Shake Shack Announces Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2023 Financial Results

Financial Highlights for the Fourth Quarter 2023:

  • Total revenue of $286.2 million, up 20.0% versus 2022, including $275.8 million of Shack sales and $10.5 million of Licensing revenue.
  • System-wide sales of $442.1 million, up 21.4% versus 2022.
  • Same-Shack sales up 2.8% versus 2022.
  • Operating loss of $1.3 million.
    • Shack-level operating profit(1) of $54.6 million, or 19.8% of Shack sales.
  • Net income of $6.8 million.
    • Adjusted EBITDA(1) of $31.4 million.
  • Net income attributable to Shake Shack Inc. of $6.8 million, or earnings of $0.15 per diluted share.
    • Adjusted pro forma net income(1) of $1.0 million, or earnings of $0.02 per fully exchanged and diluted share.
  • Opened 15 new domestic Company-operated Shacks. Opened 9 new licensed Shacks, including locations in Mexico and Thailand.

Financial Highlights for the Fiscal Year 2023:

  • Total revenue of $1,087.5 million, up 20.8% versus 2022, including $1,046.8 million of Shack sales and $40.7 million of Licensing revenue.
  • System-wide sales of $1,702.1 million, up 23.5% versus 2022.
  • Same-Shack sales up 4.4% versus 2022.
  • Operating income of $5.9 million.
    • Shack-level operating profit(1) of $208.2 million, or 19.9% of Shack sales.
  • Net income of $20.5 million.
    • Adjusted EBITDA(1) of $131.8 million.
  • Net income attributable to Shake Shack Inc. of $19.8 million, or earnings of $0.47 per diluted share.
    • Adjusted pro forma net income(1) of $16.2 million, or earnings of $0.37 per fully exchanged and diluted share.
  • Opened 41 new domestic Company-operated Shacks. Opened 44 new licensed Shacks, including locations in Thailand and Bahamas.

Shake Shack Inc. (“Shake Shack” or the “Company”) (NYSE: SHAK) has posted its results for the fourth quarter and the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023 in a Shareholder Letter in the Quarterly Results section of the Company's Investor Relations website, which can be found here: Q4 2023 Shareholder Letter.

Shake Shack will host a conference call at 8:00 a.m. ET. Hosting the call will be Randy Garutti, Chief Executive Officer, and Katherine Fogertey, Chief Financial Officer. The conference call can be accessed live over the phone by dialing (877) 407-0792, or for international callers by dialing (201) 689-8263. A replay of the call will be available until February 22, 2024 by dialing (844) 512-2921 or for international callers by dialing (412) 317-6671; the passcode is 13743295.

The live audio webcast of the conference call will be accessible in the Events & Presentations section of the Company's Investor Relations website at investor.shakeshack.com. An archived replay of the webcast will also be available shortly after the live event has concluded.

As previously announced, the Company will restate its financial statements for the fiscal years 2022 and 2021. The Company anticipates filing its Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2023 on a timely basis prior to the deadline. The unaudited financial statements set forth below for fiscal 2023 and 2022 give effect to the previously announced adjustments to the Company’s accounting for state tax depreciation.

(1) Shack-level operating profit, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted pro forma net income (loss) are non-GAAP measures. A reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP is set forth in the schedules accompanying this release. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below.

About Shake Shack

Shake Shack serves elevated versions of American classics using only the best ingredients. It’s known for its delicious made-to-order Angus beef burgers, crispy chicken, hand-spun milkshakes, house-made lemonades, beer, wine, and more. With its high-quality food at a great value, warm hospitality, and a commitment to crafting uplifting experiences, Shake Shack quickly became a cult-brand with widespread appeal. Shake Shack’s purpose is to Stand For Something Good®, from its premium ingredients and employee development, to its inspiring designs and deep community investment. Since the original Shack opened in 2004 in NYC’s Madison Square Park, the Company has expanded to over 510 locations system-wide, including over 330 in 33 U.S. States and the District of Columbia, and over 180 international locations across London, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Singapore, Mexico City, Istanbul, Dubai, Tokyo, Seoul and more.

