to be expensed in the consolidated statement of operations at fair value, net of estimated forfeitures. Because we have expensed all equity awards based on the fair value method, net of estimated forfeitures, SFAS 123(R) did not have a material effect on our measurement or recognition methods for stock-based compensation.
     Compensation paid to employees in the form of stock options or restricted stock is generally amortized on a straight-line basis over the required service period of the award, which is typically three years, and is included in our results of operations as compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures. The majority of our restricted stock grants provide for continued vesting after termination, providing the employee does not violate non-competition and certain other post-termination restrictions, as set forth in the award agreements. We consider the required service period to be the greater of the vesting period or the non-competition period. We believe that our non-competition restrictions meet the SFAS 123(R) definition of a substantive service requirement.

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     Stock-based compensation granted to our non-employee directors is in the form of stock options. Stock-based compensation paid to directors is immediately vested (i.e., there is no continuing service requirement) and is included in our results of operations as outside services expense as of the date of grant.
     In determining the estimated fair value of stock options, we use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. This model requires management to exercise judgment with respect to certain assumptions, including the expected dividend yield, the expected volatility, and the expected life of the options. The expected dividend yield assumption is based on the assumed dividend payout over the expected life of the option. The expected volatility assumption is based on industry comparisons, as we have limited information on which to base our volatility estimates because we have only been a public company since the beginning of 2004. The expected life of options assumption is based on the average of the following two factors: 1) industry comparisons; and 2) the guidance provided by the SEC in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”). SAB 107 allowed the use of an “acceptable” methodology under which we can take the midpoint of the vesting date and the full contractual term. We believe our approach for calculating an expected life to be an appropriate method in light of the lack of any historical data regarding employee exercise behavior or employee post-termination behavior. Additional information regarding assumptions used in the Black-Scholes pricing model can be found in Note 11 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
CONTINGENCIES
     We are involved in various pending and potential legal proceedings related to our business, including litigation, arbitration and regulatory proceedings. Some of these matters involve claims for substantial amounts, including claims for punitive and other special damages. The number of these legal proceedings has increased in recent years. We have, after consultation with outside legal counsel and consideration of facts currently known by management, recorded estimated losses in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” to the extent that claims are probable of loss and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The determination of these reserve amounts requires significant judgment on the part of management. In making these determinations, we consider many factors, including, but not limited to, the loss and damages sought by the plaintiff or claimant, the basis and validity of the claim, the likelihood of a successful defense against the claim, and the potential for, and magnitude of, damages or settlements from such pending and potential litigation and arbitration proceedings, and fines and penalties or orders from regulatory agencies.
     Under the terms of our separation and distribution agreement with U.S. Bancorp and ancillary agreements entered into in connection with the spin-off, we generally are responsible for all liabilities relating to our business, including those liabilities relating to our business while it was operated as a segment of U.S. Bancorp under the supervision of its management and board of directors and while our employees were employees of U.S. Bancorp servicing our business. Similarly, U.S. Bancorp generally is responsible for all liabilities relating to the businesses U.S. Bancorp retained. However, in addition to our established reserves, U.S. Bancorp agreed to indemnify us in an amount up to $17.5 million for losses that result from certain matters, primarily third-party claims relating to research analyst independence. U.S. Bancorp has the right to terminate this indemnification obligation in the event of a change in control of our company. As of June 30, 2006, approximately $13.3 million of the indemnification remained available.
     Under the terms of our asset purchase agreement with UBS Financial Services, Inc., a subsidiary of UBS AG, (“UBS”), pursuant to which UBS will acquire our PCS branch network, UBS agreed to assume certain liabilities of the PCS business, including certain liabilities and obligations arising from litigation, arbitration, customer complaints and other claims related to the PCS business, as described in the asset purchase agreement.
     Subject to the foregoing, we believe, based on our current knowledge, after appropriate consultation with outside legal counsel and after taking into account our established reserves and the U.S. Bancorp indemnity agreement, that pending litigation, arbitration and regulatory proceedings will be resolved with no material adverse effect on our financial condition. However, if, during any period, a potential adverse contingency should become probable or resolved for an amount in excess of the established reserves and indemnification, the results of operations in that period could be materially adversely affected.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
     Liquidity is of critical importance to us given the nature of our business. Insufficient liquidity resulting from adverse circumstances contributes to, and may be the cause of, financial institution failure. Accordingly, we regularly monitor our liquidity position, including our cash and net capital positions, and we have implemented a liquidity strategy designed to enable our business to continue to operate even under adverse circumstances, although there can be no assurance that our strategy will be successful under all circumstances.