Skip the line with the Shack App, a mobile ordering app that lets you save time by ordering ahead! Guests can select their location, pick their food, choose a pickup time and their meal will be cooked-to-order and timed to arrival. Available on iOS and Android.

Definitions

The following definitions apply to these terms as used in this release:

"Shack sales" is defined as the aggregate sales of food, beverages, gift card breakage income and Shake Shack branded merchandise at domestic Company-operated Shacks and excludes sales from licensed Shacks.

“System-wide sales” is an operating measure and consists of sales from the Company's domestic Company-operated Shacks, domestic licensed Shacks and international licensed Shacks. The Company does not recognize the sales from licensed Shacks as revenue. Of these amounts, revenue is limited to licensing revenue based on a percentage of sales from domestic and international licensed Shacks, as well as certain up-front fees, such as territory fees and opening fees.

"Same-Shack sales" represents Shack sales for the comparable Shack base, which is defined as the number of domestic Company-operated Shacks open for 24 full fiscal months or longer. For consecutive days that Shacks were temporarily closed, the comparative period was also adjusted.

"Shack-level operating profit," a non-GAAP measure, is defined as Shack sales less Shack-level operating expenses including Food and paper costs, Labor and related expenses, Other operating expenses and Occupancy and related expenses.

"Shack-level operating profit margin," a non-GAAP measure, is defined as Shack sales less Shack-level operating expenses including Food and paper costs, Labor and related expenses, Other operating expenses and Occupancy and related expenses as a percentage of Shack sales.

“EBITDA,” a non-GAAP measure, is defined as Net income (loss) before interest expense (net of interest income), Income tax expense (benefit), and Depreciation and amortization expense.

“Adjusted EBITDA,” a non-GAAP measure, is defined as EBITDA (as defined above), excluding equity-based compensation expense, deferred lease costs, Impairment and loss on disposal of assets, amortization of cloud-based software implementation costs, as well as certain non-recurring items that the Company does not believe directly reflect its core operations and may not be indicative of the Company's recurring business operations.

"Adjusted pro forma net income," a non-GAAP measure, represents Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. assuming the full exchange of all outstanding SSE Holdings, LLC membership interests ("LLC Interests") for shares of Class A common stock, adjusted for certain non-recurring and other items that the Company does not believe directly reflect its core operations and may not be indicative of the Company's recurring business operations.

SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

December 27

2023

 

December 28

2022**

ASSETS

 

 

 

Current assets

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

$

224,653

 

 

$

230,521

 

Marketable securities

 

68,561

 

 

 

80,707

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

16,847

 

 

 

13,877

 

Inventories

 

5,404

 

 

 

4,184

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

18,967

 

 

 

14,699

 

Total current assets

 

334,432

 

 

 

343,988

 

Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $376,760 and $290,362, respectively

 

530,995

 

 

 

467,031

 

Operating lease assets

 

398,595

 

 

 

367,488

 

Deferred income taxes, net

 

325,840

 

 

 

317,719

 

Other assets

 

15,926

 

 

 

15,817

 

TOTAL ASSETS

$

1,605,788

 

 

$

1,512,043

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

Accounts payable

$

22,273

 

 

$

20,407

 

Accrued expenses

 

54,737

 

 

 

47,945

 

Accrued wages and related liabilities

 

20,945

 

 

 

17,576

 

Operating lease liabilities, current

 

49,004

 

 

 

42,238

 

Other current liabilities

 

17,103

 

 

 

19,552

 

Total current liabilities

 

164,062

 

 

 

147,718

 

Long-term debt

 

245,636

 

 

 

244,589

 

Long-term operating lease liabilities

 

464,832

 

 

 

427,227

 

Liabilities under tax receivable agreement, net of current portion

 

235,613

 

 

 

234,893

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

26,638

 

 

 

20,687

 

Total liabilities

 

1,136,781

 

 

 

1,075,114

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

Stockholders' equity:

 

 

 

Preferred stock, no par value—10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding as of

December 27, 2023 and December 28, 2022.

 

 

 

 

 

Class A common stock, $0.001 par value—200,000,000 shares authorized; 39,474,315 and 39,284,998

shares issued and outstanding as of December 27, 2023 and December 28, 2022, respectively.

 

39

 

 

 

39

 

Class B common stock, $0.001 par value—35,000,000 shares authorized; 2,834,513 and 2,869,513

shares issued and outstanding as of December 27, 2023 and December 28, 2022, respectively.

 

3

 

 

 

3

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

426,602

 

 

 

415,649

 

Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)

 

16,413

 

 

 

(3,394

)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(3

)

 

 

 

Total stockholders' equity attributable to Shake Shack Inc.

 

443,054

 

 

 

412,297

 

Non-controlling interests

 

25,953

 

 

 

24,632

 

Total equity

 

469,007

 

 

 

436,929

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY

$

1,605,788

 

 

$

1,512,043

 

**As previously disclosed, in connection with the preparation of the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023, management identified an error with the accounting for the deferred tax asset associated with the investment in SSE Holdings, LLC. The following adjustments have been made to the financial information for fiscal 2022: a cumulative adjustment to fiscal 2022 opening retained earnings of approximately $14.2 million, a decrease in income tax expense of approximately $3.0 million for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022 and an increase in the fiscal 2022 deferred tax asset balance of approximately $17.2 million.

SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

       

 

Thirteen Weeks Ended

 

Fifty-Two Weeks Ended

 

December 27

2023

 

December 28

2022**

 

December 27

2023

 

December 28

2022**

Shack sales

$

275,775

 

96.3

%

 

$

229,924

 

96.4

%

 

$

1,046,819

 

96.3

%

 

$

869,270

 

96.5

%

Licensing revenue

 

10,468

 

3.7

%

 

 

8,605

 

3.6

%

 

 

40,714

 

3.7

%

 

 

31,216

 

3.5

%

TOTAL REVENUE

 

286,243

 

100.0

%

 

 

238,529

 

100.0

%

 

 

1,087,533

 

100.0

%

 

 

900,486

 

100.0

%

Shack-level operating expenses(1):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Food and paper costs

 

80,289

 

29.1

%

 

 

67,939

 

29.5

%

 

 

305,041

 

29.1

%

 

 

261,584

 

30.1

%

Labor and related expenses

 

78,599

 

28.5

%

 

 

66,404

 

28.9

%

 

 

304,254

 

29.1

%

 

 

257,358

 

29.6

%

Other operating expenses(2)

 

41,097

 

14.9

%

 

 

33,648

 

14.6

%

 

 

149,449

 

14.3

%

 

 

129,650

 

14.9

%

Occupancy and related expenses

 

21,162

 

7.7

%

 

 

18,238

 

7.9

%

 

 

79,846

 

7.6

%

 

 

68,508

 

7.9

%

General and administrative expenses(2)

 

35,816

 

12.5

%

 

 

32,205

 

13.5

%

 

 

129,542

 

11.9

%

 

 

120,009

 

13.3

%

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

24,538

 

8.6

%

 

 

19,207

 

8.1

%

 

 

91,242

 

8.4

%

 

 

72,796

 

8.1

%

Pre-opening costs

 

5,128

 

1.8

%

 

 

6,474

 

2.7

%

 

 

19,231

 

1.8

%

 

 

15,050

 

1.7

%

Impairment and loss on disposal of assets

 

909

 

0.3

%

 

 

728

 

0.3

%

 

 

3,007

 

0.3

%

 

 

2,425

 

0.3

%

TOTAL EXPENSES

 

287,538

 

100.5

%

 

 

244,843

 

102.6

%

 

 

1,081,612

 

99.5

%

 

 

927,380

 

103.0

%

INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS

 

(1,295

)