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     We have a liquid balance sheet. Most of our assets consist of cash and assets readily convertible into cash. Securities inventories are stated at fair value and are generally readily marketable. Customers’ margin loans are collateralized by securities and have floating interest rates. Other receivables and payables with customers and other brokers and dealers usually settle within a few days. As part of our liquidity strategy, we emphasize diversification of funding sources. We utilize a mix of funding sources and, to the extent possible, maximize our lower-cost financing associated with securities lending and repurchase agreements. Our assets are financed by our cash flows from operations, equity capital, subordinated debt, bank lines of credit and proceeds from securities lending and securities sold under agreements to repurchase. The fluctuations in cash flows from financing activities are directly related to daily operating activities from our various businesses.
     A significant component of our employees’ compensation is paid in an annual bonus. The timing of these bonus payments, which generally occurs in February, have a significant impact on our cash position and liquidity when paid.
     We currently do not pay cash dividends on our common stock.
     In the third quarter of 2006, we expect to receive after-tax proceeds of approximately $510 million, which excludes the potential additional cash consideration of up to $75 million, for the sale of our PCS branch network and certain other assets consisting primarily of customer margin loans to UBS. It is our intention to utilize the sale proceeds in the following manner:
    for the expansion of our existing capital markets business and the investment of capital in new businesses;
 
    for the repayment of all $180 million in subordinated debt currently outstanding; and
 
    to repurchase up to $180 million in common stock.
FUNDING SOURCES
     We have available discretionary short-term financing on both a secured and unsecured basis. Secured financing is obtained through the use of securities lending agreements, repurchase agreements and secured bank loans. Securities lending agreements are primarily secured by client collateral pledged for margin loans while bank loans and repurchase agreements are typically collateralized by the firm’s securities inventory. Short-term funding is generally obtained at rates based upon the federal funds rate.
     To finance customer receivables we utilized an average of $35 million in short-term bank loans and an average of $224 million in securities lending arrangements in the second quarter of 2006. This compares to an average of $69 million in short-term bank loans and $257 million in average securities lending arrangements in the second quarter of 2005. Average net repurchase agreements (excluding economic hedges) of $120 million and $163 million in the second quarter of 2006 and the second quarter of 2005, respectively, were primarily used to finance inventory. Growth in margin loans to customers is generally financed through increases in securities lending to third parties while growth in our securities inventory is generally financed through repurchase agreements or securities lending. Bank financing supplements these sources as necessary. On June 30, 2006, we had no outstanding short-term bank financing.
     As of June 30, 2006, we had uncommitted credit agreements with banks totaling $675 million, comprising $555 million in discretionary secured lines and $120 million in discretionary unsecured lines. We have been able to obtain necessary short-term borrowings in the past and believe we will continue to be able to do so in the future. We have also established arrangements to obtain financing using as collateral our securities held by our clearing bank or by another broker dealer at the end of each business day.
     In addition to the $675 million of credit agreements described above, our broker dealer subsidiary is party to a $180 million subordinated loan agreement with an affiliate of U.S. Bancorp, which has been approved by the NYSE for regulatory net capital purposes as allowable in our broker dealer subsidiary’s net capital computation. The interest on the $180 million subordinated loan agreement is based on the three-month London Interbank Offer Rate. The entire amount outstanding matures October 31, 2008. As previously noted, we intend to repay the $180 million in subordinated debt following receipt of the proceeds from the sale of our PCS branch network to UBS.