(0.5

)%

 

 

(6,314

)

(2.6

)%

 

 

5,921

 

0.5

%

 

 

(26,894

)

(3.0

)%

Other income, net

 

3,271

 

1.1

%

 

 

2,396

 

1.0

%

 

 

12,776

 

1.2

%

 

 

4,127

 

0.5

%

Interest expense

 

(476

)

(0.2

)%

 

 

(373

)

(0.2

)%

 

 

(1,717

)

(0.2

)%

 

 

(1,518

)

(0.2

)%

INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES

 

1,500

 

0.5

%

 

 

(4,291

)

(1.8

)%

 

 

16,980

 

1.6

%

 

 

(24,285

)

(2.7

)%

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

(5,296

)

(1.9

)%

 

 

3,825

 

1.6

%

 

 

(3,553

)

(0.3

)%

 

 

(1,273

)

(0.1

)%

NET INCOME (LOSS)

 

6,796

 

2.4

%

 

 

(8,116

)

(3.4

)%

 

 

20,533

 

1.9

%

 

 

(23,012

)

(2.6

)%

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

 

30

 

%

 

 

(354

)

(0.1

)%

 

 

726

 

0.1

%

 

 

(1,876

)

(0.2

)%

NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO SHAKE SHACK INC.

$

6,766

 

2.4

%

 

$

(7,762

)

(3.3

)%

 

$

19,807

 

1.8

%

 

$

(21,136

)

(2.3

)%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

$

0.17

 

 

 

$

(0.20

)

 

 

$

0.50

 

 

 

$

(0.54

)

 

Diluted

$

0.15

 

 

 

$

(0.20

)

 

 

$

0.47

 

 

 

$

(0.54

)

 

Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

39,470

 

 

 

 

39,283

 

 

 

 

39,419

 

 

 

 

39,237

 

 

Diluted

 

43,944

 

 

 

 

39,283

 

 

 

 

43,899

 

 

 

 

39,237

 

 

(1) As a percentage of Shack sales.

(2) The Company has elected to reclassify certain marketing expenses from Other operating expenses to General and administrative expenses for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 27, 2023. The prior periods have been updated to conform with the current year presentation. The reclassification does not have a material impact on our results.

**As previously disclosed, in connection with the preparation of the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023, management identified an error with the accounting for the deferred tax asset associated with the investment in SSE Holdings, LLC. The following adjustments have been made to the financial information for fiscal 2022: a cumulative adjustment to fiscal 2022 opening retained earnings of approximately $14.2 million, a decrease in income tax expense of approximately $3.0 million for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022 and an increase in the fiscal 2022 deferred tax asset balance of approximately $17.2 million.

SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

   

 

Fifty-Two Weeks Ended

 

December 27

2023

 

December 28

2022**

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

Net income (loss) (including amounts attributable to non-controlling interests)

$

20,533

 

 

$

(23,012

)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

91,242

 

 

 

72,796

 

Amortization of debt issuance costs

 

1,047

 

 

 

1,047

 

Amortization of cloud computing asset

 

1,798

 

 

 

1,500

 

Non-cash operating lease cost

 

67,781

 

 

 

58,801

 

Equity-based compensation

 

14,888

 

 

 

13,326

 

Deferred income taxes

 

(8,613

)

 

 

(6,312

)

Non-cash interest expense

 

116

 

 

 

218

 

Gain on sale of marketable securities

 

(81

)

 

 

 

Net amortization of discount on held-to-maturity securities

 

(1,620

)

 

 

 

Impairment and loss on disposal of assets

 

3,007

 

 

 

2,425

 

Unrealized loss on equity securities

 

 

 

 

158

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

(2,970

)

 

 

9,139

 

Inventories

 

(1,220

)

 

 

(334

)

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

(2,253

)

 

 

(2,473

)

Other assets

 

(6,307

)

 

 

(8,065

)

Accounts payable

 

687

 

 

 

3,541

 

Accrued expenses

 

9,508

 

 

 

4,707

 

Accrued wages and related liabilities

 

3,328

 

 

 

2,859

 

Other current liabilities

 

(2,809

)

 

 

8,541

 

Operating lease liabilities

 

(58,214

)

 

 

(61,364

)

Other long-term liabilities

 

2,291

 

 

 

(756

)

NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

 

132,139

 

 

 

76,742

 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

Purchases of property and equipment

 

(146,167

)

 

 

(142,559

)

Purchases of held-to-maturity securities

 

(94,019

)

 

 

 

Maturities of held-to-maturity securities

 

27,078

 

 

 

 

Purchases of equity securities

 

(690

)

 

 

(865

)

Sales of equity securities

 

81,478

 

 

 

 

NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES

 

(132,320

)

 

 

(143,424

)

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

Payments on principal of finance leases

 

(3,272

)

 

 

(2,974

)

Distributions paid to non-controlling interest holders

 

(162

)

 

 

(410

)

Net proceeds from stock option exercises

 

744

 

 

 

424

 

Employee withholding taxes related to net settled equity awards

 

(2,994

)

 

 

(2,242

)

NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES

 

(5,684

)

 

 

(5,202

)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

(3

)

 

 

(1

)

DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

 

(5,868

)

 

 

(71,885

)

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD

 

230,521

 

 

 

302,406

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD

$

224,653

 

 

$

230,521

 

**As previously disclosed, in connection with the preparation of the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023, management identified an error with the accounting for the deferred tax asset associated with the investment in SSE Holdings, LLC. The following adjustments have been made to the financial information for fiscal 2022: a cumulative adjustment to fiscal 2022 opening retained earnings of approximately $14.2 million, a decrease in income tax expense of approximately $3.0 million for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022 and an increase in the fiscal 2022 deferred tax asset balance of approximately $17.2 million.

SHAKE SHACK INC.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(UNAUDITED)

To supplement the Consolidated Financial Statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), the Company uses the following non-GAAP financial measures: Shack-level operating profit, Shack-level operating profit margin, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share (collectively the "non-GAAP financial measures").

Shack-Level Operating Profit

Shack-level operating profit, also referred to as restaurant profit, is defined as Shack sales less Shack-level operating expenses which include Food and paper costs, Labor and related expenses, Other operating expenses and Occupancy and related expenses.

How This Measure Is Useful

When used in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, Shack-level operating profit and Shack-level operating profit margin are supplemental measures of operating performance that the Company believes are useful measures to evaluate the performance and profitability of its Shacks. Additionally, Shack-level operating profit and Shack-level operating profit margin are key metrics used internally by management to develop internal budgets and forecasts, as well as assess the performance of its Shacks relative to budget and against prior periods. It is also used to evaluate team member compensation as it serves as a metric in certain performance-based team member bonus arrangements. The Company believes presentation of Shack-level operating profit and Shack-level operating profit margin provides investors with a supplemental view of its operating performance that can provide meaningful insights to the underlying operating performance of the Shacks, as these measures depict the operating results that are directly impacted by the Shacks and exclude items that may not be indicative of, or are unrelated to, the ongoing operations of the Shacks. It may also assist investors to evaluate the Company's performance relative to peers of various sizes and maturities and provides greater transparency with respect to how management evaluates the business, as well as the financial and operational decision-making.

Limitations of the Usefulness of this Measure

Shack-level operating profit and Shack-level operating profit margin may differ from similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation. Presentation of Shack-level operating profit and Shack-level operating profit margin is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. Shack-level operating profit excludes certain costs, such as General and administrative expenses and Pre-opening costs, which are considered normal, recurring cash operating expenses and are essential to support the operation and development of the Company's Shacks. Therefore, this measure may not provide a complete understanding of the Company's operating results as a whole and Shack-level operating profit and Shack-level operating profit margin should be reviewed in conjunction with the Company's GAAP financial results. A reconciliation of Shack-level operating profit to Income (loss) from operations, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, is as follows.