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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
     Our contractual obligations have not materially changed from those reported in our Annual Report to Shareholders on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
     As a registered broker dealer and member firm of the NYSE, our broker dealer subsidiary is subject to the uniform net capital rule of the SEC and the net capital rule of the NYSE. We have elected to use the alternative method permitted by the uniform net capital rule, which requires that we maintain minimum net capital of the greater of $1.0 million or 2 percent of aggregate debit balances arising from customer transactions, as this is defined in the rule. The NYSE may prohibit a member firm from expanding its business or paying dividends if resulting net capital would be less than 5 percent of aggregate debit balances. Advances to affiliates, repayment of subordinated liabilities, dividend payments and other equity withdrawals are subject to certain notification and other provisions of the uniform net capital rule and the net capital rule of the NYSE. We expect these provisions will not impact our ability to meet current and future obligations. In addition, we are subject to certain notification requirements related to withdrawals of excess net capital from our broker dealer subsidiary. Our broker dealer subsidiary is also registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) and therefore is subject to CFTC regulations. Piper Jaffray Ltd., our registered United Kingdom broker dealer subsidiary, is subject to the capital requirements of the U.K. Financial Services Authority.
     At June 30, 2006, net capital under the SEC’s Uniform Net Capital Rule was $335.2 million or 63.2 percent of aggregate debit balances, and $324.6 million in excess of the minimum required net capital.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
     We enter into various types of off-balance sheet arrangements in the ordinary course of business. We hold retained interests in nonconsolidated entities, incur obligations to commit capital to nonconsolidated entities, enter into derivative transactions, enter into non-derivative guarantees and enter into other off-balance sheet arrangements.
     We enter into arrangements with special-purpose entities (“SPEs”), also known as variable interest entities. SPEs are corporations, trusts or partnerships that are established for a limited purpose. SPEs, by their nature, generally are not controlled by their equity owners, as the establishing documents govern all material decisions. Our primary involvement with SPEs relates to securitization transactions in which highly rated fixed rate municipal bonds are sold to an SPE. We follow Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140 (“SFAS 140”), “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities — a Replacement of FASB Statement No. 125,” to account for securitizations and other transfers of financial assets. Therefore, we derecognize financial assets transferred in securitizations provided that such transfer meets all of the SFAS 140 criteria. See Note 5, “Securitizations,” in the notes to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for a complete discussion of our securitization activities.
     We have investments in various entities, typically partnerships or limited liability companies, established for the purpose of investing in emerging growth companies or other private or public equity. We commit capital or act as the managing partner or member of these entities. These entities are reviewed under variable interest entity and voting interest entity standards. If we determine that an entity should not be consolidated, we record these investments on the equity method of accounting. The lower of cost or market method of accounting is applied to investments where we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operations of an entity. For a complete discussion of our activities related to these types of partnerships, see Note 6, “Variable Interest Entities,” to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report to Shareholders on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
     We enter into derivative contracts in a principal capacity as a dealer to satisfy the financial needs of clients. We also use derivative products to manage the interest rate and market value risks associated with our security positions. For a complete discussion of our activities related to derivative products, see Note 4, “Derivatives,” in the notes to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
     Our other types of off-balance-sheet arrangements include contractual commitments and guarantees. For a discussion of our activities related to these off-balance sheet arrangements, see Note 14, “Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees,” to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report to Shareholders on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.