 

Thirteen Weeks Ended

 

Fifty-Two Weeks Ended

(dollar amounts in thousands)

December 27

2023

 

December 28

2022

 

December 27

2023

 

December 28

2022

Income (loss) from operations

$

(1,295

)

 

$

(6,314

)

 

$

5,921

 

 

$

(26,894

)

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Licensing revenue

 

10,468

 

 

 

8,605

 

 

 

40,714

 

 

 

31,216

 

Add:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

General and administrative expenses(1)

 

35,816

 

 

 

32,205

 

 

 

129,542

 

 

 

120,009

 

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

24,538

 

 

 

19,207

 

 

 

91,242

 

 

 

72,796

 

Pre-opening costs

 

5,128

 

 

 

6,474

 

 

 

19,231

 

 

 

15,050

 

Impairment and loss on disposal of assets(2)

 

909

 

 

 

728

 

 

 

3,007

 

 

 

2,425

 

Shack-level operating profit

$

54,628

 

 

$

43,695

 

 

$

208,229

 

 

$

152,170

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenue

$

286,243

 

 

$

238,529

 

 

$

1,087,533

 

 

$

900,486

 

Less: Licensing revenue

 

10,468

 

 

 

8,605

 

 

 

40,714

 

 

 

31,216

 

Shack sales

$

275,775

 

 

$

229,924

 

 

$

1,046,819

 

 

$

869,270

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shack-level operating profit margin(3,4)

 

19.8

%

 

 

19.0

%

 

 

19.9

%

 

 

17.5

%

(1) Certain marketing expenses have been reclassified from Other operating expenses to General and administrative expenses in the prior year to conform with the current year presentation. The reclassification does not have a material impact on our results.

(2) For the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022, this amount includes a non-cash impairment charge of $0.1 million related to one Shack.

(3) For the fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022, Shack-level operating profit margin includes a $1.3 million cumulative catch-up adjustment for gift card breakage income, recognized in Shack sales.

(4) As a percentage of Shack sales.

SHAKE SHACK INC.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(UNAUDITED)

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

EBITDA is defined as Net income (loss) before Interest expense (net of interest income), Income tax expense (benefit) and Depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA (as defined above) excluding equity-based compensation expense, Impairment and loss on disposal of assets, amortization of cloud-based software implementation costs, as well as certain non-recurring items that the Company does not believe directly reflect its core operations and may not be indicative of the Company's recurring business operations.

During the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023, the Company revised its definition of Adjusted EBITDA to exclude deferred lease costs and executive transition costs as adjustments to the measure. The Company believes excluding both of these items improves the usefulness of Adjusted EBITDA as these items are characteristic of the Company’s ongoing operations and such presentation is consistent with other companies in the restaurant industry. Previously reported periods have been revised to conform to the current period presentation.

How These Measures Are Useful

When used in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA are supplemental measures of operating performance that the Company believes are useful measures to facilitate comparisons to historical performance and competitors' operating results. Adjusted EBITDA is a key metric used internally by management to develop internal budgets and forecasts and also serves as a metric in its performance-based equity incentive programs and certain bonus arrangements. The Company believes presentation of EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA provides investors with a supplemental view of the Company's operating performance that facilitates analysis and comparisons of its ongoing business operations because they exclude items that may not be indicative of the Company's ongoing operating performance.

Limitations of the Usefulness of These Measures

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA may differ from similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation. Presentation of EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA exclude certain normal recurring expenses. Therefore, these measures may not provide a complete understanding of the Company's performance and should be reviewed in conjunction with the GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA to Net income (loss), the most directly comparable GAAP measure, is as follows.