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Enterprise Risk Management
     Risk is an inherent part of our business. In the course of conducting business operations, we are exposed to a variety of risks. Market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, and legal, regulatory and compliance risk are the principal risks we face in operating our business. We seek to identify, assess and monitor each risk in accordance with defined policies and procedures. The extent to which we properly identify and effectively manage each of these risks is critical to our financial condition and profitability. For a full description of our risk management framework, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
VALUE-AT-RISK
     Value-at-Risk (“VaR”) is the potential loss in value of our trading positions due to adverse market movements over a defined time horizon with a specified confidence level. We perform a daily historical simulated VaR analysis on substantially all of our trading positions, including fixed income, equities, convertible bonds and all associated economic hedges. We use a VaR model because it provides a common metric for assessing market risk across business lines and products. The modeling of the market risk characteristics of our trading positions involves a number of assumptions and approximations. While we believe that these assumptions and approximations are reasonable, different assumptions and approximations could produce materially different VaR estimates. For example, we include the risk-reducing diversification benefit between various securities because it is highly unlikely that all securities would have an equally adverse move on a typical trading day.
     We report an empirical VaR based on net realized trading revenue volatility. Empirical VaR presents an inclusive measure of our historical risk exposure, as it incorporates virtually all trading activities and types of risk including market, credit, liquidity and operational risk. The exhibit below presents VaR using the past 250 days of net trading revenue. Consistent with industry practice, when calculating VaR we use a 95 percent confidence level and a one-day time horizon for calculating both empirical and simulated VaR. This means there is a 1 in 20 chance that daily trading net revenues will fall below the expected daily trading net revenues by an amount at least as large as the reported VaR. As a result, shortfalls from expected trading net revenues on a single trading day that are greater than the reported VaR would be anticipated to occur, on average, about once a month.
     The following table quantifies the empirical VaR for each component of market risk for the periods presented:
                 
    At June 30,     At December 31,  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005  
Interest Rate Risk
  $ 319     $ 324  
Equity Price Risk
    299       345  
 
           
Aggregate Undiversified Risk
    618       669  
Diversification Benefit
    (127 )     (133 )
 
           
Aggregate Diversified Value-at-Risk
  $ 491     $ 536  
     The table below illustrates the daily high, low and average value-at-risk calculated for each component of market risk during the six months ended June 30, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, respectively.
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2006
                         
(Dollars in thousands)   High   Low   Average
Interest Rate Risk
  $ 355     $ 310     $ 333  
Equity Price Risk
    346       299       319  
Aggregate Undiversified Risk
    679       618       652  
Aggregate Diversified Value-at-Risk
    541       491       519  
For the Year Ended December 31, 2005
                         
(Dollars in thousands)   High   Low   Average
Interest Rate Risk
  $ 1,436     $ 324     $ 538  
Equity Price Risk
    345       258       314  
Aggregate Undiversified Risk
    1,705       668       853  
Aggregate Diversified Value-at-Risk
    1,558       536       719  

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     Model-based VaR derived from simulation has inherent limitations, including reliance on historical data to predict future market risk and the parameters established in creating the models that limit quantitative risk information outputs. There can be no assurance that actual losses occurring on any given day arising from changes in market conditions will not exceed the VaR amounts shown below or that such losses will not occur more than once in a 20-day trading period. In addition, different VaR methodologies and distribution assumptions could produce materially different VaR numbers. Changes in VaR between reporting periods are generally due to changes in levels of risk exposure, volatilities and/or correlations among asset classes.
     The following table quantifies the simulated VaR for each component of market risk for the periods presented:
                 
    At June 30,     At December 31,  
(Dollars in thousands)   2006     2005  
Interest Rate Risk
  $ 404     $ 309  
Equity Price Risk
    268       288  
 
           
Aggregate Undiversified Risk
    672       597  
Diversification Benefit
    (161 )     (239 )
 
           
Aggregate Diversified Value-at-Risk
  $ 511     $ 358  
     In addition to daily VaR estimates, we calculate the potential market risk to our trading positions under selected stress scenarios. We calculate the daily 99.9 percent VaR estimates both with and without diversification benefits for each risk category and firmwide. These stress tests allow us to measure the potential effects on net revenue from adverse changes in market volatilities, correlations and trading liquidity. Supplementary measures employed by Piper Jaffray to monitor and manage market risk exposure include the following: net market position and basis point values, option sensitivities, and inventory turnover. All metrics are aggregated by asset concentration and are used for monitoring limits, exception approvals and strategic control.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
     The information under the caption “Enterprise Risk Management” in Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in this Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
     As of the end of the period covered by this report, we conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. During the second quarter of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, there was no change in our system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
     Due to the nature of our business, we are involved in a variety of legal proceedings. These proceedings include litigation, arbitration and regulatory proceedings, which may arise from, among other things, client account activity, underwriting or other transactional activity, employment matters, regulatory examinations of our businesses and investigations of securities industry practices by governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations. The securities industry is highly regulated, and the regulatory scrutiny applied to securities firms has increased dramatically in recent years, resulting in a higher number of regulatory investigations and enforcement actions and significantly greater uncertainty regarding the likely outcome of these matters. The number of litigation and arbitration proceedings also has increased in recent years. Accordingly, in recent years we have incurred, and may incur in the future, higher expenses for legal proceedings than previously.

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     At the time of our spin-off from U.S. Bancorp, we assumed liability for certain legal proceedings that named U.S. Bancorp as a defendant but related to the business we managed when Piper Jaffray was a subsidiary of U.S. Bancorp. In those situations, we generally have agreed with U.S. Bancorp that we will manage the proceedings and indemnify U.S. Bancorp for the related expenses, including the amount of any judgment. In turn, U.S. Bancorp agreed to indemnify us for certain legal proceedings relating to our business prior to the spin-off (as described in Note 9 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements).
     Under the terms of our asset purchase agreement with UBS Financial Services Inc., a subsidiary of UBS AG, pursuant to which UBS will acquire our PCS branch network, UBS agreed to assume certain liabilities of the PCS business, including certain liabilities and obligations arising from litigation, arbitration, customer complaints and other claims related to the PCS business, as described in the asset purchase agreement.
     Litigation-related expenses include amounts we reserve and/or pay out as legal and regulatory settlements, awards or judgments, and fines. Parties who initiate litigation and arbitration proceedings against us may seek substantial or indeterminate damages, and regulatory investigations can result in substantial fines being imposed on us. We reserve for contingencies related to legal proceedings at the time and to the extent we determine the amount to be probable and reasonably estimable. However, it is inherently difficult to predict accurately the timing and outcome of legal proceedings, including the amounts of any settlements, judgments or fines. We assess each proceeding based on its particular