 

Thirteen Weeks Ended

Fifty-Two Weeks Ended

(dollar amounts in thousands)

December 27

2023

December 28

2022**

December 27

2023

December 28

2022**

Net income (loss)

$

6,796

 

$

(8,116

)

$

20,533

 

$

(23,012

)

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

24,538

 

 

19,207

 

 

91,242

 

 

72,796

 

Interest (income) expense, net

 

(562

)

 

373

 

 

(726

)

 

1,518

 

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

(5,296

)

 

3,825

 

 

(3,553

)

 

(1,273

)

EBITDA

 

25,476

 

 

15,289

 

 

107,496

 

 

50,029

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity-based compensation

 

3,668

 

 

3,171

 

 

15,093

 

 

13,326

 

Amortization of cloud-based software implementation costs

 

478

 

 

420

 

 

1,798

 

 

1,500

 

Impairment and loss on disposal of assets(1)

 

909

 

 

728

 

 

3,007

 

 

2,425

 

Legal settlements(2)

 

(385

)

 

(40

)

 

619

 

 

6,710

 

Severance

 

 

 

 

 

211

 

 

 

CEO transition costs

 

206

 

 

 

 

206

 

 

 

Gift card breakage cumulative catch-up adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,281

)

Other(3)

 

1,065

 

 

 

 

3,386

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

$

31,417

 

$

19,568

 

$

131,816

 

$

72,709

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA margin(4)

 

11.0

%

 

8.2

%

 

12.1

%

 

8.1

%

(1) For the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022, this amount includes a non-cash impairment charge of $0.1 million related to one Shack.

(2) Expenses incurred to establish accruals related to the settlements of legal matters.

(3) Related to professional fees for a non-recurring matter.

(4) Calculated as a percentage of total revenue, which was $286.2 million and $1,087.5 million for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 27, 2023, respectively, and $238.5 million and $900.5 million for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022, respectively.

**As previously disclosed, in connection with the preparation of the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023, management identified an error with the accounting for the deferred tax asset associated with the investment in SSE Holdings, LLC. The following adjustments have been made to the financial information for fiscal 2022: a cumulative adjustment to fiscal 2022 opening retained earnings of approximately $14.2 million, a decrease in income tax expense of approximately $3.0 million for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022 and an increase in the fiscal 2022 deferred tax asset balance of approximately $17.2 million.

SHAKE SHACK INC.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(UNAUDITED)

Adjusted Pro Forma Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted Pro Forma Earnings (Loss) Per Fully Exchanged and Diluted Share

Adjusted pro forma net income (loss) represents Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. assuming the full exchange of all outstanding SSE Holdings, LLC membership interests ("LLC Interests") for shares of Class A common stock, adjusted for certain non-recurring items that the Company does not believe are directly related to its core operations and may not be indicative of recurring business operations. Adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share is calculated by dividing adjusted pro forma net income (loss) by the weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding, assuming the full exchange of all outstanding LLC Interests, after giving effect to the dilutive effect of outstanding equity-based awards.

During the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023 , the Company revised its definition of Adjusted Pro Forma Net Income to exclude executive transition costs as an adjustment to the measure. Previously reported periods have been revised to conform to the current period presentation. See "EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA" above for additional information.

How These Measures Are Useful

When used in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share are supplemental measures of operating performance that the Company believes are useful measures to evaluate performance period-over-period and relative to its competitors. By assuming the full exchange of all outstanding LLC Interests, the Company believes these measures facilitate comparisons with other companies that have different organizational and tax structures, as well as comparisons period over period because it eliminates the effect of any changes in Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. driven by increases in its ownership of SSE Holdings, which are unrelated to the Company's operating performance, and excludes items that are non-recurring or may not be indicative of ongoing operating performance.

Limitations of the Usefulness of These Measures

Adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share may differ from similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation. Presentation of adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share should not be considered alternatives to Net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share, as determined under GAAP. While these measures are useful in evaluating the Company's performance, it does not account for the earnings (loss) attributable to the non-controlling interest holders and therefore does not provide a complete understanding of the Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. Adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share should be evaluated in conjunction with GAAP financial results. A reconciliation of adjusted pro forma net income (loss) to Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc., the most directly comparable GAAP measure, and the computation of adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share are set forth below.