facts, our outside advisors’ and our past experience with similar matters, and expectations regarding the current legal and regulatory environment and other external developments that might affect the outcome of a particular proceeding or type of proceeding. We believe, based on our current knowledge, after appropriate consultation with outside legal counsel, in light of our established reserves and the indemnification available from U.S. Bancorp, that pending litigation, arbitration and regulatory proceedings, including those described below, will be resolved with no material adverse effect on our financial condition. Of course, there can be no assurance that our assessments will reflect the ultimate outcome of pending proceedings, and the outcome of any particular matter may be material to our operating results for any particular period, depending, in part, on the operating results for that period and the amount of established reserves and indemnification. We generally have denied, or believe that we have meritorious defenses and will deny, liability in all significant litigation and arbitration proceedings currently pending against us, and we intend to vigorously defend such actions.
Initial Public Offering Allocation Litigation
     We have been named, along with other leading securities firms, as a defendant in many putative class actions filed in 2001 and 2002 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York involving the allocation of securities in certain initial public offerings. The court’s order, dated August 8, 2001, transferred all related class action complaints for coordination and pretrial purposes as In re Initial Public Offering Allocation Securities Litigation, Master File No. 21 MC 92 (SAS). These complaints assert claims pursuant to Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. The claims are based, in part, upon allegations that between 1998 and 2000, in connection with acting as an underwriter of certain initial public offerings of technology and Internet-related companies, we obtained excessive compensation by allocating shares in these initial public offerings to preferred customers who, in return, purportedly agreed to pay additional compensation to us in the form of excess commissions that we failed to disclose. The complaints also allege that our customers who received favorable allocations of shares in initial public offerings agreed to purchase additional shares of the same issuer in the secondary market at pre-determined prices. These complaints seek unspecified damages. The defendants’ motions to dismiss the complaints were filed on July 1, 2002, and oral argument on the motions to dismiss was heard on November 14, 2002. The court entered its order largely denying the motions to dismiss on February 19, 2003. A status conference was held with the court on July 11, 2003, for purposes of establishing a case management plan setting forth discovery deadlines, selecting focus cases and briefing class certification. Seventeen focus cases were selected, including eleven cases for purposes of merits discovery and six cases for purposes of class certification. We are named defendants in two of the merits focus cases and none of the class certification focus cases. On October 13, 2004, the court issued an opinion largely granting plaintiffs’ motions for class certification in the six class certification focus cases. Defendants filed a petition seeking leave to appeal the class certification ruling on October 27, 2004. Plaintiffs filed their opposition to the petition on November 8, 2004, and defendants filed their reply in further support of the petition on November 15, 2004. The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit granted the defendants’ petition on June 30, 2005. Defendants filed their brief on October 3, 2005. Plaintiffs’ response was filed on December 19, 2005, and defendants filed their reply on January 27, 2006. Oral argument on the class certification appeal was heard on June 6, 2006. A decision on the appeal is currently pending. Discovery is proceeding at this time with respect to the remaining eleven focus cases selected for merits discovery.