 

Thirteen Weeks Ended

Fifty-Two Weeks Ended

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

December 27

2023

December 28

2022**

December 27

2023

December 28

2022**

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc.

$

6,766

 

$

(7,762

)

$

19,807

 

$

(21,136

)

Adjustments:

 

 

 

 

Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests from the

assumed exchange of LLC Interests(1)

 

30

 

 

(354

)

 

726

 

 

(1,876

)

Legal settlements

 

(385

)

 

(40

)

 

619

 

 

6,710

 

Gift card breakage cumulative catch-up adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,281

)

Asset impairment charge(2)

 

 

 

99

 

 

 

 

99

 

Severance

 

 

 

 

 

211

 

 

 

CEO transition costs

 

206

 

 

 

 

206

 

 

 

Other(3)

 

1,065

 

 

 

 

3,386

 

 

 

Tax impact of above adjustments(4)

 

(6,651

)

 

5,465

 

 

(8,797

)

 

4,543

 

Adjusted pro forma net income (loss)

$

1,031

 

$

(2,592

)

$

16,158

 

$

(12,941

)

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—diluted

 

43,944

 

 

39,283

 

 

43,899

 

 

39,237

 

Adjustments:

 

 

 

 

Assumed exchange of LLC Interests for shares of Class A common stock(1)

 

 

 

2,870

 

 

 

 

2,892

 

Adjusted pro forma fully exchanged weighted-average shares of Class A common stock

outstanding—diluted

 

43,944

 

 

42,153

 

 

43,899

 

 

42,129

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted pro forma loss per fully exchanged share—diluted

$

0.02

 

$

(0.06

)

$

0.37

 

$

(0.31

)

 

Thirteen Weeks Ended

 

Fifty-Two Weeks Ended

 

December 27

2023

 

December 28

2022**

 

December 27

2023

 

December 28

2022**

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted

$

0.15

 

 

$

(0.20

)

 

$

0.47

 

 

$

(0.54

)

Assumed exchange of LLC Interests for shares of Class A common stock(1)

 

 

 

 

0.01

 

 

 

 

 

 

(0.01

)

Non-GAAP adjustments(5)

 

(0.13

)

 

 

0.13

 

 

 

(0.10

)

 

 

0.24

 

Adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged share—diluted

$

0.02

 

 

$

(0.06

)

 

$

0.37

 

 

$

(0.31

)

(1) Assumes the exchange of all outstanding LLC Interests for shares of Class A common stock, resulting in the elimination of the non-controlling interest and recognition of the net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests. For the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 27, 2023, this exchange is included in weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding-diluted and therefore no additional share and per share adjustments are required.

(2) For the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022, this amount includes a non-cash impairment charge of $0.1 million related to one Shack.

(3) Related to professional fees for a non-recurring matter.

(4) Represents the tax effect of the aforementioned adjustments and pro forma adjustments to reflect corporate income taxes at assumed effective tax rates of 56.8% and 24.5% for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 27, 2023, respectively, and 38.8% and 31.0% for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022, respectively. Amounts include provisions for U.S. federal income taxes, certain LLC entity-level taxes and foreign withholding taxes, assuming the highest statutory rates apportioned to each applicable state, local and foreign jurisdiction.

(5) Represents the per share impact of non-GAAP adjustments for each period. Refer to the reconciliation of Adjusted Pro Forma Net Income (Loss) above for additional information.

**As previously disclosed, in connection with the preparation of the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023, management identified an error with the accounting for the deferred tax asset associated with the investment in SSE Holdings, LLC. The following adjustments have been made to the financial information for fiscal 2022: a cumulative adjustment to fiscal 2022 opening retained earnings of approximately $14.2 million, a decrease in income tax expense of approximately $3.0 million for the thirteen and fifty-two weeks ended December 28, 2022 and an increase in the fiscal 2022 deferred tax asset balance of approximately $17.2 million.

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