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Initial Public Offering Fee Antitrust Litigation
     We have been named, along with other leading securities firms, as a defendant in several putative class actions filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York in 1998. The court’s order, dated February 11, 1999, consolidated these purported class actions for all purposes as In re Public Offering Fee Antitrust Litigation, Case No. 98 CV 7890 (LMM). The consolidated amended complaint seeks unspecified compensatory damages, treble damages and injunctive relief. The consolidated amended complaint was filed on behalf of purchasers of shares issued in certain initial public offerings for U.S. companies and alleges that defendants conspired in offerings of an amount between $20 million and $80 million to fix the underwriters’ discount at 7.0 percent of the offering amount in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act. The court dismissed this consolidated action with prejudice and denied plaintiffs’ motion to amend the complaint and include an issuer plaintiff. The court stated that its decision did not affect any class actions filed on behalf of issuer plaintiffs. The Second Circuit Court of Appeals reversed the district court’s decision on December 13, 2002 and remanded the action to the district court. A motion to dismiss was filed with the district court on March 26, 2003 seeking dismissal of this action and the issuer plaintiff action described below in their entirety, based upon the argument that the determination of underwriting fees is implicitly immune from the antitrust laws because of the extensive federal regulation of the securities markets. Plaintiffs filed their opposition to the motion to dismiss on April 25, 2003. The underwriter defendants filed a motion for leave to file a supplemental memorandum of law in further support of their motion to dismiss on June 10, 2003. The court denied the motion to dismiss based upon implied immunity in its memorandum and order dated June 26, 2003. A supplemental memorandum in support of the motion to dismiss, applicable only to this action because the purported class consists of indirect purchasers, was filed on June 24, 2003 and sought dismissal based upon the argument that the proposed class members cannot state claims upon which relief can be granted. Plaintiffs filed a supplemental memorandum in opposition to defendants’ motion to dismiss on July 9, 2003, and defendants filed a reply in further support of the motion to dismiss on July 25, 2003. The court entered its memorandum and order granting in part and denying in part the motion to dismiss on February 24, 2004. Plaintiffs’ damage claims were dismissed because they were indirect purchasers, but the motion to dismiss was denied with respect to plaintiffs’ claims for injunctive relief. We filed our answer to the consolidated amended complaint on April 22, 2004. Plaintiffs filed a motion for class certification and supporting memorandum of law on September 16, 2004. Class discovery concluded on April 11, 2005, and defendants filed their brief in opposition to plaintiffs’ motion for class certification on May 25, 2005. Plaintiffs’ reply brief in support of their motion for class certification was filed on October 20, 2005, and defendants filed a surreply brief in opposition to class certification on November 15, 2005. Plaintiffs filed a summary judgment motion on liability on October 25, 2005. The Court denied class certification of an issuer class in its Memorandum and Order dated April 18, 2006. The Order further requires the purchaser plaintiffs to notify the Court within 14 days as to their intention of pursuing class certification of purchaser class to pursue injunctive relief without the prospect of recovery of money damages. Plaintiffs filed a Rule 23(f) application with respect to the denial of class certification on May 1, 2006. The Court granted their request that the response to Plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment be adjourned until 30 days after a ruling on the 23(f) application or the Second Circuit rules on the appeal, whichever is later.
     Similar purported class actions also have been filed against us in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York on behalf of issuer plaintiffs asserting substantially similar antitrust claims based upon allegations that 7.0 percent underwriters’ discounts violate the Sherman Act. These purported class actions were consolidated by the district court as In re Issuer Plaintiff Initial Public Offering Fee Antitrust Litigation, Case No. 00 CV 7804 (LMM), on May 23, 2001. These complaints also seek unspecified compensatory damages, treble damages and injunctive relief. Plaintiffs filed a consolidated class action complaint on July 6, 2001. The district court denied defendants’ motion to dismiss the complaint on September 30, 2002. Defendants filed a motion to certify the order for interlocutory appeal on October 15, 2002. On March 26, 2003, a motion to dismiss based upon implied immunity was also filed in connection with this action. The court denied the motion to dismiss on June 26, 2003. Plaintiffs filed a motion for class certification and supporting memorandum of law on September 16, 2004. Class discovery concluded on April 11, 2005. Defendants filed their brief in opposition to plaintiffs’ motion for class certification on May 25, 2005, and plaintiffs’ reply brief in support of their motion for class certification was filed on October 20, 2005. Defendants filed a surreply brief in opposition to class certification on November 15, 2005. Plaintiffs filed a summary judgment motion on liability on October 25, 2005. The Court denied class certification of an issuer class in its Memorandum and Order dated April 18, 2006. The Order further requires the purchaser plaintiffs to notify the Court within 14 days as to their intention of pursuing class certification of purchaser class to pursue injunctive relief without the prospect of recovery of money damages. Plaintiffs filed a Rule 23(f) application with respect to the denial of class certification on May 1, 2006. The Court granted their request that the response to Plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment be adjourned until 30 days after a ruling on the 23(f) application or the Second Circuit rules on the appeal, whichever is later.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
     The discussion of our business and operations should be read together with the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the SEC, as updated in our subsequent reports on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC. These risk factors describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are or may become subject. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies or prospects in a material and adverse manner. The following information updates the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q:
There are risks associated with the sale of the Private Client Services branch network.
     On April 11, 2006, we announced the signing of a definitive agreement to sell 100 percent of our Private Client Services branch network to UBS AG. There are certain risks associated with this transaction, including the following:
    The transaction announced may not be completed, or completed within the expected timeframe.
 
    We currently expect to realize only a portion, if any, of the up to $75 million in additional cash consideration provided for in the definitive agreement dependent on business performance.
 
    Unforeseen difficulties associated with the transaction, including business disruption and loss of personnel, could delay completion of the transaction and/or cause it to be more expensive than anticipated and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
 
    The expected benefits of the transaction, including the growth of our Capital Markets business, increased profitability and shareholder returns, may take longer than anticipated to achieve and may not be achieved in their entirety or at all.
 
    Strategies with respect to the redeployment of transaction proceeds may take longer than anticipated to be realized or may not be achieved in their entirety or at all.
 
    Following consummation of the transaction we may be subject to increased competitive pressures and experience increased volatility in our financial results.
The volume of anticipated investment banking transactions may differ from actual results.
     The completion of anticipated investment banking transactions is uncertain and beyond our control, and our investment banking revenue is typically earned upon the successful completion of a transaction. In most cases we receive little or no payment for investment banking engagements that do not result in the successful completion of a transaction. For example, a client’s acquisition transaction may be delayed or terminated because of a failure to agree upon final terms with the counterparty, failure to obtain necessary regulatory consents or board or stockholder approvals, failure to secure necessary financing, adverse market conditions or unexpected financial or other problems in the client’s or counterparty’s business. If the parties fail to complete a transaction on which we are advising or an offering in which we are participating, we will earn little or no revenue from the transaction. Accordingly, our business is highly dependent on market conditions as well as the decisions and actions of our clients and interested third parties, and the number of engagements we have at any given time is subject to change and may not necessarily result in future revenues.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
     A third-party trustee makes open-market purchases of our common stock from time to time pursuant to the Piper Jaffray Companies Retirement Plan, under which participating employees may allocate assets to a company stock fund.

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ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
(a)   The Company’s 2006 annual meeting of shareholders was held on May 2, 2006. The holders of 17,146,156 shares of common stock, 82 percent of the outstanding shares entitled to vote as of the record date, were represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.
 
(c)   At the annual meeting, B. Kristine Johnson, Jean M. Taylor and Richard A. Zona were elected as Class III directors to serve three-year terms expiring at the annual meeting of shareholders in 2009. The following table shows the vote totals for each of these individuals:
                 
Name   Votes For   Authority Withheld
B. Kristine Johnson
    10,024,170       7,121,055  
Jean M. Taylor
    15,632,145       1,514,080  
Richard A. Zona
    15,037,844       2,108,381  
     At the annual meeting, our shareholders also approved the Piper Jaffray Companies Amended and Restated 2003 Annual and Long-Term Incentive Plan, ratified the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s independent auditors for the year ending December 31, 2006, and approved a shareholder proposal requesting declassification of the Board and annual election of all directors. The following table indicates the specific voting results for each of these items:
                                 
Proposal   Votes For   Votes Against   Abstentions   Broker Non-Votes
Approval of the Piper Jaffray Companies Amended and Restated 2003 Annual and Long-Term Incentive Plan
    10,264,206       4,506,786       83,970       2,291,262  
 
                               
Ratification of the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as the independent auditor for the year ended December 31, 2006
    17,042,800       62,397       41,027       0  
 
                               
Shareholder proposal requesting declassification of the board of directors and annual election of all directors
    10,731,171       3,983,026       143,392       2,288,635  

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
             
Exhibit       Method of
Number   Description   Filing
2.1
  Asset Purchase Agreement dated April 10, 2006 among Piper Jaffray Companies, Piper Jaffray & Co. and UBS Financial Services Inc. (excluding schedules and exhibits, which the Company agrees to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request).     (1 )
 
           
10.1
  Piper Jaffray Companies Amended and Restated 2003 Annual and Long-Term Incentive Plan   Filed herewith
 
           
31.1
  Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer.   Filed herewith
 
           
31.2
  Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer.   Filed herewith
 
           
32.1
  Certifications furnished pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.   Filed herewith
 
(1)   Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on April 11, 2006.

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SIGNATURES
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on August 4, 2006.
             
 
           
    PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES    
 
           
 
  By   /s/ Andrew S. Duff    
 
           
 
  Its   Chairman and CEO    
 
           
 
  By   /s/ Sandra G. Sponem    
 
           
 
  Its   Chief Financial Officer    

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Exhibit Index
             
Exhibit       Method of
Number   Description   Filing
2.1
  Asset Purchase Agreement dated April 10, 2006 among Piper Jaffray Companies, Piper Jaffray & Co. and UBS Financial Services Inc. (excluding schedules and exhibits, which the Company agrees to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request).     (1 )
 
           
10.1
  Piper Jaffray Companies Amended and Restated 2003 Annual and Long-Term Incentive Plan   Filed herewith
 
           
31.1
  Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer.   Filed herewith
 
           
31.2
  Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer.   Filed herewith
 
           
32.1
  Certifications furnished pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.   Filed herewith
 
(1)   Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on April 11, 2006.

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